JP2000076705A - Optical disk and optical disk reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical disk with which a reflection film in a specific region of the optical disk is worked by bar coding information on position for prevention of a pirated edition which is a kind of IDs. SOLUTION: A prescribed region 936 of prepit signal region of the optical disk, in which data are recorded, is provided with an identificatifier 937 which shows whether bar codes 923 exist on the optical disk or not. The bar codes 923 have a long shape in the radial direction and are arranged in plural quantities in the circumferential direction. The bar codes are surely read in a short time by utilizing this identificatifier 937.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an optical disk and an optical disk reproducing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a manufacturing process of an optical disk, a serial number, a lot number, and the like are bar-coded and recorded on the optical disk.

[0003] Since such information cannot be written in the pit information area of the optical disk, it has been recorded in a non-information area, that is, a free area of the optical disk.

In reproducing such an optical disk,
An optical pickup is used for the pit information. On the other hand, bar-coded information such as a serial number recorded in the non-information area is read by another reading device.

[0005]

The conventional apparatus is inferior in that such bar-coded information can be easily read in a short time.

In the present invention, in consideration of such a conventional problem, for example, a disc ID number or the like is converted into a bar code and overwritten in a pit area, so that the pit data and the bar data are written using the same optical pickup. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical disk or the like that can read a mark in the form of code data and that can reliably read the mark in the form of bar code in a short time by using an identifier.

[0007]

In order to solve this problem, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a bar code mark is provided on a predetermined area of a pre-pit signal area of an optical disk on which data is recorded. An optical disc is provided with an identifier indicating whether or not the mark is to be performed, and the mark has a shape that is long in a radial direction and is arranged in a plurality in a circumferential direction.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optical disk described above, wherein all or a part of the mark is overwritten with the pre-pit signal.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the optical disc, the control area includes a control data area for recording physical characteristic information on the optical disc, and the predetermined area is the control data area. is there.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optical disk as described above, wherein the mark is formed by removing a reflection film in the pre-pit signal area.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optical disk as described above, wherein the mark is detected as a change in reflectance.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a guard band area in which only an address is recorded and no data is recorded is provided between an area where the bar code mark is present and the control data area. The above optical disc, characterized in that:

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the optical disk according to any one of the above aspects, the mark is formed so as not to be two or more in a predetermined time slot.

The present invention according to claim 8 is that the optical disc comprises:
The optical disk according to any one of the above, wherein two disk substrates are bonded to each other.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reproducing apparatus for reproducing an optical disk according to any one of the above, an identifier detecting means for detecting the identifier on the optical disk, and a detection result of the identifier detecting means. An optical disc reproducing apparatus, comprising: a control unit for causing the reproducing unit to perform the mark reproducing operation.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the above optical disk reproducing apparatus, wherein an optical head is used as the reproducing means.

According to a still further aspect of the present invention, there is provided the above optical disk reproducing apparatus, wherein when the identifier is detected, if the identifier indicates that the mark does not exist, the data is reproduced.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the optical disk reproducing apparatus, when the identifier is detected, if the identifier indicates that the mark does not exist, the fact is output to the outside. .

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a case will be described as an example where piracy prevention position information, which is a type of ID, is used as information to be bar-coded.

That is, first, in the first half (I),
The piracy prevention position information, which is one type of the ID, is described in detail, and then it is converted into a bar code to complete the optical disk, and the reproduction of the optical disk is briefly described. The technique for converting the pirated copy prevention position information into a bar code will be described in more detail. That is, in the first half (I), (A) creating a disc, (B) creating a marking using a laser beam, (C) reading position information of the marking, (D) further (E) temporarily encrypting the position information and the like, converting the encrypted position information into a bar code, and overwriting a specific area of the pre-pit area of the optical disk, and (E) reproducing operation of the optical disk on the player side And so on. The second half (II)
First, (A) the usefulness of the barcode in the bonding type optical disk will be described. (B) bar code conversion of the position information of the marking as an ID unique to the disk; (C) format characteristics and tracking control method of the optical disk on which the bar code is formed; and rotation at the time of reproducing the bar code. The speed control method will be described, and (D) the reproduction of the optical disk on which the barcode is formed will be described. Furthermore,
(E) The invention in production in the barcode recording method will be described in more detail, and a barcode reproducing device (player) will be briefly described. Finally, (F) an example of the above-described barcode encryption (including a digital signature) and another method of using the barcode will be described.

(I) Before proceeding with the description of (A) to (E), the overall large flow from the disk making process to the completion of the optical disk will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In this specification, laser trimming is also referred to as laser marking, and the optical marking non-reflection portion is simply a bar code or stripe or marking, or optical marking, a physical I
Also called D or the like.

First, a software company performs software authoring in software production 820. The completed software is passed from the software company to a disc manufacturing factory. And
In the disk manufacturing process 816 of the disk manufacturing factory, the software completed in step 818a is input to create a master (step 818b), mold the disks (step 818e, step 818g), and create a reflective film on each disk. (Step 818f, Step 818)
h), the two disks are bonded together (step 818i) to complete a ROM disk such as a DVD or CD (step 818m, etc.).

The disk 800 thus completed
Is passed to a software maker or a factory under the control of the software maker. In a secondary recording step 817, a marking 584 for preventing piracy as shown in FIG. The correct position information of this mark is read (step 819b),
The position information as the disk physical characteristic information is obtained. In step 819C, the disk physical characteristic information is encrypted.
In step 819d, a signal obtained by PE-RZ-modulating this code is recorded on a disk as a barcode signal by a laser. In step 819C, information obtained by combining the software characteristic information and the disk physical characteristic information may be encrypted.

Further, each of the above steps will be described in detail. That is, a detailed description will be given of the steps of making a disc of an optical disc, a marking making step, a marking position reading step, and an encryption writing step according to the present invention with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, 8 to 12, and the like. 6 and 7, a supplementary explanation will be added for the case where there are two reflective layers. Further, the marking creation step, the marking position reading step, and the writing step are collectively referred to as a secondary recording step.

(A) First, the disc making process will be described. In a disk making step 806 shown in FIG. 4, a transparent substrate 801 is formed in step (1). In step (2), a metal such as aluminum or gold is sputtered to form a reflective layer 802.
To form An adhesive layer 804 of an ultraviolet curable resin is applied to the substrate 803 formed in another process by spin coating, and is bonded to the transparent substrate 801 having the reflective layer 802, and then is rotated at a high speed to make the bonding interval uniform. It is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the outside, and the two sheets are firmly adhered. In step (4), the print layer 805 on which the CD or DVD title is printed is printed by screen printing or offset printing. Thus, in the step (4), the normal bonding type light R
The OM disk is completed.

(B) Next, referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a description will be given of a marking creation step. In FIG. 4, YaG
Focusing lens 814 using pulse laser 813 such as
By focusing the laser light in the vicinity of the reflective layer 802, as shown in step (6) of FIG.
To form That is, a remarkable waveform is reproduced from the non-reflective portion 815 formed in the step (6) in FIG. 5 as shown in the waveform (a) in the step (7). By slicing this waveform, a marking detection signal as shown in waveform (b) is obtained. In this manner, at the time of the rising edge of the obtained marking detection signal, a specific address (represented by address n in the figure) among the plurality of addresses shown in FIG. 5D is reproduced by the optical pickup. Is done. FIG. 5D schematically shows the physical location of a specific address.

FIG. 5E is a diagram showing the logical configuration of data. That is, as shown in FIG.
Below the address n, there are m frame synchronization signals, and below each frame synchronization signal, there are k reproduced clocks. Therefore, the position of the marking measured by the optical pickup can be represented by the address, the frame synchronization signal number, and the number of reproduction clocks.

Here, as described above, FIGS.
, A supplementary explanation will be added for another type of disc (double-layered bonded disc).

That is, FIGS. 4 and 5 show a so-called single-layer laminated disk in which the reflective layer is formed only on one side of the substrate 801. FIG. In contrast, FIGS.
Shows the case of a so-called two-layer type laminated disc in which the reflection layer is formed on both the substrates 801 and 803. Both are basically processed in the same steps (5) and (6) when performing laser trimming, but the main differences will be briefly described. First, in the case of the one-layer type, the reflection layer is an aluminum film having a high reflectance of 70% or more, whereas in the case of the two-layer type, the reflection layer 825 formed on the substrate 801 on the reading side. Is a semi-transmissive gold (au) film having a reflectivity of 30%, and the reflective layer 802 formed on the substrate 803 on the print layer side is the same as in the case of the single-layer type. Next, in the case of the two-layer type, the adhesive layer 804 is optically transparent, has a uniform thickness, does not lose optical transparency due to laser trimming, and the like as compared with the single-layer type. Optical precision is required. FIG.
(7), (8) and (9) show signal waveforms obtained from the first layer of a disc having two recording layers. Also, (1) in FIG.
0) to (12) show signal waveforms obtained from the second layer of the disc having two recording layers. The contents of these signal waveforms are basically the same as the contents described in FIGS. 5A to 5C. The waveform of the second layer itself does not change much just because the signal level is lower than the waveform of the first layer. However, since the first layer and the second layer are stuck together, the relative positional accuracy between them is random and can be controlled only with an accuracy of several hundred microns. As I will explain later, the laser beam penetrates the two reflective films, so to make a pirated disc,
For example, it is necessary to match the position information of the first layer and the position information of the second layer of the first mark with the same value as that of the regular disc. However, in order to match, a lamination accuracy close to submicron is required, so that it is practically impossible to manufacture a pirated disc of the two-layer system.

Here, with respect to this optical marking non-reflective portion forming technique, in the following (a) to (d), the bonding type and the single plate type will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
It will be described with reference to the like. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are photomicrographs of the optical marking non-reflective portion when viewed from above, and FIG. 10 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the non-reflective portion of a two-layer laminated disc. It is a schematic diagram.

(A) A disk having a thickness of 0.6 mm was stuck using a 5 μj / pulse YaG laser.
5 at a depth of 0.6 mm on a 2 mm thick ROM disk
When the laser was irradiated to the aluminum layer of 00 Å, a slit-shaped non-reflective portion 815 having a width of 12 μm was formed as shown in a 750-fold micrograph of FIG. 8A. In this case, the non-reflective portion 8
In No. 15, no residual aluminum residue was confirmed.
At the boundary between the non-reflective portion 815 and the reflective portion, a thickly raised aluminum layer having a thickness of 2000 Å and a width of 2 μm was observed. As shown in FIG. 10A, it was confirmed that no major damage occurred inside. In this case, it is considered that a phenomenon occurs in which the aluminum reflective layer is melted by the irradiation of the pulse laser, and is accumulated at the boundaries on both sides due to surface tension. We call this the HMST recording method (Hot Melt Surface Te
ntion Recording Method). This phenomenon is a characteristic phenomenon observed only in the bonded disc 800. Further, FIG. 11 shows a cross section of the non-reflection portion by the laser trimming, which was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TE
(M) shows a schematic diagram based on the results of observation. or,
FIG. 11 is a diagram in which the adhesive layer of the disk has been removed using a solvent. According to the figure, if the width direction region of the aluminum film thickness increasing portion is 1.3 μm and the thickness is 0.20 μm,
The amount of increased aluminum at that location is 1.3 × (0.20−
0.05) = 0.195 μm ² . The amount of aluminum in a half area (5 μm) of the laser irradiation area (10 μm) is 5 × 0.05 = 0.250 μm ² . Therefore, when calculating the difference between them, 0.250-0.19
5 = 0.055 μm ² . Converting this to a length gives 0.055 / 0.05 = 1.1 μm. This means that an aluminum layer having a thickness of 0.05 μm is left for a length of 1.1 μm, and virtually all of the aluminum in the laser-irradiated portion is drawn to the film-thickness increasing portion. Good. As described above, it can be understood from the results of the analysis shown in the figure that the description of the characteristic phenomena is correct.

(B) Next, the case of a single-plate optical disk (optical disk constituted by one transparent substrate disk) will be described. 0.05μm of molded disk on one side
FIG. 8B shows an experimental result when a laser pulse having the same power is applied to a thick aluminum reflective film. As shown in the figure, aluminum residue remains and this aluminum residue becomes reproduction noise, so it is suitable for secondary recording of information on optical discs that require high density and few errors. You can see that it is not. Also, unlike bonding, FIG.
As shown in (b), in the case of a single-plate disc, when the non-reflective portion is laser-trimmed, the protective layer 862 always breaks. The degree of damage varies depending on the laser power,
Even if the laser power is precisely controlled, damage cannot be avoided. Furthermore, in our experiments, several hundred μm
The printed layer 805 screen-printed at a thickness of was damaged when the heat absorption was high. In the case of a single plate, it is necessary to apply the protective layer again or perform laser cutting before applying the protective layer in order to deal with breakage of the protective layer. In any case, the problem that the laser cutting process is limited to the pressing process in the single plate method is expected. Therefore, in the case of a single disk, although its effectiveness is high, its use is limited.

