JP2000085684A - Undersea transport device for crude oil and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive undersea transport device that requires no floats on its submarine hoses causing troublesome installation and adjustments, and prevents breakage of the submarine hoses effectively. SOLUTION: Each submarine hose 4 is not internally provided with a spiraling wire but provided with a thick intermediate rubber layer, a radially wound cord on the intermediate rubber layer and an appropriate reinforcement cord further on the radial cord. Each hose line 3 thus increases in rigidity and buoyancy so as to hold its specified posture continuously because of the rigidity and the buoyancy-to-gravity balance against contact with the seabed even when no floats are attached to the submarine hoses 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates, for example, to mooring a transportation tanker on a single-point mooring buoy and transporting crude oil, refined oil, etc. from the tanker to a land-based tank or a marine storage tanker, or vice versa. The present invention relates to an apparatus for transporting crude oil and the like used for transporting from a ship to a tanker on the sea.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In this type of marine transportation system, a PLEM (Pipe Line End Manifol) at the tip end of a pipeline laid or buried on the seabed connected to a land tank or the like.
A submarine hose is used between the PLEM and the single point mooring buoy to connect with d) and the offshore tanker.

[0005] For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a submarine hose 100 has a PL connected to the end of a pipeline.
The EM 101 and the buoy 102 are connected and used at all times in the sea to connect the EM 101 and the buoy 102. Usually, two to four cables are connected in series (hereinafter referred to as a hose line 10).
0 ') which constitutes an undersea transportation system (hereinafter, referred to as an undersea transportation device). In addition, in this undersea transportation device, since the hose lines 100 'are arranged in two to three rows in parallel and have a unique shape, that is, a shape like a Chinese lantern (Chinese lantern), This system is called Chinese lantern type.

Usually, in the submarine hose 100 having such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 6, a body wire 100A is spirally wound around the inside of the hose in order to maintain a perfect cross section. By the way, as shown in, for example, FIG.
00 is sufficiently heavy in water to make contact with the seabed, or the submarine hose 100 may have an unusually small radius of curvature (ie,
In order to prevent bending at an abnormally large curvature and permanent deformation, a float 10
3 (see FIG. 5) to provide an appropriate buoyancy to secure an optimal (under the allowable curvature) hose line shape in water.

[0005] Usually, the assembling of the float 103 to the submarine hose (retrofitting) is performed on land, and after the installation in the sea or after the crude oil is passed through the submarine hose in the sea, the number and the installation location of the float 103 are reconsidered. , With modifications.

[0006]

However, mounting a float on such a hose on land is not only troublesome, but also mounting and adjusting the float in accordance with the shape and curvature of the hose after installation in the sea. It is very cumbersome because it takes place in the sea, requires a lot of effort, and is time and money intensive.

Further, in such an undersea transportation apparatus, in a configuration in which seawater enters the submarine hose except during normal operation, the submarine hose is more likely to be moved in the submarine hose than during transportation. In order to cope with this, the float may be removed only during transportation of crude oil or the like so that buoyancy is not excessively increased. In this case, there is an annoyance that the float is removed every time the operation is performed, which requires much more trouble.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention does not require a float on the submarine hose, and therefore does not require any troublesome and troublesome work of mounting and adjusting the float, and effectively prevents breakage of the submarine hose. It is an object of the present invention to provide an undersea transportation device for crude oil and the like that can be prevented at low cost.

[0009]

That is, the invention according to claim 1 comprises a one-point mooring buoy installed on the sea, and a manifold connected to the tip of a pipeline arranged on the sea floor and fixed on the sea floor. A plurality of hose lines connecting the single point mooring buoy and the manifold in parallel in the sea, wherein each of the hose lines is composed of a Chinese lantern type in which a plurality of submarine hoses are joined in series. In the submarine transportation device, etc., instead of spirally winding a wire inside the main body of the submarine hose, an intermediate rubber is disposed in a thick shape, and a cord is radially arranged from above the thick intermediate rubber. Winding increases the rigidity and buoyancy of the hose line, so that the hose line can be rigid without externally attaching a float to the submarine hose. It is obtained by constituting so as not come into contact with the seabed and held constantly predetermined shape balance between force and gravity.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for transporting crude oil or the like by sea according to the present invention. This apparatus is of the Chinese lantern type and includes a single-point mooring buoy 1 and a PLEM (hereinafter, referred to as a manifold) 2. And a hose line 3, and the submarine hose 4 of each hose line 3 does not require a float.

The buoy 1 is connected and fixed by appropriate fixing means (for example, a plurality of chains or anchors having one end fixed to the seabed) not shown in the figure. They are connected by a length with enough margin to absorb the movement. Also, this buoy 1
Is connected to the submarine hose 3 having a plurality of lower portions arranged in parallel (in this embodiment, two rows), while the upper manifold 5 is connected to base ends of a plurality of rows of floating hoses 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the floating hose 6 is floating on the sea, and its tip is connected to a tank side such as the tanker 7 as needed to feed or take out crude oil or the like.

The manifold 2 is connected to an end of a pipeline 8 (often buried on the seabed) which is connected to a storage tank on land and laid on the seabed, and is fixed at a predetermined place on the seabed. Have been.

A plurality of submarine hoses 4 are connected to each hose line 3, and their length is determined based on the water depth and tidal difference at the installation site.
Two to four 0-foot lengths are connected (in series), and the overall shape is a Chinese lantern type.

