JP2000116010A - Distributed power supply system - Google Patents
Distributed power supply systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000116010A JP2000116010A JP10277325A JP27732598A JP2000116010A JP 2000116010 A JP2000116010 A JP 2000116010A JP 10277325 A JP10277325 A JP 10277325A JP 27732598 A JP27732598 A JP 27732598A JP 2000116010 A JP2000116010 A JP 2000116010A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- power
- inverter device
- power supply
- inverter
- load
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、分散配置された太
陽電池等の複数の直流電源の電力により動作し、連系運
転及び自立運転の交流電力を負荷給電する分散型電源装
置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distributed power supply apparatus which operates by the power of a plurality of DC power supplies such as solar cells arranged in a distributed manner and supplies AC power for interconnected operation and independent operation to a load.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、太陽光発電システム等の分散型電
源装置においては、分散配置された太陽電池等の複数の
直流電源を備える場合、各直流電源の電力を個別に連系
運転及び自立運転の交流電力に変換して負荷給電するこ
とが行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a distributed power supply device such as a photovoltaic power generation system, when a plurality of DC power supplies such as distributed solar cells are provided, the power of each DC power supply is individually connected and operated independently. Is converted to AC power and supplied to a load.
【０００３】すなわち、従来のこの種の太陽光発電シス
テムは図６に示すように形成され、屋根や壁面等に分散
配置された各太陽電池１は各単位ユニット２ａ，２ｂ，
…，２ｎの電源を形成する。That is, a conventional solar power generation system of this type is formed as shown in FIG. 6, and each of the solar cells 1 distributed on a roof, a wall, or the like includes unit units 2a, 2b,
, 2n power supplies are formed.
【０００４】なお、各太陽電池１はそれぞれ１又は複数
の太陽電池モジュール（ＰＶモジュール）或いは太陽電
池アレイ（ＰＶアレイ）からなる。Each solar cell 1 is composed of one or more solar cell modules (PV modules) or a solar cell array (PV array).
【０００５】そして、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎは、そ
れぞれ太陽電池１の直流電力を交流電力に変換するＤＣ
／ＡＣインバータ装置３及び開閉器４を介してインバー
タ装置３の直流入力側に接続された補助電源としての蓄
電池（バッテリー）５を有する。[0005] Each of the unit units 2a to 2n is a DC unit for converting DC power of the solar cell 1 into AC power.
It has a storage battery (battery) 5 as an auxiliary power supply connected to the DC input side of the inverter device 3 via the / AC inverter device 3 and the switch 4.
【０００６】このとき、太陽電池１がＰＶモジュールで
あれば、インバータ装置３はいわゆるＡＣモジュールと
して太陽電池１に一体に設けられ、太陽電池１がＰＶア
レイであれば、インバータ装置３は接続相と一体に設け
られる。At this time, if the solar cell 1 is a PV module, the inverter device 3 is provided integrally with the solar cell 1 as a so-called AC module. If the solar cell 1 is a PV array, the inverter device 3 is connected to the connection phase. It is provided integrally.
【０００７】さらに、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのイン
バータ装置３の交流出力側が共通の交流給電路６及び連
系・解列用の開閉器７，８を介して電力系統９に接続さ
れ、電力系統９の正常時（系統正常時）、開閉器７，８
が閉成（オン）して各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのインバ
ータ装置３が系統電源１０に連系運転される。Further, the AC output side of the inverter device 3 of each of the unit units 2a to 2n is connected to a power system 9 via a common AC power supply line 6 and interconnecting / disconnecting switches 7,8. 9 when normal (system normal), switches 7, 8
Is closed (turned on), and the inverter device 3 of each of the unit units 2a to 2n is connected to the system power supply 10 for operation.
【０００８】このとき、開閉器７，８に連動して開閉器
１１がオンし、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのインバータ
装置３の連系運転の交流電力が開閉器１１を介して重要
負荷１２に給電され、開閉器８を介して電力系統９の一
般負荷１３にも給電される。At this time, the switch 11 is turned on in conjunction with the switches 7 and 8, and the AC power for the interconnection operation of the inverter devices 3 of the unit units 2 a to 2 n is supplied to the important load 12 via the switch 11. The power is supplied to the general load 13 of the power system 9 via the switch 8.
【０００９】つぎに、電力系統９に停電，電圧低下の系
統異常が発生すると、電力系統９に計器用変圧器１４を
介して接続された連系保護装置としての連系保護リレー
１５が系統異常の検出信号を出力する。Next, when a power failure or voltage drop occurs in the power system 9, the connection protection relay 15 as a connection protection device connected to the power system 9 via the instrument transformer 14 causes a system failure. Is output.
【００１０】この検出信号に基づき、開閉器８が開放
（オフ）して各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎ及び負荷１２が
電力系統９から切離される。On the basis of this detection signal, the switch 8 is opened (turned off) and the unit units 2a to 2n and the load 12 are disconnected from the power system 9.
【００１１】さらに、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのＤＣ
／ＡＣインバータ装置３がそれぞれ自立運転に切換わ
り、各インバータ装置３の自立運転の定電圧制御された
交流電力が負荷１２に給電され、系統異常時にも負荷１
２の給電が継続される。Further, the DC of each of the unit units 2a to 2n
/ AC inverter devices 3 are switched to self-sustained operation, respectively, and constant-voltage controlled AC power for self-sustained operation of each inverter device 3 is supplied to the load 12 so that the load 1 is maintained even when the system is abnormal.
2 is continued.
【００１２】そして、電力系統９が停電等から復帰する
と、連系保護リレー１５から前記検出信号が出力されな
くなり、開閉器８がオンし、単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎの
ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置３が再び連系運転に切換わ
る。When the power system 9 recovers from a power failure or the like, the detection signal is no longer output from the interconnection protection relay 15, the switch 8 is turned on, and the DC / AC inverter device 3 of the unit units 2a to 2n is turned on again. Switch to interconnection operation.
【００１３】なお、系統異常時の各単位ユニット２ａ〜
２ｎのインバータ装置３の直流電力を確保するため、イ
ンバータ装置３の自立運転の間には各単位ユニット２ａ
〜２ｎの開閉器４がオンし、インバータ装置３に太陽電
池１だけでなく蓄電池５からも直流電力が供給される。
そして、蓄電池５は放電すると、太陽電池１の直流電力
で充電される。Each of the unit units 2a-
In order to secure the DC power of the 2n inverter device 3, each unit 2a
Ｎ2n switches 4 are turned on, and DC power is supplied to inverter device 3 not only from solar cell 1 but also from storage battery 5.
When the storage battery 5 is discharged, it is charged with the DC power of the solar cell 1.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記従来装置の場合、
系統異常時の自立運転の際に個別に運転される各単位ユ
ニット２ａ〜２ｎのインバータ装置３間の電力横流等を
防止するため、実際には各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのイ
ンバータ装置３に同期信号，振幅制御信号等の運転制御
の信号を供給し、各インバータ装置３の交流出力の振
幅，位相を正確に同期させる必要があり、複雑な運転制
御を要する問題点がある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the case of the conventional device,
In order to prevent cross-flow of electric power between the inverter units 3 of the unit units 2a to 2n that are individually operated during the independent operation in the event of a system abnormality, a synchronization signal is actually sent to the inverter units 3 of the unit units 2a to 2n. It is necessary to supply operation control signals such as an amplitude control signal and the like, and to accurately synchronize the amplitude and phase of the AC output of each inverter device 3, which requires a complicated operation control.
【００１５】また、日射量等によって太陽電池１の発電
量がユニット間で異なり、発電量が少ない太陽電池１の
インバータ装置３は直流電力が不足して運転不能になる
ことがあり、系統異常時に十分な負荷給電が行えなくな
る問題点がある。In addition, the amount of power generated by the solar cell 1 varies between units due to the amount of solar radiation and the like, and the inverter device 3 of the solar cell 1 having a small amount of generated power may become inoperable due to insufficient DC power. There is a problem that sufficient load power cannot be supplied.
【００１６】すなわち、図６のように各単位ユニット２
ａ〜２ｎのインバータ装置３にそれぞれの太陽電池１及
び蓄電池５から直流電力を並列給電する場合であって
も、ユニット間の太陽電池１の発電量のばらつき等によ
って蓄電池５の充電状態（消費状態）が異なり、系統異
常により自立運転に切換わったときに蓄電池５の充電状
態によっては、直流電力が不足して運転できないインバ
ータ装置３が発生するおそれがある。That is, as shown in FIG.
Even when DC power is supplied in parallel from the respective solar cells 1 and storage batteries 5 to the inverter devices 3a to 2n, the state of charge (consumption state) of the storage batteries 5 due to variations in the amount of power generated by the solar cells 1 between units and the like. ) Is different, and depending on the state of charge of the storage battery 5 when the operation is switched to the self-sustaining operation due to a system abnormality, there is a possibility that the inverter device 3 that cannot operate due to insufficient DC power may occur.
【００１７】このとき、定電圧出力を確保するため、運
転中のインバータ装置３が過負荷状態になると、これら
のインバータ装置３の運転も停止して系統異常時の負荷
給電が行えない事態を招来する。At this time, in order to secure a constant voltage output, if the inverter device 3 in operation becomes overloaded, the operation of these inverter devices 3 is also stopped, and a situation in which load power supply cannot be performed in the event of a system abnormality may occur. I do.
【００１８】そして、太陽電池１をＰＶモジュールの小
容量出力とし、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎをＡＣモジュ
ールにより形成した場合に前記の問題が顕著に現われ
る。When the solar cell 1 is a small capacity output of a PV module and each of the unit units 2a to 2n is formed by an AC module, the above-mentioned problem becomes conspicuous.
【００１９】つぎに、前記従来装置の場合、各単位ユニ
ット２ａ〜２ｎに蓄電池５が設けられ、それらの定期的
なメンテナンス等を要する問題点もある。Next, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, the storage batteries 5 are provided in each of the unit units 2a to 2n, and there is also a problem that their regular maintenance is required.
【００２０】本発明は、装置間の出力同期をとったりす
ることなく、簡単な制御で系統異常時の自立運転中に
も、分散配置された複数の直流電源の直流電力を有効に
利用して交流電力の負荷給電が行えるようにすることを
課題とし、さらには、メンテナンス等が容易で極めて実
用的な構成の分散型電源装置を提供することも課題とす
る。According to the present invention, the AC power can be effectively utilized by effectively utilizing the DC power of a plurality of DC power supplies dispersedly arranged even during the self-sustained operation in the event of a system failure without simple output synchronization between the devices. It is another object of the present invention to provide a load-type power supply apparatus, and to provide a distributed power supply apparatus having an extremely practical configuration that is easy to maintain and the like.
【００２１】[0021]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記の課題を解決するた
めに、本発明の分散型電源装置は、請求項１の場合、分
散配置された太陽電池等の直流電源毎に設けられ，直流
連系運転により各直流電源から直流電力を取出して出力
する複数のＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ装置と、各コンバータ
装置の直流出力が供給され，系統正常時に電力系統に接
続されて連系運転され、停電，電圧低下等が発生する系
統異常時に電力系統から切離されて自立運転され，連系
運転及び自立運転により各コンバータ装置から供給され
た直流電力を交流電力に変換して負荷給電する共通の１
台のＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置とを備える。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a distributed power supply according to the present invention is provided for each DC power supply such as a distributed solar cell, and is connected to a DC power supply. A plurality of DC / DC converter devices for extracting and outputting DC power from each DC power supply by system operation and DC output of each converter device are supplied and connected to the power system when the system is normal, and connected to the power system to operate the system. In the event of a system failure that causes a decrease or the like, the power supply system is disconnected from the power system and is operated independently. The common power supply that converts DC power supplied from each converter device into AC power and supplies power to the load by interconnected operation and independent operation
And a DC / AC inverter device.
【００２２】したがって、分散配置された各直流電源の
直流電力はそれぞれのＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ装置により
取出され、各コンバータ装置から共通の１台のＤＣ／Ａ
Ｃインバータ装置に直流輸送され、各直流電源の直流電
力がインバータ装置により一括して並列運転，自立運転
の交流電力に変換されて負荷給電される。Therefore, the DC power of the DC power supplies arranged in a distributed manner is taken out by the respective DC / DC converter devices, and one DC / A converter is shared by each of the converter devices.
The DC power is transported to the C inverter device, and the DC power of each DC power source is collectively converted by the inverter device into AC power for parallel operation and independent operation, and fed to the load.
【００２３】この場合、従来装置の各インバータ装置間
の交流電力の位相，電圧振幅の同期制御等の複雑な運転
制御を行うことなく、系統正常時及び系統異常時の交流
電力の負荷給電が行える。In this case, the load power supply of the AC power can be performed when the system is normal and when the system is abnormal, without performing complicated operation control such as synchronous control of the phase and voltage amplitude of the AC power between the inverter devices of the conventional device. .
