JP2000099837A - Monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To monitor for an area to be monitored at low costs. SOLUTION: A slot waveguide 12 is extended from a monitoring place 11 to a final edge of a monitoring area. The slot waveguide 12 is provided with a slot with a constant interval and is of a constitution in which all the distances are covered by an emission pattern each slot. An edge (the monitoring place) of the slot waveguide 12 is provided with a radar transmitter/receiver 111. The slot waveguide 12 is arranged at a ground height where a human and an animal include a slot pattern. When the human and the animal approaches the slot waveguide 12, a radio wave which is matched by an impedance of the atmosphere and is emitted into a space generates a matching defect and returns to a radar installation point (the monitoring place) 11 as a reflected wave. For example, if it is made a pulse radar, a distance can be measured by a time difference of a reflection pulse of a transmitted pulse.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a monitoring system for monitoring the invasion of humans and pests, the escape of livestock, and the like in private roads, ranches, farms, railway premises, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a private road, a ranch, a farm, a railway site, etc., a monitoring system is often provided because it is necessary to monitor the invasion of humans and pests, or the escape of livestock. In this type of monitoring system,
Visible cameras, infrared cameras, and the like are exclusively used, and images captured by these monitoring cameras are intensively monitored at a monitoring center.

[0003] On a ranch, for example, the area to be monitored may be several tens of kilometers square. Since the shooting range of the surveillance camera is limited, in such a case, a very large number of surveillance cameras must be installed (for example, every several hundred meters). Since these surveillance cameras are operated regardless of day or night, an increase in operating costs has become a problem.

When the number of surveillance cameras increases, the number of monitor screens to be monitored also increases. Therefore, the labor and labor of the observer who performs monitoring based on the monitor image increases, and this leads directly to an increase in labor costs. Therefore, some solution is desired in this aspect.

[0005]

As described above, in the conventional surveillance system, surveillance cameras are installed (for example, every several hundred meters) over the front area of the area to be monitored, and these surveillance cameras In this method, the monitor images must be monitored simultaneously. Therefore, if the area to be monitored covers a wide range, problems such as a rise in operation costs and an increase in personnel costs have been caused.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a monitoring system that enables monitoring of an area to be monitored at low cost irrespective of the size of the area to be monitored, thereby improving cost effectiveness.

[0007]

To achieve the above object, a monitoring system according to the present invention is configured as follows. (1) Slots are formed at predetermined intervals in a rectangular or circular waveguide, or an outer cylinder of a coaxial cable or coaxial waveguide,
A transmission line having one end terminated and disposed along the periphery of the monitoring area; and a bidirectional transmission line inserted at any one or more of the transmission lines to correct the transmission loss of the transmission line. An amplifier, and a monitoring device having a pulse transmitting / receiving means for transmitting a pulse signal at a predetermined interval to the transmission line, emitting a pulse from each slot in the transmission line, and receiving a reflected pulse through the transmission line. , The monitoring device comprises:
By the pulse transmitting and receiving means, a pulse radiated from any slot of the transmission path hits an object in the covered area, and the pulse is transmitted by utilizing that a reflected pulse is incident on the transmission path from the slot. The position of the object is determined by measuring the time from when the reflected pulse is received until the reflected pulse is received.

(2) Further, a plurality of surveillance camera devices that share the monitoring areas with each other and are installed in each of the sharing areas and capture an image are connected to any one of the plurality of surveillance camera devices, and any of the transmission paths is optional. A plurality of camera command receiving / video signal transmitting devices that operate the surveillance camera device in response to a command signal from the transmission path and transmit the video signal into the transmission path, and the monitoring device And imaging command transmission / video signal receiving means for transmitting an imaging command to the arbitrary monitoring camera device of the plurality of monitoring camera devices through the transmission path and receiving the video signal through the transmission path. And the monitoring device comprises:
A surveillance camera device in which an area including the discrimination position of the object is shared is operated, and a video signal transmitted through the transmission path is received and detected and displayed on a monitor.

