JP2000107625A - Bag breaking device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable performing bag breaking irrespective of the size of a bag consisting of packing material such as vinyl chloride packed with trash and also to prevent a situation in which the bag is discharged not broken as it is untreated as far as possible to improve efficiency. SOLUTION: An endless conveyor 2 (for example, a belt conveyor) having plural pawls 5 arranged along a moving part is arranged so that where the moving part on the upper side of the conveyor 2 to move is positioned at a height. Furthermore, a weir plate 4 whose one end part is brought into contact with or approaches the surface of the moving part on the upper side of the endless conveyor 2 and whose the other end is positioned outside the endless conveyor 2 is provided. The weir plate 4 is provided with a slit 4A through which the pawls 5 can pass. The pawls 5 are constituted so that they have elastic members and according to resistance applied to tiptoe parts thereof, they can be oscillated or raised and set to the side opposite to the moving direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bag breaking device for breaking a wrapping material such as a plastic bag for wrapping garbage and separating the garbage and the like from the wrapping material. The present invention relates to a technology that is effective when collecting reusable items from a collection garbage bag such as a collection bag.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, garbage recycling facilities for recycling recyclable materials, such as cans, bottles, and plastic bottles, out of collected garbage, use plastic bags and other collected garbage bags. These reusable materials are collected from inside.

[0003] In the past, workers have manually collected and collected recyclable garbage bags to collect reusable items. However, since the operation of breaking such bags is not easy, a mechanically crushed garbage bag is used. Bag devices have been proposed.

For example, in Japanese Patent No. 256131385, as shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of endless conveyors 60 having a plurality of narrow widths are arranged at intervals, and horn-like projections 61 are provided at a predetermined pitch in each of them. For the endless conveyor 60, a pressing plate 62 is provided at an appropriate position facing the surface of the conveyor 60 from above and swinging in the running direction of the conveyor 60. The pressing plate 62 is hooked on the projection 61 by the pressing plate 62 and fed. Disclosed is a bag disentangling device in which the movement of the garbage bag is elastically suppressed, and a receiving plate 63 for receiving the waste, which is the disassembled contents, is provided below and parallel to the conveyor 60.

[0005]

However, in the bag breaking technique disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2561385, at least the pressing plate 62 is movable with a lower pressure than at least the projection 61. If a hard object is bitten between 62, push the holding plate 62
The hard object is also scraped up together with the projection 61.

Therefore, when the hard object in the bag is bitten, the hard object passes through the holding plate 62 together with the bag, and the untreated bag is discharged from the apparatus. In addition, since the contents of the torn bag are discharged between the plurality of endless conveyors 60 to which the protrusions 61 are attached, the small bags are
Often, the bag itself gets stuck in the space between adjacent endless conveyors 60.

In such a case, the bag cannot sufficiently receive the pressure of the holding plate 62 and the protrusion 61, and the contents are scraped upward without being taken out of the bag. Is discharged from

Further, in addition to the contents packed in the packaging material (especially when waste is to be treated), when a large foreign substance or the like is thrown into the apparatus, the foreign substance or the like is removed by the projection 61 and the pressing plate. 62, and the device may stop in an emergency.

This is a bag breaking method in which the advance of the packaging material caught by the projection 61 is suppressed by the pressing plate 62, and the further progressing projection 61 tears the packaging material. When a foreign matter is caught between the pressure plate and the pressure plate, the holding plate 62 is swung to release the force.

For this reason, when foreign substances having a size exceeding the swing range of the pressing plate 62 are thrown into the apparatus, these foreign substances are lifted up by the advancing projections 61, and the projections 61 and the swing range maximum. Between the holding plate 62 that is swinging.

As a result, the progress of the projection 61 is hindered,
The driving device of the conveyor 60 to which the projection 61 is attached is stopped due to an electrical overload. Further, the operation of removing the foreign matter that has been cut by the mechanical force for driving the conveyor 60 to which the projection 61 is attached may require a lot of time and labor, and as a result, the whole plant is stopped and the continuous equipment is stopped. Can not be operated, and there is a problem that bag breaking work efficiency is poor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned technical problems, and it is possible to break a packaging material without being limited by the size of a packaging material such as a plastic bag for packaging garbage. At the same time, it is possible to avoid as much as possible a situation in which untreated waste is discharged without breaking, and even if a large foreign substance or the like is accidentally thrown in, continuous operation can be performed without interrupting the operation of the apparatus. It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient bag-breaking device, for example, in which bagging is possible.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, the bag breaking device according to the first aspect of the present invention forms a substantially continuous surface at least in an upper moving portion between a lower end and an upper end. An endless conveyor having a plurality of claws arranged along the moving portion is disposed so that the moving direction destination of the upper moving portion is located at a higher position, and one end portion is moved above the endless conveyor. Provide a blocking plate in contact with or close to the surface of the portion, the other end is located outside the upper moving unit, the blocking plate is provided with a slit through which the claw can pass, the claw, An elastic member is provided, which is configured to be capable of swinging or falling in a direction opposite to the moving direction in accordance with resistance applied to the toe.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bag breaking device, wherein a plurality of claws are formed along the moving portion, each of which has a substantially continuous surface at least in the upper moving portion between the lower end and the upper end. The two endless conveyors each having a position such that the moving direction destinations of the upper moving parts are positioned at a higher position, and the lower ends thereof approach each other at a predetermined interval, and the upper end parts are most separated from each other. Along with being disposed so as to face each other, for each endless conveyor, one end is in contact with or close to the surface of the upper moving part of the endless conveyor,
The other end is provided with a blocking plate located outside the upper moving unit, each blocking plate is provided with a slit through which each claw can pass, and each claw has an elastic member, It is characterized in that it is configured to be swingable or capable of falling up and down in the direction opposite to the moving direction according to the resistance applied to the toe.

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, a plurality of claws are formed along the moving portion, wherein a substantially continuous surface is formed at least in the upper moving portion between the lower end and the upper end. As an endless conveyor having a, a conveyor having a substantially continuous surface formed in a moving part such as a conveyor belt or a conveyor chain, for example, a flat top conveyor, an apron conveyor, a chain conveyor such as a bread conveyor or a belt conveyor, and a pawl. An example is provided in which the claw tip is provided outside the moving unit.