(C) The comparison between a single-plate disk and a bonded disk has been described above using a two-layer bonded disk. As can be understood from the above description, the same effect as in the case of the double-layer type can be obtained even in the case of the single-layer type laminated disk. Therefore, here, FIG.
The case of a single-layer bonded disc will be further described using (b) and the like. As shown in FIG. 12A, one of the reflection layers 802 is made of a transparent substrate 801 made of polycarbonate.
The other is in a sealed state filled with the cured adhesive layer 804 and the substrate. In this state, when the pulse laser is focused and heated, heat of 5 μJ / pulse is applied to the reflective layer 802 in the short time of 70 ns in this experiment.
Joins a circular spot with a diameter of 0-20 μm. As a result, the temperature instantaneously reaches the melting point of 600 ° C. and becomes molten. Only a small part of the transparent substrate 801 close to it melts due to heat conduction,
Part of the adhesive layer 804 also melts. As shown in FIG. 12 (b), the aluminum melted in this state is tensioned on both sides by surface tension, so that the melted aluminum is bounded by the boundary portions 821a, 821.
21b, the concentrated portions 822a and 822b are formed and solidified again. Thus, the non-reflective portion 58 without the aluminum residue
4 are formed. Therefore, FIGS. 10 (a) and 12 (a)
By forming a bonded disc as shown in FIG.
4 is obtained. Exposure of the reflective layer to the external environment due to the destruction of the protective film, which occurs in the case of a single plate, was not observed even when the laser power was increased 10 times or more from the optimum value. After the laser trimming, as shown in FIG.
4 has a sandwich structure by the two transparent substrates 801 and 803, and is shielded from the external environment by the adhesive layer 804, and thus has an effect of being protected from the influence of the environment.

(D) Another advantage of laminating two disks will be described. In the case of secondary recording using a bar code, as shown in FIG. 10B, an unauthorized person can expose the aluminum layer by removing the protective layer on the single-plate disk. For this reason, there is a possibility that the unencrypted data portion may be falsified by depositing an aluminum layer again on the barcode portion of the regular disk and laser trimming another barcode again. For example, if the ID number is recorded in plain text or separated from the main encryption, there is a possibility that the veneer is falsified and the software is illegally used with another password. However, FIG.
When the secondary recording is performed on the bonded disc as in (a), it is difficult to peel the bonded disc into two pieces. In addition to this, the aluminum reflective film is partially destroyed when peeling. If the anti-piracy marking is destroyed, it will be identified as a pirated disk and will not operate. Therefore, in the case of a bonded disc, the yield in the case of unauthorized tampering is reduced, and the tampering is economically suppressed. In particular, in the case of a two-layer type bonded disc, since the polycarbonate material has an expansion coefficient of temperature and humidity, the anti-piracy marking of one layer and two layers of the two discs that have been peeled off is bonded with an accuracy of several μm. It is almost impossible to mass produce. Therefore, in the case of two layers, the prevention effect is further enhanced. Thus, it was found that a clear slit of the non-reflective portion 584 can be obtained by laser trimming the bonded disc 800.

In the above description (a) to (d), the technique for forming the optical marking non-reflective portion has been described.

(C) Next, a process of reading the created marking position will be described.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram mainly showing a low-reflection-light-amount detecting unit 586 for detecting an optical marking non-reflection portion in the process of manufacturing an optical disk. FIG. 16 is a principle diagram of detecting the address / clock position of the low reflection portion. In the following description, for the sake of convenience, the principle of operation when a non-reflective portion on an optical disk composed of one disk is to be read will be described. This principle of operation is of course also applicable to an optical disk in which two disks are bonded.

As shown in FIG. 15, when the disc 800 is mounted on a marking reading device having a low reflection portion position detecting section 600 and the marking is read, FIG.
As shown in the waveform diagram of FIG.
23 and the signal waveform 824 due to the presence of the non-reflection portion 584 have significantly different signal levels, and therefore can be clearly distinguished by a circuit having a simple configuration.

FIG. 9A is a waveform diagram of a reproduction signal in a PCA region, which will be described later, including a non-reflection portion 584 by a laser beam. FIG. 9B is a diagram showing the waveform shown in FIG. 9A while changing the time axis.

As described above, by removing the reflection film with the laser beam, a waveform that can be easily distinguished from the waveform of the pit signal is obtained. By the way, an explanation will be given of an original master system in which the bar code of the present invention is formed by changing the shape of the pits of the original master, instead of removing the reflection film with the laser beam as described above. That is, FIG. 9D shows that, as described above, the pits 824q of several hundred tracks of the master are made longer than the lengths of the pits of other data, and the width t of the bar code is changed.
(= 10 μm) is a partial plan view of the master arranged to the same length as (= 10 μm). In this region, the reflectivity decreases,
A waveform 824p as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the waveform 824p according to the master method can be distinguished from the waveforms of other pit data. As described above, the same signal waveform as that obtained from the PCA area described later can be obtained also in the master disc method. However, in this case, FIG.
As compared with the cases shown in (a) and (b), it is slightly difficult to distinguish them.

As shown in FIG. 16A, the start position and the end position of the non-reflection section 564 having this waveform can be easily detected by the low reflection light amount detection section 586 in the block diagram of FIG. Then, by using the reproduced clock signal as a reference signal, position information can be obtained in the low reflection unit position information output unit 596. Here, FIG. 16A is a cross-sectional view of the optical disc.

As shown in FIG. 15, the low reflection light amount detecting section 5
The comparator 587 of 86 detects a low reflected light amount portion by detecting an analog light reproduction signal having a signal level lower than the light reference value 588. During the detection period, a low reflection portion detection signal having a waveform as shown in FIG. The address and clock position of the start position and end position of this signal are measured.

The optical reproduction signal is subjected to waveform shaping by a waveform shaping circuit 590 having an AGC 590a to become a digital signal. The clock reproducing unit 38a uses the waveform shaping signal to
Regenerate the clock signal. The EFM demodulator 592 of the demodulation unit 591 demodulates the signal, and the ECC decoder 36
The signal demodulated by the demodulator 592 is corrected for errors, and a digital signal is output. In the physical address output unit 593, the EFM demodulated signal outputs the MSF address from the Q bit of the subcode in the case of a CD from the address output unit 594, and outputs a synchronization signal such as a frame synchronization signal from the synchronization signal output unit 595. A demodulated clock is output from the clock reproducing unit 38a.

In the low reflection section address / clock signal position signal output section 596, an (n-1) address output section 597 is provided.
The start point and the end point of the low-reflection section 584 are accurately measured by the low-reflection-section start / end position detection section 599 using the address signal, the clock counter 598, and the synchronous clock signal or the demodulated clock. This method will be specifically described with reference to the waveform diagram of FIG. As shown in the cross-sectional view of the optical disc in FIG.
84 are partially provided. A reflected signal as shown in FIG. 16 (2), that is, an envelope signal as shown in FIG. 16 (3) is output, and becomes lower than the light amount reference value 588 in the reflecting section. This is detected by the light amount level comparator 587,
A low-reflection-light-amount detection signal as shown in FIG. Also, as shown in the reproduced digital signal of FIG. 16D, no digital signal is output because the mark area has no reflective layer.

Next, in order to determine the start and end positions of the low reflection light amount detection signal, the address information and the position shown in FIG.
The demodulated clock or synchronous clock of the above is used. First,
The reference clock 605 at the address n in FIG. 16 (7) is measured. When the address immediately before the address n is detected in advance by the (n-1) address output unit 597, the next SynC
It can be seen that 604 is the SynC of the address n. The clock counter 598 counts the number of clocks up to the start point of the SynC 604 and the low reflection light amount detection signal, that is, the reference clock 605. This number of clocks is defined as a reference delay time TD, and the reference delay time TD measuring unit 608 measures and stores the clock.

Since the delay time of the circuit differs depending on the reproducing apparatus for reading, the reference delay time TD differs depending on the reproducing apparatus for reading. Therefore, by using the TD to perform time correction by the time delay correction unit 607, there is an effect that the number of start clocks of the low reflection unit can be accurately measured even in a reading and reproducing apparatus having a different design. Next, FIG.
As shown in (8), the optical mark No. of the next track is displayed. When the number of start and end address clocks for 1 is obtained, a clock m + 14 at address n + 12 is obtained. TD = m +
Since it is 2, the number of clocks is corrected to 12, but n + 14 is used in the description. With this reading playback device,
Another method for eliminating the influence of the variable delay time without obtaining the reference delay time TD will be described. This method uses mark 1 and another mark 2 at address n in FIG.
By checking whether the relative positional relationships of the discs match each other, it can be determined whether the disc is a regular disc. That is, T
Ignoring D as a variable, the measured position of mark 1 a1 =
When a difference between a1 + TD and the position a2 = a2 + TD of the mark 2 is obtained, a1-a2 = a1-a2. At the same time, whether the disc is a legitimate disc can be checked by checking whether the position a1 of the mark 1 and the difference a1-a2 between the position information a2 of the mark 2 are identical. This method has the advantage that the position can be compared with a simpler configuration after correcting the variation of the reference delay time TD.

(D) Next, the encryption writing step will be described. The position information read in (C) is temporarily encrypted or digitally signed. The position information of the marking thus encrypted or the like is bar-coded as an ID unique to the optical disk, and is overwritten on a specific area of the pre-pit area of the optical disk. FIG.
The barcodes 584c to 584e in (a) represent barcodes overwritten in a specific area of the pre-pit area, that is, the innermost periphery of the pre-pit area.

FIGS. 3 (1) to 3 (5) show the state from the recording of the barcode to the demodulation of the detection signal of the barcode by the PE-RZ modulation signal demodulator. That is, the reflection layer is trimmed by the pulse laser in FIG. 3A, and a barcode-like trimming pattern as shown in FIG. 3B is formed. Playback device side (player side)
As shown in FIG. 3 (3), an envelope waveform in which the waveform is partially missing is obtained. Since the missing portion generates a low-level signal which is not generated by a signal due to a normal pit, when this is sliced by a comparator of the second slice level, a detection signal of a low reflection portion as shown in FIG. From the low reflection portion detection signal in FIG. 5 (5), the PE-RZ modulation signal demodulation portion 62 which will be described in detail in the latter half (II).
1 demodulates the reproduced signal of the barcode described above. Note that instead of the PE-RZ modulation signal demodulation unit 621,
Of course, a PWM (pulse width modulation signal demodulation unit) may be used. In this case, the same effect can be obtained.

When the above-mentioned encryption or digital signature is performed, a secret key of a public key cryptographic function is used.
FIGS. 18A and 18B show an example in which an RSA function is used as an example of encryption.

As shown in FIG. 18A, the large routine includes steps 735a for measuring the position information of the marking on the optical disk maker side, steps 695 for encrypting (or signing) the position information, and (E). Step 698 of decrypting the position information (or verifying or authenticating the signature) on the reproducing apparatus side described in detail in
Step 735 for checking whether the optical disk is a legitimate optical disk
w.

First, in step 735a, step 7
At 35b, the position information of the marking on the optical disk is measured. The position information is compressed in step 735d, and the position information H compressed in step 735e is obtained.

At step 695, a code of the compressed position information H is created. First, at step 695, 512
A d-bit or 1024-bit d and a 256- or 512-bit p and q secret key are set, and encryption is performed by the RSA function in step 695b. Assuming that the position information H is M shown in the figure, M is raised to the power d and m
Odn operation is performed to obtain the cipher C. At step 695d, the code C is converted into a bar code and recorded on the optical disk. Thus, the optical disk is completed, and the optical disk is shipped (step 735k).

In the reproducing apparatus, the optical disk is loaded in step 735m, and the cipher C is decrypted in step 698.
Specifically, the cipher C is reproduced in step 698e, e and n are set as public keys in step 698f, and the cipher C is raised to the power of e to decrypt the cipher C in step 698b. By calculating mod n, a plaintext M is obtained. The plaintext M is the compressed position information H.
Note that an error check may be performed in step 698g. If there is no error, it is determined that the position information has not been falsified, and the disc collation routine 735w of FIG.
Proceed to. If there is an error, it is determined that the data is not regular data, and the operation stops.