【００２４】しかも、各直流電源の出力にばらつきがあ
っても、常に、これらの直流電力を全て利用して並列運
転，自立運転の交流電力が形成され、直流電源が太陽電
池等の時々刻々の発電量が変化する電源であっても、そ
れらの電力を極力有効に利用して交流電力の負荷給電が
行える。Moreover, even if the output of each DC power supply varies, AC power for parallel operation and self-sustained operation is always formed by using all of these DC powers, and the DC power supply Even with a power supply whose power generation amount changes, load power supply of AC power can be performed by effectively using such power.
【００２５】つぎに、請求項２の場合は、ＤＣ／ＡＣイ
ンバータ装置の直流入力側に設けられて各コンバータ装
置の直流出力により充電され，充電電力をインバータ装
置に供給する共通の蓄電池を備える。Next, in the case of the second aspect, a common storage battery is provided on the DC input side of the DC / AC inverter device, is charged by the DC output of each converter device, and supplies the charging power to the inverter device.
【００２６】したがって、各直流電源が太陽電池等の発
生量が変動する電源の場合に、各コンバータ装置の直流
電力のばらつき等によらず、それらの出力により蓄電池
を充電し、この蓄電池の充電電力をインバータ装置に供
給して極めて有効に利用することができ、実用的な分散
型電源装置を提供することができる。Therefore, when each DC power supply is a power supply in which the amount of generation of a solar cell or the like fluctuates, the storage battery is charged by the output without depending on the variation of the DC power of each converter device and the like. Can be supplied to the inverter device and used very effectively, and a practical distributed power supply device can be provided.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態につき、図１
ないし図５を参照して説明する。 （１形態）まず、本発明の実施の１形態につき、図１な
いし図３を参照して説明する。図１に示すように各単位
ユニット２ａ〜２ｎは、それぞれ太陽電池１とその直流
電力が供給されるＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ装置１６とによ
り形成され、図７の従来装置の個別のインバータ装置
３，開閉器４，蓄電池５は設けられていない。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. (One Embodiment) First, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, each of the unit units 2a to 2n is formed by a solar cell 1 and a DC / DC converter device 16 to which the DC power is supplied. The container 4 and the storage battery 5 are not provided.
【００２８】また、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのコンバ
ータ装置１６は、それらの出力側が共通の直流給電路１
７を介して共通の１台のＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置１８
の直流入力側に接続され、このインバータ装置１８の交
流出力側は開閉器７，８を介して電力系統９に接続され
ている。The converter device 16 of each of the unit units 2a to 2n has a DC power supply line 1 having a common output side.
7 and one common DC / AC inverter device 18
And an AC output side of the inverter device 18 is connected to a power system 9 via switches 7 and 8.
【００２９】そして、各コンバータ装置１６及びインバ
ータ装置１８は、１台の共通の制御装置（メインコント
ローラ）１９により運転制御される。The operation of each converter device 16 and inverter device 18 is controlled by one common control device (main controller) 19.
【００３０】さらに、この形態においては、インバータ
装置１８の直流入力側に共通の１個の蓄電池２０が設け
られ、この蓄電池２０は逆流防止用のダイオード２１，
充電路用の開閉器２２の並列回路及び解列用の開閉器２
３を介して直流給電路１７に接続されている。Further, in this embodiment, one common storage battery 20 is provided on the DC input side of the inverter device 18, and this storage battery 20 is provided with a diode 21 for backflow prevention,
Parallel circuit of switch 22 for charging path and switch 2 for disconnection
3 is connected to the DC power supply line 17.
【００３１】なお、各コンバータ装置１６は各太陽電池
１の出力により駆動され、インバータ装置１８は蓄電池
２０の出力により駆動される。Each converter device 16 is driven by the output of each solar cell 1, and the inverter device 18 is driven by the output of the storage battery 20.
【００３２】また、インバータ装置１８の連系運転／自
立運転の運転モードの切換え及び各開閉器７，８，２
２，２３の開閉は連系保護リレー１５の系統異常の検出
信号に基づいて行われる。Switching of the operation mode between the interconnected operation and the independent operation of the inverter device 18 and the operation of the switches 7, 8, 2
Opening and closing of the switches 2 and 23 are performed based on a detection signal of a system abnormality of the interconnection protection relay 15.
【００３３】つぎに、図１の動作を説明する。 Ａ．連系運転時（系統正常時） まず、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのコンバータ装置１６
は、それぞれの太陽電池１の開放電圧を監視し、発電可
能な状態になると、装置間の通信線２４を介して制御装
置１９に発電準備完了信号を送信する。Next, the operation of FIG. 1 will be described. A. At the time of interconnection operation (when the system is normal) First, the converter device 16 of each unit unit 2a to 2n
Monitors the open-circuit voltage of each of the solar cells 1, and transmits a power generation preparation completion signal to the control device 19 via the communication line 24 between the devices when the power generation is possible.
【００３４】そして、制御装置１９は前記発電準備完了
信号を１つでも受信すると、連系運転をインバータ装置
１８に指令する。Upon receiving at least one of the power generation preparation completion signals, the control device 19 instructs the inverter device 18 to perform the interconnection operation.
【００３５】このとき、開閉器７，８，１１がオンし、
インバータ装置１８は入力電圧一定制御の連系運転を開
始して運転中の表示信号を制御装置１９に返信する。At this time, the switches 7, 8, 11 are turned on,
The inverter device 18 starts the interconnection operation of the constant input voltage control, and returns a display signal during the operation to the control device 19.
【００３６】この返信を受信した制御装置１９は、前記
発電準備完了信号を送信したコンバータ装置１６に運転
指令を送信する。The control device 19 which has received this reply transmits an operation command to the converter device 16 which has transmitted the power generation preparation completion signal.
【００３７】この運転指令を受信したコンバータ装置１
６は、最大電力点追尾制御（Ｐｍａｘ制御）の運転によ
り、それぞれの太陽電池１から取出可能な最大の直流電
力を取出し、電流制御方式で出力する。The converter 1 which has received this operation command
6 extracts maximum DC power that can be extracted from each solar cell 1 by the operation of the maximum power point tracking control (Pmax control), and outputs the DC power in a current control system.
【００３８】そして、これらの直流電力は直流給電路１
７を介してインバータ装置１８に供給され、このとき、
インバータ装置１８は入力電圧一定制御で動作し、各コ
ンバータ装置１６から供給された電流電力は、それらに
ばらつきがあっても、ほぼ全てが連系運転の交流電力に
変換されて負荷１２，１３に給電される。The DC power is supplied to the DC power supply line 1.
7 to the inverter device 18 at this time,
The inverter device 18 operates under the constant input voltage control, and almost all of the current power supplied from each converter device 16 is converted into AC power for interconnected operation even if there is a variation between them, and the load is supplied to the loads 12 and 13. Powered.
【００３９】なお、各コンバータ装置１６はそれぞれの
太陽電池１の発電量が一定時間以上所定レベルを下回る
と、日照不足と判定して前記のＰｍａｘ制御の運転を停
止し、停止状態信号を制御装置１９に送信する。When the power generation amount of each solar cell 1 falls below a predetermined level for a certain period of time or longer, each converter device 16 determines that there is insufficient sunshine, stops the operation of the Pmax control, and outputs a stop state signal to the control device. Send to 19.
【００４０】また、制御装置１９は全てのコンバータ装
置１６から停止状態信号を受信したときにのみ、インバ
ータ装置１８に停止指令を送信してインバータ装置１８
を停止する。The control device 19 sends a stop command to the inverter device 18 only when receiving a stop state signal from all the converter devices 16 and
To stop.
【００４１】そして、連系運転中は以上の各動作（処
理）に基づき、インバータ装置１８から負荷１２，１３
に連系運転の交流電力を給電する。During the interconnection operation, the inverter device 18 supplies the loads 12, 13 based on the above operations (processes).
Is supplied with AC power for interconnected operation.
【００４２】Ｂ．自立運転時（系統異常時） つぎに、連系運転中に電力系統９に停電，電圧低下等が
発生すると、連系保護リレー１５が系統異常の検出信号
を出力する。B. At the time of self-sustaining operation (at the time of system abnormality) Next, when a power failure, a voltage drop, etc. occur in the power system 9 during the interconnection operation, the interconnection protection relay 15 outputs a system abnormality detection signal.
【００４３】そして、この検出信号を制御装置１９が受
信すると、制御装置１９は各コンバータ装置１６及びイ
ンバータ装置１８に停止指令の信号を送信し、分散型電
源装置全体を一旦停止状態にする。When the control device 19 receives the detection signal, the control device 19 transmits a stop command signal to each of the converter devices 16 and the inverter device 18 to temporarily stop the entire distributed power supply device.
【００４４】さらに、各コンバータ装置１６及びインバ
ータ装置１８から制御装置１９に停止状態の表示信号が
返信されると、制御装置１９はインバータ装置１８に自
立運転開始指令を送信し、インバータ装置１８のＣＶＣ
Ｆ制御の自立運転を開始させる。Further, when the converter device 16 and the inverter device 18 return a stop state display signal to the control device 19, the control device 19 transmits a self-sustained operation start command to the inverter device 18 and the CVC of the inverter device 18 is returned.
The self-sustaining operation of the F control is started.
【００４５】このとき、前記系統異常の検出信号により
オフした開閉器７，８がオンし、開閉器８のみがオフし
てインバータ装置１８及び負荷１２が電力系統９から切
離され、インバータ装置１８から負荷１２に自立運転の
交流電力が給電され、負荷１２の給電が継続する。At this time, the switches 7, 8 turned off by the detection signal of the system abnormality turn on, only the switch 8 turns off, the inverter device 18 and the load 12 are separated from the power system 9, and the inverter device 18 The AC power for the self-sustaining operation is supplied to the load 12 from, and the power supply to the load 12 is continued.
【００４６】また、自立運転を開始したインバータ装置
１８は制御装置１９に運転中の表示信号を返信し、この
返信を受信した制御装置１９は、発電準備完了信号を送
信した各コンバータ装置１６に運転指令を送信する。Further, the inverter device 18 which has started the self-sustaining operation returns a display signal indicating that the operation is in progress to the control device 19, and the control device 19 which has received the reply transmits the operation signal to each converter device 16 which has transmitted the power generation preparation completion signal. Send a command.
【００４７】この運転指令の受信により、各コンバータ
装置１６が再びＰｍａｘ制御運転される。なお、インバ
ータ装置１８は各コンバータ装置１６の運転制御は行わ
ない。Upon receiving the operation command, each converter device 16 is again subjected to the Pmax control operation. The inverter device 18 does not control the operation of each converter device 16.
【００４８】そして、前記系統異常の検出信号により開
閉器２２，２３がオンするため、各コンバータ装置１６
の直流電力は、直流給電路１７を介してインバータ装置
１８に供給されるとともに、開閉器２３，２２を介して
蓄電池２０を充電する。Since the switches 22 and 23 are turned on by the detection signal of the system abnormality, each converter device 16
Is supplied to the inverter device 18 via the DC power supply line 17 and charges the storage battery 20 via the switches 23 and 22.
【００４９】この充電により蓄電池２０が満充電状態に
なると、開閉器２２がオフして蓄電池２０の充電が終了
し、以降は、蓄電池２０の電力がダイオード２１，開閉
器２３を介してインバータ装置１６に供給される。When the storage battery 20 is fully charged by this charging, the switch 22 is turned off and the charging of the storage battery 20 is completed. Thereafter, the power of the storage battery 20 is supplied to the inverter device 16 via the diode 21 and the switch 23. Supplied to
【００５０】一方、日照条件や負荷の変動等により、各
単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎの太陽電池１の総発電量が負荷
１２の消費電力（負荷消費電力）を上回ると、インバー
タ装置１８の入力電圧が上昇する。On the other hand, if the total amount of power generated by the solar cells 1 of each of the unit units 2a to 2n exceeds the power consumption (load power consumption) of the load 12 due to a change in the sunshine condition, the load, or the like, the input voltage of the inverter device 18 increases. To rise.
【００５１】そして、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧が
設定された上限電圧に上昇すると、この形態の場合は制
御装置１９から各コンバータ装置１６に運転停止を指令
し、全てのコンバータ装置１６の運転を一旦停止し、蓄
電池２０の電力のみでインバータ装置１８を運転する。When the input voltage of the inverter device 18 rises to the set upper limit voltage, in this case, the control device 19 instructs each converter device 16 to stop the operation, and once stops the operation of all the converter devices 16. It stops and the inverter device 18 is operated only with the electric power of the storage battery 20.