The "claw" means a projection, a hook, or the like having a square, plate, or linear shape. For example, a linear member such as a piano wire or a steel wire may be used. It is preferable to be inclined or hooked. In short, any material may be used as long as the tip bites into a part of the packaging material such as a bag and hooks the packaging material, or the tip contacts the packaging material and breaks the packaging material by shearing force.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the plurality of claws are
It is characterized by being arranged in a plurality of rows along the moving part of the endless conveyor.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the endless conveyor is disposed so as to be inclined such that one side of the endless conveyor in a direction perpendicular to the moving part direction is located higher than the other side. An inlet is provided on the side of the unit.

The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that a bulky material discharge port is provided on the other lower side of the endless conveyor.

[0020] The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the pawl is attached to a lower side of a moving portion of the endless conveyor, with a tip portion of the claw upper side.

In the invention according to claim 6, the moving part means a slat, an apron, a pan or a pallet in a chain conveyor, a belt in a belt conveyor, and the like.

The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that a swinging means for swinging the dam plate with the other end as a fulcrum is provided.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the dam plate is divided into a plurality of parts in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the endless conveyor.
The slit is provided at one end of each divided dam plate, and a swinging means is provided for swinging each divided dam plate around the other end as a fulcrum.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the swinging means comprises a spring. The operation of the present invention will be described.

In the invention according to the first aspect, for example, a packaging material such as a plastic bag containing garbage (cans, bottles, plastic bottles, kitchen garbage, etc.) (hereinafter simply referred to as a bag) is charged from a charging chute or the like. Then, the bag falls on the inclined endless conveyor, is hooked on the claws from the lower part to the upper part, and is lifted upward. The claws try to pass through the slits in the fixed dam plate while the bag is hooked.

Only slits smaller than the slit width, that is, soft objects such as claws and bags hooked on the slits, can pass through the slits of the blocking plate. I can't pass.

Therefore, the bag filled with dust is suppressed from passing through the slit, while the bag caught on the nail is torn with the movement of the nail. The bag is torn and the garbage comes out of the bag while the bag filled with the garbage is suppressed from passing through the slit and the bag caught on the nail is repeatedly torn by the claw several times.

The bag from which the dust has completely come out passes through the blocking plate while being caught by the claws, is drawn into the lower moving portion of the endless conveyor, and is moved by gravity to, for example, a discharge chute. Fall.

The refuse coming out of the bag falls to a discharge section at the lower end of the endless conveyor, and is discharged out of the apparatus by, for example, a discharge conveyor disposed therebelow. In this case, the endless conveyor has a structure in which a substantially continuous surface is formed at least in the upper moving portion between the lower end and the upper end, that is,
For example, flat top conveyor, apron conveyor,
Claws provided on chain conveyors such as bread conveyors and belt conveyors are structured so that they go from the lower part to the upper part, so small debris etc. fall down on the almost continuous surface of the endless conveyor without scattering. And head to the discharge section.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned substantially continuous surface means that even if there is a gap of, for example, 10 mm or less, preferably 5 mm or less between the slats and the surface is not a completely continuous surface, the above-described action occurs. In, the substantially continuous surface is to be understood in the broadest sense, and the presence of the gap is also a substantially continuous surface.

In particular, according to the first aspect of the present invention, as a result of the claw having an elastic member, the claw can be swung or turned upside down in the moving direction according to the resistance applied to the toe. When a hard object is caught between the claw on the endless conveyor and the slit of the dam plate, when a force greater than a predetermined force acts on the claw, the claw moves in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the endless conveyor. This removes the hard material that has caught between the slit of the dam plate and the claw, and the hard material falls to the bottom side of the endless conveyor due to the action of gravity, for example, a discharge conveyor or the like disposed below the end conveyor. Is discharged out of the apparatus.

Further, even when a coarse material (hard material) or the like larger than the discharge portion at the lower end of the endless conveyor is thrown in, the above-mentioned bite preventing action prevents the coarse material from being caught. In the invention according to claim 2, when the bag is thrown in from a throwing chute or the like, the bag falls on a valley between the endless conveyors that are installed so as to be inclined to form a substantially V shape and face each other. The dropped bag is caught by each claw from the bottom to the top of each endless conveyor, and as each claw of both endless conveyors moves, for example, the bottom of the bag is torn on both sides, and dust in the bag is discharged. Is done.

The discharged trash falls toward the valley,
The paper is discharged from the discharge portion between the endless conveyors to the outside of the apparatus by, for example, a discharge conveyor disposed below the discharge portion. The large or two or more pieces of the bags torn as described above may be caught by the claws of both endless conveyors, or may be caught by one endless conveyor of the torn bags. The strong one is hooked on this one claw and is lifted up. The claws try to pass through the slits in the fixed dam plate while the bag is hooked.

Only slits smaller than the slit width, that is, soft nails and bags that are hooked on the nails, can pass through the slits of the blocking plate. I can't pass.

Accordingly, the bag filled with dust is prevented from passing through the slit, while the bag caught on the nail is torn with the movement of the nail. The bag is torn and the garbage comes out of the bag while the bag filled with the garbage is suppressed from passing through the slit and the bag caught on the nail is repeatedly torn by the claw several times.

The bag from which the dust has completely come out passes through the dam plate while being caught by the claws, is drawn into the lower moving portion of the endless conveyor, and is moved by gravity to, for example, a discharge chute. Fall.

The refuse that has come out of the bag falls to the discharge section at the lower end of the inclined endless conveyor, and is discharged out of the apparatus by, for example, a discharge conveyor disposed therebelow. The bag breaking device in which the endless conveyors are arranged on both sides of the invention according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the claw of the endless conveyors on both sides tears around the lower end of the conveyor and the claw and the dam plate around the upper end of the conveyor. As a result, an endless conveyor is disposed only on one side, and the bag-breaking device can exhibit twice or more the bag-breaking capacity as compared with a bag-breaking device that breaks the bag by the action of the claw and the dam plate.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2,
As a result of the claw having an elastic member and being configured to be capable of swinging or falling in the direction opposite to the moving direction according to the resistance applied to the toe portion, the claw on the endless conveyor and the slit of the dam plate are formed. When a hard object is caught in the gap, if a force greater than a predetermined value acts on the claw, the claw moves in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the endless conveyor, so that the claw is caught between the slit of the dam plate and the claw. The hard object is removed, and the hard object falls to the bottom side of the endless conveyor by the action of gravity and is discharged out of the apparatus by, for example, a discharge conveyor disposed below the endless conveyor.