In the next step 736a, the compressed position information H is expanded, and the original position information is restored. In step 736c, it is determined whether or not there is actually a marking at the position on the optical disk indicated by the position information. In step 736d, it is checked whether the difference between the position information obtained by decoding and the actually measured position information is within an allowable range. In step 736e, the collation is OK.
If so, the flow advances to step 736h to output software or data in the optical disk or to operate a program. If the collation result is not within the allowable range, that is, if the two pieces of position information do not match, it is displayed that the optical disk is an illegally duplicated optical disk, and the operation is stopped at step 736g. In the case of the RSA function, since only the encryption needs to be recorded, there is an effect that a small capacity is sufficient.

(E) The various steps on the optical disk producing side have been described above. Next, a reproducing apparatus (player) for reproducing the completed optical disk on the player side will be described together with its configuration and operation with reference to FIG.

In the figure, first, an optical disk 9102
Will be described. A marking 9103 is provided on a reflective film (not shown) formed on the optical disc 9102. The position of the marking 9103 is detected by the position detecting means at the stage of manufacturing the optical disk, and the detected position is encrypted on the optical disk as the position information of the marking and written with the barcode 9104.

The position information reading means 9101 reads the bar code 9104 and incorporates therein the decoding means 9101.
At 105, the contents of the barcode are decoded and output. The marking reading means 9106 reads and outputs the actual position of the marking 9103. The comparing and judging means 9107 compares the result of decoding by the decoding means 9105 built in the position information reading means 9101 with the result of reading by the marking reading means 9106, and determines whether or not both match within a predetermined allowable range. judge. If they match, a reproduction signal 9108 for reproducing the optical disk is output.
A reproduction stop signal 9109 is output. The control means (not shown) controls the reproduction operation of the optical disk according to these signals, and when a reproduction stop signal is issued, a display unit (not shown) indicating that the optical disk is an illegally duplicated optical disk.
To stop the reproduction operation. Here, the marking reading unit 9106 may use the decoding result of the decoding unit 9105 when reading the actual position of the marking 9103.

That is, in this case, the marking reading means 9106 checks whether or not there is actually a marking at the position on the optical disk indicated by the position information decoded by the decoding means 9105.

According to such a reproducing apparatus, an illegally duplicated optical disc can be detected and its reproduction can be stopped, thereby effectively preventing illegal duplication. (II) Here, after the description of the first half (I) is completed, focusing on techniques such as a bar code forming method when bar code is formed by using the position information (ID number) of the marking as an ID unique to the disc. State.

(A) Features of the optical disk of the present invention will be described.

That is, when a barcode is recorded on the above-mentioned single-plate type disk by laser trimming, the protective layer 862 is destroyed in the same manner as in the case described above with reference to FIG. Therefore, after performing laser trimming in a press factory, the damaged protective layer 8
62 needs to be formed again at the press shop.

Therefore, a software company or a store that does not have such facilities cannot record a barcode on an optical disc. For this reason, a problem that the use of barcode recording is greatly limited is expected.

On the other hand, when the above-described marking position information is converted into a bar code and formed by laser trimming on a so-called lamination type disk produced by laminating two transparent substrate disks according to the present invention, As described with reference to FIG. 10A, it was confirmed that the protective layer 804 almost remained. This was confirmed by conducting an experiment and observing with an optical microscope of 800 times.
It was also confirmed that there was no change in the reflection film of the trimming portion even after an environmental test at a temperature of 85 ° C. and a humidity of 95% for 96 hours.

As described above, by applying the laser trimming of the present invention to a bonded disc such as a DVD, it is not necessary to re-attach a protective layer at a factory. On the other hand, there is a great effect that the barcode can be trimmed and recorded. As a result, the usefulness of barcode recording on a laminated optical disk was confirmed.

In this case, it is not necessary to provide the secret key information of the encryption of the software company outside the company. If security information such as a serial number for copy protection is recorded as a security information in a barcode, for example, the security may be reduced. Greatly improved. Further, as described later, in the case of a DVD, the bar code signal can be separated from the DVD pit signal by setting the trimming line width to 14T, that is, 1.82 μm or more. It can be recorded in a superimposed manner. The bar code formed in this way has an effect that it can be read using an optical pickup for reproducing a pit signal. This effect can be obtained not only in the case of the lamination type disk but also in the case of the above-mentioned single plate type optical disk.

As described above, by applying the bar code forming method and the modulation recording method of the present invention to a bonding type disk such as a DVD, a bonding type optical disk that can be subjected to secondary recording after factory shipment is obtained. Can be provided. The above description has focused on the case where a barcode is formed by laser trimming on a single-sided, double-sided optical disk (having two reflective films). This single-sided, two-layer optical disc is of a type that allows reproduction of both sides from one side of the disc without turning over the disc.

When the back side is reproduced, when the disc is turned over and trimming is performed on a laminated double-sided optical disc, a laser beam is applied to each reflective film formed one by one on each side. Penetrate at the same time. For this reason, barcodes can be formed on both surfaces at once. Therefore, there is an effect on media production that a barcode can be recorded on both sides simultaneously in one process.

In this case, the reproducing apparatus sets the optical disk upside down when reproducing the back surface, so that the reproducing apparatus has just compared with the reproduction of the bar code signal when reproducing the front surface.
The bar code signal in the reverse direction is reproduced. For this reason, a method for identifying the back surface is required, which will be described in detail later.

(B) Next, a bar code forming apparatus for an optical disc for recording the above-mentioned marking position information (ID number) as a disc-specific ID into a bar code and recording the bar code in a specific area of the pre-pit area. FIG. 23 shows the configuration and operation, and the barcode recording method and the like.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

(A) First, a bar code recording device for an optical disk will be described with reference to FIG.

Here, FIG. 23 is a configuration diagram of a bar code recording apparatus for carrying out the bar code forming method for an optical disk according to one embodiment of the present invention. Note that, in the above-described embodiment, the target of bar coding is obtained by encrypting the marking position information. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the bar code is issued from the ID generation unit 908 as shown in FIG. The input ID number and the input data may be used, or any other data may be used.

In FIG. 23, the ID number and the input data issued from the ID generation unit 908 are combined in the input unit 909, and are signed or encrypted by the RSA function or the like as necessary by the encryption encoder 830.
07 performs error correction coding and interleaving. An example of the encryption process and the process at the time of reproduction are shown in FIG. 45, and the detailed description thereof will be described later.

The RZ modulation section 910 performs phase encoding (PE) -RZ modulation described later.
In this case, the modulated clock is generated in the clock signal generator 913 in synchronization with the rotation pulse from the motor 915 or the rotation sensor 915a.

A trigger pulse is generated by the laser emitting circuit 911 based on the RZ modulation signal, and the laser 91 such as YaG established by the laser power supply circuit 929.
2 and a pulsed laser is emitted,
14 forms an image on the reflective film 802 of the bonded disc 800, and the reflective film is removed in a bar code shape. The error correction method will be described later in detail. The encryption scheme is shown in FIG.
A public key code like this is signed with a serial number using the secret key of the software company. In this case, since a person other than the software company does not have a secret key and cannot sign a new serial number, there is a great effect that the issue of a serial number of an illegal company other than the software company can be prevented. In this case, the security is high because the public key cannot be decrypted as described above. For this reason, forgery is prevented even if the public key is recorded on a disk and transmitted to the reproducing apparatus.

Here, the light collector 914 of the optical disk barcode forming apparatus of the present embodiment will be described in more detail.

As shown in FIG. 28A, the laser 91
The light from the light source 2 enters the light collector 914 and is collected by the collimator 91.
The light is collimated at 6 and converged in only one direction by a cylindrical lens 917 to become a stripe light. This light is cut by the master 918 and is focused by the focusing lens 919.
An image is formed on the reflective film 802 of the optical disk and removed in a stripe shape. Thus, a stripe is formed as shown in FIG. In the case of PE modulation, the interval between stripes is 1
There are three types, T, 2T, and 3T. If the intervals are shifted, jitter occurs and the error rate increases. In the present invention, the clock generation unit 913 generates a modulation clock in synchronization with the rotation pulse of the motor 915, and the modulation unit 910
Since the stripe 923 is recorded at an accurate position according to the rotation of the motor 915, that is, the rotation of the distor 800, the jitter is reduced. Note that FIG.
As shown in (1) of (1), laser scanning means 95
0 may be provided and the continuous wave laser may be scanned in the radial direction to form a bar code.

(B) Next, a method of recording a bar code by the above-described bar code recording device will be described with reference to FIGS.

Here, FIG. 24 shows signals obtained by encoding the RZ recording (return to polarity zero recording) of the present invention and the trimming patterns formed corresponding thereto. FIG. 25 shows a signal encoded in a conventional barcode format and a trimming pattern formed corresponding to the signal.

In the present invention, RZ recording is used as shown in FIG. This is because one unit time is divided into a plurality of time slots, for example, a first time slot 920a, a second time slot 921, a third time slot 922, etc., and when the data is "00", as shown in FIG. First
In the time slot 920a, a signal 924a having a time width smaller than the time slot cycle, that is, the cycle T of the channel clock is recorded. A pulse 924a narrower than the recording clock cycle T is output between t = T1 and t = T2.
In this case, the clock signal unit 913 to which the rotation pulse of the rotation sensor 915a of the motor 915 is input is the one shown in FIG.
When a modulated clock as shown in (1) is generated and recorded in synchronization, the influence of the uneven rotation of the motor is eliminated. In this way, as shown in FIG.
923a indicating "00" is recorded in the first recording area 925a of one recording area, and a circular barcode as shown in FIG. 27A is formed.

Next, when the data is "01", FIG.
As shown in FIG.
24b is recorded between t = T2 and t = T3. Thus, a stripe 923b is formed on the disk in the second recording area 926b from the left as shown in FIG. 24 (4).

Next, when data "10" and "11" are recorded, they are recorded in the third time slot 922a and the fourth time slot, respectively.

Here, for comparison, NRZ recording (non-return to zero recording) used in conventional bar code recording will be described with reference to FIG.

In the case of NRZ, as shown in FIG. 25A, a pulse 92 having the same width as the interval T of the time slot 920a is used.
8a and 928b are output. In the case of RZ, one pulse width and only a pulse width of 1 / nT are sufficient.
In the case of Z, a pulse having a wide width of T is necessary, and when T continues, if T continues, as shown in FIG.
Double and triple pulse widths are required. In the case of laser trimming as in the present invention, it is practically difficult to change the laser trimming width because the setting must be changed, and NRZ is not suitable. As shown in FIG. 25 (2),
Stripes 929a and 929b are formed in the first and third recording areas 925a and 927a from the left, and in the case of data "10", the second and third from the left as shown in FIG.
A stripe 929b having a width of 2T is formed in the second recording areas 926b and 927b.

In the case of conventional NRZ recording, FIG.
As shown in (3), since the pulse width is 1T and 2T, it is understood that the pulse width is not suitable for the laser trimming of the present invention. In the case of barcode formation by laser trimming according to the present invention, the barcode is formed as shown in the experimental result diagram of FIG. 8A, but the line width of trimming varies for each disc.
It is difficult to control precisely. This is because, when trimming the reflective film of the disk, the trimming line width varies due to variations in the output of the pulsed laser, and variations in the thickness and material of the reflective film, and the thermal conductivity and thickness of the substrate. Next, providing slots having different line widths on the same disk complicates the recording apparatus. For example, as shown in FIGS. 25A and 25B, in the case of NRZ recording used in a product barcode, the trimming line width is exactly 1T or 2 of the clock cycle.
It is necessary to match T, 3T, that is, nT. Especially 2T,
It is difficult to record while changing various line widths such as 3T for each bar (for each stripe). Since the conventional barcode format for commercial products is NRZ, if it is applied to the laser barcode of the present invention, it is difficult to accurately record different line widths of 2T and 3T on the same disk first, so that the yield is reduced. Next, stable recording cannot be performed because the width of laser trimming varies. For this reason, demodulation becomes difficult. By performing RZ recording as in the present invention, digital recording can be stably performed even if the trimming width of the laser fluctuates first. Next, in the RZ recording, only one kind of line width is required, so that there is no need to modulate the laser power, so that the configuration of the recording apparatus is simplified.

As described above, in the case of the laser barcode for a disk of the present invention, there is an effect that digital recording can be stably performed by combining RZ recording.

FIG. 26 shows an embodiment in which RZ recording and phase encoding modulation (PE modulation for short) are performed.