【００５２】この運転により蓄電池２０が放電してイン
バータ装置１８の入力電圧が低下すると、再び各コンバ
ータ装置１６を運転するとともに開閉器２２をオンし
て、蓄電池２０を充電する。When the storage battery 20 is discharged by this operation and the input voltage of the inverter device 18 decreases, each converter device 16 is operated again and the switch 22 is turned on to charge the storage battery 20.
【００５３】そして、自立運転中は以上の動作に基づ
き、インバータ装置１８から負荷１２に自立運転の交流
電力を給電する。During the self-sustaining operation, the inverter device 18 supplies AC power for the self-sustaining operation to the load 12 based on the above operation.
【００５４】Ｃ．系統異常からの復帰時 つぎに、電力系統９が系統異常から正常に復帰すると、
連系保護リレー１５から系統異常の検出信号が出力され
なくなる。C. Next, when the power system 9 returns to normal from the system abnormality,
The detection signal of the system abnormality is not output from the interconnection protection relay 15.
【００５５】この検出信号のオフを制御装置１９が検出
すると、制御装置１９は各コンバータ装置１６及びイン
バータ装置１８に停止指令を送信し、各コンバータ装置
１６及びインバータ装置１８を一旦停止する。When the control device 19 detects that the detection signal is turned off, the control device 19 transmits a stop command to each of the converter devices 16 and the inverter devices 18 and temporarily stops the respective converter devices 16 and the inverter devices 18.
【００５６】その後、前記の連系運転時の動作が開始さ
れ、インバータ装置１８から負荷１２，１３に連系運転
の交流電力が給電される。After that, the operation at the time of the interconnection operation is started, and the AC power for the interconnection operation is supplied from the inverter device 18 to the loads 12 and 13.
【００５７】なお、連系運転中に蓄電池２０が過放電状
態になり、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧が著しく低下
すると、インバータ装置１８の運転が停止して開閉器２
２，２３がオンし、蓄電池２０の充電が優先される。If the storage battery 20 is overdischarged during the interconnection operation and the input voltage of the inverter device 18 drops significantly, the operation of the inverter device 18 is stopped and the switch 2
2 and 23 are turned on, and charging of the storage battery 20 is prioritized.
【００５８】したがって、電力系統９が停電して連系運
転から自立運転に移行する際の動作シーケンスは図２に
示すようになり、この停電から復帰して連系運転に戻る
際の動作シーケンスは図３に示すようになる。Therefore, the operation sequence when the power system 9 goes out of power and shifts from the interconnection operation to the self-sustaining operation is as shown in FIG. 2. The operation sequence when returning from the interruption and returning to the interconnection operation is as follows. As shown in FIG.
【００５９】すなわち、電力系統９が停止すると、図２
に示すように、そのステップＡ１により連系保護リレー
１５が停電を検出し、この検出に基づき、ステップＡ２
により開閉器８をオフし、ステップＡ３ ，Ａ４ によ
りインバータ装置１８及び各コンバータ装置１６を停止
する。That is, when the power system 9 is stopped, FIG.
As shown in, interconnection protection relay 15 detects a power failure by that step A 1, based on the detection, Step A 2
The switch 8 is turned off, and the inverter device 18 and each converter device 16 are stopped in steps A 3 and A 4 .
【００６０】そして、ステップＡ５ により蓄電池２０
が満充電状態か否かを判断し、満充電状態でなければス
テップＡ６ により開閉器７，１１，２２，２３をオン
し、ステップＡ７ によりインバータ装置１８をＣＶＣ
Ｆ制御で自立運転し、ステップＡ８ に示すようにイン
バータ装置１８から負荷１２に自立運転の交流電力を給
電し、同時に、蓄電池２０を充電する。[0060] Then, the battery 20 by the step A 5
CVC There it is determined whether the fully charged state, and turns on the switch 7,11,22,23 by Step A 6 if not fully charged, the inverter device 18 in step A 7
And self-sustained operation at F control, AC power isolated operation to supply power to the load 12 from the inverter device 18 as shown in Step A 8, at the same time, to charge the battery 20.
【００６１】このとき、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧
が正常であれば、ステップＡ９ を介してステップＡ
１０により各コンバータ装置１６をＰｍａｘ制御運転
し、各太陽電池１から最大電力を取出しインバータ装置
１８及び蓄電池２０に給電する。[0061] At this time, if the input voltage of the inverter 18 is normal, Step A through Step A 9
The maximum power is taken out from each solar cell 1 by the Pmax control operation of each converter device 16 by 10 and supplied to the inverter device 18 and the storage battery 20.
【００６２】一方、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧が上
昇して過大になると、ステップＡ９ からステップＡ１１
に移行して全てのコンバータ装置１６の運転を停止し、
同時にステップＡ１２により開閉器７，８，１１，２３
をオンして開閉器２２をオフに保ち、蓄電池２０の充電
を停止してその電力のみでインバータ装置１８の自立運
転を継続し、蓄電池２０が放電してインバータ装置１８
の入力電圧が下ると、ステップＡ９ からステップＡ
６ に移って蓄電池２０を再び充電する。On the other hand, when the input voltage of
If it rises and becomes excessive, step A9 From step A11
To stop the operation of all the converter devices 16,
Step A at the same time12Switches 7, 8, 11, 23
To turn on the switch 22 and to charge the storage battery 20.
And the independent operation of the inverter device 18 using only the power
Operation, the storage battery 20 discharges and the inverter device 18
When the input voltage of9From step A
6Then, the storage battery 20 is charged again.
【００６３】ところで、ステップＡ５ により蓄電池２
０の満充電状態が検出されると、インバータ装置１８の
入力電圧の上昇を防止するため、ステップＡ５ から直
ちにステップＡ１２に移行し、蓄電池２０の充電電力の
みを用いてインバータ装置１８の自立運転を開始する。[0063] By the way, the storage battery 2 by the step A 5
When 0 fully charged state of the is detected, in order to prevent an increase in the input voltage of the inverter device 18, immediately proceeds to step A 12 Step A 5, independence of the inverter device 18 using only the charging power of the accumulator 20 Start driving.
【００６４】つぎに、電力系統９が停電から復帰する
と、図３に示すようにステップＢ１により連系保護リレ
ー１５が停電を検出しなくなり、このとき、ステップＢ
２によりインバータ装置１８の運転を停止し、ステップ
Ｂ３ により開閉器７，１１をオンし、ステップＢ４
により開閉器２２，２３をオフする。Next, when the power system 9 is restored from the power failure, interconnection protection relay 15 in step B 1, as shown in FIG. 3 ceases to detect a power failure, this time, step B
2 by stopping the operation of the inverter device 18, and turns on the switch 7 and 11 in step B 3, Step B 4
Switches 22 and 23 are turned off.
【００６５】そして、ステップＢ５ によりインバータ
装置１８を連系運転し、ステップＢ ６ により各コンバ
ータ装置１６をＰｍａｘ制御運転し、連系運転の給電を
再開する。Then, step B5By inverter
When the device 18 is connected to the operation, step B 6By each converter
Data device 16 in Pmax control operation to supply power for interconnection operation.
To resume.
【００６６】さらに、ステップＢ７ により連系運転中
の蓄電池２０の過放電の有無を検出し、日射不足，負荷
の増大等で蓄電池２０が過放電状態になり、インバータ
装置１８の入力電圧が設定された下限電圧以下になる
と、ステップＢ８ によりインバータ装置１８の運転を
停止し、ステップＢ９ により開閉器２２，２３をオン
し、蓄電池２０の充電を優先する。[0066] Furthermore, to detect the presence or absence of over-discharge of the battery 20 during interconnected operation in step B 7, insufficient sunlight, battery 20 such as increased load is over-discharged, set the input voltage of the inverter device 18 It becomes a lower limit voltage or less that is, to stop the operation of the inverter device 18 in step B 8, and turns on the switch 22 and 23 in step B 9, giving priority to charging of the battery 20.
【００６７】そして、蓄電池２０が充電されると、イン
バータ装置１８を連系運転して負荷給電を再開する。When the storage battery 20 is charged, the inverter device 18 is operated in a linked manner to restart the load power supply.
【００６８】したがって、この実施の形態の場合は、各
単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎに太陽電池１及びコンバータ装
置１６を設け、各コンバータ装置１６により各太陽電池
１から直流電力を取出し、それらの直流電力を共通の１
台のインバータ装置１８に直流輸送し、このインバータ
装置を連系運転，自立運転して交流電力を負荷給電する
構成であるため、従来装置のインバータ装置間の電力横
流を防止するための出力同期等をとる複雑な運転制御が
不要であり、簡単な運転制御で系統正常時及び系統異常
時の交流電力の負荷給電が行える。Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, the solar cells 1 and the converter device 16 are provided in each of the unit units 2a to 2n, DC power is taken out from each solar cell 1 by each converter device 16, and the DC power is Common one
DC power is supplied to one inverter device 18 and the inverter device is connected and operated independently to supply AC power to a load, so that output synchronization or the like for preventing power cross-flow between the inverter devices of the conventional device is performed. This eliminates the need for complicated operation control, and enables simple operation control to supply AC power to the load when the system is normal and when the system is abnormal.
【００６９】また、各太陽電池１の発電電力の差によ
り、各コンバータ装置１６からインバータ装置１８に供
給される直流電力にばらつきがあっても、常にこれらの
直流電力が全て利用されて交流電力に変換され、各太陽
電池１の発電電力を極めて有効に利用して自立運転中に
も十分な交流電力の負荷給電が行える。Even if the DC power supplied from each converter device 16 to inverter device 18 fluctuates due to the difference in the power generated by each solar cell 1, all of these DC powers are always used and converted into AC power. The converted power is sufficiently utilized, and the load power of sufficient AC power can be supplied during the self-sustained operation by utilizing the power generated by each solar cell 1 very effectively.
【００７０】さらに、この形態の場合、インバータ装置
１８の入力側に蓄電池２０を設け、各コンバータ装置１
６の直流電力により蓄電池２０を充電し、その充電電力
をインバータ装置１８の電源として利用するため、発電
量が時々刻々変動する各太陽電池１の直流電力を極めて
効率よく利用することができ、日射量の変動等によら
ず、極めて安定な負荷給電が行える。Further, in the case of this embodiment, a storage battery 20 is provided on the input side of the inverter device 18 so that each converter device 1
6, the storage battery 20 is charged with the DC power, and the charged power is used as the power source of the inverter device 18. Therefore, the DC power of each solar cell 1 whose power generation amount fluctuates every moment can be used extremely efficiently, Extremely stable load power supply can be performed irrespective of fluctuations in the amount.
【００７１】ところで、開閉器７，８，１１等を半導体
スイッチにより形成した場合は、電力系統９に瞬時電圧
低下が発生したときに瞬時に開閉器８をオフして負荷１
２及びインバータ装置１８を電力系統９から切離し、イ
ンバータ装置１８から負荷１２に安定な交流電力を給電
し、いわゆる瞬時電圧低下の補償を行うことも可能にな
る。When the switches 7, 8, 11 and the like are formed by semiconductor switches, when the instantaneous voltage drop occurs in the power system 9, the switch 8 is turned off instantaneously and the load 1 is turned off.
2 and the inverter device 18 are disconnected from the power system 9, and stable AC power is supplied from the inverter device 18 to the load 12, so that it is possible to compensate for a so-called instantaneous voltage drop.
【００７２】（他の形態）つぎに、本発明の実施の他の
形態について、図４，図５を参照して説明する。この形
態においては、系統異常時の自立運転中に図１のインバ
ータ装置１８の入力電圧が上昇すると、その上昇量に応
じてコンバータ装置１６の運転台数を減らすようにし、
インバータ装置１８の入力電圧が過大にならないように
して負荷給電を継続する。(Other Embodiments) Next, other embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, when the input voltage of the inverter device 18 in FIG. 1 increases during the self-sustaining operation at the time of a system abnormality, the number of operating converter devices 16 is reduced according to the amount of increase,
The load power supply is continued so that the input voltage of the inverter device 18 does not become excessive.
【００７３】そのため、インバータ装置１８に、その直
流の入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）の判定用の複数の基準電圧Ｖ
ａ，Ｖｂ，…，Ｖｎ（Ｖａ＞Ｖｂ＞…＞Ｖｎ）を設定
し、自立運転中に入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）と各基準電圧Ｖ
ａ〜Ｖｎとを比較する。Therefore, a plurality of reference voltages V for determining the DC input voltage Vi (dc) are supplied to the inverter device 18.
a, Vb,..., Vn (Va> Vb >>...> Vn), and the input voltage Vi (dc) and each reference voltage V
a to Vn.
