JP2000057749A - Recording apparatus and recording method, reproducing apparatus and reproducing method, and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To give no sense of incongruity to a user at the cutting of TV commercials when a disk storage medium is used. SOLUTION: In the television broadcast, a section AB before the CM section is repeated as the section CD after the CM section (A). The characteristic information of the predetermined range before and after the CM section detected on the basis of an audio signal format is detected, for example, by the frame to find out the range where the characteristic information is matched before and after the CM section. The characteristic information is formed, for example, by the information combining the scene change point and silent section. The range where the characteristic information is matched before and after the CM section is defined as the repeated section. Information of the detected CM section and repeated section is stored, for example, in the TOC area of the storage medium. In reproducing operation, one of the CM section and repeated section is not read, based on these pieces of information (C). Since any sense of incongruity is never given to a user because the repeated section is not reproduced continuously.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a recording apparatus, a recording method, a reproducing apparatus, a reproducing method, and a method for preventing reproduction of a commercial part in a recorded program and a similar image before and after the commercial. It relates to a recording medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When recording a television broadcast program or the like with a home video tape recorder, a commercial (hereinafter, abbreviated as a CM) inserted into a program and broadcasted, for example, when timer recording is performed. ) Are also recorded on the recording medium together with the main program. Therefore, at the time of reproduction, a CM having no direct relation to the contents of the main program is reproduced in a form inserted into the program. C during playback
Many users find it difficult to see M.

[0003] Therefore, video tape recorders that employ a CM cut function that detects a CM by a predetermined method and cancels a CM section using the CM detection result have already been put on the market. In such a video tape recorder, for example, CM detection result information is stored in a memory in the apparatus, and at the time of reproduction, fast forward reproduction of a CM section is performed using the CM detection result information.

On the other hand, in recent years, a video recorder using a disk recording medium as a recording medium has attracted attention. The television signal is converted into a digital signal, subjected to encoding processing such as compression encoding in a predetermined method, and recorded on, for example, a magneto-optical disk. The disk recording medium can be randomly accessed, so that a desired scene can be accessed instantaneously.

[0005]

By the way, in a recent television program, a scene broadcast immediately before entering a CM is called a CM.
The technique of repeatedly broadcasting again immediately after the end of the program is frequently used. By recording such a program, C
When the reproduction is performed by applying the M cut function, the CM section is cut, and the video having the same content before and after the CM section must be repeatedly viewed.

In a video tape recorder in which the recording medium is a tape, the CM cut portion is fast-forward reproduced and enters a picture search state. Therefore, the same scene is repeated twice with the picture search in between. In this case, it is relatively easy for the user to accept the above-described phenomenon of repeatedly watching the video having the same content before and after the CM section.

Here, a case where a disk is used as a recording medium will be considered. Since the disk recording medium can be randomly accessed as described above, when the start point of the CM section is reached, the end point of the CM section can be accessed instantaneously. Therefore, the reproduction from the CM end point is continuously performed after the reproduction to the CM start point, and the CM cut is instantaneously performed. Then, to the user, the same scene suddenly appears to be reproduced twice and repeatedly,
There was a problem that a sense of discomfort was generated.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a recording apparatus, a recording method, a reproducing apparatus, a reproducing method, and a recording medium which do not give a user a sense of discomfort when cutting a CM when a disk recording medium is used. To provide.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a recording apparatus for recording a video / audio signal at a predetermined address on a recording medium. , A feature detecting means for detecting a feature of a second signal section before the first signal section, and a feature of a third signal section after the first signal section, and a feature detecting means. The detected feature of the second signal section is compared with the feature of the third signal section, and a section repeated between the second signal section and the third signal section is detected based on the comparison result. A recording apparatus comprising: a repetition section detecting unit that performs repetition section detection; and a repetition section information recording unit that records information of the repetition section detected by the repetition section detection unit on a recording medium.

Further, the present invention provides a reproducing apparatus for reproducing a video / audio signal recorded at a predetermined address on a recording medium, a reproducing means for reproducing the video / audio signal from the recording medium, The detected information of the first signal section and the information of the repeated section repeated between the second signal section before the first signal section and the third signal section after the first signal section. Means for reading out from the recording medium, and skips the first signal section and the repetition section in the video / audio signal based on the information on the first signal section and the information on the repetition section read by the reading means. And a control means for controlling the reproduction means as described above.