Further, even when a coarse material (hard material) or the like larger than the discharge portion at the lower end of the endless conveyor is thrown in, the above-mentioned bite preventing action prevents the bite of the coarse material. In the invention according to claim 3, the plurality of claws are
Since the plurality of rows are arranged along the moving section of the endless conveyor, the processing efficiency is improved as compared with a single row.

In the invention according to claim 4, the endless conveyor is disposed so as to be inclined such that one side portion in a direction orthogonal to the moving portion direction is located higher than the other side portion. Since the bag inlet is provided on the side of the part, the bag is detached from the nail with the incompletely broken bag and falls down along the slope of the endless conveyor, or a smaller bag inside In the same manner, the bag dropped in the direction approaching the other side of the endless conveyor located at a lower position, for example, in the invention according to claim 5, the coarse material provided at the lower other side of the endless conveyor. It falls in the direction approaching the discharge port, and is repeatedly subjected to the bag breaking action by the action of the claw and the blocking plate provided in this direction.

In the invention according to claim 5,
Even if a large object (hard object) larger than the discharge part at the lower end of the endless conveyor is thrown in, the large object repeats up and down movement in the apparatus, and is gradually provided on the lower end side of the endless conveyor. It is sent in a direction approaching the provided bulky material outlet, and is discharged out of the apparatus from the bulky material outlet.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the claw is mounted below the moving portion of the endless conveyor with the tip (toe) facing upward, unnecessary protrusions and depressions are formed above the moving portion of the endless conveyor. Is prevented as much as possible, and there is no danger of the bag or small dust coming out of the bag being caught as in the case where the claw is attached to the upper side of the slat via the attachment seat.

In the invention according to claim 7, when a hard object is caught between the blocking plate and the endless conveyor, when a certain set force acts on the blocking plate, the blocking plate swings. In this way, it is possible to release the bite and perform the processing continuously without stopping the apparatus.

In the invention according to claim 8, when a hard object is caught between the divided blocking plate and the endless conveyor, when a predetermined force acts on the divided blocking plate, the divided blocking plate swings. By moving it, the bite can be released, and the processing can be continuously performed without stopping the apparatus.

In addition, since the blocking plate is divided into a plurality of parts, when a hard object is caught, only the divided blocking plate caught by the hard object becomes movable, and the other divided blocking plates are movable. ,
It functions without being affected by this, and a reduction in processing capacity can be minimized.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the oscillating means includes a spring, there is no need to consider the timing of oscillating or the like, so that the mechanism is simple.

[0047]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are:
This is an example in which the bag breaking device of the present invention is applied to a recycling facility for separately collected garbage.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a bag breaking device according to a first embodiment comprises a main body casing 1 and an endless conveyor 2.
And a dam plate 4. The endless conveyor 2 has a configuration in which a plurality of claws 5 are arranged along a moving part such as a conveyor belt or a conveyor chain, and the main body is arranged such that the moving direction of the upper moving part is located at a higher position. It is arranged in the casing 1.

The endless conveyor 2 is a belt conveyor in the present embodiment, and has a configuration in which claws 5 are provided along the moving direction outside the belt 2A as a moving unit. It is configured as follows.

That is, a driving roller 7 and a driven roller 8 are respectively provided along the horizontal direction at a lower portion and a driven roller 8 is provided at an upper portion in parallel with each other. The part is rotatably supported by the main body casing 1.

One end 7A of the drive roller 7 penetrates the wall of the main casing 1 and protrudes outward, and the protruding end is connected to the drive shaft 15A of the drive motor 15.
On the upper surface of the belt 2A of the endless conveyor 2, a large number of claws 5 are attached at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of each of a plurality of rows orthogonal to the moving direction of the endless conveyor 2.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, five nails 5 are attached to one nail row a on the upper surface of the belt 2A located on the upper side, and one nail row adjacent to this one nail row a is provided. Four nails 5 are attached to the nail row b so as to be located between the nails 5 in the nail rows a provided with the five nails 5, respectively.

As described above, the arrangement of the two forms of the nail rows a and b is sequentially repeated, and a large number of rows each having a large number of claws 5 are arranged on the belt 2A. In this case, the claws 5 in each of the claw rows a to which the five claws 5 are attached are aligned so as to form a row along the moving direction of the endless conveyor 2. Also, each nail row b to which four nails 5 are attached
Are also arranged in a row along the moving direction of the endless conveyor 2. Thus, in the present embodiment, the plurality of claws 5 are arranged in a plurality of rows along the moving portion of the endless conveyor 2.

The example in which the pawl 5 is provided on the belt 2A of the belt conveyor is shown as an example in which the pawl 5 is provided on the moving part of the endless conveyor 2, but the moving part is a strip-shaped plate of a chain conveyor. The slat may be a corrugated apron attached to the chain, a dish-shaped pan attached to the chain, or a belt on a pallet or belt conveyor of various shapes attached to the chain.

When the slats, aprons, pans, pallets, etc. are used, adjacent slats, aprons, pans, pallets, etc. must be at least endless except for the part where the chain to which they are attached is bent and deformed. In the upper moving portion between the lower end portion and the upper end portion of the conveyor 2, the end surfaces are close to each other and form a substantially continuous one surface. As a result, the small refuse 31A that has come out of the bag slides on the substantially continuous surface and falls, and heads to a discharge section described later. Therefore, even if there is a gap of 10 mm or less, preferably 5 mm or less between each adjacent slat, apron, bread, pallet, etc., even if it is not a completely continuous surface, small dust 31A may fall from the gap. Because of the small number, the gap may be regarded as a substantially continuous surface.

Next, the structure of the claw 5 and the mounting structure of the claw 5 to the belt 2A will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, the claw 5 is formed of a plate-like member having a toe 5A bent at one end in the moving direction of the claw 5, and a support hole (not shown) is formed at the other end. ing.

