JP2000088724A - Charpy impact tester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a Charpy impact tester capable of easily changing impact energy. SOLUTION: (a) A hammer 3 is constituted of a hammer part 3a and a shaft part so that the hammer part 3a can be exchanged with the shaft part mounted to a hammer supporting frame 16. (b) The hammer supporting frame 16 to which the hammer 3 is mounted is vertically movable, and the collision location between the hammer 3 and a test piece D supported by test piece supporting bases 14 (15) is adjustable. As a Charpy impact test using two types of hammers 3 different in weight and impact velocity can be performed by one Charpy tester as a result, there is no need for preparing testers each according to the weight of hammers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a Charpy impact tester.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A pendulum type Charpy impact tester is generally known as a material tester for evaluating the toughness and brittleness of a material. The Charpy impact tester has, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a pendulum-type hammer 3 above a pair of columns 2 (only one is shown) erected on a base 1.
The hammer 3 is supported so as to be rotatable about an axis A (perpendicular to the paper surface).
After being lifted up, the hammer 3 is caused to swing down by gravity to collide with the test piece 5 supported at both sides by the support table (anvil) 4. By colliding the hammer 3 to destroy the test piece 5 in this manner, a Charpy impact test is performed.

[0003] Since the hammer 3 is swung up as indicated by the two-dot chain line even after the test piece 5 is impact-ruptured, the test piece 5
The impact energy absorbed by the hammer 3 is represented by the difference between the potential energy of the hammer 3 at the lifting angle α and the potential energy of the hammer 3 at the swing angle β. The value obtained by dividing the thus calculated impact energy by the cross-sectional area of the cut portion (not shown) of the test piece 5 is the Charpy impact value. The angles α and β can be measured by the pointer 6 that rotates integrally with the hammer 3 and the scale plate 7 fixed to the column 2.

[0004]

When a Charpy impact test is performed on various materials, the energy required for breaking the test piece 5 varies depending on the material. On the other hand, since the energy that the hammer 3 can give to the test piece is determined by the test machine, generally, a plurality of test machines having different impact energies, that is, different weights of the hammer 3 are installed. However, installing a plurality of test machines in this manner is inefficient in space and costs.

Therefore, there is a method of changing the impact energy by installing only one impact tester and replacing the hammer 3 together with the rotary bearing. Here, the reason why the hammer 3 is replaced together with the rotary bearing and the rotary bearing position is also changed is that the collision speed of the hammer 3 is regulated by the impact energy.
This is because it is necessary to change not only the weight but also the length of the hammer 3 (length of the pendulum). Therefore, it takes time and effort to change the setup, and according to JIS K-7111, when the hammer 3 is replaced together with the rotary bearing, the amount of energy loss (when there is no test piece 5, that is, when the potential energy is Difference) needs to be re-examined.

An object of the present invention is to provide a Charpy impact tester which can easily change impact energy.

[0007]

The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing an embodiment of the present invention.
The test piece D supported by the test piece support device 14 is applied to a Charpy impact tester which gives an impact breaking force to the test piece D with the pendulum hammer 3 and evaluates the impact energy absorbed by the test piece D when the test piece breaks. Pendulum-type hammer 3 composed of a portion 3b and one of a plurality of hammer portions 3a having different lengths detachable from the hammer shaft portion 3b, and a hammer support portion rotatably supporting the hammer shaft portion 3b. 16 and
In order to change the collision position between the hammer 3a and the test piece D,
An adjusting mechanism 21 for adjusting the height position of the hammer support 16,
22, 121 and 131 are provided to achieve the above object.

In the section of the means for solving the above-mentioned problems, which explains the constitution of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are used to make the present invention easier to understand. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 are views showing a test machine main body of a Charpy impact test machine according to the present invention,
1A is a side view of the tester main body, and FIG. 1B is BB ′.
It is sectional drawing. FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. On the base 11, a pair of columns 12, 13 are erected.
Specimen support (anvil) on the lower part of columns 12 and 13
14 and 15 are respectively fixed. Reference numeral 16 denotes a hammer support frame to which the pendulum-type hammer 3 (detailed structure will be described later) is attached, and a shaft portion of the hammer 3 is provided by a pair of rotary bearing portions 19 and 20 fixed to side walls 17 and 18 of the hammer support frame 16. 3b is supported horizontally. Hammer support frame 16
Are slidably attached to guides 121 and 131 formed in the vertical direction of the columns 12 and 13 (the vertical direction in FIGS. 1 and 2). As shown in FIG. 1B, the guides 121 of the support columns 12 are fitted into the grooves of the groove forming portions 171 of the side walls 17, whereby the two are joined.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a locking jig for locking the hammer 3 at a predetermined lifting angle. The locking jig 24 engages a pin 3e provided on a handle 3d of the hammer 3 to lock the hammer 3. Lock. In FIG. 2, the hammer 3 is shown at the lowermost position so that the locking jig 24 can be easily seen. 25 is L
This is a hydraulic cylinder that drives the shape fitting 26 up and down. When the L shape fitting 26 is driven upward, it comes into contact with a pin 241 provided on the locking jig 24. When the L-shaped bracket 26 is further driven upward, the locking jig 24 is driven to rotate counterclockwise about the axis C (the axis perpendicular to the paper surface), and the locking of the hammer 3 by the locking jig 24 is performed. It is released and the hammer 3 is swung down by gravity. When the hammer 3 is swung down and rotated to the position indicated by the two-dot chain line, the hammer 3 collides with the test piece D supported by the test piece support table 14 and swings up by inertia even after breaking the test piece. Reference numeral 27 denotes a pointer which rotates integrally with the hammer 3, and uses a scale plate 28 in which the angle of the pointer 27 (the above-mentioned angle β in FIG. 7) is fixed to the side wall 17 when the pointer 27 is swung up. Measure. Alternatively, the rotary shaft of the rotary encoder may be connected to the shaft of the hammer 3 and the lift angle and the swing angle may be measured by the rotary encoder.