(3) The imaging command transmitting / video signal receiving means of the monitoring device is provided with a number of the monitoring camera device in which an area including the position of the object obtained from the measurement time is assigned, and a camera power-on signal. Is digitally modulated and transmitted to the transmission line, and the plurality of camera command reception / video signal transmission devices coupled to the transmission line demodulate the digital modulation signal from the monitoring device, respectively, and When the camera number matches the camera number, the power of the camera device is turned on, and the photographic video is modulated into a transmission signal of the camera device and sent to a transmission path.

[0010] In the area to be monitored, the part that enters or escapes is usually a part. Therefore, intrusion,
Activating the surveillance camera at the point where the escape incident occurred will complete the surveillance operation, and there is no need to constantly monitor the entire surveillance area with a large number of people. The present invention seeks to solve these disadvantages in the following manner. That is, if any sensor detects signs of intrusion or escape (incident), it activates a surveillance camera that covers the area, captures the surrounding situation with the camera, and automatically sends the image to the surveillance station. The surveillance staff is basically required to be alone and the surveillance camera only needs to be activated when an incident occurs, greatly improving the cost-effectiveness of surveillance.

When considering the above-mentioned system, first, a means for knowing at which point in a monitoring area of several tens of kilometers an incident has occurred, and an instruction to activate a monitoring camera installed near the point are provided. The challenge is how to transmit the obtained surveillance camera images to the surveillance station.
The present invention is characterized in that these problems are detected by using a waveguide (rectangular or circular) or a coaxial cable to detect an incident, command a camera, and transmit a camera image.

That is, a waveguide or coaxial cable is routed from the monitoring station to the end of the monitoring area. Extend left and right if necessary. A waveguide for a wavelength to be used is provided with a slot for leaking power, which corresponds to several hundredths of the power transmitted through the waveguide. The size of the slot is determined by the coupling loss with the main waveguide depending on the wavelength used. This is matched, for example, to the characteristic impedance of the atmosphere (in vacuum), Z0 = 120π (Ω). Furthermore, the pattern of the electromagnetic field leaking from the slot is determined by the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the slot.

Depending on the size of humans, livestock, and pests, for example, when radio waves in the X band (wavelength 3 cm) are used 30c
By setting the interval to m, interference between slots can be reduced. Therefore, the entire distance is covered by the radiation pattern of each slot.

One end of the waveguide thus set (monitoring station)
, And the final end of the waveguide is terminated with the characteristic impedance Z1 (about 50Ω) of the waveguide. If the waveguide is extended for more than 10 km, the power of the radar transmitter will not be propagated to the end due to the loss in the waveguide.
Insert a bidirectional booster in several places along the way.

The waveguide thus set is set to a ground height (for example, a height of 1 m) at which humans live the slot pattern. When a human animal approaches the waveguide, the radio wave radiated into the space matched with the impedance of the atmosphere of 120πΩ causes a poor matching, and returns to the radar installation point (monitoring station) as a reflected wave. For example, if a pulse radar is used, the distance can be measured based on the time difference between reflected pulses of transmitted pulses.

On the other hand, a camera command / video transfer controller is aligned with the waveguide near the position where the surveillance camera is installed. If the incident distance is determined by the radar with the frequency f1, the radar function is automatically stopped, and the surveillance camera and the installation distance are calculated in advance from the table indicating the incident distance.
The number of the camera is set (coded), and the power ON state is issued at the same frequency (f1) at the same waveguide. A camera command / video transfer controller matched to the waveguide (for example, every 1.5 km) and matched with the camera number managed by the controller (for example, one near the controller installation location Each one is responsible for three.)
If so, the camera of that number is automatically turned on.

[0017] The captured video of the camera is stored in the same controller as f2.
Frequency (approx. 10 MHz for video band from f1 for command)
It is AM-modulated at the frequency of the vibration and is guided to the waveguide. f2
The video signal modulated by is received and demodulated by a command / video receiving device at a monitoring station, becomes a video signal, and is displayed on a monitor display for monitoring.