That is, a mounting seat 21 for mounting the claw 5 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the belt 2A. The mounting seat 21 includes a bottom plate 21a, a pair of side plates 21b projecting upward from both ends of the bottom plate 21a, and a pin 21c inserted between the both side plates 21b.

In this embodiment, the claw 5 has an elastic member, and is configured to be swingable or tiltable in a direction opposite to the moving direction according to the resistance applied to the toe 5A. And the elastic member are separated from each other.

That is, the claw 5 is
The support hole is inserted into and supported by c, while one end of the torsion coil spring 22 as an elastic member is locked by the mounting seat 21 and the other end is locked by the claw 5.

When the nail 5 falls down, the belt 2A
From the slit 2a formed on the lower surface side of the belt 2A. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, a box-shaped mounting seat 21 'having an open top is used in place of the mounting seat 21 of the embodiment of FIG. 3, and the torsion coil spring of the embodiment of FIG. 22 instead of the claw 5
And a coil spring 22 'connected to the inner wall of the mounting seat 21' at the other end.

In the above embodiment, the claw 5 and the torsion coil springs 22 and the coil springs 22 ', which are elastic members, are separated from each other. May be constituted by the same wire and integrated.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the coil spring portion 22A is engaged with the mounting seat 21 while being supported by being inserted into the pin 21c.
What is necessary is just to make it the wire part which overhangs from A become the nail | claw part 22B.

As described above, the endless conveyor 2 having the plurality of claws 5 arranged along the moving section is inclined so that the moving direction of the upper moving section is located at a higher position, and It is disposed and fixed in the main body casing 1 at an angle so that one side in the direction orthogonal to the direction of the moving part is positioned higher than the other side.

On the other hand, the blocking plate 4 is disposed so as to be inclined such that one end thereof is in contact with or close to the belt 2A and the other end is located outside the belt 2A, and the claw 5 can pass therethrough. The slit 4A is provided.

In this case, the slits 4A are located above the belt 2A, corresponding to five of the nail rows a in which five claws 5 are provided on the moving portion located above the belt 2A. A total of nine slits 4A are provided corresponding to four of the nail rows b in which four nails 5 are provided on the moving part.

In this embodiment, the blocking plate 4
Is provided with a swinging means for swinging with the end opposite to the endless conveyor 2 as a fulcrum. In this case, the blocking plate 4 has a rear end rotatably supported at its rear end and a pair of springs 2 whose front ends are provided on the inner wall of the main body casing 1 as the oscillating means and are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.
3 supported.

Further, a rod-shaped stopper 24 for restricting the rotation of the dam plate 4 by the elastic force of each spring 23 is provided. Here, the lower end of the endless conveyor 2 serves as a discharge portion for the contents of the bag. In the present embodiment, a cutout having a shape inclined in a direction opposite to the inclination direction of the endless conveyor 2 and having a lower end hanging down. A chute 25 is provided, and an interval portion 26 constituting a discharge unit is provided by a hanging portion 25B of the cut-out chute 25 and a lower end of the endless conveyor 2.

That is, the cutting chute 25 is
5A and a hanging portion 25B which is curved and connected to the lower end portion of the inclined portion 25A and is suspended therefrom. The hanging portion 25B is disposed in the main body casing 1 so as to face the endless conveyor 2, and It is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the casing 1.

The lower end of the endless conveyor 2 and the hanging portion 25B of the cut-out chute 25 are opposed to each other via a predetermined space 26 serving as a discharge portion. Next, the structure of the main casing 1 in which the endless conveyor 2 and the dam plate 4 are disposed as described above will be described.

That is, the main body casing 1 is supported on the installation surface by supporting feet (not shown). As described above, the endless conveyor 2 is disposed so as to be inclined such that one side of the endless conveyor 2 in a direction orthogonal to the moving portion direction is positioned higher than the other side, and the higher end of the endless conveyor 2 An input port is provided on the side of the section. Specifically, a charging chute 27 as a charging port is provided on a side wall of the main body casing 1 on one side of the high end of the endless conveyor 2.

In this case, the charging chute 27 is opened in a space defined by the endless conveyor 2 and the cutting chute 25. A discharge chute 28 as a discharge port is provided below the endless conveyor 2 at the bottom of the main casing 1.

Further, a discharge conveyor 29 is disposed below the space 26 serving as a discharge portion at the bottom of the main body casing 1. The discharge conveyor 29 is provided at the interval 2
6 are arranged obliquely along the length direction.

On the other side of the lower end of the endless conveyor 2, a bulky material outlet is provided. Specifically, a bulky material discharge chute 30 as a bulky material discharge port is provided on a side wall of the main body casing 1 on the side of the lower other side of the endless conveyor 2, and a lower end of the bulky material discharge chute 30. The discharge conveyor 29 is located above the discharge port 30A.
Are disposed so as to protrude.

The bending angle of the above-mentioned claw 5 and the blocking plate 4
The width and the like of the slit 4A will be described later in detail. Next, the operation of the bag breaking device having such a configuration will be described.

For example, a packaging material (hereinafter, referred to as a plastic bag) containing garbage (cans, bottles, plastic bottles, kitchen garbage, etc.)
When a bag 31 is thrown into the space defined by the endless conveyor 2 and the cutout chute 25 from the feeding chute 27, the bag 31 falls onto the inclined endless conveyor 2,
The claw 5 is hooked from the lower part to the upper part, and is lifted upward (see FIG. 6A). The claw 5 is fixed to the slit 4A of the blocking plate 4 while the bag 31 is hooked.
(See FIG. 6B).

Those that can pass through the slit 4A of the dam plate 4 are smaller than the slit 4A width,
However, hard litter such as cans, bottles, and plastic bottles wider than the slit 4A cannot pass through the slit 4A only with a soft material such as the bag 31 hooked on the slit 4A.

Therefore, the bag 31 filled with the garbage is
A while the passage of A is suppressed, the bag 3 caught on the nail 5
1 is torn with the movement of the nail 5 (FIG. 6 (C),
(D)).