【００７４】そして、少しずつ異なる各基準電圧Ｖａ〜
Ｖｎにコンバータ装置１６を１台ずつ割当て、自立運転
時に、入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）より低い基準電圧Ｖａ〜Ｖ
ｎに対応するコンバータ装置１６の運転を停止し、入力
電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）が過電圧にならないようにコンバータ
装置１６の運転台数を増減する。Then, the reference voltages Va to
Vn is assigned to each of the converter devices 16 and the reference voltages Va to V that are lower than the input voltage Vi (dc) during the autonomous operation.
The operation of the converter device 16 corresponding to n is stopped, and the number of converter devices 16 operated is increased or decreased so that the input voltage Vi (dc) does not become an overvoltage.
【００７５】すなわち、電力系統９が停電等して自立運
転になると、インバータ装置１８等が図２に対応する図
４に示すように動作する。That is, when the power system 9 is in a self-sustaining operation due to a power failure or the like, the inverter device 18 and the like operate as shown in FIG. 4 corresponding to FIG.
【００７６】図４において、ステップＣ１ 〜Ｃ９ ，
Ｃ１１は図２のステップＡ１ 〜Ａ ９ ，Ａ１１と同一
であり、図２と異なる点はインバータ装置１８の入力電
圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）が過大になったときに、ステップＣ９
がステップＣ１０ａ，Ｃ１０ｂ，…，Ｃ１０ｎの判定に
移行し、入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）と各基準電圧Ｖａ〜Ｖｎ
とを比較し、入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）以上の基準電圧Ｖａ
〜Ｖｎのインバータ装置１６についてはステップＣ１４
により運転を継続し、入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）より低い基
準電圧Ｖａ〜Ｖｎのインバータ装置１６についてはステ
ップＣ１３ａ，Ｃ１３ｂ，…，Ｃ１３ｎにより運転を停
止し、時々刻々の入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）に応じてインバ
ータ装置１６の運転台数を増減する点である。In FIG. 4, step C1~ C9,
C11Is Step A in FIG.1~ A 9, A11Same as
2 is different from FIG.
When the pressure Vi (dc) becomes excessive, step C9
Is Step C10a, C10b, ..., C10For the determination of n
Then, the input voltage Vi (dc) and each of the reference voltages Va to Vn
And a reference voltage Va equal to or higher than the input voltage Vi (dc).
Step C for the inverter devices 16 to Vn.14
To continue the operation, and the base voltage lower than the input voltage Vi (dc)
The inverter device 16 of the reference voltages Va to Vn is
Top C13a, C13b, ..., C13Stop operation by n
Stop and invert according to the input voltage Vi (dc) every moment.
The point is that the number of operating motor devices 16 is increased or decreased.
【００７７】なお、停電から復帰して連系運転に戻る際
は、図５に示すように、前記１形態と同様に動作する。
図５のステップＤ１ 〜Ｄ９ は図３のステップＢ１
〜Ｂ９ と同じステップである。When returning from the power failure and returning to the interconnection operation, the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Steps D 1 to D 9 in FIG. 5 correspond to step B 1 in FIG.
Is the same steps as ~B 9.
【００７８】したがって、この実施の形態の場合、自立
運転中に各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎの太陽電池１の総発
電量が負荷１２の消費電力を上回ると、インバータ装置
１８の入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）が過電圧にならないように
各コンバータ装置１６の運転台数を減らしながら、負荷
１２の給電が継続され、一層良好な負荷給電が行える。Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, when the total power generation of the solar cells 1 of the unit units 2a to 2n exceeds the power consumption of the load 12 during the self-sustaining operation, the input voltage Vi (dc) of the inverter device 18 The power supply to the load 12 is continued while reducing the number of operating converter devices 16 so that the voltage does not become excessive, so that more favorable load power supply can be performed.
【００７９】ところで、電力系統９は単相又は３相等で
あってよく、例えば３相系統の場合は、インバータ装置
１８等が相毎に設けられる。The power system 9 may be a single-phase or three-phase system. For example, in the case of a three-phase system, an inverter device 18 and the like are provided for each phase.
【００８０】また、各コンバータ装置１６及びインバー
タ装置１８の制御方法等は前記両実施の形態のものに限
られるものではない。The control method and the like of each converter device 16 and inverter device 18 are not limited to those of the above-described embodiments.
【００８１】そして、分散配置された各直流電源が燃料
電池等の太陽電池以外の種々の直流電源の場合にも本発
明を適用できるのは勿論である。The present invention can of course be applied to the case where the dispersed DC power supplies are various DC power supplies other than solar cells such as fuel cells.
【００８２】[0082]
【発明の効果】本発明は、以下に記載する効果を奏す
る。まず、請求項１の場合は、分散配置された各直流電
源（太陽電池１）の直流電力はそれぞれのコンバータ装
置１６により取出されて共通の１台のインバータ装置１
８に直流輸送され、このインバータ装置１８により一括
して系統正常時の連系運転の交流電力及び系統停電時の
自立運転の交流電力に変換され、これらの交流電力によ
り系統正常時及び系統異常時の負荷給電が行われる。The present invention has the following effects. First, in the case of the first aspect, the DC power of each DC power supply (solar cell 1) distributed and taken out is taken out by each converter device 16 and one common inverter device 1 is used.
8, and converted by the inverter device 18 into AC power for interconnected operation when the system is normal and AC power for independent operation when the system is out of power. Is supplied.
【００８３】この場合、各電流電源の電流電力をインバ
ータ装置１８により一括して交流電力に変換する構成で
あるため、従来装置のように各直流電源の直流電力を個
別に交流電力に変換する場合のような装置間の交流電力
の位相，電圧振幅の同期制御等の複雑な運転制御が不要
であり、直流電源の数が多くなっても極めて簡単な制御
で実施することができる。In this case, since the current power of each current power supply is collectively converted to AC power by the inverter device 18, the DC power of each DC power supply is individually converted to AC power as in the conventional device. As described above, complicated operation control such as synchronous control of the phase and voltage amplitude of AC power between devices is not required, and even if the number of DC power supplies is large, control can be performed with extremely simple control.
【００８４】しかも、各直流電源が太陽電池等の発電量
が変動する電源の場合にも、コンバータ装置１６の出力
の差によってインバータ装置１８の運転が停止したりせ
ず、各直流電源の電力を残らず利用して効率よく交流電
力に変換し、負荷給電をすることができる。In addition, even when each DC power supply is a power supply such as a solar cell whose power generation fluctuates, the operation of the inverter device 18 is not stopped due to the difference in the output of the converter device 16 and the power of each DC power supply is reduced. The remaining power can be efficiently used to convert the power to AC power and supply the load.
【００８５】つぎに、請求項２の場合はインバータ装置
１８の直流入力側に蓄電池２０を備えたため、各コンバ
ータ装置１６の直流出力で蓄電池２０が充電され、この
蓄電池２０の安定な直流電力をインバータ装置１８に供
給して交流電力に変換することができ、負荷給電特性が
一層向上し、しかも、蓄電池２０が一個所に設けられて
そのメンテナンス等が容易であり、実用的な分散型電源
装置を提供することができる。Next, in the case of claim 2, since the storage battery 20 is provided on the DC input side of the inverter device 18, the storage battery 20 is charged by the DC output of each converter device 16, and the stable DC power of the storage battery 20 is converted into the inverter power. It can be supplied to the device 18 and converted into AC power, the load power supply characteristics are further improved, and the storage battery 20 is provided at one place to facilitate its maintenance, etc. Can be provided.
【図１】本発明の実施の１形態の結線図である。FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の系統停電時の動作説明用のフローチャー
トである。FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of a system power failure in FIG. 1;
【図３】図１の系統復帰時の動作説明用のフローチャー
トである。FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of system return in FIG. 1;
【図４】本発明の実施の他の形態の系統停電時の動作説
明用のフローチャートである。FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of a system power failure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の実施の他の形態の系統復帰時の動作説
明用のフローチャートである。FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of system return according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】従来装置の結線図である。FIG. 6 is a connection diagram of a conventional device.
１ 太陽電池 ９ 電力系統 １２，１３ 負荷 １６ ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ装置 １８ ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置 ２０ 蓄電池 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar cell 9 Power system 12, 13 Load 16 DC / DC converter device 18 DC / AC inverter device 20 Storage battery
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成１１年８月１９日（１９９９．８．１
９）[Submission Date] August 19, 1999 (1999.8.1)
9)
【手続補正１】[Procedure amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】全文[Correction target item name] Full text
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【書類名】 明細書[Document Name] Statement
【発明の名称】 分散型電源装置[Title of the Invention] Distributed power supply
【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]
【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、分散配置された太
陽電池等の複数の直流電源の電力により動作し、連系運
転及び自立運転の交流電力を負荷給電する分散型電源装
置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distributed power supply apparatus which operates by the power of a plurality of DC power supplies such as solar cells arranged in a distributed manner and supplies AC power for interconnected operation and independent operation to a load.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、太陽光発電システム等の分散型電
源装置においては、分散配置された太陽電池等の複数の
直流電源を備える場合、各直流電源の電力を個別に連系
運転及び自立運転の交流電力に変換して負荷給電するこ
とが行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a distributed power supply device such as a photovoltaic power generation system, when a plurality of DC power supplies such as distributed solar cells are provided, the power of each DC power supply is individually connected and operated independently. Is converted to AC power and supplied to a load.
【０００３】すなわち、従来のこの種の太陽光発電シス
テムは図６に示すように形成され、屋根や壁面等に分散
配置された各太陽電池１は各単位ユニット２ａ，２ｂ，
…，２ｎの電源を形成する。That is, a conventional solar power generation system of this type is formed as shown in FIG. 6, and each of the solar cells 1 distributed on a roof, a wall, or the like includes unit units 2a, 2b,
, 2n power supplies are formed.
【０００４】なお、各太陽電池１はそれぞれ１又は複数
の太陽電池モジュール（ＰＶモジュール）或いは太陽電
池アレイ（ＰＶアレイ）からなる。Each solar cell 1 is composed of one or more solar cell modules (PV modules) or a solar cell array (PV array).
【０００５】そして、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎは、そ
れぞれ太陽電池１の直流電力を交流電力に変換するＤＣ
／ＡＣインバータ装置３及び開閉器４を介してインバー
タ装置３の直流入力側に接続された補助電源としての蓄
電池（バッテリー）５を有する。[0005] Each of the unit units 2a to 2n is a DC unit for converting DC power of the solar cell 1 into AC power.
It has a storage battery (battery) 5 as an auxiliary power supply connected to the DC input side of the inverter device 3 via the / AC inverter device 3 and the switch 4.
【０００６】このとき、太陽電池１がＰＶモジュールで
あれば、インバータ装置３はいわゆるＡＣモジュールと
して太陽電池１に一体に設けられ、太陽電池１がＰＶア
レイであれば、インバータ装置３は接続箱と一体に設け
られる。At this time, if the solar cell 1 is a PV module, the inverter device 3 is provided integrally with the solar cell 1 as a so-called AC module. If the solar cell 1 is a PV array, the inverter device 3 is connected to a connection box. It is provided integrally.
【０００７】さらに、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのイン
バータ装置３の交流出力側が共通の交流給電路６及び連
系・解列用の開閉器７，８を介して電力系統９に接続さ
れ、電力系統９の正常時（系統正常時）、開閉器７，８
が閉成（オン）して各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのインバ
ータ装置３が系統電源１０に連系運転される。Further, the AC output side of the inverter device 3 of each of the unit units 2a to 2n is connected to a power system 9 via a common AC power supply line 6 and interconnecting / disconnecting switches 7,8. 9 when normal (system normal), switches 7, 8
Is closed (turned on), and the inverter device 3 of each of the unit units 2a to 2n is connected to the system power supply 10 for operation.
【０００８】このとき、開閉器７，８に連動して開閉器
１１がオンし、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのインバータ
装置３の連系運転の交流電力が開閉器１１を介して重要
負荷１２に給電され、開閉器８を介して電力系統９の一
般負荷１３にも給電される。At this time, the switch 11 is turned on in conjunction with the switches 7 and 8, and the AC power for the interconnection operation of the inverter devices 3 of the unit units 2 a to 2 n is supplied to the important load 12 via the switch 11. The power is supplied to the general load 13 of the power system 9 via the switch 8.
【０００９】つぎに、電力系統９に停電，電圧低下の系
統異常が発生すると、電力系統９に計器用変圧器１４を
介して接続された連系保護装置としての連系保護リレー
１５が系統異常の検出信号を出力する。Next, when a power failure or voltage drop occurs in the power system 9, the connection protection relay 15 as a connection protection device connected to the power system 9 via the instrument transformer 14 causes a system failure. Is output.
【００１０】この検出信号に基づき、開閉器８が開放
（オフ）して各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎ及び負荷１２が
電力系統９から切離される。On the basis of this detection signal, the switch 8 is opened (turned off) and the unit units 2a to 2n and the load 12 are disconnected from the power system 9.