By keying in the camera number from the command / video receiving device, it is possible to forcibly transfer the video of the designated camera to the monitoring station. When the monitor is turned off, the controller decodes the camera number and the OFF command from the keyboard using the f1 frequency, and turns off the camera power and the video transfer system. As described above, the slot waveguide is installed in the monitoring area, radar signals are constantly sent into the waveguide, and if an incident occurs, the distance is measured by radar, and a camera that monitors the distance range is installed. The automatic selection and surveillance camera video can be automatically transferred to the surveillance station, so that the surveillance staff can monitor by themselves and can operate the surveillance camera as needed. Cost effectiveness is greatly improved.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a system block diagram showing a configuration of a monitoring system according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a radar transceiver 111 is installed at a monitoring station 11, and its input and output are matched with a slot waveguide 12. The slot waveguide 12 is terminated to a waveguide terminator 14 via a bidirectional amplifier 13.

On the other hand, the radar pulse signal of the frequency f1 traveling in the slot waveguide 12 is radiated into the space via the slot of the waveguide on the way. Livestock 16 (R1 meter point from monitoring station) or human 17 (R
When the two-meter point approaches the slot waveguide 12, a mismatch occurs with a spatial impedance of 120π (Ω) (radio waves are reflected on humans 17 and livestock 16 and are reflected back into the waveguide through the slot as reflected pulses). The reflected pulse is input to the waveguide. The reflected pulse signal is received by the radar transceiver 111 while passing through the bidirectional amplifier 13 on the way. By processing the received signal, R1 or R2
Is determined, and a camera number corresponding to the distance is set by the camera distance discriminator 113. Command / video controller 115
A pulse train in which the camera number is coded and the ON / OFF code is set to ON is transmitted to the command oscillation / video receiving device 11.
4 and is pulse-modulated by a radio wave f1 and input to the slot waveguide 12 by the waveguide coupler 112. At this time (at the time when the distance measurement, that is, when R1 and R2 are calculated), the radar transmission frequency is stopped.

After the same amplification as that of the radar signal, the signal enters the receiver of the command receiving / video transmitting device 15 at each point, and the cameras (three in this example) assigned to each device, the livestock 16 in this example. On the other hand, 4 cameras are equivalent, but if the codes match, the surveillance camera is turned on.
And

Then, the video signal from the camera is modulated by a radio wave of f2 at least 10 MHz away from f1, and is input into the slot waveguide 12 via the waveguide coupler. Through the bidirectional amplifier 13, the waveguide coupler 1
In the command / video controller 115, the command received by the command oscillation / video receiving device 114 via the video signal detector 12 is used as a video superimposed video signal to determine the number of the surveillance camera video. , Monitor display 11
6

Reference numeral 117 denotes a control console. The first radar transceiver (111) automatically sends a radar pulse signal to the slot waveguide 12 by transmitting a radio wave having a frequency f1 by pressing a video monitor OFF key from the desk. . Note that the frequency f2
When the radar is turned on from the keyboard, the radio wave having the frequency f1 is transmitted even when the video signal is received by the keyboard. That is, the function of the detector operates with the radio wave f1. If the human 17 is detected while the livestock 16 is being monitored by the monitor camera, a signal to that effect is input to the command / video controller 115, and a message to the effect that a new incident has occurred is displayed on the currently monitored monitor screen. With the special symbol blinking. By selecting a camera number from the control console 117 and pressing OFF, an OFF signal is transmitted to the command receiving / video transmitting device 15, and the video signal transfer of the camera 4 is stopped, and at the same time, the command / video controller 115 Command of camera number ON of
An image of the human 17 captured by the seven cameras is displayed on the monitor display 116 as a monitor image. It is possible for the observer to switch to the four cameras again by operating the same key.

The radar transceiver 111 is realized by a configuration as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the radar transmission fundamental frequency output from the radar fundamental oscillator 210 is frequency-converted to f1 by the local oscillation signal from the local oscillator 25 by the up converter 27 via the pulse modulator 28,
After the power is amplified by the power amplifier 23, the circulator 2
1 is transmitted to the slot waveguide 12.