The bag 31 filled with such garbage is formed by the slit 4A.
Is repeated and the action that the bag 31 hooked on the nail 5 is torn by the nail 5 is repeated several times, the bag 31 is torn, and the dust 31A comes out of the bag 31.

The bag 31 from which the refuse 31A has completely exited passes through the blocking plate 4 while being caught by the claws 5 and is drawn into the lower moving section of the endless conveyor 2, and is subjected to the action of gravity. It falls to the discharge chute 28.

The refuse 31A that has come out of the bag 31 slips between the adjacent claws 5 and falls to the bottom of the inclined endless conveyor 2, and is disposed below the space 26 (discharge section) through the gap 26 (discharge section). Oversize discharge chute 3 by discharge conveyor 29
0, and the outlet 3 of the bulky material chute 30
It is discharged out of the device from 0A. In addition, the discharge conveyor 29
If the discharge destination is not the bulky material discharge chute 30, the dust 31A and the bulky material can be collected separately.

Here, in the present embodiment, the endless conveyor 2 is disposed so as to be inclined such that one side of the endless conveyor 2 in the direction orthogonal to the moving part direction is located higher than the other side. Since the input chute 27 of the bag 31 is provided on the side of the side, the bag 31 which has come off from the claw 5 and falls down along the inclination of the endless conveyor 2 with the incompletely broken bag, and further inside. A bag 31 that has also fallen with a small bag in it
Falls in the direction of the other side of the endless conveyor 2 located at the lower position, that is, in the direction approaching the bulky material discharge chute 30 provided on the side of the lower end of the endless conveyor 2 and is provided in this direction. By the action of the claw 5 and the blocking plate 4, the bag is repeatedly broken.

Here, the claw 5 has an elastic member (a torsion coil spring 22) and is configured to be able to swing or fall in the direction opposite to the moving direction according to the resistance applied to the toe 5A. As a result, the claw 5 on the endless conveyor 2 and the dam plate 4
When a hard object is caught between the belt 2 and a predetermined force or more acts on the claw 5, the claw 5 moves in a direction of being inserted into the slit 2a of the belt 2A (a direction in which the claw 5 is hidden from the endless conveyor 2), and is blocked. The hard material caught between the plate 4 and the claw 5 is removed, and the hard material falls to the bottom side of the endless conveyor 2 by the action of gravity, and is disposed below the space portion 26 (discharge portion) through the space portion 26 (discharge portion). It is discharged by the discharged discharge conveyor 29.

Therefore, the processing can be continuously performed without damaging the claws 5 and the dam plate 4. The operation of removing the hard object will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 10A, a hard object 32 larger than the slit 4A is carried by the raised claw 5 in the slit 4A direction. As shown in FIG.
When the hard object 32 bites between the damper 4 and the dam plate 4, the claw 5 rotates in the direction opposite to the traveling direction against the elastic force of the elastic member and falls down.

As shown in FIG. 9C, the hard object 32 escapes from between the claw 5 and the dam plate 4 as the claw 5 rotates. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 3D, the claw 5 advances through the slit 4A of the dam plate 4.

[0086] By such an operation, the hard material 32 caught between the blocking plate 4 and the claw 5 can be removed, and processing can be continuously performed without damaging the claw 5 and the blocking plate 4. Further, when a coarse material (hard material) or the like larger than the interval portion 26 (discharge portion) is input, the large-size material is prevented from being caught by the above-described biting prevention action, and the endless conveyor 2 is moved by the same. Since one side portion in the direction perpendicular to the moving portion direction is disposed so as to be higher than the other side portion, the bulky material is moved upward by the claw 5 by the claw 5 and the blocking plate 4 in the apparatus. Repeated up and down movement by falling from the vicinity,
It is gradually fed in a direction approaching a bulky matter discharge chute 30 provided on the lower side of the endless conveyor 2 on the other side, and is discharged from the bulky matter discharge chute 30 to the outside of the apparatus.

Further, since the claw 5 shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 to 5 is attached to the lower side of the belt 2A which is the moving part of the endless conveyor 2, it is unnecessary above the belt 2A which is the moving part. Such unevenness can be avoided as much as possible, and there is no possibility that a bag or small dust coming out of the bag will be caught as in the case where the claw 5 is mounted on the upper side of the belt via the mounting seat.

Next, a bag breaking device according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, two endless conveyors 2 and 2 ′ each having a dam plate 4 are provided, and the moving direction destination of each upper moving unit is located at a higher position, and each of the upper moving units is located at a higher position. The lower ends are arranged to face each other at a predetermined interval, and the upper ends are opposed to each other such that the upper ends are most separated from each other. That is, the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'are installed so as to face each other at an angle so as to form a substantially V-shape.

Similarly to the first embodiment, each of the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'is inclined so that one side in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the moving section is positioned higher than the other side. Is established. Weir plate 4 provided on each endless conveyor 2, 2 '
Is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment denote the same parts, and a description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the lower ends of the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'are opposed to each other via a predetermined interval 33 serving as a discharge section. Next, the structure of the main casing 34 in which the two endless conveyors 2 and 2 'and the respective blocking plates 4 are disposed will be described.

That is, although not shown, the main body casing 34 is supported on the installation surface by supporting feet. As described above, each of the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'is disposed so as to be inclined such that one side portion in a direction orthogonal to the moving portion direction is positioned higher than the other side portion. , 2 'is provided at a position between the endless conveyors 2, 2' on the side wall of the main body casing 34 on one side of the higher side.

In this case, the charging chute is opened in a space defined by both endless conveyors 2 and 2 '. Discharge chutes 36 are provided at positions below the endless conveyors 2, 2 'at the bottom of the main casing 34, respectively.

Further, a discharge conveyor 37 is provided below the space (discharge portion) 33 at the bottom of the main casing 34. The discharge conveyor 37 is disposed so as to be inclined along the length direction of the interval section (discharge section) 33.

Although not shown, both endless conveyors 2,
A bulk discharge chute is provided on the side wall of the main body casing 34 on the side of the lower side 2 ′, between the endless conveyors 2 and 2 ′.