【００１１】さらに、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのＤＣ
／ＡＣインバータ装置３がそれぞれ自立運転に切換わ
り、各インバータ装置３の自立運転の定電圧制御された
交流電力が負荷１２に給電され、系統異常時にも負荷１
２の給電が継続される。Further, the DC of each of the unit units 2a to 2n
/ AC inverter devices 3 are switched to self-sustained operation, respectively, and constant-voltage controlled AC power for self-sustained operation of each inverter device 3 is supplied to the load 12 so that the load 1 is maintained even when the system is abnormal.
2 is continued.
【００１２】そして、電力系統９が停電等から復帰する
と、連系保護リレー１５から前記検出信号が出力されな
くなり、開閉器８がオンし、単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎの
ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置３が再び連系運転に切換わ
る。When the power system 9 recovers from a power failure or the like, the detection signal is no longer output from the interconnection protection relay 15, the switch 8 is turned on, and the DC / AC inverter device 3 of the unit units 2a to 2n is turned on again. Switch to interconnection operation.
【００１３】なお、系統異常時の各単位ユニット２ａ〜
２ｎのインバータ装置３の直流電力を確保するため、イ
ンバータ装置３の自立運転の間には各単位ユニット２ａ
〜２ｎの開閉器４がオンし、インバータ装置３に太陽電
池１だけでなく蓄電池５からも直流電力が供給される。
そして、蓄電池５は放電すると、太陽電池１の直流電力
で充電される。Each of the unit units 2a-
In order to secure the DC power of the 2n inverter device 3, each unit 2a
Ｎ2n switches 4 are turned on, and DC power is supplied to inverter device 3 not only from solar cell 1 but also from storage battery 5.
When the storage battery 5 is discharged, it is charged with the DC power of the solar cell 1.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記従来装置の場合、
系統異常時の自立運転の際に個別に運転される各単位ユ
ニット２ａ〜２ｎのインバータ装置３間の電力横流等を
防止するため、実際には各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのイ
ンバータ装置３に同期信号，振幅制御信号等の運転制御
の信号を供給し、各インバータ装置３の交流出力の振
幅，位相を正確に同期させる必要があり、複雑な運転制
御を要する問題点がある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the case of the conventional device,
In order to prevent cross-flow of electric power between the inverter units 3 of the unit units 2a to 2n that are individually operated during the independent operation in the event of a system abnormality, a synchronization signal is actually sent to the inverter units 3 of the unit units 2a to 2n. It is necessary to supply operation control signals such as an amplitude control signal and the like, and to accurately synchronize the amplitude and phase of the AC output of each inverter device 3, which requires a complicated operation control.
【００１５】また、日射量等によって太陽電池１の発電
量がユニット間で異なり、発電量が少ない太陽電池１の
インバータ装置３は直流電力が不足して運転不能になる
ことがあり、系統異常時に十分な負荷給電が行えなくな
る問題点がある。In addition, the amount of power generated by the solar cell 1 varies between units due to the amount of solar radiation and the like, and the inverter device 3 of the solar cell 1 having a small amount of generated power may become inoperable due to insufficient DC power. There is a problem that sufficient load power cannot be supplied.
【００１６】すなわち、図６のように各単位ユニット２
ａ〜２ｎのインバータ装置３にそれぞれの太陽電池１及
び蓄電池５から直流電力を並列給電する場合であって
も、ユニット間の太陽電池１の発電量のばらつき等によ
って蓄電池５の充電状態（消費状態）が異なり、系統異
常により自立運転に切換わったときに蓄電池５の充電状
態によっては、直流電力が不足して運転できないインバ
ータ装置３が発生するおそれがある。That is, as shown in FIG.
Even when DC power is supplied in parallel from the respective solar cells 1 and storage batteries 5 to the inverter devices 3a to 2n, the state of charge (consumption state) of the storage batteries 5 due to variations in the amount of power generated by the solar cells 1 between units and the like. ) Is different, and depending on the state of charge of the storage battery 5 when the operation is switched to the self-sustaining operation due to a system abnormality, there is a possibility that the inverter device 3 that cannot operate due to insufficient DC power may occur.
【００１７】このとき、定電圧出力を確保するため、運
転中のインバータ装置３が過負荷状態になると、これら
のインバータ装置３の運転も停止して系統異常時の負荷
給電が行えない事態を招来する。At this time, in order to secure a constant voltage output, if the inverter device 3 in operation becomes overloaded, the operation of these inverter devices 3 is also stopped, and a situation in which load power supply cannot be performed in the event of a system abnormality may occur. I do.
【００１８】そして、太陽電池１をＰＶモジュールの小
容量出力とし、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎをＡＣモジュ
ールにより形成した場合に前記の問題が顕著に現われ
る。When the solar cell 1 is a small capacity output of a PV module and each of the unit units 2a to 2n is formed by an AC module, the above-mentioned problem becomes conspicuous.
【００１９】つぎに、前記従来装置の場合、各単位ユニ
ット２ａ〜２ｎそれぞれに蓄電池５が設けられ、それら
の定期的なメンテナンス等を要する問題点もある。Next, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, there is also a problem that the storage batteries 5 are provided in each of the unit units 2a to 2n, and require regular maintenance and the like.
【００２０】本発明は、装置間の出力同期をとったりす
ることなく、簡単な制御で系統異常時の自立運転中に
も、分散配置された複数の直流電源の直流電力を有効に
利用して交流電力の負荷給電が行えるようにすることを
課題とし、さらには、メンテナンス等が容易で極めて実
用的な構成の分散型電源装置を提供することも課題とす
る。According to the present invention, the AC power can be effectively utilized by effectively utilizing the DC power of a plurality of DC power supplies dispersedly arranged even during the self-sustained operation in the event of a system failure without simple output synchronization between the devices. It is another object of the present invention to provide a load-type power supply apparatus, and to provide a distributed power supply apparatus having an extremely practical configuration that is easy to maintain and the like.
【００２１】[0021]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記の課題を解決するた
めに、本発明の分散型電源装置は、請求項１の場合、分
散配置された太陽電池等の直流電源毎に設けられ，直流
連系運転により各直流電源から直流電力を取出して出力
する複数のＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ装置と、各コンバータ
装置の直流出力により充電される共通の蓄電池と、各コ
ンバータ装置及び蓄電池装置から直流出力が供給され，
系統正常時に電力系統に接続されて連系運転され、停
電，電圧低下等が発生する系統異常時に電力系統から切
離されて自立運転され，連系運転及び自立運転により直
流電力を交流電力に変換して負荷給電する共通の１台の
ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置とを備える。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a distributed power supply according to the present invention is provided for each DC power supply such as a distributed solar cell, and is connected to a DC power supply. A plurality of DC / DC converter devices for extracting and outputting DC power from each DC power supply by system operation, a common storage battery charged by the DC output of each converter device, and a DC output supplied from each converter device and storage battery device. ,
Connected to the power system when the system is normal, and connected to the power system. When power failure, voltage drop, etc. occur, the system is disconnected from the power system and operated independently when the system is abnormal. DC power is converted to AC power by the grid operation and the independent operation And a common DC / AC inverter device for supplying power to the load.
【００２２】したがって、分散配置された各直流電源の
直流電力はそれぞれのコンバータ装置により取出され、
各コンバータ装置から共通の１台のインバータ装置に直
流輸送される。Therefore, the DC power of each of the DC power supplies arranged in a distributed manner is taken out by the respective converter device,
DC is transported from each converter device to one common inverter device.
【００２３】しかも、インバータ装置の直流入力側に各
コンバータ装置の直流出力により充電される共通の蓄電
池が設けられ、この蓄電池の直流電力もインバータ装置
に直流輸送される。Further, a common storage battery charged by the DC output of each converter device is provided on the DC input side of the inverter device, and the DC power of this storage battery is also transferred to the inverter device by DC.
【００２４】そして、各直流電源の直流電力が各コンバ
ータ装置及び蓄電池を介してインバータ装置により一括
して並列運転，自立運転の交流電力に変換され、負荷給
電される。Then, the DC power of each DC power supply is collectively converted into AC power for parallel operation and independent operation by the inverter device via each converter device and the storage battery, and supplied to the load.
【００２５】この場合、インバータ装置は１台であり、
従来装置の各インバータ装置間の交流電力の位相，電圧
振幅の同期制御等の複雑な運転制御を行うことなく、系
統正常時及び系統異常時の交流電力の負荷給電が行え
る。In this case, there is one inverter device,
Load power supply of AC power can be performed when the system is normal and when the system is abnormal, without performing complicated operation control such as synchronous control of the phase and voltage amplitude of the AC power between the inverter devices of the conventional device.
【００２６】しかも、各直流電源が太陽電池等の発生量
が変動する電源であっても、各コンバータ装置の直流電
力により蓄電池が充電され、この蓄電池の充電電力がＤ
Ｃ／ＡＣインバータ装置に供給されるため、常に、これ
らの直流電力を全て利用して並列運転，自立運転の交流
電力が形成され、それらの電力を極力有効に利用して交
流電力の負荷給電が行え、実用的な分散型電源装置を提
供することができる。In addition, even if each DC power supply is a power supply whose generation amount such as a solar cell fluctuates, the storage battery is charged by the DC power of each converter device, and the charging power of the storage battery is D.
Since the DC power is supplied to the C / AC inverter device, AC power for parallel operation and self-sustained operation is always formed by using all of the DC power, and the load power supply of the AC power is performed by effectively using the power as much as possible. A practical distributed power supply device can be provided.
【００２７】つぎに、請求項２の場合は、各ＤＣ／ＤＣ
コンバータ装置及びＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置の共通の
制御装置を備え、この制御装置により、系統の正常，異
常にしたがってインバータ装置を連系運転，自立運転に
制御し、かつ、系統異常時に自立運転中のインバータ装
置の入力電圧が設定された上限電圧以上の過電圧になる
と、各コンバータ装置の全ての運転を停止してインバー
タ装置の入力を共通の蓄電池の直流電力のみに低減し、
系統が異常から正常に復帰したときに、蓄電池が過放電
状態であればインバータ装置の運転を停止して蓄電池の
充電を優先する。Next, in the case of claim 2, each DC / DC
A common control device for the converter device and the DC / AC inverter device is provided. With this control device, the inverter device is controlled to interconnected operation and independent operation according to the normal or abnormal state of the system. When the input voltage of the inverter device becomes an overvoltage equal to or higher than the set upper limit voltage, all operations of each converter device are stopped, and the input of the inverter device is reduced to only the DC power of the common storage battery,
If the storage battery is over-discharged when the system returns to normal from the abnormality, the operation of the inverter device is stopped to give priority to charging the storage battery.
【００２８】したがって、各コンバータ装置及びインバ
ータ装置の具体的な運転制御を提供することができる。Accordingly, it is possible to provide specific operation control of each converter device and inverter device.
【００２９】そして、系統異常時は日照条件や負荷の変
動等により、インバータ装置の入力電圧が過大になる
と、各コンバータ装置の運転が停止されてインバータ装
置に供給される直流電力が共通の蓄電池の電力のみに低
減され、インバータ装置の入力電圧の過電圧が防止され
る。When the input voltage of the inverter device becomes excessive due to a sunshine condition or a change in load, etc., when the system is abnormal, the operation of each converter device is stopped and the DC power supplied to the inverter device is reduced to a common storage battery. The power is reduced to only the power, and the overvoltage of the input voltage of the inverter device is prevented.
【００３０】しかも、系統が異常から正常に復帰したと
きに、蓄電池が過放電状態であれば、蓄電池が優先的に
充電されてつぎの系統異常に備えることができる。Moreover, when the storage battery is over-discharged when the system returns from the abnormality to the normal state, the storage battery is charged preferentially and the system can be prepared for the next system abnormality.
【００３１】つぎに、請求項３の場合は、各ＤＣ／ＤＣ
コンバータ装置及びＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置の共通の
制御装置を備え、この制御装置により、系統の正常，異
常にしたがってインバータ装置を連系運転，自立運転に
制御し、かつ、系統異常時に自立運転中のインバータ装
置の入力電圧が過電圧にならないようにコンバータ装置
の運転台数を増減調整し、系統が異常から正常に復帰し
たときに、共通の蓄電池が過放電状態であればインバー
タ装置の運転を停止して蓄電池の充電を優先する。Next, in the case of claim 3, each DC / DC
A common control device for the converter device and the DC / AC inverter device is provided. With this control device, the inverter device is controlled to interconnected operation and independent operation according to the normal or abnormal state of the system. Increase or decrease the number of converters to be operated so that the input voltage of the inverter does not become overvoltage, and when the system returns to normal from abnormal, stop operation of the inverter if the common storage battery is overdischarged. Give priority to charging the storage battery.