FIG. 26 shows a signal and stripe arrangement when the RZ recording shown in FIG. 24 is PE-modulated. First,
When data "0" is recorded, a signal is recorded in the left slot 920a of the two time slots 920a and 921a, and when data is "1", a signal is recorded in the right slot 921b as shown in FIG. . On the disc, as shown in FIGS. 26 (2) and (4), when the data is "0", the left recording area 925a and when the data "1" is the right recording area 9
26b are recorded as stripes 923a and 923b. Thus, in the case of data “010”, FIG.
As shown in (5), the pulse 924C is left, that is, "0",
The pulse 924d is output in the right or "1" time slot and the pulse 924e is output in the left or "0" time slot, and the stripes are trimmed on the disk at the left, right, and left positions by the laser. FIG. 26 (5) shows a signal obtained by modulating the data “010”. As can be seen, a signal always exists for each channel bit. That is, since the signal density is always constant, the DC component does not change.
As described above, in the PE modulation, since the DC component does not change, even if a pulse edge is detected during reproduction, it is resistant to the change in the low frequency component. Therefore, there is an effect that the demodulation circuit of the disk reproducing apparatus at the time of reproduction is simplified. Also, channel clock 2
Since there is always one signal 923 for each T, there is an effect that the synchronous clock of the channel clock can be reproduced without using the PLL.

Thus, a circular bar code as shown in FIG. 27A is recorded on the disk. When the recording data “01000” of (4) in FIG. 27 is recorded, in the PE-RZ modulation according to the embodiment of the present invention, a bar code 923a having the same pattern as the recording signal of (3) is recorded as in (2). Is done. When this bar code is reproduced by the optical pickup of the reproducing apparatus, as described with reference to FIG. 5 (6), a part of the pit modulation signal disappears due to the lack of the reflection layer of the bar coat, and the reflected signal disappears. A waveform like a reproduction signal is output. By passing this signal through a second-order or third-order LPF filter 943 shown in FIG.
The signal having the waveform after passing through the filter of (6) is obtained. By slicing this signal with a level slicer,
The reproduction data “01000” of (7) is demodulated.

(C) Next, the characteristics of the format of the optical disk on which the barcode is formed as described above, the tracking control method, and the rotational speed control method that can be used when reproducing the optical disk will be described.

(A) First, while describing the characteristics of the format of an optical disk on which a barcode is formed according to the present embodiment, it is assumed that tracking control is possible during reproduction (this case is also referred to as tracking ON state). An example will be described. The reproducing operation using the tracking control is shown in FIG. 40, and the details will be described later.

That is, as shown in FIG. 30, in the case of the DVD disk of the present embodiment, all data by pits are CL
V. The stripe 923 (that is, a barcode) is recorded in CAV. Where CLV
Recording means recording at a constant linear velocity, and CAV recording means recording at a constant rotation speed.

The stripe 923 of the present invention is recorded in CAV by being superimposed on the pre-pit signal in the lead-in data area in which the CLV-recorded address is recorded. That is, overwriting. The pre-pit signal area of the present invention is:
It corresponds to the entire data area where pits are formed. Further, the predetermined area of the pre-pit signal area according to the present invention corresponds to the area on the inner periphery of the optical disc, and is also called a PCA area (post-cutting area). In this PCA area,
The bar code is recorded in CAV superimposed on the pre-pit signal. As described above, the CLV data is recorded in the pit pattern of the master, and the CAV data is recorded in the missing portion of the reflection film by the laser. Because of the overwriting, pits are recorded between 1T, 2T, and 3T of the barcode stripe. The pit information can be used to perform tracking of the optical head, and Tmax or Tmin of the pit information can be detected. The signal is detected to control the rotation speed of the motor. In order to detect Tmin, the relationship between the trimming width t of the stripe 923a and the pit clock T (pit) is t as shown in FIG.
If it is> 14T (pit), the above-mentioned effect is obtained. If t is shorter than 14T, the signal of the pit portion and the signal of the stripe 923a have the same pulse width, and the two cannot be discriminated, so that the signal of the stripe 923a cannot be demodulated. In order to read the address information of the pit at the same radial position as the stripe, the length of the address area 944 is at least one address unit of the pit information as shown in FIG. There is an effect that it becomes possible. Further, as shown in FIG. 36, by setting the ratio of the stripe to the non-stripe, that is, the duty ratio to be T (S) <T (NS) of 50% or less, only the substantial reflectance is reduced by 6 db. There is an effect that the focus is stably applied.

Next, an example in which tracking control cannot be performed during reproduction (such a case may be referred to as a tracking OFF state) will be described.

That is, since the stripe 923 exists on the pit, the pit signal is interrupted and interrupted, and the tracking control may not be performed depending on the player depending on the player because the pit data is not normally reproduced. However, for such a player, the stripe 923, which is CAV data, can be reproduced by an optical pickup by rotating the CAV by performing rotation control using a rotation pulse from a hall element of the motor 17 or the like. .

FIG. 31 shows a flowchart of the operation procedure on the reproducing apparatus side when the pit data of the optical track is not normally reproduced in the stripe area.

In FIG. 31, when a disc is inserted in step 930a, first, in step 930b, the optical head is moved to the inner peripheral portion by a predetermined distance. Then, it reaches the region of the stripe 923 in FIG.

Here, the pit data in the stripe area 923 cannot reproduce all the pits normally.
Therefore, for the pit data recorded in the CLV,
Normally performed rotational phase control cannot be used in this case.

In step 930C, the rotation speed is controlled by measuring the rotation sensor of the hall element of the motor or the T (Max) or T (MIN) and frequency of the pit signal. If there is no stripe in step 930i, the process jumps to step 930f. If there is a stripe, the barcode is reproduced in step 930d, and if the reproduction of the barcode is completed in step 930e, step 93 is executed.
At 0f, the optical head is moved to the outer periphery without stripes.
Since there are no stripes in this area, pits are completely reproduced and focus and tracking servo are normally applied. Since the pit signal can be reproduced, normal rotation phase control can be performed, and CLV rotation is performed. Therefore, step 93
At 0h, the pit signal is normally reproduced.

As described above, by switching between the two rotation controls, that is, the rotation speed control and the rotation phase control based on the pit signal, there is an effect that two different types of data, that is, the bar code stripe data and the pit recorded data can be reproduced. . In this case, as a means for switching, since the stripe is located at the innermost periphery, the radial position of the optical head is measured from the stopper of the optical head and the address of the pit signal, and two rotation controls are reliably performed based on the measurement result. Can switch.

(B) Next, two control methods for controlling the rotation speed when reproducing a barcode according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

That is, as a first rotation speed control method, rotation speed control is performed by detecting Tmax of a pit signal (Tmax means a measurement time of a maximum pit length among various pit lengths). FIG. 41 shows a block diagram in the case of applying.

The signal from the optical head is shaped after waveform shaping.
The pulse interval of the pit signal is measured by the edge interval measuring means 953. The reference value generating means 956 of t0
Since the reference value information t0 having a pulse width larger than the pulse width 14T of the ynC signal and smaller than the pulse width t of the bar code signal is generated, the reference value information t0 is compared with the pulse width TR of the reproduced signal by the comparison means 954. And only when it is smaller than the reference value t0 and larger than Tmax in the memory means,
TR is sent to the memory means 955, and is set as Tmax. The controller 957 controls the motor drive circuit 958 based on the Tmax, and can control the rotation speed of the motor based on the Tmax. In the case of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9A, a large number of pulses having a period of 3 to 10 μs are generated by the barcode stripe. The SynC pulse is 14T for DVD, that is, 1.82 μm. On the other hand, the barcode stripe is 15 μm. In the case of Tmax control, a barcode pulse longer than the width 14T of the SynC pulse is determined as Tmax and is erroneously detected. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 41, by comparing with the reference value t0 and removing the barcode signal larger than the reference value t0, the rotation speed control of the normal rotation speed becomes possible even during the reproduction of the barcode stripe area. There is.

Next, as a second rotation control method, FIG.
The rotation speed control method of the Tmin (Tmin means the measurement time of the minimum pit length among various pit lengths) method detection will be described using FIG.

In the case of Tmin in FIG. 42, the pulse information TR from the edge interval detecting means 953 is compared by the comparing means 954a with Tmin in the memory means 955a. If TR <Tmin, a strobe pulse is generated, and Is replaced with Tmin.

In this case, the bar code pulse width t is 3 to 10 μm as described above, while Tmin is 0.5 to 0.8 μm.
It is. Therefore, even if the bar code area is reproduced, the width t of the bar code pulse is always larger than Tmin, so that TR <
The condition of Tmin is not satisfied. That is, there is no possibility of erroneously determining the barcode pulse as Tmin. Therefore T
By combining the rotation speed control of the min system and the barcode reading means 959, the rotation speed control by Tmin can be performed more stably while reproducing the barcode at the same time as compared with the Tmax system described above. There is. In this case, by detecting the edge interval with the oscillator clock 956 and obtaining the demodulation reference clock of the bar code reading means 959, the bar code can be demodulated in synchronization with the rotation.

(D) Next, a series of reproduction operations of the optical disk using the above-described control method and the like will be described.

First, referring to FIGS. 31 and 43, the rotation phase control mode and the rotation speed control mode are switched by the mode switch 96.
The first reproduction method will be described while explaining the method of switching in step 3. Then, the second and third reproduction methods of the optical disk of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The first and second reproduction methods described below are reproduction methods when tracking control cannot be performed, and the third reproduction method is a reproduction method when tracking control can be performed.

In FIG. 43, step 930 in FIG.
As described in b, 930C, first, the optical head is moved to the inner peripheral portion, and at the same time, the mode switch 963 is switched to a. In this case, the pickup (PU) position sensor 96
If it is detected that the radial position of the optical head moved by the moving unit 964 has come to the inner circumference, the mode switch 963 may be switched to A.

Next, the operation when the rotation speed control mode (step 930c in FIG. 31) is entered will be described with reference to FIG.

That is, the motor rotation frequency fm from the motor 969 and the frequency f2 from the second oscillator 968 are compared by the second frequency comparator 967, and an error signal is sent to the motor drive circuit 958. The rotation speed is controlled by controlling 969. In this case CAV
Due to the rotation, the barcode stripe can be reproduced.

When the reproduction of the bar code is completed as shown in step 930e of FIG. 31, the head is moved to the outer peripheral portion by the moving means 964, and the PU position sensor 96 is moved.
The mode switch 963 is switched to the B rotation phase control mode in response to a signal from the second or the like.

In the rotation phase control mode, the pit signal from the optical head is subjected to PLL control by the clock extracting means 960. The first frequency comparator 9 compares the frequency f1 of the first oscillator 966 with the frequency fS of the reproduction synchronization signal.
A comparison is made at 65 and a difference signal is sent to the motor drive circuit 958.
As a result, a rotation phase control mode is entered. Because of the phase control of the PLL by the pit signal, data synchronized with the synchronization signal of f1 is reproduced. If the optical head is moved to the bar code stripe area by the rotation phase control without switching between the rotation phase control and the rotation speed control, the phase control cannot be performed due to the stripe, and the motor runs away or an error occurs and the motor stops. Troubles occur. Therefore, by switching the rotation mode as shown in FIG. 43, there is a great effect that not only the barcode can be stably reproduced, but also the above-described rotation trouble can be avoided.

Next, the operation of the second reproducing method of the optical disk of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

The second reproducing method is a further improvement of the first reproducing method.

That is, the first reproduction method is a reproduction method for a disk for which the stripe presence / absence identifier 937 is not defined. Therefore, in the case of such an optical disc,
Since tracking is not performed in the stripe area, it takes time to determine whether the stripe is a regular stripe formed on the optical disk or an irregular flaw generated on the optical disk. Therefore, in reality, even when no stripe is formed,
A step for reading the stripe is always required, and it is necessary to check whether the stripe really exists or whether the stripe exists further on the inner peripheral side on the optical disk. Therefore, there is a case where a problem that the rise time is required extra is correspondingly caused. The second reproduction method is to solve such a problem.

That is, as shown in FIG. 38, when an optical disk is inserted, control data (Control Data) is reproduced in step 940a. In the control data area, physical characteristic information and attribute information of the optical disc are generally recorded as control data. That is, the optical disk is a laminated type single-sided 2
Information or the like that is said to be a layer is treated as physical characteristic information.

Here, as shown in FIG. 30, in the control data of the control data area 936 of the optical disk of the present invention, a PCA stripe presence / absence identifier 937 is recorded as a pit signal. Therefore, the optical head is once moved to the outer peripheral portion of the control data in step 940n. Thereafter, the optical head repeats the jump to the inner circumference side of the optical disc, and the control data area 93 is repeated.
Move to 6. At step 940a, the control data is reproduced. This makes it possible to determine whether or not a stripe has been recorded. If the stripe presence / absence identifier is 0 in step 940b, the process proceeds to step 940f, where the rotation phase control is performed and normal CLV reproduction is performed. If the presence / absence identifier 937 is 1 in step 940b, it is checked in step 940h whether there is a back side existence identifier 948 indicating whether the stripe is recorded on the reverse side of the reproduction side, that is, on the back side. Then, the recording surface on the back surface of the optical disk is reproduced. If the back side cannot be automatically reproduced, a back side reproduction instruction is output and displayed. Step 940
If it is found in step h that a stripe is recorded on the surface being reproduced, the process proceeds to step 940C, where the head is further moved to the stripe region 923 in the inner peripheral portion, and the process proceeds to step 940C.
At 40d, switching to rotation speed control is performed, and CAV rotation is performed to reproduce the stripe 923. If it is completed in step 940e, in step 940f, the mode is switched again to the rotation phase control and C
The optical head is moved to the outer periphery by performing the LV reproduction, and the data of the pit signal is reproduced.