Numerals 21 and 22 denote hydraulic cylinders for driving the hammer support frame 16 in the vertical direction. The cylinder tubes 21a and 22a of the hydraulic cylinders 21 and 22 are fixed to columns 12 and 13, respectively. On the other hand, the piston rods 21b and 22b of the hydraulic cylinders 21 and 22 are connected to brackets 171 and 181 provided on the side walls 17 and 18 by nuts 29, respectively. for that reason,
The expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinders 21 and 22 causes the hammer support frame 1
6 is driven up and down along guides 121 and 131. Stoppers 23a, 23 for regulating the vertical position of the hammer support frame 16 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the guides 121, 131.
When the hydraulic cylinders 21 and 22 are extended, the hammer support frame 16 is positioned at the upper end position in contact with the stopper 23a as shown in FIG. 1, and when the hydraulic cylinders 21 and 22 contract, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the hammer support frame 16 is positioned at the lower end position in contact with the stopper 23b.

Next, the configuration of the hammer 3 will be described with reference to the detailed view of the hammer 3 shown in FIG. The hammer 3 includes a hammer 3a and a shaft 3b, and the hammer 3a includes a head 3c and a handle 3d. The shaft 3b of the hammer 3 is supported by rotary bearings 19 and 20, and the hammer 3a can be attached to and detached from the shaft 3b. The male screw 3i formed at the tip of the handle 3d is inserted into the through hole 3f of the shaft 3b, and the hammer 3a and the shaft 3b are fastened by the nut 3j. At this time, by engaging the rectangular seat 3h formed on the handle 3d with the rectangular counterbore 3g formed on the shaft 3b, the surfaces 310 and 311 of the head 3c are maintained perpendicular to the shaft 3b. Dripping.

As described above, in this embodiment, the hammer 3 is constituted by the shaft 3b and the hammer 3a detachable from the shaft 3b so that the hammer 3a can be replaced with one having a different weight. did. By the way, the relationship between the impact energy and the impact speed of the hammer 3 is defined in JIS K-7111, and when the weight of the hammer 3 is different, the length of the handle 3d is also different. In the tester of the present embodiment, as described above, the hammer support frame 16 is movable in the vertical direction so as to be able to cope with the difference in hammer length.

For example, when performing a test using a large hammer 3 having a long handle 3d as shown in FIG. 1, the test is performed by moving the hammer support frame 16 to the upper end position, while the handle is used as shown in FIG. When the test is performed using the small hammer 30 having a short length of 30d, the test is performed by moving the hammer support frame 16 to the lower end position. In this way, the hammer support frame 1 depends on the size of the hammer.
By positioning the position 6 at the upper end or the lower end position, the position of the hammer 3, 30 when it is swung down to the lowermost position, that is, the test piece D and the hammer 3, The position of collision with 30 can be adjusted to the correct position.

In the test machine shown in FIGS.
Is manually lifted to the lifting position and locked by the locking jig 24, but a lifting mechanism may be added as shown in FIG. 5 to lift the hammer 3 by the lifting mechanism. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a lifting mechanism.
(A) is a side view of the hammer support frame 16, and (b) is a view as viewed from an arrow E of (a). Although only the hammer support frame 16 is shown in FIG. 5, the portions such as the columns 12, 13 are shown in FIG.
Is the same as The scale plate 28 and the pointer 27 are not shown so that the lifting mechanism can be easily seen.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 42 denotes a one-way clutch provided on the shaft portion 3b of the hammer 3, and a belt 44 is looped between the clutch 42 and the pulley 43 of the motor 40. The motor 40 is connected to the hammer frame 1 by the bracket 41.
6 is fixed. When the clutch 42 is rotated by the motor 40 in the R direction in the figure, the clutch 42 and the shaft 3b of the hammer 3 rotate integrally, and when the hammer 3 is swung down, the friction decreases and only the shaft 3b freely rotates. I do. A bracket 45 provided with a hydraulic cylinder 46 is fixed to the clutch 42, and the bracket 45 rotates integrally with the clutch 42.