According to the present invention, in a recording method for recording a video / audio signal at a predetermined address on a recording medium, a step of detecting a first signal section; Features of the previous second signal interval,
A feature detection step of detecting a feature of a third signal section after the first signal section; and a feature of the second signal section and a feature of the third signal section detected by the feature detection step. Comparing and detecting a repeated section between the second signal section and the third signal section based on the comparison result; and information on the repeated section detected by the repeated section detection step. And recording the repetitive section information on a recording medium.

Further, the present invention provides a reproducing method for reproducing a video / audio signal recorded at a predetermined address on a recording medium, comprising: a reproducing step of reproducing the video / audio signal from the recording medium; The information of the first signal section detected based on the first signal section and the information of the repetition section repeated between the second signal section before the first signal section and the third signal section after the first signal section. A first signal section and a repetition section of the video / audio signal based on the reading step of reading the information from the recording medium and the information of the first signal section and the information of the repetition section read in the reading step; And a control step of controlling a reproduction step so as to skip the.

Further, according to the present invention, in a recording medium on which a video / audio signal is recorded at a predetermined address, information of a first signal section, a second signal section before the first signal section, and a first signal section are stored. And information of a repetition section repeated between the signal section and the third signal section.

As described above, in the recording apparatus and method according to the present invention, the first signal section is detected in the recording apparatus and method for recording a video / audio signal at a predetermined address on a recording medium. At the same time, the features of the second and third signal sections before and after the first signal section are respectively detected and compared, and based on the comparison result, the second signal section and the third signal section are compared with each other. Is detected and the information of the repetition section is recorded on the recording medium based on the detection result. Therefore, when the recording medium is reproduced, the first signal section is cut and the repetition is performed. One of the sections can be cut.

In the reproducing apparatus and method according to the present invention, a video / audio signal recorded at a predetermined address on a recording medium is reproduced, and a first signal section detected based on the video / audio signal is provided. From a recording medium, and information on a repetition section repeated between a second signal section before the first signal section and a third signal section after the first signal section. Since the first signal section and the repetition section in the video / audio signal are skipped based on the information on the first signal section and the information on the repetition section, the first signal section is cut off. , One of the repeated sections can be cut.

In the recording medium according to the present invention, a video / audio signal is recorded at a predetermined address,
The information of the first signal section in the video / audio signal and the information of the repetition section repeated between the second signal section before the first signal section and the third signal section after the first signal section. Since the information is recorded, when reproducing the recording medium,
The first signal section can be cut, and one of the repetition sections can be cut.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In the present invention, a CM section is detected, and features before and after the detected CM section are extracted. And C
A section in which the extracted feature information matches before and after the M section is detected and is set as a repeated section. By recording this repetition section information together with the CM section information on the recording medium, it becomes possible to perform a cut process of the CM section and the repetition sections before and after the CM section at the time of reproduction. C
By cutting only one of the repetition sections before and after the M section, it is possible to perform reproduction without uncomfortable feeling.

FIG. 1 conceptually shows a process of detecting and cutting a repetitive section according to the present invention. In this example, CMs 1 to 3 are broadcast after the main part X, and further the main part Y
Has been aired. As shown in FIG.
Is a first signal section, and sections of the main part X and the main part Y are set as second and third signal sections, respectively. In FIG. 1, the features detected from the video and audio signals in each predetermined section are represented by symbols such as “● (black circle)” and “☆ (star)”. Identical symbols indicate identical features.

In an original television broadcast, for example, as shown in FIG. 1A, after a main part X is broadcast, CMs 1 to 3 are continuously broadcast, and further a main part Y which is a sequel to the main part X is continued. Has been aired. In this television broadcasting, it is assumed that a section from point A to point B immediately before the CM (section AB) and a section from point C to point D immediately after the CM (section CD) are the same scene. .