Since the stripe presence / absence identifier 937 is recorded in the pit area of the control data or the like as described above, compared with the first reproducing operation described with reference to FIG.
There is an effect that the stripe can be reproduced more reliably and in a short time.

In this way, the tracking is turned off and the PCA
When the part is reproduced, the level of the noise signal caused by the pits decreases. On the other hand, the signal level by PCA does not change even if tracking is turned off. Therefore, FIG.
In the waveform after the filter (b), the pit signal is reduced, so that the PCA and the pit signal can be more easily distinguished from each other, and the circuit is simplified and the error rate is reduced.

Since the stripe is recorded on the back surface because of the presence of the stripe back surface presence identifier 948, in the case of a double-sided DVD optical disk, there is an effect that the bar code stripe can be reliably reproduced. Since the stripe of the present invention penetrates both reflective films of the double-sided disk, it can be read from the back surface. Stripe backside presence identifier 9
As can be seen from FIG. 48, when the stripe is reproduced, the reproduction is performed from the back side by reversing the code. In the present invention, FIG.
As shown in (a), the synchronization code uses 01000110. Therefore, when reproduced from the back side, "011000"
Since the sync code of 10 "can be detected, it can be detected that the bar code is being reproduced from the back surface. At this time, in the reproducing device shown in FIG. There is an effect that the penetrated barcode can be normally reproduced even when the reproduction is performed, and the reproduction apparatus shown in FIG.

Also, as shown in FIG.
By providing a guard band area 999 having a width of 300 μm in which only an address is recorded and no data is recorded between the area 998 and the control data area 936, access to control data can be performed more stably.

Hereinafter, the guard band area 999 will be described in more detail.

That is, when the optical head accesses the control data from the outer periphery, the optical head approaches the control data area 936 while jumping a plurality of tracks toward the inner periphery. Occasionally, the control data area 936 may be skipped and land on the inner periphery of the control data area. At this time, if there is a PCA area 998 adjacent to the inner peripheral portion of the control data, the address cannot be reproduced in the PCA area 998, so that the optical head cannot know its own position. Therefore, control of the optical head becomes impossible.

Therefore, by providing a guard band region having a width of, for example, 300 μm, which is larger than the width of one jump of the optical head, at the above-described position, for example, the optical head can control the control data region 936
Even if you jump over, you can always land in this guard band area. Then, since the optical head can read the address in the guard band area, it can know its own position, and from there, can return to the target control data area. Therefore, it is possible to control the optical head more quickly and more stably.

Further, as shown in FIG. 30, the control data includes an additional write data presence / absence identifier and a stripe recording capacity. That is, after a stripe is first recorded on the optical disc, another stripe can be additionally recorded in an area where the stripe is not recorded yet and is vacant. Thus, the stripe recorded first is referred to as a first stripe, and the stripe additionally recorded is referred to as a second stripe thereafter. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
If 3 has already been recorded, it is possible to calculate how much capacity the second trimming stripe 938 can record. Therefore, when the recording apparatus of FIG. 23 performs the second trimming based on the control data, it is possible to determine how much data can be recorded. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the recording of 360 ° or more from destroying the stripe of the first trimming. . As shown in FIG. 30, a blank portion 949 of one frame or more of the pit signal is provided between the first trimming stripe 923 and the second trimming stripe 938 to destroy the previous trimming data. Is prevented.

Further, as shown in FIG. 34B described later, since the trimming number identifier 947 is recorded in the synchronous code portion, data of the first trimming stripe and the data of the second trimming stripe can be identified. This has the effect. If this identifier is not present, the first in FIG.
The second stripe 923 and the second stripe 938
Cannot be determined.

Finally, the third reproduction method will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

That is, when the duty ratio of the stripe on the optical disk, that is, the area ratio is small, tracking is substantially performed in the stripe region as shown in FIG. Therefore, the addresses in the address area 944 on the same radius can be reproduced. In this case, while playing the stripe,
Since the address can be reproduced without changing the position of the optical head, there is an effect that the rise time after inserting the disk is shortened.

In this case, as described above, the address area, that is, the area without stripes may be continuously provided in one or more frames on the same radius.

The operation steps of this method will be described with reference to FIG.

First, a disc is inserted and step 947 is inserted.
The optical head is moved to the inner peripheral portion at a. If tracking is not performed in step 947n, the tracking method is switched from phase control to push-pull in step 947p. At step 947b, rotation speed control (CAV control) is performed to reproduce the address. If address reproduction is not possible in step 947c, the process proceeds to step 947i, in which the optical head is sent to the inner circumference to reproduce the PCA stripe. PCA
If it is possible to reproduce the address of the margin portion (corresponding to the portion where no overwriting is performed), the process proceeds to step 947e,
The optical head is moved in the radial direction to the address area where the stripe exists based on the address. P at step 947q
It is determined whether or not there is a CA stripe. If the result of this determination is that there is no PCA stripe, step 947r
To read the PCA flag of the control data.
Then, in step 947s, the presence or absence of the PCA flag is determined.
Jump to and, if the radius result is found, go to Step 9
Return to 47c.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step 947q that there is a PCA stripe, the flow advances to step 947f to reproduce the PCA stripe. If the reproduction is completed in step 947g, the control is switched to the rotation phase control in step 947h, the optical head is moved to the outer peripheral portion, and the pit signal is reproduced. In step 947t, the PCA flag of the control data is read. If there is no PCA flag, an error message is issued in step 947k.
Returning to 7m, the processing is continued.

(E) Next, the production contrivance in the optical disk barcode forming method of the present invention will be described in more detail. In addition, a barcode reproducing device will be briefly described.

(A) First, a production contrivance in a barcode recording method will be described.

In the case of the above-described bar code recording method shown in FIG. 28, the minimum interval between the light emission pulses is 1t.
The laser emission frequency of the frequency of the laser f _L to the fC = 1 / f _L is required. In this case, f _L per second
/ 2 barcode bars can be recorded. However, FIG.
When the optical deflector 931 is used as shown in FIG. 9, the minimum interval between the light emission pulses can be 2t, so that the light emission frequency is f _L = １ ／.
t, and a laser having a half frequency is sufficient. Therefore, when lasers of the same frequency are used, the use of the optical deflector 931 enables the recording of twice as many bar codes, that is, f _L bar codes per second. This reduces production tact time by two.
There is an effect that it can be doubled.

Therefore, referring to FIG. 29, a double-tact device using an optical deflector 931 (referred to as "switch recording").
Will be described in more detail mainly on the parts different from FIG.

The beam is switched to the sub-beam 946 by the optical deflector 931 such as an acousto-optic modulator when the deflection signal is switched to the main beam 945 and the sub-beam 946, and passes through the sub-slit 932b to form the sub-stripe 934. Is done. That is, when it is "0", a normal stripe 933 is formed. Only when data of "1" is recorded, the deflection signal is turned on as shown in FIG. 29B, and the optical deflector 931 switches to the sub beam 946, and the stripe is recorded at the position of the sub stripe 934. Thus, stripes 933a and 933b of "0" and a stripe 934a of "1" are formed on the disk as shown in FIG. In this case, the laser emission pulse may be every 2t, so that a laser having a half frequency as compared with the case of FIG. 28 may be used. That is, as described above, when pulse lasers of the same frequency are used, stripes can be formed with double clocks, and thus there is an effect that productivity is doubled.

Next, a format suitable for switch recording described with reference to FIG. 29 will be described using the data structure of the synchronization code in FIG. The data configuration of the synchronization code is also a device for improving the productivity.

That is, the fixed pattern in FIG.
1000110 ". Usually, 0 and 1 are the same number of" 0 ".
Although the data structure is generally 1000111 "or the like, this data structure is intentionally used in the present invention. The reason will be described below.

In order to perform the switch recording shown in FIG. 29, two or more pulses are prevented from entering one time slot, ie, 1T section. The data area is a PE as shown in FIG.
-Switch recording is possible because of RZ recording. However, since the synchronization code of FIG. 34 (a) arranges irregular channel bits, there is a possibility that two pulses exist in 1T in a normal method, and in this case, the switch recording of the present invention cannot be performed. In the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. Therefore, there is one right pulse in T1, one pulse in T2, one right pulse in T3, and one left pulse in T4, and there are no more than two pulses in each time slot. Therefore, the adoption of the synchronous code of the present invention enables switch recording, and has an effect that the production speed can be doubled.

(B) Next, an apparatus for reproducing bar codes recorded on an optical disk by the above-described method will be briefly described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the reproducing apparatus already described in (1). In the first half (1), FIG.
Although described as an apparatus for reading the position of the marking formed on the reflective film of the optical disk, FIG.
5 is used as a barcode reading device, that is, a reproducing device.

In FIG. 15, the demodulation operation will be described again. First, high frequency components due to pits are removed from the signal output of the stripe by a low-pass filter (LPF filter) 943.

In the case of DVD, T = 0.13 μm, maximum 14
The signal of T may be reproduced. In this case, FIG.
It was confirmed by an experiment that the signal of the stripe and the high frequency component due to the pit can be separated by the second- or third-order Chebyhoff-type low-pass filter shown in FIG. That is, if a second-order or higher LPF is used, the pit signal and the barcode signal can be separated, and the barcode can be stably reproduced. FIG. 35B shows a simulation waveform when a signal having a pit length of 14T is continuously recorded.

By using the LPF 943 of the second or higher order as described above, the pit reproduction signal can be almost removed and the stripe reproduction signal can be output, so that there is an effect that the stripe signal can be surely demodulated. The width of the striped signal demodulated in this manner (FIG. 36 (b) indicates that the width of the striped signal is 15 μm) depends on the width of the sampling period of the microcomputer (see FIG. 36 (c)). If it is smaller than tm, the measurement of the stripe signal may be inaccurate. For example, among the stripe signals shown in FIG. 36B, the left stripe signal cannot be detected because it is included during the sampling period of the microcomputer. Therefore, the width of the stripe signal obtained by reading the stripe is determined using a flip-flop circuit as shown in FIG.
As shown in (d), the waveform is shaped so as to be larger than the sampling cycle width tm of the microcomputer. FIG.
(D) is a waveform diagram after the stripe width is increased to the width of Bw. Since the waveform-shaped signal can be detected by a sampling pulse (see FIG. 36C) from the microcomputer, the stripe signal can be measured more reliably.

Next, description of the demodulation operation will be continued with reference to FIG. That is, digital data is demodulated in the PE-RZ demodulation unit 942 in this manner. This data is error-corrected in the ECC decoder 928. The deinterleaving section 928a deinterleaves, and the RS decoder 928b calculates Reed-Solomon codes and corrects errors.

Here, the relevance with the production tact will be described briefly.

Here, FIG. 33A is a data configuration diagram after bar code data in this embodiment is ECC-encoded, and FIG. 33B is an embodiment in the case where n = 1. FIG. 3 is a data configuration diagram after ECC encoding in FIG. FIG. 33C shows the ECC according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an error correction capability.