The pulse reflected from the slot waveguide 12 is mixed with a local oscillation signal from a local oscillator 25 by a mixer 24 via a low-noise amplifier 22 and converted into an intermediate frequency. After the detection, the radar signal processor 29 detects the radar distance information 212. Also,
The transmission basic pulse 211 is sent from the radar signal processor 29 to the camera distance discriminator 113.

It should be noted that, from the control console 117, the camera distance discriminator 1
The radar ON / OFF control signal 213 is input to the radar signal processor 29 via the processor 13, and the processor 29 stops the transmission fundamental frequency of the radar fundamental oscillator 210.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the slot waveguide 12. It is desirable that the slot interval a be as large as possible.
It is desirable that the pattern of leakage radiation from the slot 32 be very broad (wide) as shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a basic configuration example of the bidirectional amplifier 13. In this configuration, the circulators 41 and 43
Thus, the light passes through different amplifiers 42 and 44 in the vertical direction. In this case, it is necessary to set the sum of the isolations of the circulators 41 and 43 to be larger than the sum G of the gains of the amplifiers 42 and 44 so that the oscillation by the loop does not occur.

FIG. 5 shows the command oscillation / video receiving apparatus 11.
The camera command signal issued from the control console 117 is modulated by the modulator 59 with the frequency signal from the radar basic oscillator 510 (IF1).
After being mixed with the local oscillation signal from the local oscillator 56 by the mixer 57 (frequency f1), the power is amplified by the power amplifier 58 and transmitted to the slot waveguide 12 via the waveguide coupler 112 by the circulator 51. You. Further, the video signal of the frequency f2 taken in from the slot waveguide 12 through the waveguide coupler 112 is amplified by the low noise amplifier 52 through the circulator 51, and is amplified by the mixer 53 from the local oscillator 56. , And becomes an intermediate frequency IF2, video-detected by a detector 54, and output as a video signal via a video shaper 55.

FIG. 6 shows the command receiving / video transmitting / receiving apparatus 1 described above.
5, a command signal of a frequency f1 transmitted through the slot waveguide 12 is guided to a low-noise amplifier 62 by a circulator 61 via a waveguide coupler 112. The amplified output is mixed with a local oscillation signal from a local oscillator 65 by a mixer 63 to produce an intermediate frequency IF.
The command signal is detected by the detector 64 and input to the code decoder 610.

The code decoder 610 analyzes the input command code, and if there is a corresponding camera number, controls the power on / off of the camera. The video signal of the turned on surveillance camera is sent to the surveillance camera video selection circuit 69. The signal is selected and sent to the modulator 70, modulated by the frequency signal from the radar basic oscillator 67 (IF 2), up-converted by the mixer 66 based on the output frequency of the local oscillator 65, and amplified by the power amplifier 68 as the frequency of f 2. Circulator 6
1 sends the signal to the transmission line 12 via the waveguide coupler.

That is, if the code decoder 610 matches the number code of the surveillance camera assigned to the apparatus, the camera power is turned on and turned off by the OFF signal. At the same time, the power amplifier 68 operates synchronously. When it is turned on, the surveillance camera video selection circuit 69 determines which video signal of the three cameras is to be modulated.

Each of the local oscillators 2 shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 5, and FIG.
5, 56 and 65 generated local oscillation signals (LOCA
L) The signals are at the same frequency, and 210 and 510 in FIGS.
The fundamental oscillation frequency of the radar and that of 67 in FIG.
By providing a difference of MHz, isolation of the approaching object and the camera command frequency is achieved.

As is clear from the above configuration, in the surveillance system according to the present embodiment, if a sign (in incident) of intrusion or escape is detected by any sensor, the surveillance camera covering the range is activated. , Because it captures the surrounding situation with a camera and automatically transmits the image to the surveillance station, the observer is basically alone, and the surveillance camera only needs to be activated when an incident occurs, The cost effectiveness of surveillance will be greatly improved.