【００３２】したがって、この場合は、系統異常時に、
インバータ装置の入力電圧が過電圧にならないように各
コンバータ装置の直流連系の運転台数が増減調整され、
インバータ装置の入力電圧が過電圧にならないようにし
て各直流電源が極めて効率よく利用され、請求項２の制
御の場合より一層良好な負荷給電が行える。Therefore, in this case, when the system is abnormal,
The number of DC interconnected units of each converter unit is increased or decreased so that the input voltage of the inverter unit does not become overvoltage,
Each DC power supply is used very efficiently by preventing the input voltage of the inverter device from becoming an overvoltage, and a better load power supply can be performed than in the case of the control of the second aspect.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態につき、図１
ないし図５を参照して説明する。 （１形態）まず、本発明の実施の１形態につき、図１な
いし図３を参照して説明する。図１に示すように各単位
ユニット２ａ〜２ｎは、それぞれ太陽電池１とその直流
電力が供給されるＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ装置１６とによ
り形成され、図７の従来装置の個別のインバータ装置
３，開閉器４，蓄電池５は設けられていない。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. (One Embodiment) First, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, each of the unit units 2a to 2n is formed by a solar cell 1 and a DC / DC converter device 16 to which the DC power is supplied. The container 4 and the storage battery 5 are not provided.
【００３４】また、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのコンバ
ータ装置１６は、それらの出力側が共通の直流給電路１
７を介して共通の１台のＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置１８
の直流入力側に接続され、このインバータ装置１８の交
流出力側は開閉器７，８を介して電力系統９に接続され
ている。The converter device 16 of each of the unit units 2a to 2n has a DC power supply line 1 having a common output side.
7 and one common DC / AC inverter device 18
And an AC output side of the inverter device 18 is connected to a power system 9 via switches 7 and 8.
【００３５】そして、各コンバータ装置１６及びインバ
ータ装置１８は、１台の共通の制御装置（メインコント
ローラ）１９により運転制御される。The operation of each converter device 16 and inverter device 18 is controlled by one common control device (main controller) 19.
【００３６】さらに、この形態においては、インバータ
装置１８の直流入力側に共通の１個の蓄電池２０が設け
られ、この蓄電池２０は逆流防止用のダイオード２１，
充電路用の開閉器２２の並列回路及び解列用の開閉器２
３を介して直流給電路１７に接続されている。Further, in this embodiment, one common storage battery 20 is provided on the DC input side of the inverter device 18, and this storage battery 20 is provided with a diode 21 for backflow prevention,
Parallel circuit of switch 22 for charging path and switch 2 for disconnection
3 is connected to the DC power supply line 17.
【００３７】なお、各コンバータ装置１６は各太陽電池
１の出力により駆動され、インバータ装置１８は蓄電池
２０の出力により駆動される。Each converter device 16 is driven by the output of each solar cell 1, and the inverter device 18 is driven by the output of the storage battery 20.
【００３８】また、インバータ装置１８の連系運転／自
立運転の運転モードの切換え及び各開閉器７，８，２
２，２３の開閉は連系保護リレー１５の系統異常の検出
信号に基づいて行われる。Switching of the operation mode between the interconnected operation and the independent operation of the inverter device 18 and the operation of the switches 7, 8, 2
Opening and closing of the switches 2 and 23 are performed based on a detection signal of a system abnormality of the interconnection protection relay 15.
【００３９】つぎに、図１の動作を説明する。 Ａ．連系運転時（系統正常時） まず、各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎのコンバータ装置１６
は、それぞれの太陽電池１の開放電圧を監視し、発電可
能な状態になると、装置間の通信線２４を介して制御装
置１９に発電準備完了信号を送信する。Next, the operation of FIG. 1 will be described. A. At the time of interconnection operation (when the system is normal) First, the converter device 16 of each unit unit 2a to 2n
Monitors the open-circuit voltage of each of the solar cells 1, and transmits a power generation preparation completion signal to the control device 19 via the communication line 24 between the devices when the power generation is possible.
【００４０】そして、制御装置１９は前記発電準備完了
信号を１つでも受信すると、連系運転をインバータ装置
１８に指令する。Upon receiving at least one of the power generation preparation completion signals, the control device 19 instructs the inverter device 18 to perform the interconnection operation.
【００４１】このとき、開閉器７，８，１１がオンし、
インバータ装置１８は入力電圧一定制御の連系運転を開
始して運転中の表示信号を制御装置１９に返信する。At this time, the switches 7, 8, 11 are turned on,
The inverter device 18 starts the interconnection operation of the constant input voltage control, and returns a display signal during the operation to the control device 19.
【００４２】この返信を受信した制御装置１９は、前記
発電準備完了信号を送信したコンバータ装置１６に運転
指令を送信する。The control device 19 that has received this reply transmits an operation command to the converter device 16 that has transmitted the power generation preparation completion signal.
【００４３】この運転指令を受信したコンバータ装置１
６は、最大電力点追尾制御（Ｐｍａｘ制御）の運転によ
り、それぞれの太陽電池１から取出可能な最大の直流電
力を取出し、電流制御方式で出力する。Converter device 1 having received this operation command
6 extracts maximum DC power that can be extracted from each solar cell 1 by the operation of the maximum power point tracking control (Pmax control), and outputs the DC power in a current control system.
【００４４】そして、これらの直流電力は直流給電路１
７を介してインバータ装置１８に供給され、このとき、
インバータ装置１８は入力電圧一定制御で動作し、各コ
ンバータ装置１６から供給された電流電力は、それらに
ばらつきがあっても、ほぼ全てが連系運転の交流電力に
変換されて負荷１２，１３に給電される。The DC power is supplied to the DC power supply line 1.
7 to the inverter device 18 at this time,
The inverter device 18 operates under the constant input voltage control, and almost all of the current power supplied from each converter device 16 is converted into AC power for interconnected operation even if there is a variation between them, and the load is supplied to the loads 12 and 13. Powered.
【００４５】なお、各コンバータ装置１６はそれぞれの
太陽電池１の発電量が一定時間以上所定レベルを下回る
と、日照不足と判定して前記のＰｍａｘ制御の運転を停
止し、停止状態信号を制御装置１９に送信する。When the power generation amount of each solar cell 1 falls below a predetermined level for a certain period of time or longer, each converter device 16 determines that there is insufficient sunshine, stops the operation of the Pmax control, and outputs a stop state signal to the control device. Send to 19.
【００４６】また、制御装置１９は全てのコンバータ装
置１６から停止状態信号を受信したときにのみ、インバ
ータ装置１８に停止指令を送信してインバータ装置１８
を停止する。Control device 19 transmits a stop command to inverter device 18 only when receiving a stop state signal from all converter devices 16, and
To stop.
【００４７】そして、連系運転中は以上の各動作（処
理）に基づき、インバータ装置１８から負荷１２，１３
に連系運転の交流電力を給電する。During the interconnection operation, the inverters 18 load the loads 12, 13 based on the above operations (processes).
Is supplied with AC power for interconnected operation.
【００４８】Ｂ．自立運転時（系統異常時） つぎに、連系運転中に電力系統９に停電，電圧低下等が
発生すると、連系保護リレー１５が系統異常の検出信号
を出力する。B. At the time of self-sustaining operation (at the time of system abnormality) Next, when a power failure, a voltage drop, etc. occur in the power system 9 during the interconnection operation, the interconnection protection relay 15 outputs a system abnormality detection signal.
【００４９】そして、この検出信号を制御装置１９が受
信すると、制御装置１９は各コンバータ装置１６及びイ
ンバータ装置１８に停止指令の信号を送信し、分散型電
源装置全体を一旦停止状態にする。When the control device 19 receives this detection signal, the control device 19 transmits a stop command signal to each of the converter devices 16 and the inverter device 18 to temporarily stop the entire distributed power supply device.
【００５０】さらに、各コンバータ装置１６及びインバ
ータ装置１８から制御装置１９に停止状態の表示信号が
返信されると、制御装置１９はインバータ装置１８に自
立運転開始指令を送信し、インバータ装置１８のＣＶＣ
Ｆ制御の自立運転を開始させる。Further, when a stop state display signal is returned from each of the converter units 16 and the inverter unit 18 to the control unit 19, the control unit 19 transmits a self-sustained operation start command to the inverter unit 18 and the CVC of the inverter unit 18 is controlled.
The self-sustaining operation of the F control is started.
【００５１】このとき、前記系統異常の検出信号により
オフした開閉器７，１１がオンし、開閉器８のみがオフ
してインバータ装置１８及び負荷１２が電力系統９から
切離され、インバータ装置１８から負荷１２に自立運転
の交流電力が給電され、負荷１２の給電が継続する。At this time, the switches 7, 11 which were turned off by the detection signal of the system abnormality are turned on, only the switch 8 is turned off, the inverter device 18 and the load 12 are disconnected from the power system 9, and the inverter device 18 is turned off. The AC power for the self-sustaining operation is supplied to the load 12 from, and the power supply to the load 12 is continued.
【００５２】また、自立運転を開始したインバータ装置
１８は制御装置１９に運転中の表示信号を返信し、この
返信を受信した制御装置１９は、発電準備完了信号を送
信した各コンバータ装置１６に運転指令を送信する。The inverter device 18 that has started the self-sustaining operation returns a display signal indicating that the operation is in progress to the control device 19, and the control device 19 that has received the reply transmits the operation signal to each converter device 16 that has transmitted the power generation preparation completion signal. Send a command.
【００５３】この運転指令の受信により、各コンバータ
装置１６が再びＰｍａｘ制御運転される。なお、インバ
ータ装置１８は各コンバータ装置１６の運転制御は行わ
ない。Upon receiving the operation command, each converter device 16 is again subjected to the Pmax control operation. The inverter device 18 does not control the operation of each converter device 16.
【００５４】そして、前記系統異常の検出信号により開
閉器２２，２３がオンするため、各コンバータ装置１６
の直流電力は、直流給電路１７を介してインバータ装置
１８に供給されるとともに、開閉器２３，２２を介して
蓄電池２０を充電する。The switches 22 and 23 are turned on by the system abnormality detection signal.
Is supplied to the inverter device 18 via the DC power supply line 17 and charges the storage battery 20 via the switches 23 and 22.
【００５５】この充電により蓄電池２０が満充電状態に
なると、開閉器２２がオフして蓄電池２０の充電が終了
し、以降は、蓄電池２０の電力がダイオード２１，開閉
器２３を介してインバータ装置１６に供給される。When the storage battery 20 is fully charged by this charging, the switch 22 is turned off, and the charging of the storage battery 20 is completed. Thereafter, the power of the storage battery 20 is supplied through the diode 21 and the switch 23 to the inverter device 16. Supplied to
【００５６】一方、日照条件や負荷の変動等により、各
単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎの太陽電池１の総発電量が負荷
１２の消費電力（負荷消費電力）を上回ると、インバー
タ装置１８の入力電圧が上昇する。On the other hand, when the total power generation of the solar cells 1 of each of the unit units 2a to 2n exceeds the power consumption (load power consumption) of the load 12 due to a change in the sunshine condition, the load, or the like, the input voltage of the inverter device 18 increases. To rise.
【００５７】そして、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧が
設定された上限電圧に上昇すると、この形態の場合は制
御装置１９から各コンバータ装置１６に運転停止を指令
し、全てのコンバータ装置１６の運転を一旦停止し、蓄
電池２０の電力のみでインバータ装置１８を運転する。When the input voltage of the inverter device 18 rises to the set upper limit voltage, in this case, the control device 19 instructs each converter device 16 to stop the operation, and once stops the operation of all the converter devices 16. It stops and the inverter device 18 is operated only with the electric power of the storage battery 20.
【００５８】この運転により蓄電池２０が放電してイン
バータ装置１８の入力電圧が低下すると、再び各コンバ
ータ装置１６を運転するとともに開閉器２２をオンし
て、蓄電池２０を充電する。When the storage battery 20 is discharged by this operation and the input voltage of the inverter device 18 decreases, each converter device 16 is operated again, and the switch 22 is turned on to charge the storage battery 20.
【００５９】そして、自立運転中は以上の動作に基づ
き、インバータ装置１８から負荷１２に自立運転の交流
電力を給電する。During the independent operation, the inverter device 18 supplies AC power for the independent operation to the load 12 based on the above operation.
【００６０】Ｃ．系統異常からの復帰時 つぎに、電力系統９が系統異常から正常に復帰すると、
連系保護リレー１５から系統異常の検出信号が出力され
なくなる。C. Next, when the power system 9 returns to normal from the system abnormality,
The detection signal of the system abnormality is not output from the interconnection protection relay 15.