In the present invention, the interleaving and Reed-Solomon error correction encoding shown in the data configuration of FIG. 33A are performed by using an ECC encoder 927 as shown in FIG. Will be
Therefore, by adopting this data error correction method, as shown in FIG. 33 (c), even under conditions where an error of 10.sup.- ⁴ occurs, only one out of 10.sup.7 optical discs is required. No reading error occurs. In this data configuration, the same Sync Code is attached to four columns in order to reduce the data length of the Code, so that the type of the Sync Code is reduced to 1/4 and the efficiency is increased. Here, the scalability of the data configuration will be further described with reference to FIG. In the present invention, FIG.
As shown in the example of (c), the recording capacity is set to, for example, 12B (1
It can be arbitrarily increased or decreased in 16B units within a range from 2 bytes) to 188B. As shown in FIG. 33 (c), n = 1 to n = 1
You can change up to 2.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 33 (b) and 14 (a), the data configuration when n = 1 includes only four data rows 951a, b, c, and d. EC
C rows 952a, b, c, and d are obtained. FIG. 14A is a diagram showing FIG. 33B in more detail. Data line 95
1d becomes 4B of EDC. FIG. 14B is a diagram equivalently showing this. That is, as shown in FIG. 14B, the encoding operation of the error correction code is performed on the assumption that all the data rows from 951e to 951z contain 0 equivalently. The arithmetic expressions for EDC and ECC are shown in FIGS. Such ECC encoding is performed by the ECC encoder 927 of the recording apparatus in FIG. 1 and recorded on the disk as a barcode. n =
In the case of 1, data of 12b can be recorded at an angle of 51 degrees on the disk. Similarly, when n = 2, 18B data can be recorded, and when n = 12, 271B data can be recorded in the 336 degree angle range of the disk. In the present invention, when the data amount is small by encoding and decoding by EDC and ECC arithmetic expressions shown in FIGS. 14C and 14D, it is the same as adding 0 to the remaining data of 188B. And is recorded with a small recording capacity. For this reason, the production tact can be shortened. When performing laser trimming as in the present invention, the scalability described above has an important meaning. That is, when laser trimming is performed in a factory, it is important to shorten the production tact.
In a low-speed apparatus for trimming one line at a time, it takes ten seconds or more to record a maximum capacity of several thousand lines. The production tact required for disc production is 4 seconds for one disc, so recording the maximum capacity reduces the production tact. On the other hand, as an application of the present invention, for example, initially, a Disk ID number is mainly used,
The capacity of the area A may be about 10B. 27 to write 10B
In 1B recording, the processing time of the laser is increased six times, so that the production cost is increased. By using the scalability scheme of the present invention, production costs and time are reduced.

It is to be noted that the reproducing apparatus shown in FIG.
In the C decoder 928, for example, the 33rd (b)
In the case of n = 1 shown in FIG. 14, it is assumed that all the data 0 are contained in the data rows 951e to 951z as shown in FIG. 14B, and the EDC and EC of FIGS.
By performing the C error correction operation, there is an effect that data of 12b to 271b can be corrected by the same program. In this case, since the number of program steps is reduced, there is an effect that the ROM capacity of the microcomputer may be reduced.

Further, as shown in FIG. 36, the pulse width when the width of the stripe is reproduced is set to about 1/2 or less of one cycle. Since there are three types of stripe intervals, 1T, 2T and 3T, the ratio of the sum of the areas of all the stripes on one track to the total area of one track is 1/3.
It becomes below. By taking this measure, the reflectance of the stripe portion becomes 2/3, that is, about 50% for a disk having a standard reflectance of 70%, and the focus control can be performed by a general ROM disk player, so that the PCA portion can be reproduced. effective.

(F) Next, an example of the above-described barcode encryption (including a digital signature) and another method of using the barcode will be described with reference to the drawings.

(A) First, an example of a barcode encryption process and a reproduction process will be described with reference to FIG.

That is, as shown in FIG. 45, an ID number 4504 unique to each optical disk is generated by the ID generation section 4502. At the same time, the ID signature unit 4503 performs a digital signature on each ID number using a specific public key and a specific secret key corresponding to the ID number.
04 and as a series of data
Sent to 01. This digital signature is performed by the encryption encoder 4508 on the ID number encrypted with the secret key of the public key cryptographic function. The public key corresponding to this secret key is sent to the press factory 4501. In the press factory 4501, the optical disk 4506
The PCA writer 4507 records a bar code on the transmitted ID number and the corresponding digital signature result 4505 in the PCA area. In addition, the above-mentioned public key is recorded in the master disk, that is, in the pit portion in advance.
In the reproducing apparatus (player) 4509, the optical disk 4506 thus created is set, the public key is read from the pit portion, and the ID number and its digital signature are read from the bar code in the PCA area. The result is read by the encryption decoder 4510 and decrypted using the public key. The decryption result is sent to the matching unit 4511,
If the result of the determination is that the digital signature data is correct, the reproducing operation of the optical disk is continued. If the digital signature data is incorrect as a result of the determination, the operation is stopped. If the digital signature data and the plaintext of the ID are recorded in the PCA area, it is sufficient to check whether the decryption result matches the plaintext of the ID. If only the digital signature data is recorded in the PCA area, an error check is performed and collation is performed. When encryption is performed using public key encryption in this way, only a software company having a private key can issue a new ID number. Therefore, even if a pirated disk is produced, only the encryption with the same ID is recorded in the PCA area, so that the use of the pirated disk is greatly limited. This is because, in this case, by applying network protection, unauthorized use of software having the same ID number can be prevented. It is needless to say that the method described above with reference to FIG. 45 can be used on the Internet.

(B) Next, another embodiment of the bar code using method will be described with reference to FIG.

The present embodiment is an example in which an encryption key used for communication is recorded in the PCA area as the above-described barcode.

That is, as shown in FIG.
01 has an ID number and a public key of a public key cryptographic function as a corresponding encryption key as a table 4602. In the press factory 4601, the PCA writer 46
03, the PCA area 460 of the optical disc 4604
5, the ID numbers and the corresponding public keys are recorded.

Next, a case where the user purchases the optical disk 4604 thus created and reproduces it will be described. For example, there is a case where movie software recorded on an optical disk is viewed. The user checks the optical disk 460
In order to watch the movie No. 4, the system management center 461
It is necessary to perform a charging procedure for 0 and thereby obtain a password that enables reproduction.

For this reason, first, the user
Set 04. The PCA area and the like are reproduced by the communication software of the personal computer 4606, and the public key is read. When the user inputs his or her credit card number or recite number, it is encrypted by the encryption decoder 4607 with a public key and transmitted to the system management center 4610 via the communication line 4620. In the system management center 4610, the communication unit 4611 reads the plaintext ID number from the transmission data. Then, the communication unit 4611
Finds the secret key corresponding to the ID number from the encryption key table 4612 and decrypts the transmission data. That is, the system management center 4610 has an encryption key table 4612 indicating the correspondence between the ID number and the secret key corresponding to the public key in advance. System management center 46
10 charges based on the user's credit card number and recite number in the decrypted data. At the same time, a password is issued to the user. This password is the ID number of the disk and the disk 4
604 corresponds to a specific movie or computer software number. The user who has obtained the password can view a desired movie or install computer software using the password.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the public key can be recorded in advance as a barcode on the optical disc.
As in the related art, there is an effect that the labor and time for separately sending the public key from the system management center to the user can be saved. Also, security can be maintained even if a communication key (public key) is given to a press factory where security is not controlled. Also, since the public key is changed for each disk,
Even if the security of one disk, that is, one user is broken, the security of another user is maintained. Also, since the public key is different for each disc, there is an effect that the risk of a third party placing an illegal order is reduced. If the communication public key is recorded on the master, it is impossible to prevent a third party from illegally placing an order. In FIG. 46, as the communication key,
Although the case where the public key is used has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a similar effect can be obtained by using a secret key. However, in this case, security is slightly lower than in the case where a public key is used. It is needless to say that the method described with reference to FIG. 46 can also be used on the Internet.

FIG. 22 shows a method for descrambling and decrypting with a password using the network described in FIG.
This will be specifically described with reference to FIG. In step 901a of the flowchart in FIG. 22, software in the disc checks whether the scramble identifier is ON.
Proceed to b, and continue if scrambled. Y
If yes, check in step 901b whether the software has been scrambled. If yes, connect to the personal computer network in step 901c, and enter the user ID and software ID in step 901b.
If there is a drive ID in step 901f, the drive ID data is sent to the password issuing center in step 901f. After confirming the payment, in step 901g, the drive ID and software ID are cryptographically operated using the sub secret key to generate a password. Send password to step 901
Proceed to h. The user's personal computer calculates the password using the sub-public key and compares it with the drive ID. If OK, the process proceeds to step 901n, where software scrambling and encryption are released.

Next, returning to step 901c, if NO, it is checked in step 901h whether there is a disk ID. If yes, the data of the disk ID is sent to the password issuing center in step 901i. When the payment is confirmed, in step 901j, the disk ID and the software ID are cryptographically operated using the sub secret key to generate a password.
This password is transmitted to the user, and the user's personal computer calculates the password using the sub-public key in step 901m, and compares the calculated password with the disk ID. If the collation is OK, descrambling is performed in step 901n.

As described above, by communicating with the password issuing center via the network using the disk ID, the scramble and encryption of the software in the disk can be released. In the case of the disk ID of the present invention, the ID is different for each disc, so that the password is different and the security is high. Although encryption communication is omitted in FIG. 22, the communication between step 901i and step 901j uses the encryption of the public key recorded in the PCA as shown in FIG. Go up. Therefore, there is an effect that personal billing information can be transmitted safely even with low-security communication means such as the Internet.

As described above, the first half (I) and the second half (II)
Once the explanation of (A) has been completed,
A description will be given of incidental items related to the reproduction from the manufacturing of the optical disc to the player side, which have been described in (E).

(A) A low-reflection-portion address table, which is a low-reflection-portion position information list, will be described.

(A) That is, a laser marking is formed at random in a factory in advance in a piracy prevention mark forming step. In this way, the laser marking formed cannot be of the same shape. In the next step, the low reflection portion 584 is set for each disc as described above for the DVD.
In the case of, measurement was performed with a resolution of 0.13 μm, and FIG.
A low reflection part address table 609 as shown in FIG. Here, FIG. 13A is a diagram showing a low-reflection-portion address table of a regular CD created according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 13B is a diagram in which the CD is illegally copied. FIG. This low reflection section address table 609 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, a bar code-shaped low reflection portion group 584C to 584e having no reflection layer is provided on the innermost portion of the disk as shown in FIG. It is recorded in the formation process. FIG. 18 is a flowchart of disc verification using a one-way function used for encryption. As shown in FIG. 13, the low reflection part address tables 609 and 609x are significantly different between a regular CD and an illegally copied CD. One of the factors is that, as described above, laser marking cannot be made in the same shape.
Further, the fact that the addresses of sectors allocated in advance on the disk differ between the master disks of the disk is also a second factor that greatly differs between the two.

That is, with reference to FIG. 13, a description will be given of the difference between the positional information obtained between the authorized disk and the pirated disk with respect to the marking. FIG. 6 shows a case where the first and second factors overlap. Also, two markings are formed on the disk. That is, in the case of a regular CD with respect to the marking of the mark number 1, as shown in the address table 609, the first mark is located at the position of the 262nd clock from the start point in the sector of the logical address a1. is there. One clock is for DVD
Since it is 0.13 μm, it is measured with this accuracy.
Next, in the case of the pirated CD, as shown in the address table 609x, it is located at the position of the 81st clock in the sector at the address a2. Thus, since the position of the first mark is different between the legitimate disk and the pirated disk, the pirated disk can be found. Similarly, the position of the second mark is different. In order to make the position information coincide with the legitimate disk, the pirated disk does not operate unless the reflective film at the 262nd position of the sector at the address a1 is processed with one clock unit, that is, with an accuracy of 0.13 μm.

In the example shown in FIG. 16, as shown in FIG. 17, the values of the low reflection part address tables 609 and 609x are different between the regular disk and the illegally copied disk. FIG.
As shown in (8), in the regular disk, the start and end of the track following mark 1 are m + 14 and m + 267.
M + 2 for an illegally duplicated disk like 6 (9)
1, m + 277, which is different. In this way, as shown in FIG. 17, the values of the low reflection area address tables 609 and 609x are different, and the duplicate disk can be identified. This low reflection section address table 6
09 is reproduced by an illegal duplicator,
They need to perform laser trimming accurately with the resolution of the reproduced clock signal as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 20 (5) which is a diagram showing a waveform diagram of a PLL reproduction clock signal in the optical reproduction signal,
In the case of a DVD disk, if the period T of one pulse of the reproduction clock pulse is converted into the distance on the disk, the interval between the one pulse on the disk is 0.13 μm. Therefore,
In order to perform illegal duplication, it is required to remove the reflective film at a submicron resolution of 0.1 μm. Certainly, when using optical heads for optical disks, CD-R
Can be recorded on a recording film such as However, the reproduced waveform is as shown in FIG. 9C, and a unique waveform 824 as shown in FIG. 9A cannot be obtained unless the reflection film is removed.

(B) Accordingly, laser trimming using a high-power laser such as YaG can be considered as the first method for mass-producing pirated copies from which the reflective film is removed. At present, the machining accuracy of the laser trimming for machining, which has the highest accuracy, is only a few μm. It is said that 1 μm is the limit of the processing accuracy also in laser trimming for mask correction of semiconductors. That is, it is difficult to achieve a processing accuracy of 0.1 μm on a mass production level by laser trimming.