Next, the operation of the lifting mechanism will be described. First, the hydraulic cylinder 46 is extended, and the rod 47 is extended to a position P indicated by a two-dot chain line. Next, when the clutch 42 is driven to rotate in the R direction by the motor 40, the clutch 4
The rod 47 of the hydraulic cylinder 46 that rotates integrally with the rod 2 comes into contact with the handle 3d of the hammer 3, and as shown in FIG. 5A, the hammer 3 is lifted while rotating counterclockwise. During this time, the L-shaped fitting 26 is driven upward by the hydraulic cylinder 25 to lift the locking jig 24. Thereafter, the position of the hammer 3 is adjusted to a predetermined lifting angle (FIG. 5A).
At the position shown by the two-dot chain line).
Is driven downward to lower the locking jig 24 and engage the pin 3e of the hammer 3 to lock the hammer 3 at a predetermined lifting angle. When the hammer 3 is locked by the locking jig 24, the hydraulic cylinder 46 is contracted. After the preparation is completed in this way, the hammer 3 is swung down by releasing the lock of the hammer 3.

As described above, in this embodiment,
(A) The hammer 3 is composed of a hammer part 3a and a shaft part 3b,
The hammer portion 3a can be replaced while the shaft portion 3b is attached to the hammer support frame 16, and
(B) The hammer support frame 16 to which the hammer 3 is attached can be moved vertically so that the collision position between the hammer 3 and the test piece D supported on the test piece support 14 can be adjusted. As a result, a Charpy impact test using two types of hammers 3 and 30 having different weights and different impact speeds can be performed with one testing machine. No need to prepare.

In the above-described embodiment, the hammer support frame 16 is configured to be positioned at two types of positions. However, three or more types of positions, and any position between the upper end position and the lower end position. It may be configured so that it can be positioned at a predetermined position. By doing so, the test can be performed using more types of hammers. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the hydraulic cylinders 21 and 22 are used for the vertical movement of the hammer support frame 16, but may be moved manually.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the hammer support frame 16 on which the hammer 3 is mounted is moved up and down so that the hammer 3 collides with the test piece D at a correct position. Specimen support 1 for supporting specimen D
The upper and lower positions of 4 may be moved in the same manner as the movement of the hammer support frame 16 to adjust the collision position. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of such an adjustment mechanism.
(A) is a side view of the adjustment mechanism, (b) is a view on arrow G of (a), and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF 'of (a). Reference numeral 50 denotes a movable table on which the test piece support 14 is fixed, and is attached to the guides 122 and 132 of the columns 12 and 13 with the same structure as the hammer support frame 16 shown in FIG. Moving table 50
Is driven up and down along the guides 122 and 132 by the hydraulic cylinder 51. Reference numeral 52 denotes a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 50, which is connected to the bottom of the moving table 50. In addition, for example, the hammer support frame 16 or the test piece support table 1
If the movement range of 4 is limited and it is not possible to adjust the collision position by moving only one of them,
Both the hammer support frame 16 and the test piece support 14 may be movable.

In the correspondence between the embodiment described above and the elements of the claims, the shaft 3b is a hammer shaft, the test piece support 14 is a test piece support device, and the hammer support frame 16
The rotary bearings 19 and 20 constitute a hammer support, and the hydraulic cylinders 21 and 22 and the guides 121 and 131 constitute an adjusting mechanism.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The hammer consists of a hammer shaft and a hammer, and the hammer can be attached and detached with the hammer shaft attached to the hammer support, and the adjustment mechanism makes the collision position between the hammer and the test piece correct. Since the adjustment can be performed, it is possible to perform a Charpy impact test by exchanging various hammers having different weights. As a result, a Charpy impact test of various test pieces made of different materials can be performed by one Charpy impact tester by exchanging the hammer. As a result, the installation space for the testing machine can be reduced, and the cost of the evaluation test can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a tester main body of a Charpy impact tester according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a side view, and (b) is a BB ′ cross-sectional view of (a).

FIG. 2 is a view of the testing machine main body shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a hammer 3;

FIG. 4 shows a hammer supporting frame 16 when a small hammer 30 is used.
FIG.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating a lifting mechanism, wherein FIG. 5A is a side view, and FIG.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of an adjustment mechanism of a test piece support base 14;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a conventional Charpy impact tester.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3,30 Hammer 3a Hammer 3b Shaft 3c Head 3d Handle 12,13 Column 14,15 Test piece support 16 Hammer support frame 19,20 Rotation bearing 21,22,25,51 Hydraulic cylinder 23a, 23b Stopper 24 Stopper 27 Pointer 28 Scale plate 50 Moving table 121, 122, 131, 132 Guide D Test piece

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A Charpy impact tester for applying an impact breaking force to a test piece supported by a test piece support device with a pendulum type hammer to evaluate the impact energy absorbed by the test piece when the test piece is broken, A pendulum-type hammer configured by any one of a plurality of hammer portions having different lengths detachable from the hammer shaft portion; a hammer support portion rotatably supporting the hammer shaft portion; and the hammer portion. An adjusting mechanism for adjusting a height position of at least one of the hammer support portion and the test piece support device in order to change a collision position between the hammer support portion and the test piece support device.