Next, the operation of the bag breaking device having such a configuration will be described. When the bag 31 is thrown in from the throwing chute,
The bag 31 that has fallen into a valley between the endless conveyors 2 and 2 ′, which are installed so as to face each other while being inclined so as to form a substantially V-shape, is dropped from the bottom to the top on each endless conveyor 2 and 2 ′. And the bottom of the bag 31 is torn, for example, with the movement of the claws 5 of both endless conveyors 2, 2 ', and the dust 31A in the bag 31 is discharged.

The discharged garbage falls toward the valley,
The paper is discharged from a gap (discharge part) 33 between the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'by a discharge conveyor 37 disposed below the space.

Of the bags 31 torn at the lower ends of the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'as described above, a large one or two or more torn pieces are hooked on the claws 5 of the endless conveyors 2 and 2'. Alternatively, of the torn bags 31, one of the endless conveyors 2 or 2 'which is strongly caught by the claw 5 is caught by this one claw 5 and is scraped upward. With the claws 5 hooked on the bag 31,
An attempt is made to pass through the slit 4A of the fixed dam plate 4.

In each of the endless conveyors 2 and 2 ′, what can pass through the slit 4 A of the dam plate 4 is smaller than the width of the slit 4 A, that is, the claw 5 and the soft material such as the bag 31 hooked on this. Hard dust larger than the width of the slit 4A alone cannot pass through the slit 4A.

Therefore, the bag 31 filled with the garbage is
A while the passage of A is suppressed, the bag 3 caught on the nail 5
1 is torn with the movement of the nail 5. The bag 31 filled with dust is prevented from passing through the slit 4A, and the nail 5
The bag 31 is torn and the garbage comes out of the bag 31 while repeating the action of tearing the bag 31 caught by the nail 5 by the nail 5 several times.

The bag 31 from which the dust has completely come out passes through the dam plate 4 while being caught by the claws 5, and passes through the endless conveyor 2.
It is drawn into the lower moving portion 2 ′ and falls by the action of gravity onto the discharge chutes 36,36.

The refuse 31A that has come out of the bag 31 slips between the adjacent claws 5 and falls to the bottom of the inclined endless conveyors 2, 2 ', and the discharge conveyor 37 provided below the endless conveyors 2, 2'.
Is discharged by.

In the bag breaking device in which the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'are arranged on both sides of the second embodiment, the claw 5 of the endless conveyors 2 and 2' on both sides as described above is used in the vicinity of the lower end of both endless conveyors. Due to the tearing action and the action of the pawl 5 and the blocking plate 4 around the upper end portions of both endless conveyors, compared with the bag breaking device in which the endless conveyor 2 is arranged on one side in the first embodiment,
Demonstrates more than double bag breaking capacity.

The functions and effects of the second embodiment other than those described above are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Next, the dimensions and the like of each part in the bag breaking device according to the first embodiment and the bag breaking device according to the second embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

The nail 5 may be linear, but in this embodiment, the toe 5A of the nail 5 is bent in the moving direction of the nail 5, and the bending angle θ is 30 ° to 80 °.
°, preferably in the range of 45 ° to 60 °.

As the bending angle θ approaches 60 °,
Since it is easy for the claws 5 to hook the bag 31, the bag breaking efficiency is increased. If the angle is smaller than the above range, the claw 5
As a result, the bag 31 can be easily hooked and damaged, and the time required for breaking the bag increases. That is, the processing capacity decreases.

When the angle is larger than the angle in the above range, when the solid is caught between the blocking plate 4 and the claw 5, the claw 5
It is difficult to smoothly release solids even when the slab moves, and as a result, trash is damaged.

The length a of the bent portion is 10 mm to 50 mm.
mm, preferably in the range of 25 mm to 35 mm. When the length a of the bent portion is shorter than the length in the above range, the bag 31 is easily caught by the claws 5 and is easily damaged, and the time required for breaking the bag becomes longer. That is, the processing capacity decreases.

If the length a of the bent portion is longer than the above range, there is the following problem. That is, in order for the swinging claw 5 to pass smoothly without contacting the slit 4A of the dam plate 4, the locus of the tip of the swinging claw 5 is farthest from the surface of the endless conveyor 2 perpendicular to the end. The slit length corresponding to the length to the position is necessary, and as the length a of the bent portion increases, a portion of the slit 4A of the dam plate 4 through which the claw 5 does not pass when the claw 5 is not in the swinging state. Becomes longer.

[0109] The longer the portion of the slit 4A through which the nail 5 does not pass, the less the chance of being scraped off by the nail 5 in a normal state is reduced, so that the bag 31 tends to remain entangled with the slit 4A (apparatus). Although it does not hinder the operation of). In addition, the size of the dam plate 4 itself becomes excessively large by the length of the slit.

Further, the thickness b of the nail is preferably as thin as the strength of the nail allows, but is realistic, for example, about 3 mm to 10 mm. Next, the relationship between the dam plate 4 and the endless conveyor 2 will be described.

The angle φ between the dam plate 4 and the endless conveyor is set to 60 to 100 degrees, preferably 70 to 85 degrees. In this case, the angle φ between the dam plate 4 and the endless conveyor 2 (FIG. 6)
When (A) is set to an acute angle (less than 90 degrees), the blocking plate 4
The bag 31 entangled with the slit 4 </ b> A is easily scraped off by the nail 5.

That is, the bag 31 carried by the claw 5 is pressed against the blocking plate 4, and
A, but when the angle φ between the blocking plate 4 and the endless conveyor is made acute, the bag 31 pressed against the blocking plate 4 by the claw 5 receives the reaction of the blocking plate 4, Since it is pressed and held by the endless conveyor side without escaping from the dam plate 4, it can be accurately hooked with the claw 5.

Further, the relationship between the claw 5 and the dam plate 4 will be described. The nail effective length c (FIG. 3B), which is the vertical height of the nail above the endless conveyor of the nail 5, is 100 mm to 20 mm.
0 mm.

The optimum value of the nail effective length c of the nail 5 differs depending on the size of the bag 31. If there is a width in the size of the bag 31 to be processed, it is also effective to combine nails 5 of several lengths.

The slit width d of the blocking plate 4 is set so that only the claws 5 and the broken bag 31 pass, and is 15 mm to 40 m.
m is preferably 20 mm to 35 mm. The gap between the claw 5 and the slit 4A of the blocking plate 4 is 5 m on each side of the claw.
m or more is preferably secured.