【００６１】この検出信号のオフを制御装置１９が検出
すると、制御装置１９は各コンバータ装置１６及びイン
バータ装置１８に停止指令を送信し、各コンバータ装置
１６及びインバータ装置１８を一旦停止する。When the control device 19 detects that the detection signal is turned off, the control device 19 transmits a stop command to each of the converter devices 16 and the inverter devices 18 to temporarily stop the respective converter devices 16 and the inverter devices 18.
【００６２】その後、前記の連系運転時の動作が開始さ
れ、インバータ装置１８から負荷１２，１３に連系運転
の交流電力が給電される。Thereafter, the operation at the time of the interconnection operation is started, and the AC power for the interconnection operation is supplied from the inverter device 18 to the loads 12 and 13.
【００６３】なお、連系運転中に蓄電池２０が過放電状
態になり、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧が著しく低下
すると、インバータ装置１８の運転が停止して開閉器２
２，２３がオンし、蓄電池２０の充電が優先される。When the storage battery 20 is overdischarged during the interconnection operation and the input voltage of the inverter device 18 drops significantly, the operation of the inverter device 18 is stopped and the switch 2
2 and 23 are turned on, and charging of the storage battery 20 is prioritized.
【００６４】したがって、電力系統９が停電して連系運
転から自立運転に移行する際の動作シーケンスは図２に
示すようになり、この停電から復帰して連系運転に戻る
際の動作シーケンスは図３に示すようになる。Therefore, the operation sequence when the power system 9 goes out of power and shifts from interconnection operation to self-sustaining operation is as shown in FIG. 2. The operation sequence when returning from this interruption and returning to interconnection operation is as follows. As shown in FIG.
【００６５】すなわち、電力系統９が停止すると、図２
に示すように、そのステップＡ1 により連系保護リレー
１５が停電を検出し、この検出に基づき、ステップＡ2
により開閉器８をオフし、ステップＡ3，Ａ4によりイン
バータ装置１８及び各コンバータ装置１６を停止する。That is, when the power system 9 is stopped, FIG.
As shown in, interconnection protection relay 15 detects a power failure by that step A 1, based on the detection, Step A 2
Switch 8 is turned off, and the inverter device 18 and each converter device 16 are stopped in steps A 3 and A 4 .
【００６６】そして、ステップＡ5 により蓄電池２０が
満充電状態か否かを判断し、満充電状態でなければステ
ップＡ6 により開閉器７，１１，２２，２３をオンし、
ステップＡ7 によりインバータ装置１８をＣＶＣＦ制御
で自立運転し、ステップＡ8に示すようにインバータ装
置１８から負荷１２に自立運転の交流電力を給電し、同
時に、蓄電池２０を充電する。[0066] Then, it is determined whether battery 20 is either fully charged in step A 5, and turns on the switch 7,11,22,23 by Step A 6 if not fully charged,
The inverter device 18 is self-sustaining operation at CVCF control in step A 7, the AC power of autonomous operation to supply power to the load 12 from the inverter device 18 as shown in Step A 8, at the same time, to charge the battery 20.
【００６７】このとき、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧
が正常であれば、ステップＡ9 を介してステップＡ10に
より各コンバータ装置１６をＰｍａｘ制御運転し、各太
陽電池１から最大電力を取出しインバータ装置１８及び
蓄電池２０に給電する。[0067] At this time, if the normal input voltage of the inverter device 18, each converter device 16 Pmax controls operated by Step A 10 via the step A 9, an inverter device takes out the maximum power from the solar cell 1 18 And power is supplied to the storage battery 20.
【００６８】一方、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧が上
昇して過大になると、ステップＡ9からステップＡ11に
移行して全てのコンバータ装置１６の運転を停止し、同
時にステップＡ12により開閉器７，８，１１，２３をオ
ンして開閉器２２をオフに保ち、蓄電池２０の充電を停
止してその電力のみでインバータ装置１８の自立運転を
継続し、蓄電池２０が放電してインバータ装置１８の入
力電圧が下ると、ステップＡ9からステップＡ6に移って
蓄電池２０を再び充電する。Meanwhile, when the input voltage of the inverter device 18 is excessively large rises, to stop the operation of all of the converter device 16 shifts from step A 9 Step A 11, switch 7 in step A 12 simultaneously, 8, 11, and 23 are turned on to keep the switch 22 off, the charging of the storage battery 20 is stopped, and the inverter device 18 continues the self-sustained operation only with the electric power, and the storage battery 20 discharges and the input of the inverter device 18 is stopped. When the voltage falls again to charge the battery 20 proceeds from step a 9 step a 6.
【００６９】ところで、ステップＡ5 により蓄電池２０
の満充電状態が検出されると、インバータ装置１８の入
力電圧の上昇を防止するため、ステップＡ5 から直ちに
ステップＡ12に移行し、蓄電池２０の充電電力のみを用
いてインバータ装置１８の自立運転を開始する。[0069] By the way, the storage battery 20 by the step A 5
Full state of charge is detected in order to prevent an increase in the input voltage of the inverter device 18, immediately proceeds to step A 12 Step A 5, autonomous operation of the inverter device 18 using only the charging power of the accumulator 20 To start.
【００７０】つぎに、電力系統９が停電から復帰する
と、図３に示すようにステップＢ1 により連系保護リレ
ー１５が停電を検出しなくなり、このとき、ステップＢ
2 によりインバータ装置１８の運転を停止し、ステップ
Ｂ3 により開閉器７，１１をオンし、ステップＢ4によ
り開閉器２２，２３をオフする。Next, when the power system 9 is restored from the power failure, interconnection protection relay 15 in step B 1, as shown in FIG. 3 ceases to detect a power failure, this time, step B
2 by stopping the operation of the inverter device 18, and turns on the switch 7 and 11 in step B 3, turning off the switch 22 and 23 in step B 4.
【００７１】そして、ステップＢ5によりインバータ装
置１８を連系運転し、ステップＢ6により各コンバータ
装置１６をＰｍａｘ制御運転し、連系運転の給電を再開
する。[0071] Then, the inverter device 18 operated interconnection by Step B 5, each converter device 16 Pmax controls operated in step B 6, resume feeding of interconnected operation.
【００７２】さらに、ステップＢ7 により蓄電池２０の
過放電の有無を検出し、日射不足，負荷の増大等で蓄電
池２０が過放電状態になり、インバータ装置１８の入力
電圧が設定された下限電圧以下になると、ステップＢ8
によりインバータ装置１８の運転を停止し、ステップＢ
9 により開閉器２２，２３をオンし、蓄電池２０の充電
を優先し、つぎの系統異常に備える。[0072] Furthermore, to detect the presence or absence of over-discharge of the battery 20 in step B 7, insufficient sunlight, battery 20 such as increased load is over-discharged, the lower limit voltage input voltage is set in the inverter device 18 or less , Step B 8
The operation of the inverter device 18 is stopped by the
The switches 22 and 23 are turned on by 9 to give priority to charging of the storage battery 20 and prepare for the next system abnormality.
【００７３】そして、蓄電池２０が充電されると、イン
バータ装置１８を連系運転して負荷給電を再開する。Then, when the storage battery 20 is charged, the inverter device 18 is operated in an interconnected manner to restart the load power supply.
【００７４】したがって、この実施の形態の場合は、各
単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎに太陽電池１及びコンバータ装
置１６を設け、各コンバータ装置１６により各太陽電池
１から直流電力を取出し、それらの直流電力を共通の１
台のインバータ装置１８に直流輸送し、このインバータ
装置を連系運転，自立運転して交流電力を負荷給電する
構成であるため、従来装置のインバータ装置間の電力横
流を防止するための出力同期等をとる複雑な運転制御が
不要であり、簡単な運転制御で系統正常時及び系統異常
時の交流電力の負荷給電が行える。Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, the solar cells 1 and the converter device 16 are provided in each of the unit units 2a to 2n, DC power is taken out from each solar cell 1 by each converter device 16, and the DC power is Common one
DC power is supplied to one inverter device 18 and the inverter device is connected and operated independently to supply AC power to a load, so that output synchronization or the like for preventing power cross-flow between the inverter devices of the conventional device is performed. This eliminates the need for complicated operation control, and enables simple operation control to supply AC power to the load when the system is normal and when the system is abnormal.
【００７５】また、各太陽電池１の発電電力の差によ
り、各コンバータ装置１６からインバータ装置１８に供
給される直流電力にばらつきがあっても、常にこれらの
直流電力が全て利用されて交流電力に変換され、各太陽
電池１の発電電力を極めて有効に利用して自立運転中に
も十分な交流電力の負荷給電が行える。Further, even if the DC power supplied from each converter device 16 to the inverter device 18 varies due to the difference in the generated power of each solar cell 1, all of the DC power is always used and converted to AC power. The converted power is sufficiently utilized, and the load power of sufficient AC power can be supplied during the self-sustained operation by utilizing the power generated by each solar cell 1 very effectively.
【００７６】さらに、インバータ装置１８の入力側に共
通の蓄電池２０を設け、各コンバータ装置１６の直流電
力により蓄電池２０を充電し、その充電電力をインバー
タ装置１８の電源として利用するため、発電量が時々刻
々変動する各太陽電池１の直流電力を極めて効率よく利
用することができ、日射量の変動等によらず、極めて安
定な負荷給電が行える。Further, a common storage battery 20 is provided on the input side of the inverter device 18, the storage battery 20 is charged by the DC power of each converter device 16, and the charged power is used as a power source of the inverter device 18. The DC power of each solar cell 1 that changes every moment can be used extremely efficiently, and extremely stable load power can be supplied irrespective of fluctuations in the amount of solar radiation.
【００７７】ところで、開閉器７，８，１１等を半導体
スイッチにより形成した場合は、電力系統９に瞬時電圧
低下が発生したときに瞬時に開閉器８をオフして負荷１
２及びインバータ装置１８を電力系統９から切離し、イ
ンバータ装置１８から負荷１２に安定な交流電力を給電
し、いわゆる瞬時電圧低下の補償を行うことも可能にな
る。When the switches 7, 8, 11 and the like are formed by semiconductor switches, the switch 8 is turned off instantaneously when an instantaneous voltage drop occurs in the power system 9, and the load 1 is turned off.
2 and the inverter device 18 are disconnected from the power system 9, and stable AC power is supplied from the inverter device 18 to the load 12, so that it is possible to compensate for a so-called instantaneous voltage drop.
【００７８】（他の形態）つぎに、本発明の実施の他の
形態について、図４，図５を参照して説明する。この形
態においては、制御装置１９の運転制御により、系統異
常時の自立運転中に図１のインバータ装置１８の入力電
圧が上昇すると、その上昇量に応じてコンバータ装置１
６の運転台数を減らすようにし、インバータ装置１８の
入力電圧が過大にならないようにして負荷給電を継続す
る。(Other Embodiments) Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, when the input voltage of the inverter device 18 in FIG. 1 increases during the self-sustaining operation at the time of a system abnormality due to the operation control of the control device 19, the converter device 1
6, the load power supply is continued so that the input voltage of the inverter device 18 does not become excessive.
【００７９】そのため、インバータ装置１８に、その直
流の入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）の判定用の複数の基準電圧Ｖ
ａ，Ｖｂ，…，Ｖｎ（Ｖａ＞Ｖｂ＞…＞Ｖｎ）を設定
し、自立運転中に入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）と各基準電圧Ｖ
ａ〜Ｖｎとを比較する。Therefore, a plurality of reference voltages V for determining the DC input voltage Vi (dc) are supplied to the inverter device 18.
a, Vb,..., Vn (Va> Vb >>...> Vn), and the input voltage Vi (dc) and each reference voltage V
a to Vn.
【００８０】そして、少しずつ異なる各基準電圧Ｖａ〜
Ｖｎにコンバータ装置１６を１台ずつ割当て、自立運転
時に、入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）より低い基準電圧Ｖａ〜Ｖ
ｎに対応するコンバータ装置１６の運転を停止し、入力
電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）が過電圧にならないようにコンバータ
装置１６の運転台数を増減する。Each of the reference voltages Va to
Vn is assigned to each of the converter devices 16 and the reference voltages Va to V that are lower than the input voltage Vi (dc) during the autonomous operation.
The operation of the converter device 16 corresponding to n is stopped, and the number of converter devices 16 operated is increased or decreased so that the input voltage Vi (dc) does not become an overvoltage.
【００８１】すなわち、電力系統９が停電等して自立運
転になると、インバータ装置１８等が図２に対応する図
４に示すように動作する。That is, when the power system 9 becomes a self-sustaining operation due to a power failure or the like, the inverter device 18 and the like operate as shown in FIG. 4 corresponding to FIG.