(C) As a second method, an X-ray exposure apparatus or an ion beam processing apparatus for processing a semiconductor mask of an VLSI is known which currently achieves a processing accuracy of submicron. In addition, since the processing time for one disk is required for a very expensive device, the cost of one disk is high when processing is performed for each disk. Therefore, at present, the cost exceeds the selling price of most regular discs, making it unprofitable and meaningless to make pirated discs.

(D) As described above, in the first method, laser trimming, since submicron processing is difficult,
Mass production of pirated disks is difficult. Further, in the second method, a submicron processing technique such as X-ray exposure, the cost per disc is too high, and the production of pirated discs becomes economically insignificant. Until the low-cost submicron mass-production processing technology is put into practical use, pirated copies are prevented. The piracy is prevented because such technology will not be put into practical use in the distant future. When a low reflection portion is provided in each layer of a two-layer disc, FIG.
Unless the upper and lower pits are aligned and bonded together as shown in Fig. 7, a pirated disk cannot be duplicated, thus further improving the prevention effect.

(B) Next, a description will be given of a matter for specifying the arrangement angle of the low reflection portion on the disk as predetermined.

According to the present invention, a sufficient anti-piracy effect can be obtained only by the reflection layer level, that is, the marking of the low reflection portion. In this case, even if the master is a duplicate product, there is an effect of prevention. But,
Combined with the master-level piracy prevention technology, the prevention effect can be further enhanced. If the arrangement angle of the low reflection portion on the disk is specified as shown in Table 532a and Table 609 of FIG. 13A, the pirate trader needs to accurately duplicate up to the arrangement angle of each pit of the master. The cost of the pirated version is higher, so the suppression effect is higher.

(C) Here, in the above description of the reading of the optical marking non-reflective portion on the optical disk in which two disks are laminated, the operation principle will be described mainly with respect to the points not touched.

That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the address number, the frame number, and the clock number of the start position have a resolution of 1t unit.
The optical mark of the present invention can be accurately measured with a resolution of 3 μm. FIGS. 20 and 21 show a method of reading the address of the optical mark in FIG. Since the operation principle is the same as that of FIG. 16, the signals (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) of FIGS.
Is omitted.

Here, FIG. 16 showing the principle of detecting the position of the low reflection portion in the case of a CD, and FIGS. 20 and 21 in the case of a DVD
The correspondence with is described.

FIG. 16 (5) shows the relationship between FIG. 20 (1) and FIG.
This corresponds to (1). The reproduced clock signal in FIG. 16 (6) corresponds to FIGS. 20 (5) and 21 (5). FIG.
The address 603 of (7) is as shown in FIG. 20 (2) and FIG. 21 (2)
Corresponding to

The frame SyncC604 shown in FIG.
Corresponds to FIGS. 20 (4) and 21 (4). FIG.
The start clock number 605a in (8) corresponds to the reproduction channel clock number in FIG. In place of the end clock number 606 in FIG.
In 1 (7), data compression is measured using a 6-bit marking length.

As shown in the figure, the detection operation is basically the same for CD and DVD.
The difference is that the layer identifier of the 1-bit mark in (7) includes an identifier indicating whether the low-reflection portion is a single layer or a double layer, as indicated by 603a. In the case of a two-layer DVD, the prevention effect is enhanced as described above. The second difference is that the linear recording density is nearly twice as high, so that 1 t of the reproduction clock is 0.13 μm.
, The detection resolution of the position information is further increased, and the prevention effect is high.

FIG. 20 shows a first-layer signal when a two-layer optical disk having two reflective layers is used, and signal (1) shows a state in which the start position of the first-layer optical mark is detected. Is shown. FIG. 21 shows the state of the signal on the second layer.

When reading the second layer, a switching signal is sent from the one-layer / two-layer switching unit 827 to the focus control unit 828 in FIG. 15, and the focus is switched from the first layer to the second layer by the focus driving unit 829. From FIG. 20, it can be seen that the address is (n), and the frame synchronization signal of the signal (4) is counted by the counter. The PLL reproduction clock number of the signal (5) is known, and the optical marking position data of the signal (6) is obtained. Using this position data, an optical mark can be measured with a resolution of 0.13 μm by a general consumer DVD player.

(D) Next, further description will be given of a related matter of an optical disk in which two disks are bonded.

FIG. 21 shows the address position information of the optical marking formed on the second layer. As shown in the step (b) of FIG. 7, the laser beam penetrates the first and second layers and is made in the same hole, so that the non-reflective portion 81 formed in the first reflective layer 802 is formed.
5 and the non-reflection portion 826 formed in the second reflection layer 825 have the same shape. This state is shown in the perspective view shown in FIG. In the present invention, after the transparent substrate 801 and the second substrate 803 are bonded to each other, the same mark is formed in two layers by penetrating a laser. In this case, since the pit coordinate arrangement is different between the first and second layers, and the positional relationship between the first and second layers at the time of bonding is random, marks are formed in different bit portions between the first and second layers. Thus, completely different position information can be obtained. The two pieces of position information are encrypted to create a pirated disc. If the disc is illegally copied, it is necessary to match the optical marks of the two layers with an accuracy of about 013 μm. As described above, it is impossible at present to copy optical marks and pits with optical marks with an accuracy of 0.13 μm, that is, 0.1 μm.
There is a possibility that a mass production technique capable of trimming a large number of single-layer discs at a low cost with a processing accuracy of 0.1 μm will be realized.
Even in this case, in the case of the double-layer bonded disc 800, the upper and lower two discs are trimmed at the same time.
It is necessary to align the pit arrangement and the optical marks on the sheet with an accuracy of several μm. However, it is almost impossible to bond with this accuracy due to the temperature coefficient of the polycarbonate substrate and the like. For this reason, when an optical mark is created by penetrating a laser through the two-layer disc 800, a pirated mark that is extremely difficult to duplicate is obtained. For this reason, the effect of increasing the piracy prevention effect is obtained.

As described above, an optical disk subjected to piracy prevention processing is completed. In this case, in the case of anti-piracy use, if the disc process and the laser cutting process cannot be separated like a veneer, the encryption process integrated with the laser cutting process and the processing of the secret key of the encryption are performed in the disc factory. Will be. In other words, in the single-plate system, the secret key for encryption of the software company needs to be passed to the disk factory, and the confidentiality of the encryption is greatly reduced. On the other hand, in the method of laser processing a bonded disk, which is one of the measures according to the present invention, laser trimming can be completely separated from the disk manufacturing process. Therefore, laser trimming and encryption work can be performed at the factory of the software manufacturer. There is no need to hand over the secret key of the software manufacturer's encryption to the disk factory, and the encryption secret key does not go outside the software manufacturer, greatly improving the encryption confidentiality.

(E) As is apparent from the above description, in the present invention, a legitimate trader can produce a legitimate disk by processing with a general-purpose laser trimming device having a processing accuracy of several tens of μm. Although 0.13 μm is required for measurement accuracy,
This can be measured by a general circuit of a consumer DVD player. By encrypting this measurement result with a cryptographic secret key, a regular disk can be produced. That is, a legitimate trader requires only a secret key and a measuring instrument with a measuring accuracy of 0.13 μm, and the required processing accuracy is several tens μm, which is two to three orders of magnitude worse. Therefore, a general laser processing device may be used. On the other hand, the pirate trader has no secret key, so he has to copy the encryption of the legitimate disk as it is. It is necessary to process the physical mark corresponding to the position information of the encryption, that is, the position information of the regular disk, with a processing accuracy of 0.13 μm.
In other words, it is necessary to create a low reflection portion mark with a processing machine having a processing precision two orders of magnitude higher than a processing machine of a regular trader. Mass production with this two-digit higher processing accuracy, that is, 0.1 μm accuracy, is difficult from a technical and economic point of view in the near future. For this reason, pirated discs are prevented while the DVD standard continues. That is, one of the points of the present invention lies in the fact that the measurement accuracy is generally several orders of magnitude higher than the processing accuracy.

The above-mentioned fact utilizes the fact that the coordinate arrangement of the addresses of the master is different in the case of CLV as described above. FIG. 48 shows the result of measurement for the actual CD address position. In general, a master disc is recorded by rotating a motor at a constant rotation speed, ie, constant angular velocity (CAV), and is recorded at a constant linear velocity, ie, constant linear velocity (CLV).
There are two types of information recorded by rotating the disk. In the case of a CAV disk, since the logical addresses are arranged at a predetermined angle, the logical addresses and the physical arrangement angles on the master are the same no matter how many times the master is created. However, in the case of a CLV disk, since only the linear velocity is controlled, the arrangement angle of the logical address on the master is random. As shown in the measurement result of the actual logical addresses of the CDs shown in FIG. 48, even if the same data is recorded by the master disc producing device, the tracking pitch, the starting point, and the linear velocity are slightly different each time, and this error is accumulated. Therefore, the physical arrangement is different. In FIG. 48, the arrangement of each logical address of the master created on the first time on the disk is indicated by a white circle, and the second time, the third time
The arrangement of the master is shown by black circles and triangles. Thus, it can be seen that the physical arrangement of the logical address changes each time a master is created. FIG. 17 is a comparison diagram of a low reflection part address table between a regular disc and a disc illegally copied.

In the foregoing, the prevention method at the master level has been described. This is because when a master for CLV recording such as a CD or DVD is created from the same logical data by using a master creating apparatus, FIG.
As shown in Fig. 8, for legitimate disks and pirated disks,
The physical arrangement of each pit on the master differs from master to master. Focusing on this point, discrimination between a legitimate disk and a pirated disk is performed. Master-level piracy prevention technology can prevent logical-level piracy, which simply duplicates only data on a legitimate disk. However, recently, pirate vendors with higher technology have appeared, and by melting the polycarbonate substrate of a regular disk, it has become possible to create a replica master having the exact same physical shape as the regular disk. In this case, the master level piracy prevention method is broken. In order to prevent the production of this new pirated disk, the present invention has devised a piracy prevention method at a reflective layer level for marking a reflective film.

Further, in the method of the present invention, as described above, even if the master is the same, the marking is formed by partially removing the reflecting film in the reflecting film forming step for each disk formed using the master. create. Therefore, the position and shape of the low-reflection portion marking differ from disk to disk. It is almost impossible to partially remove the reflective film accurately with sub-micron accuracy in a normal process. Therefore, duplication of the disk of the present invention is not economically feasible, so that the effect of preventing duplication is high.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing the detection of a duplicate CD based on the low reflection area address table. Depending on the design of the optical head and the circuit of the reproducing apparatus, the delay time required for detecting the optical mark is very small but different. The circuit delay time TD can be predicted at the time of design or mass production. The optical mark obtains position information by measuring the number of clocks, that is, time, from the frame synchronization signal. Therefore, an error occurs in the detection data of the position information of the optical mark due to the influence of the circuit delay time. Then, even a legitimate disk is determined to be a pirated disk, which causes trouble for a legitimate user. Therefore, a device for reducing the influence of the circuit delay time TD will be described. In addition, since the reproduced clock signal is interrupted due to a scratch made after purchasing the disk, an error of several clocks occurs in the measured value of the position information of the optical mark. The pass count 867 is recorded, and the permissible error of the measured value at the time of reproduction is recognized according to the actual situation. At the time when the pass count 867 is reached, the permissible range of the error due to the scratch on the surface of the disc is permitted by the reproduction. With reference to FIG. 19, a device that can be controlled by the copyright holder at the time of shipment will be described.

That is, in FIG. 19, step 865a
To reproduce the disc, and obtain the encrypted position information from the bar code recording section or the pit recording section of the present invention. In step 865b, decryption or signature verification is performed,
At step 865C, a position information list of the optical mark is obtained.
Next, when the delay time TD of the reproducing circuit is included in the circuit delay time storage section 608a in FIG. 15 of the reproducing apparatus, the TD is read from step 865h, and the process proceeds to step 865x. When the TD is not in the reproducing apparatus or when the measurement command is recorded on the disk, the process proceeds to step 865d to enter a reference delay time measurement routine. Address Ns-1
Is detected, the start position of the next address Ns is known. The frame synchronization signal and the reproduction clock are counted, and a reference optical mark is detected in step 865f. Step 865
The circuit delay time TD is measured by g and stored. This operation is the same as the operation described later with reference to FIG. At step 865x, the optical mark in the address Nm is measured. Steps 865i, 865j, 865
k, 865m, steps 865d, 865y,
As in the case of 865f and 865y, the position information of the optical mark is detected with a resolution of clock unit. Next, step 86
At 5n, a pirated disk detection routine is entered. First,
The circuit delay time TD is corrected. In step 865p, the permissible error 866 recorded on the disc shown in FIG.
It is checked whether the position information measured by g is within the range of the allowable error ta. In step 865r, the result is OK.
If this is the case, it is checked in step 865 s whether the number of collated marks has reached the number of passes. If the number of passes has not been reached yet, the process returns to step 865z. If NO in step 865r, it is checked in step 865f whether the number of erroneous detections is smaller than Na, and only if OK,
It returns to step 865s. If not, step 8
At 65v, the disk is determined to be an invalid disk and the operation is stopped.