When the slit width d is small, it is difficult for the broken bag 31 to pass through the slit 4A of the dam plate 4, and the broken bag 31 is not discharged smoothly. This leads to a reduction in bag efficiency.

When the slit width d is large, the slit 4
Garbage passes through the bag A together with the bag 31, and an incompletely broken bag with the bag 31 still containing the dust is generated. Further, since the tip of the claw 5 is inclined, the inclined claw 5 must pass through the end of the claw 5 and the endless conveyor surface in order to smoothly pass without contacting the slit 4A of the dam plate 4. A minimum slit length is required, and the distance e between the slit 4A of the blocking plate 4 and the tip of the claw 5 does not matter if it is too narrow. When passing through the slit 4A, the passing area is widened, and the passage of the bag 31 becomes easier.

Next, an interval (discharge portion) 26 between the lower end of the endless conveyor 2 and the hanging portion 25B of the cutting chute 25 in the first embodiment, and between the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'in the second embodiment. The interval section (discharge section) 33 will be described.

The smaller the space portions 26 and 33 are as small as possible within a range where the waste to be treated can be discharged, the smaller the bag containing the waste can be discharged without being caught by the claws 5. Less.

When the object is garbage, such as cans, bottles, and plastic bottles, the above interval is 150 mm to 40 mm.
0 mm, preferably 180 mm to 280 mm. In the above embodiment, the example in which only the plurality of claws 5 are provided on the endless conveyors 2 and 2 ′ is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the bag 31 may be cut in place of some of the plurality of claws 5. It is a matter of course that a blade that can be used may be provided.

Further, in the above embodiment, the moving portions of the endless conveyors 2 and 2 'are formed linearly.
As shown in FIG. 10, an endless conveyor having a moving part whose intermediate part is convex downward and concave upward, and a moving part whose intermediate part is concave downward and convex upward as shown in FIG. good.

In the endless conveyor as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, since there is a curved moving portion, although not shown, a belt guide is arranged above and below the belt to move the belt while bending the belt. It is configured to guide along the part.

Further, in the case where two endless conveyors 2 and 2 'are provided as in the second embodiment, the moving portions of both endless conveyors 2 and 2' may have the same shape or different shapes. Also, the moving speed of the two endless conveyors 2, 2 '
The same speed is preferred, but may be different.

Further, the waste discharge conveyors 29, 37
Does not need to be installed independently, extend the conveyor that conveys garbage to the next process to the lower part of the discharge section,
The garbage discharge conveyors 29 and 37 may also be used.

In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the endless conveyor 2 is installed so as to face the cutout chute 25 and the configuration in which the two endless conveyors 2 and 2 'are installed so as to face each other have been described. A cutting device, for example, rolls 64 and 65 in FIG.

That is, as shown in FIG. 11, a large-diameter cut-out roller 25C is provided at the lower end of the inclined portion 25A of the cut-out chute 25, and the cut-out roller 25C is connected to the lower end of the endless conveyor 2 by a discharge unit. Are opposed to each other via a predetermined space portion 26.

The following configuration can be considered as a countermeasure against biting of a hard object between the claw 5 and the dam plate 4. That is,
As shown in FIG. 12, the blocking plate 4 is divided into a plurality of portions in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the endless conveyor 2, that is, in a lateral direction, and each of the divided blocking plates 4 </ b> B has an end farthest from the endless conveyor 2. A swing means for swinging with the portion as a fulcrum is provided, and a slit 4C is provided.

In this case, each of the divided dam plates 4B is disposed such that its tip is close to the endless conveyor, its end is rotatably supported, and its tip is attached to the inner wall of the main body casing 1 by the rocking means. And supported by a spring 38.

Further, a rod-shaped stopper 39 for restricting the rotation of each of the divided blocking plates 4B by the elastic force of each spring 38 is provided. According to such a configuration,
As a result of fixing the divided blocking plate 4B movably in the circumferential direction around the fulcrum at the end thereof, a certain setting is set when a hard object is caught between the divided blocking plate 4B and the endless conveyor 2. When a force acts on the divided weir plate 4B, it moves so that the bite can be released, and processing can be continuously performed without stopping the apparatus.

[0130] The claw 5, the blocking plate 4 (divided blocking plate 4B)
The following conditions are generally set assuming that there is no trouble such as operation and damage of the apparatus. Claws; set not to damage debris Weir plate: Set so that the endless conveyor does not stop due to electrical overload. The blocking plate is set so as not to move when it is bitten.

The operation will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the hard object 39 is carried toward the dam plate 4 by the claw 5 in the raised state.

[0132] As shown in FIG.
The hard material 39 bites between the damper 4 and the barrier plate 4. As shown in FIG. 1C, the rigid object 3 is moved by the movement of the endless conveyor 2.
Numeral 9 pushes back the divided blocking plate 4B against the elastic force of the spring 38, that is, moves down the divided blocking plate 4B.

As shown in FIG. 14D, after the hard object 39 has passed between the endless conveyor and the divided blocking plate 4B, the divided blocking plate 4B is returned to the original position by the elastic force of the spring 38. Return.

By such an operation, processing can be continuously performed without stopping the apparatus. In addition, since the blocking plate 4 is configured to be divided into a plurality of parts, when a hard object is caught, the divided blocking plate 4B is caught by the hard object.
Only, and the other divided weir plate 4B functions without being affected by this, and a reduction in processing capacity can be minimized.

[0135] In addition to the claims described in the claims, the following claims can be further mentioned in the above embodiments. <10> The bag breaking device according to claim 7, wherein the other end of the dam plate is rotatably supported, and one end of the dam plate is supported by a spring as the swinging means. apparatus.

<Eleventh aspect> The other end of each of the divided dam plates is rotatably supported, and one end side thereof is supported by a spring as the swinging means. A bag breaking device according to claim 8.

[0137]

As described above, according to the bag breaking apparatus of the first and second aspects of the present invention, the size of the bag made of a packaging material such as vinyl for packing the article to be packed is limited. It is possible to break the bag without receiving it, and to avoid the situation where it is discharged without processing as much as possible without breaking the bag,
It is possible to provide an efficient bag breaking device, and furthermore, the claw has an elastic member and is configured to be capable of swinging or falling in the opposite direction to the moving direction according to the resistance applied to the toe. Accordingly, an effect of removing the hard material caught between the slit of the dam plate and the claw can be obtained, and the bag breaking process can be performed continuously without damaging the claw and the slit.