【００８２】図４において、ステップＣ1〜Ｃ9，Ｃ11は
図２のステップＡ1〜Ａ9，Ａ11と同一であり、図２と異
なる点はインバータ装置１８の入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）が
過大になったときに、ステップＣ9 がステップＣ10ａ，
Ｃ10ｂ，…，Ｃ10ｎの判定に移行し、入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄ
ｃ）と各基準電圧Ｖａ〜Ｖｎとを比較し、入力電圧Ｖｉ
（ｄｃ）以上の基準電圧Ｖａ〜Ｖｎのコンバータ装置１
６についてはステップＣ14により運転を継続し、入力電
圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）より低い基準電圧Ｖａ〜Ｖｎのコンバー
タ装置１６についてはステップＣ13ａ，Ｃ13ｂ，…，Ｃ
13ｎにより運転を停止し、時々刻々の入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄ
ｃ）に応じてコンバータ装置１６の運転台数を増減する
点である。In FIG. 4, steps C 1 to C 9 and C 11 are the same as steps A 1 to A 9 and A 11 in FIG. 2, and the difference from FIG. 2 is that the input voltage Vi (dc) of the inverter device 18 is different. Is too large, step C 9 is replaced with step C 10 a,
C 10 b, ..., the process proceeds to the determination of C 10 n, the input voltage Vi (d
c) is compared with each of the reference voltages Va to Vn, and the input voltage Vi is compared.
(Dc) Converter device 1 with reference voltages Va to Vn above
It continues to operate in step C 14 for 6, Step C 13 a for the converter apparatus 16 of the low reference voltage Va~Vn than the input voltage Vi (dc), C 13 b , ..., C
13 The operation is stopped by n and the input voltage Vi (d
The point is that the number of operating converter devices 16 is increased or decreased according to c).
【００８３】なお、停電から復帰して連系運転に戻る際
は、図５に示すように、前記１形態と同様に動作する。
図５のステップＤ1〜Ｄ9は図３のステップＢ1〜Ｂ9と同
じステップである。When returning from a power failure and returning to the interconnection operation, the operation is the same as in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Steps D 1 to D 9 in FIG. 5 are the same as steps B 1 to B 9 in FIG.
【００８４】したがって、この実施の形態の場合、自立
運転中に各単位ユニット２ａ〜２ｎの太陽電池１の総発
電量が負荷１２の消費電力を上回ると、インバータ装置
１８の入力電圧Ｖｉ（ｄｃ）が過電圧にならないように
各コンバータ装置１６の運転台数を減らしながら、負荷
１２の給電が継続され、前記１形態の場合より一層良好
な負荷給電が行える。Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, if the total power generation of the solar cells 1 of the unit units 2a to 2n exceeds the power consumption of the load 12 during the self-sustaining operation, the input voltage Vi (dc) of the inverter device 18 The power supply to the load 12 is continued while reducing the number of operating converter devices 16 so that the voltage does not become overvoltage, so that more favorable load power supply can be performed than in the case of the first embodiment.
【００８５】ところで、電力系統９は単相又は３相等で
あってよく、例えば３相系統の場合は、インバータ装置
１８等が相毎に設けられる。The power system 9 may be a single-phase or three-phase system. For example, in the case of a three-phase system, an inverter device 18 and the like are provided for each phase.
【００８６】また、各コンバータ装置１６及びインバー
タ装置１８の制御方法等は前記両実施の形態のものに限
られるものではない。The control method and the like for each converter device 16 and inverter device 18 are not limited to those of the above-described two embodiments.
【００８７】そして、分散配置された各直流電源が燃料
電池等の太陽電池以外の種々の直流電源の場合にも本発
明を適用できるのは勿論である。The present invention can, of course, be applied to a case where the dispersed DC power supplies are various DC power supplies other than solar cells such as fuel cells.
【００８８】[0088]
【発明の効果】本発明は、以下に記載する効果を奏す
る。まず、請求項１の場合は、分散配置された各直流電
源（太陽電池１）の直流電力がそれぞれのコンバータ装
置１６により取出されて共通の１台のインバータ装置１
７に直流輸送され、各直流電源の直流電力が各コンバー
タ装置１７及び蓄電池２０を介してインバータ装置１８
により一括して並列運転，自立運転の交流電力に変換さ
れ、これらの交流電力により系統正常時及び系統異常時
の負荷給電が行われる。The present invention has the following effects. First, in the case of claim 1, the DC power of each DC power supply (solar cell 1) distributed and taken out is taken out by each converter device 16, and one common inverter device 1 is taken.
7, and the DC power of each DC power supply is supplied to the inverter device 18 via each converter device 17 and the storage battery 20.
Thus, the AC power is collectively converted into AC power for parallel operation and independent operation, and load power is supplied by these AC powers when the system is normal and when the system is abnormal.
【００８９】しかも、インバータ装置１８の直流入力側
に各コンバータ装置１６の直流出力により充電される共
通の蓄電池２０が設けられ、この蓄電池２０の直流電力
もインバータ装置１８に輸送される。Further, a common storage battery 20 that is charged by the DC output of each converter device 16 is provided on the DC input side of the inverter device 18, and the DC power of the storage battery 20 is also transported to the inverter device 18.
【００９０】この場合、各電流電源の電流電力を１台の
インバータ装置１８により一括して交流電力に変換する
構成であるため、各直流電源の直流電力を個別に交流電
力に変換する従来装置のような装置間の交流電力の位
相，電圧振幅の同期制御等の複雑な運転制御が不要であ
り、直流電源の数が多くなっても極めて簡単な制御で実
施することができる。In this case, since the current power of each current power supply is collectively converted into AC power by one inverter device 18, the conventional device that converts the DC power of each DC power supply into AC power individually is used. No complicated operation control such as synchronous control of the phase and voltage amplitude of AC power between the devices is required, and even if the number of DC power supplies increases, the control can be performed with extremely simple control.
【００９１】さらに、各直流電源が太陽電池等の発生量
が変動する電源であっても、各コンバータ装置１６の直
流電力により共通の蓄電池２０が充電され、この蓄電池
２０の充電電力がインバータ装置１８に供給されるた
め、蓄電池２０の安定な直流電力をインバータ装置１８
に供給し、各直流電源の電力を極めて有効に利用して交
流電力に変換することができ、その上、蓄電池２０が一
個所に設けられてそのメンテナンス等が容易であり、負
荷給電特性の優れた実用的な分散型電源装置を提供する
ことができる。Further, even if each DC power supply is a power supply whose generation amount such as a solar cell fluctuates, the common storage battery 20 is charged by the DC power of each converter device 16 and the charging power of the storage battery 20 is converted to the inverter device 18. Is supplied to the inverter device 18.
And the power of each DC power supply can be converted to AC power by using the power of each DC power supply very effectively. In addition, the storage battery 20 is provided at one place, its maintenance is easy, and the load power supply characteristic is excellent. Thus, a practical distributed power supply device can be provided.
【００９２】つぎに、請求項２の場合は、各ＤＣ／ＤＣ
コンバータ装置１６及びＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置１８
の共通の制御装置１９を備え、この制御装置１９によ
り、系統の正常，異常にしたがってインバータ装置１８
を連系運転，自立運転に制御したため、それらの具体的
な運転制御を提供することができる。Next, in the case of claim 2, each DC / DC
Converter device 16 and DC / AC inverter device 18
Of the inverter device 18 according to whether the system is normal or abnormal.
Are controlled to interconnected operation and independent operation, and therefore, specific operation control can be provided.
【００９３】そして、系統異常時に日照条件や負荷の変
動等によって、インバータ装置１８の入力電圧が過大に
なると、各コンバータ装置１６の運転が停止されてイン
バータ装置１８に供給される直流電力が蓄電池２０の電
力のみに低減されるため、インバータ装置１８の入力電
圧の過電圧を防止することができる。When the input voltage of the inverter device 18 becomes excessive due to a sunshine condition or a change in load when the system is abnormal, the operation of each converter device 16 is stopped and the DC power supplied to the inverter device 18 is stored in the storage battery 20. , The overvoltage of the input voltage of the inverter device 18 can be prevented.
【００９４】しかも、系統が異常から正常に復帰したと
きに、蓄電池２０が過放電状態であれば、蓄電池２０が
優先的に充電されるため、つぎの系統異常に備えること
ができる。Moreover, if the storage battery 20 is in an overdischarged state when the system returns from the abnormality to the normal state, the storage battery 20 is charged preferentially, so that it is possible to prepare for the next system abnormality.
【００９５】つぎに、請求項３の場合は、各ＤＣ／ＤＣ
コンバータ装置１６及びＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置１８
の共通の制御装置１９により、系統異常時にインバータ
装置１８の入力電圧が過電圧にならないように各コンバ
ータ装置１６の運転台数が増減調整されるため、インバ
ータ装置１８の入力電圧が過電圧にならないようにして
各直流電源を極めて効率よく利用することができ、請求
項２の場合より一層良好な負荷給電を行うことができ
る。Next, in the case of claim 3, each DC / DC
Converter device 16 and DC / AC inverter device 18
Since the number of operating converters 16 is increased or decreased by the common control device 19 so that the input voltage of the inverter device 18 does not become overvoltage at the time of a system abnormality, the input voltage of the inverter device 18 does not become overvoltage. Each DC power supply can be used extremely efficiently, and more favorable load power supply can be performed than in the case of the second aspect.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】本発明の実施の１形態の結線図である。FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の系統停電時の動作説明用のフローチャー
トである。FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of a system power failure in FIG. 1;
【図３】図１の系統復帰時の動作説明用のフローチャー
トである。FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of system return in FIG. 1;
【図４】本発明の実施の他の形態の系統停電時の動作説
明用のフローチャートである。FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of a system power failure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の実施の他の形態の系統復帰時の動作説
明用のフローチャートである。FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of system return according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】従来装置の結線図である。FIG. 6 is a connection diagram of a conventional device.
【符号の説明】 １ 太陽電池 ９ 電力系統 １２，１３ 負荷 １６ ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ装置 １８ ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ装置 ２０ 蓄電池[Description of Signs] 1 solar cell 9 power system 12, 13 load 16 DC / DC converter device 18 DC / AC inverter device 20 storage battery
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｈ０２Ｍ 7/48 Ｈ０１Ｌ 31/04 Ｋ (72)発明者 栄 紀雄 京都市右京区梅津高畝町47番地 日新電機 株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 5F051 JA17 KA03 KA04 KA07 5G003 AA06 BA01 CC02 DA04 DA18 GB03 GB06 5G015 GA11 HA02 HA16 JA05 JA21 JA32 JA47 JA52 JA64 5G066 HA06 HB04 HB06 HB09 HB20 5H007 AA17 BB07 CC01 DC03 FA02 GA09 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H02M 7/48 H01L 31/04 K (72) Inventor Norio Saka 47-Umezu Takaune-cho, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto Nissin Electric In-house F term (reference) 5F051 JA17 KA03 KA04 KA07 5G003 AA06 BA01 CC02 DA04 DA18 GB03 GB06 5G015 GA11 HA02 HA16 JA05 JA21 JA32 JA47 JA52 JA64 5G066 HA06 HB04 HB06 HB09 HB20 5H007 AA17 BB07 CC01 DC03 FA02 GA09
Claims (2)
に設けられ，直流連系運転により前記各直流電源から直
流電力を取出して出力する複数のＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ
装置と、 前記各コンバータ装置の直流出力が供給され，系統正常
時に電力系統に接続されて連系運転され、停電，電圧低
下等が発生する系統異常時に前記電力系統から切離され
て自立運転され，前記連系運転及び前記自立運転により
前記各コンバータ装置から供給された直流電力を交流電
力に変換して負荷給電する共通の１台のＤＣ／ＡＣイン
バータ装置とを備えたことを特徴とする分散型電源装
置。1. A plurality of DC / DC converter devices provided for each DC power supply such as a solar cell and the like which are distributed and arranged to extract and output DC power from each DC power supply by DC interconnection operation; DC output is supplied, connected to the power system when the system is normal, and connected to the power system, and disconnected from the power system when the system is abnormal due to power failure, voltage drop, etc., and operated independently. A distributed power supply device comprising: a common DC / AC inverter device that converts DC power supplied from each of the converter devices to AC power by self-sustaining operation and supplies power to a load.
に設けられて各コンバータ装置の直流出力により充電さ
れ，充電電力を前記インバータ装置に供給する共通の蓄
電池を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の分散型電
源装置。2. A common storage battery provided on a DC input side of a DC / AC inverter device, charged by a DC output of each converter device, and supplies charging power to the inverter device. 2. The distributed power supply device according to 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10277325A JP2000116010A (en) | 1998-09-30 | 1998-09-30 | Distributed power supply system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10277325A JP2000116010A (en) | 1998-09-30 | 1998-09-30 | Distributed power supply system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000116010A true JP2000116010A (en) | 2000-04-21 |
Family
ID=17581965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10277325A Pending JP2000116010A (en) | 1998-09-30 | 1998-09-30 | Distributed power supply system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000116010A (en) |
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