The main configuration has been described in detail with reference to a block diagram, and the case where a rectangular waveguide is used has been described as an example. However, the same applies when a circular waveguide coaxial cable (coaxial waveguide) is used. The system is feasible.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention, regardless of the size of the area to be monitored, monitoring of this area can be performed at low cost, thereby improving cost-effectiveness. An intended monitoring system can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a monitoring system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram showing a specific configuration of the radar transceiver according to the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a slot waveguide used in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary block diagram showing a specific configuration of the bidirectional amplifier according to the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the command oscillation / video receiving device of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an exemplary block diagram showing a specific configuration of the command / video transmission device according to the embodiment;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 11 monitoring station 111 radar transmitter / receiver 112 waveguide coupler 113 camera distance discriminator 114 command oscillation / video receiver 115 command / video controller 116 monitor display 117 control console 12 slot guide Wave tube 13 Bidirectional amplifier 14 Waveguide terminator 15 Command receiving / video transmitting device 16 Livestock at distance R1 17 Person at distance R1 1 to n Surveillance camera 21 Circulator 22 Low noise Amplifier 23 ... Power amplifier 24 ... Mixer (down converter) 25 ... Local oscillator 26 ... Detector 27 ... Mixer (up converter) 28 ... Pulse modulator 29 ... Radar signal processor 210 ... Radar basic oscillator 211 ... TX basic pulse Signal 212 ... Radar distance information 213 ... Radar ON / OFF control signal 31 ... Rectangular waveguide 32 ... Slot 33 ... S Lot leakage radiation pattern a slot interval 41 circulator 42 amplifier 43 circulator 44 amplifier 51 circulator 52 low-noise amplifier 53 mixer (downconverter) 54 detector 55 video shaping device 56 local oscillator 57 ... Mixer (Up Converter) 58 ... Power Amplifier 59 ... Modulator 510 ... Radar Basic Oscillator 61 ... Circulator 62 ... Low Noise Amplifier 63 ... Mixer (Down Converter) 64 ... Detector 65 ... Local Oscillator 66 ... Mixer (Up) Converter) 67 radar basic oscillator 68 power amplifier 69 surveillance camera video selection circuit 610 code decoder 70 modulator

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Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rectangular or circular waveguide or a coaxial cable or an outer cylinder of a coaxial waveguide is formed with slots at predetermined intervals, one end of which is terminated, and along the periphery of the monitoring area. A transmission line to be provided; a bidirectional amplifier inserted at an arbitrary one or a plurality of positions of the transmission line to correct a transmission loss of the transmission line; and transmitting a pulse signal to the transmission line at predetermined intervals. A monitoring device including a pulse transmission / reception unit that emits a pulse from each slot in the transmission path and receives a reflected pulse of the pulse through the transmission line. Using the fact that a pulse radiated from one of the slots hits an object in the covered area and the reflected pulse is incident on the transmission line from the slot, the pulse is transmitted and then the reflected pulse is received. A monitoring system characterized in that the position of an object is determined by measuring the time until it is performed. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring areas are shared with each other.
A plurality of surveillance camera devices installed and imaged in each sharing area, connected to any of the plurality of surveillance camera devices, coupled to an arbitrary portion of the transmission path, and in response to a command signal from the transmission path A plurality of camera command reception / video signal transmission devices that operate the surveillance camera device and send out the video signal into the transmission path; and any of the plurality of surveillance camera devices that are provided in the monitoring device. An imaging command transmission / video signal receiving means for transmitting an imaging command to the monitoring camera device through the transmission path and receiving the video signal through the transmission path, wherein the monitoring apparatus includes a determination position of the object. The surveillance camera device in which an area is allocated is operated, and a video signal transmitted through the transmission path is detected and detected and displayed on a monitor. Visual system. 3. The imaging command transmitting / video signal receiving means of the monitoring device, wherein the number of the monitoring camera device in which an area including the position of the object obtained from the measurement time is allocated, and a camera power-on signal. The plurality of camera command reception / video signal transmission devices coupled to the transmission line demodulate the digital modulation signal from the monitoring device, and transmit the digitally modulated signals to the transmission line. If the camera number matches, turn on the camera device and
3. The surveillance system according to claim 2, wherein the photographed video is modulated by a transmission signal of the apparatus and sent to a transmission path.