As described above, since the circuit delay time TD of the reproducing apparatus is recorded in the IC ROM, the position information of the optical mark can be obtained more accurately. Also, by setting the permissible error 866 and the number of passes for each disc software, the criterion for pirated discs can be changed according to the actual situation with respect to scratches on the disc after purchase, so the probability of erroneously discriminating a legitimate disc is Has the effect of lowering

As described in the above embodiment, as an alternative to the conventional master-level physical marks, a piracy prevention method using a reflective-film-level physical mark in which a physical mark is provided in a prepit area of a reflective film of a disk is provided. As a result, piracy can be prevented even when reproduced at the master level.

In the above embodiment, a new optical disk recording means for performing secondary recording on a two-layer bonded optical disk with a laser is used. First, physical marks were randomly created in the first step, and then physical marks were measured in the second step with a high measurement accuracy of 0.13 μm width. In the third step, this position information was encrypted, and a bar code was recorded on the optical disk with the above-mentioned secondary recording means at several tens μm, that is, with normal processing accuracy. In this way, optical mark position information of much higher processing accuracy than the ordinary apparatus, for example, 0.1 μm was obtained. Since a commercially available processing light mark cannot be processed with this precision of 0.1 μm, the production of a pirated copy can be prevented.

In the above embodiment, the position information of the piracy prevention mark, which differs for each disk of the present invention, is used as the disk identifier. By synthesizing the position information and the disk serial number, that is, the disk ID, encrypting the digital signature, converting the digital signature into a bar code, and overwriting the bar code in a predetermined area of the pre-pit area, the disk I cannot be altered.
D is provided for each sheet. Since the ID is different for each completed disc, the password is also different. Therefore, the password does not operate on other disks, and the password security is improved. In addition, the secondary recording of the present invention enables the disk to operate forever by secondary recording the password on the disk.

In the first half (I), as one mode of using the barcode, the case where the barcode is used for the piracy prevention technology of the disc has been mainly described. In this case, FIG.
As shown in (1), the tracking in the specific area is disturbed by the bar codes (stripe) 584c to 584e overwritten on the specific area (also referred to as a stripe area) in the pre-pit area. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, if the marking 584 by the laser beam is formed in the specific area where the bar codes 584c to 584e are recorded, it becomes difficult to accurately measure the address / clock position of the marking. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 39, by forming the marking 941 in the pit region 941a at a different radial position from the radial position of the stripe region 923a, the position of the marking 941 is changed as shown in FIG. Stable measurement is possible in clock units. For this reason,
There is an effect that pirated discrimination can be performed more stably.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 39, by forming a pinhole marking that destroys only a few tracks, errors are not increased, and at the same time, piracy prevention is realized within the range of the current standard. This has the effect.

The marking 941 may be recorded in the guard band area 999 shown in FIG. Since only the address is recorded in the guard band area 999 and no data is recorded, the recording of the marking 941 has the effect of not causing a problem that other data is destroyed.

Also, according to the present invention, there is provided a disk having a structure in which a reflecting film is directly or indirectly sandwiched between two members made of a material which is not extinguished by a laser, wherein the reflecting film is marked by a laser. In the above-described embodiment, the optical disk characterized in that it is used for secondary recording such as a barcode or for piracy prevention technology is described. Good. Further, the optical disk of the present invention is described in the above embodiment as a disk in which an adhesive layer is provided between two substrates with an adhesive layer provided therebetween, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the adhesive layer may be omitted, or Other members, such as a protective layer, may be present. In short, any structure may be used as long as the reflective film is directly or indirectly sandwiched between two members made of a material that does not disappear by laser. Furthermore, this optical disk of the present invention has been described in the above embodiment in the case where a substrate is used as the bonding member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and another member such as a protective layer may be used. Any member made of a material that does not disappear by laser may be used.

As described above, according to the present invention, for example, the same optical pickup can be used by converting the ID or the like unique to a disc into a bar code and overwriting it in a normal pit area.
Since the pit data and the bar code data can be read, for example, an effect that the structure of the reproducing apparatus becomes simpler is exhibited.

When the mark position information is converted into a barcode as an ID unique to the disc, the effect of preventing illegal copy such as piracy can be improved more than before. That is, in the conventional piracy prevention technology, a method of intentionally meandering the arrangement of pits, for example, when creating a disk mold has been adopted. According to such a conventional method, a pirated copy can be easily made from a legitimate optical disk by completely removing the shape of a mold. However, as described above, since the marking is formed on the reflective film by the laser beam and the position information is bar-coded, the contents of the two cannot be matched. Therefore, the above-described effects are exhibited.

[0204]

As described above, for example, the optical disc and the reproducing apparatus according to the present invention use the identifier to
Barcodes can be read reliably in a short time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a manufacturing process and a secondary recording process of a disc according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram and a waveform diagram of a disk in an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a process of recording encrypted position information on a disk by a barcode in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a disc producing process and a secondary recording process in this embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a disc producing process and a secondary recording process in this embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a process for producing a two-layer disc in this embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a process for producing a two-layer disc in the present embodiment.

FIG. 8A is an enlarged view of a bonded type non-reflective portion in this embodiment. FIG. 8B is an enlarged view of a single-plate type non-reflective portion in this embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a reproduction waveform diagram of a non-reflection portion and a plan view of a master in the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a non-reflective portion in the present embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram based on the result of observing the cross section of the non-reflective portion in this example using a transmission electron microscope.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a disk according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a physical layout diagram of addresses of a CD.

FIG. 14 is a data configuration diagram showing an equivalent data configuration for ECC encoding / decoding;

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a low-reflection-portion position detection unit in the embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a principle of detecting an address / clock position of a low reflection portion in the embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a comparison diagram of a low-reflection area address table between a regular disk and a duplicate disk in the embodiment.

FIG. 18A is a flowchart for encryption and the like when the RSA function is used in the embodiment. FIG. 18B is a flowchart of a position information collation process in the embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart of a low reflection position detection program in the embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a detection waveform diagram of a first-layer marking signal in the present embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a detection waveform diagram of a marking signal of a second layer in the present embodiment.

FIG. 22 shows the operation of the scramble identifier, the drive ID, and the disk I in the program installation of the embodiment.
Flow chart showing switching of D

FIG. 23 is a block diagram of a stripe recording apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing signal waveforms and trimming shapes in the case of RZ recording according to the embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing signal waveforms and trimming shapes when performing NRZ recording.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing signal waveforms and trimming shapes in the case of PE-RZ recording in the embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a top view and a signal waveform diagram of a disk stripe in the embodiment.

FIG. 28A is a perspective view of a light condensing unit according to the embodiment; FIG. 28B is a diagram illustrating a stripe arrangement and a light emission pulse signal according to the embodiment;

FIG. 29A is a perspective view of a light condensing unit to which an optical deflector according to the embodiment is added, and FIG. 29B is a diagram illustrating a stripe arrangement and a light emission pulse signal according to the embodiment;

FIG. 30 is a diagram showing the arrangement of stripes on a disk and the contents of control data according to the embodiment;

FIG. 31 is a flowchart for switching between CAV and CLV in stripe reproduction according to the embodiment.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a stripe area and an address area of the disk according to the embodiment;

FIG. 33 is a data configuration diagram after ECC encoding in the embodiment.

FIG. 34 is a data configuration diagram of a synchronization code.

FIG. 35 is a configuration diagram of an LPF and a waveform diagram after an LPF is added.

FIG. 36 (a) is a reproduction signal waveform diagram in the embodiment. FIG. 36 (b) is a diagram for explaining the dimensional accuracy of the stripe in the embodiment.

FIG. 37 is a signal waveform diagram of a synchronization code and a laser emission pulse in the embodiment.

FIG. 38 shows a procedure for reading and reproducing control data according to the embodiment.

FIG. 39 is a top view of a disc physically having pinhole-shaped optical markings according to the embodiment.

FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a procedure for reproducing a PCA area in a tracking-on state according to the embodiment.

FIG. 41 is a block diagram of a playback device for controlling the rotation speed according to the embodiment;

FIG. 42 is a block diagram of a reproducing apparatus for controlling a rotation speed according to the embodiment;

FIG. 43 is a block diagram of a rotation speed control reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 44 is a diagram showing an anti-piracy algorithm in the embodiment.

FIG. 45 is an explanatory diagram of barcode encryption in the embodiment.

FIG. 46 is a diagram showing another example of use of the barcode in the embodiment.

FIG. 47 is a perspective view of a non-reflective portion of the double-layer disc in the embodiment.

FIG. 48 is a comparison diagram of the coordinate position of the master-specific address in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

584 Low reflection section 586 Low reflection light quantity detection section 587 Light quantity level comparator 588 Light quantity reference value 599 Low reflection section start / end position detection section 600 Low reflection section position detection section 601 Low reflection section angle position signal output section 602 Low reflection section angle Position detection unit 605 Low-reflection start point 606 Low-reflection end point 607 Time delay correction unit 816 Disk manufacturing process 817 Secondary recording process 818 Step of disk manufacturing process 819 Step of secondary recording process 820 Step of first software production 830 Encoding means 831 Public key encryption 833 First secret key 834 Second secret key 835 Synthesizing unit 836 Recording circuit 837 Error correction encoding unit 838 Reed-Solomon encoding unit 839 Interleave unit 840 Pulse interval modulation unit 841 Clock signal unit 908 ID generation unit 909 Input unit 910 Z modulator 913 Clock signal generator 915 Motor 915 Rotation sensor 916 Collimator 917 Cylindrical lens 918 Mask 919 Focusing lens 920 First time slot 921 Second time slot 922 Third time slot 923 Stripe 924 Pulse 925 First recording area 926 Second Recording area 927 ECC encoder 928 ECC decoder 929 Laser power supply circuit 930 Step 931 (in the flowchart of CAV reproduction) 931 Optical deflector 932 Slit 933 Stripe 934 Sub-stripe 935 Deflection signal generator 936 Control data area 937 Stripe presence / absence identifier 938 Additional write-on stripe 939 Additional stripe presence / absence identifier 940 (of flowchart for reproducing stripe presence / absence identifier) Step 941 Optical marking (of pinhole) 942 PE-RZ demodulator 943 LPF 944 Address area 945 Main beam 946 Sub beam 948 Stripe backside existence identifier 949 Stripe blank 950 Scanning means 951 Data row 952 ECC row 953 Edge interval detection means 954 Comparing means 955 Memory means 957 Oscillator 957 Controller 958 Motor drive circuit 959 Bar code reading means 963 Mode switch 964 Head moving means 965 Frequency comparator 966 Oscillator 967 Frequency comparator 968 Oscillator 969 Motor

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shinichi Tanaka 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Inside Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Mitsuro Moriya 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (12)

[Claims] An identifier indicating whether or not a bar-code-shaped mark exists on the optical disc is provided in a predetermined area of a pre-pit signal area of an optical disc on which data is recorded, and the mark is provided in a radial direction. An optical disk having a long shape and being arranged in a plurality in the circumferential direction. 2. The optical disk according to claim 1, wherein all or a part of the mark is overwritten with the pre-pit signal. 3. The optical disk according to claim 1, further comprising a control data area for recording physical characteristic information on the optical disk, wherein the predetermined area is the control data area. 4. The optical disc according to claim 1, wherein the mark is formed by removing a reflection film in the pre-pit signal area. 5. The optical disk according to claim 1, wherein the mark is detected as a change in reflectance. 6. A guard band area in which only an address is recorded and no data is recorded is provided between an area where the barcode-like mark exists and the control data area. 6. The optical disk according to any one of items 3 to 5. 7. The optical disk according to claim 1, wherein two or more marks are formed so as not to enter a predetermined time slot. 8. The optical disk according to claim 1, wherein two disk substrates are bonded to each other.
An optical disc according to any one of the preceding claims. 9. A reproducing means for reproducing the optical disk according to claim 1; an identifier detecting means for detecting the identifier on the optical disk; and An optical disc reproducing apparatus, comprising: control means for causing the reproducing means to perform the mark reproducing operation. 10. The optical disk reproducing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein an optical head is used as said reproducing means. 11. The optical disk reproducing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein as a result of detecting the identifier, if the identifier indicates that the mark does not exist, data is reproduced. 12. The optical disk reproducing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein as a result of detecting the identifier, when the identifier indicates that the mark does not exist, the identifier is output to the outside.