In particular, according to the second aspect of the present invention, two endless conveyors each having a plurality of claws arranged along the moving section are positioned such that the moving direction destinations of the upper moving sections are higher. As described above, the lower ends of the conveyors are arranged so as to face each other at a predetermined interval, and the upper ends are opposed to each other so that the upper ends are most separated from each other. By the tearing action around the part and the action of the claw and the blocking plate around the upper end of the conveyor, compared with a bag breaking device that arranges an endless conveyor on only one side and breaks the bag by the action of the claw and the blocking plate, Demonstrates more than double bag breaking capacity.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the plurality of claws are arranged in a plurality of rows along the moving portion of the endless conveyor, the processing efficiency is improved as compared with a single row. According to the invention according to claim 4, the endless conveyor is disposed so as to be inclined such that one side portion in a direction orthogonal to the moving portion direction is located higher than the other side portion, The side is provided with an inlet, so bags that fall off the nails and fall down along the slope of the endless conveyor with incomplete bag breaks, or similarly fall with smaller bags inside The bag thus dropped falls in the direction of the other side of the endless conveyor positioned at a lower position, and is repeatedly subjected to a bag breaking action by the claws and the dam plate provided in this direction, so that the bag can be broken effectively.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, even when a bulky material (hard material) or the like that is larger than the discharge portion at the bottom of the apparatus is supplied, the bulky substance is easily discharged out of the apparatus from the bulky substance discharge port. Can be done.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the claw is attached to the lower part of the moving part of the endless conveyor with the tip part up, unnecessary unevenness is minimized above the moving part of the endless conveyor. The bag can be avoided, and there is no risk of the bag or small dust coming out of the bag being caught, and a smooth bag breaking process can be performed.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, when a hard object is caught between the dam plate and the endless conveyor, the caught object can be released, and the apparatus can be continuously operated without stopping the apparatus. Processing can be performed.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, when a hard object is caught between the divided weir plate and the endless conveyor, the caught object can be released, and the apparatus can be continuously operated without stopping the apparatus. In addition to the above, the configuration is such that the blocking plate is divided into a plurality of parts, so that a decrease in processing capacity can be minimized.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the oscillating means is constituted by a spring, it is not necessary to consider the oscillating timing and the like, so that a simple mechanism can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a bag breaking device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side sectional view thereof.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are views showing a support structure of the nail according to the embodiment, wherein FIG. 3A is a side view and FIG.

4A and 4B are diagrams showing another example of the claw support structure, wherein FIG. 4A is a side view and FIG. 4B is a front view thereof.

FIG. 5 is a view showing still another example of the nail supporting structure;
(A) is a side view, (B) is a front view thereof.

FIGS. 6A to 6D are views for explaining a bag breaking action in the embodiment.

FIGS. 7A to 7D are views for explaining an operation of removing a hard object caught between a slit and a claw of a dam plate in the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of another embodiment of the bag breaking device according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of another embodiment of the bag breaking device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of another embodiment of the bag breaking device according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front sectional view of another embodiment of the bag breaking device according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a side sectional view of another embodiment of the bag breaking device according to the present invention.

13 (A) to 13 (D) are diagrams for explaining an action of preventing a hard object from being caught between an endless conveyor and a tip end of a dam plate.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional bag breaking and loosening device.
(A) is a longitudinal sectional view, (B) is a sectional view taken along the line AA in (A).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body casing 2 Endless conveyor 2 'Endless conveyor 2A Belt 4 Dam plate 4A Slit 5 Claw 26 Spacing part 27 Input chute 28 Discharge chute 30 Bulk material discharge chute 31 Bag 33 Spacing part 36 Discharge chute

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. An endless conveyor having a plurality of claws arranged along the moving portion, the endless conveyor having a substantially continuous surface formed at least in an upper moving portion between a lower end portion and an upper end portion. And a weir whose one end is in contact with or close to the surface of the upper moving part of the endless conveyor, and the other end of which is located outside the upper moving part. A stopper plate is provided, the dam plate is provided with a slit through which the claw can pass, and the claw has an elastic member, and swings in a direction opposite to a moving direction according to a resistance applied to a toe portion thereof. A bag breaking device characterized in that the bag breaking device is configured to be capable of being turned upside down. 2. An endless conveyor having at least an upper moving portion between a lower end portion and an upper end portion, each of which has a substantially continuous surface and has a plurality of claws arranged along the moving portion. The upper moving parts are arranged facing each other such that the moving direction destination of the upper moving part is located at a higher position, and the lower ends of the moving parts approach each other at a predetermined interval, and the upper ends of the moving parts are most separated from each other. In addition, for each endless conveyor, a dam plate is provided, one end of which is in contact with or close to the surface of the upper moving part of the endless conveyor, and the other end is located outside the upper moving part. The plate is provided with a slit through which each claw can pass, and each claw has an elastic member so that it can swing or fall in the direction opposite to the moving direction according to the resistance applied to the toe. Breakdown characterized by comprising Apparatus. 3. The bag breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of claws are arranged in a plurality of rows along a moving portion of the endless conveyor. 4. The endless conveyor is disposed so as to be inclined such that one side of the endless conveyor in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the moving part is located higher than the other side, and an inlet is provided on one side of the higher end. The bag breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: 5. The bag breaking device according to claim 4, wherein a bulky material discharge port is provided on a side of the other end of the endless conveyor which is lower. 6. The bag breaking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the claw is attached to a lower side of a moving portion of the endless conveyor with its tip end facing upward. 7. A swinging means for swinging said dam plate with its other end as a fulcrum.
7. The bag breaking device according to any one of 6. 8. The blocking plate is divided into a plurality of portions in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the endless conveyor, and the slit is provided at one end of each of the divided blocking plates. The bag breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a rocking means for rocking the end portion as a fulcrum. 9. The bag breaking device according to claim 7, wherein said swing means comprises a spring.