The submarine hoses 4 constituting these hose lines 3 are different from the conventional submarine hoses, and are constituted by wireless hoses. That is, the submarine hose 4 has a structure in which the (reinforcement) wire 100A is spirally wound inside the main body of the submarine hose.
As shown in FIG. 3, a thick (for example, 30 mm to 60 mm in this embodiment) intermediate rubber 41 is disposed inside a main body (outer diameter dimension is 20 inches in this embodiment) of the submarine hose, and the hose is submerged in water. While reducing the weight, a steel or fiber cord (for example, an appropriate steel cord having a wire diameter of 3.1 mm) 42 is wound tightly in the radial direction from above the thick intermediate rubber 41, and an appropriate reinforcing cord is further applied from above. The arrangement increases the rigidity and buoyancy of the hose line. In addition, in FIG.
Indicates an inner rubber and an outer rubber. Reference numeral 45 indicates a reinforcing cord formed of polyester or the like, reference numeral 46 indicates a bead wire, reference numeral 47 indicates a rib, reference numeral 48 indicates a nipple. Have been.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, even if a float is not used, the shape is always stable as shown in FIG. Also, according to this embodiment, a conventional thick and heavy wire (for example, iron has a specific gravity of 7.
86) instead of the thick intermediate rubber 41 (specific gravity 1.1).
1.3), the weight can be reduced and the (drainage) volume can be increased as compared with the wire, and the buoyancy increases accordingly (the weight in water considering the buoyancy is 4%).
It is preferable that the amount can be reduced by about 30%). Further, in this embodiment, it is necessary to prevent the rigidity from being reduced as compared with the wire because of the use of the intermediate rubber 41. Therefore, the steel cord 42 is tightly wound around the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate rubber 41. By wrapping it and further arranging appropriate reinforcement cords,
As shown in the following [Table 1], the rigidity is increased to approximately 3.4 times that of the submarine hose which is equipped with a solid float as a standard.

[0016]

[Table 1]

Further, according to this embodiment, in the configuration in which seawater enters when the transportation of crude oil or the like is not normally performed, both when transporting the crude oil and the like and when the seawater normally enters. By forming a submarine hose with buoyancy, weight and rigidity that does not cause inconvenience, for example,
If the specific gravity (fluid) is about 0.8 to 1.025, that is, if the hardness and underwater weight of the hose are determined as OK even when passing from light oil to seawater, no float is required, the buoyancy is too high and the bend is too large. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a large radius of curvature having a large radius of curvature and a trouble such as landing on the sea floor.

Further, according to this embodiment, the shape of the hose line in the sea is determined by the submarine hose formed by adjusting the balance of buoyancy, weight and rigidity. If the weight of the seawater is expected to increase due to the attachment of oysters and other shellfish), the hose line will not be deformed and will be bent or settled even during long-term use. it can.

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention, instead of spirally winding the wire inside the main body of the submarine hose, the intermediate rubber is provided in a thick-walled state and the thick intermediate rubber is provided. The steel cord is wound in the radial direction from above, and the rigidity and buoyancy of the hose line are increased by arranging appropriate reinforcing cords from above, and the hose line can be installed without externally attaching a float to the submarine hose. The structure is designed to maintain a predetermined shape at all times with the balance of stiffness, buoyancy and gravity so that it does not touch the seabed, so that no float is required for the submarine hose, and therefore troublesome and troublesome work for mounting and adjusting the float is required. It is not necessary at all, and it is possible to not only reduce the cost of the float, but also reduce the man-hour for mounting the float.

Further, according to the present invention, since the steel cord is wound in the radial direction from above the thick intermediate rubber, even if a large load is applied, the load can be removed and the original state can be restored. Therefore, the generation of kink (permanent deformation) can be prevented, and the breakage of the submarine hose can be prevented, thereby improving the reliability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a main part of an apparatus for transporting crude oil and the like underwater according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state when the device is connected to a tanker or the like.

FIG. 3 is a half sectional view of a main part showing a submarine hose used for a hose line of the apparatus.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional undersea transportation device.

FIG. 6 is a half sectional view of a main part showing a submarine hose used for a hose line of the apparatus.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a conventional defect.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Buoy 2 PLEM (Manifold) 3 Hose Line 4 Submarine Hose 41 Thick Intermediate Rubber 42 Code 8 Pipeline

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A one-point mooring buoy installed on the sea (1)
And a manifold (2) connected to the tip of a pipeline (8) arranged on the seabed and fixed to the seabed, and a plurality of these one-point mooring buoys (1) and manifolds (2) connected in parallel in the sea A submarine hose (4) having a plurality of submarine hoses (4) connected in series, the submarine hose (3) being a Chinese lantern-type submarine transport apparatus for crude oil and the like. Instead of spirally winding a wire inside the main body of the submarine hose (4), an intermediate rubber (41) is disposed in a thick shape, and a cord (42) is placed on the thick intermediate rubber (41). Is wound in the radial direction to increase the rigidity and buoyancy of the hose line (3), and the hose line (3) is rigid without externally attaching a float to the submarine hose (4). Sea transportation device such as crude oil, characterized in that retaining the constant predetermined shape balance between the buoyancy and the gravity configured so as not come into contact with the seabed.