FIG. 1B shows an example in which only CM detection is performed on such a signal, and only the CM section is cut based on the detection result. The part from the point B which is the CM start point to the point C which is the CM end point is cut. In this case, the section AB and the section CD are continuously reproduced even though they are the same scene. Therefore, it appears to the viewer that the content of the section AB is repeated twice.

The lower part of FIG. 1A shows comprehensive characteristic information detected based on the audio signal and the video signal of the television broadcast. It can be seen that the feature information of the section AB matches the feature information of the section CD. In the present invention, a section in which feature information before and after such a CM section matches is detected, and is set as a repeated section. Then, as shown in an example in FIG. 1C, when performing the CM cut reproduction,
In addition to cutting the M section, one of the repeating sections (section CD in this example) is cut. By doing so, the same scene is not repeated twice, and the viewer does not feel uncomfortable.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of the recording / reproducing apparatus according to this embodiment. A television broadcast wave is received by the antenna 1 and supplied to the tuner 2. The tuner 2 selects a television broadcast wave received by the antenna 1 and detects and amplifies the received wave. The output of the tuner 2 is supplied to the video signal processing block 5 and the audio signal processing block 9 via the switch circuit 4.

The video signal processing block 5 and the audio signal processing block 9 can be supplied with signals from the external input terminal 3 by switching the switch circuit 4. The external input is not limited to this example. For example, the video signal and the audio signal are separated in advance and an A / D
You may make it input to the converters 6 and 10, respectively.

In the video signal processing block 5, a video signal is extracted from the supplied signal, and an AGC (Auto Gain Control) process, a process related to a luminance / color signal, and the like are performed on the extracted signal. The video signal output from the video signal processing block 5 is converted into digital video data by the A / D converter 6, supplied to the video signal compression block 7, and supplied to the repetitive section detection block 13.

The video data supplied to the video signal compression block 7 is transmitted in a predetermined format, for example, DCT (Discrete Cosine).
Transform) and MPEG (Moving Picture Ex
(perts Group) 2 method. The compression-encoded video data is stored in the memory 8. The memory 8 is a buffer memory for recording on a recording medium.

On the other hand, in the audio signal processing block 9, an audio signal is extracted from the supplied signal, and the A / D converter 1
0 is supplied. In the audio signal processing block 9,
Based on the pilot signal superimposed on the supplied signal, it is determined whether the audio signal is monaural / stereo / audio multiplexed. This determination result is supplied to the CM detection block 50 as audio signal information.

The CM detection block 50 detects a CM section based on the supplied audio signal information. For example,
It is assumed that the point at which the format of the audio signal has changed is the point at which the main part and the CM section are switched. The detected CM section information is
It is supplied to the repetition section detection block 13. The CM section information is represented by, for example, position information on a recording medium corresponding to the start point and the end point of the CM section, for example, a time code recorded in advance on a disk 40 described later.

The CM in the CM detection block 50
The detection of a section is not limited to this example. For example, an audio signal may be supplied from the audio signal processing block 9 or the A / D converter 10 to the CM detection block 50, and a silent section may be detected by looking at the envelope of the audio signal. It is assumed that the detected silent section is a point where the main section and the CM section are switched. For example, a scene change point is detected by supplying a video signal from the video signal processing block 5 or the A / D converter 6 to the CM detection block 50 and taking the absolute value of the difference for each field or frame. You may do so. It is assumed that the detected scene change point is a point where the main part and the CM section are switched. Of course, these methods may be combined.

On the other hand, the audio signal output from the audio signal processing block 9 is converted by the A / D converter 10 into digital audio data. The audio data output from the A / D converter 10 is supplied to an audio signal compression block 11 and to a repetition section detection block 13.

The audio data supplied to the audio signal compression block 11 is compression-encoded by an MPEG audio system corresponding to a predetermined system, for example, a video data compression-encoding system. The compression-encoded audio data is stored in the memory 12. The memory 12 is a buffer memory for recording on a recording medium.

Incidentally, the entire recording / reproducing apparatus is a microcomputer (hereinafter abbreviated as a microcomputer) 17.
Is controlled by The microcomputer 17 includes a CPU, a ROM in which programs and the like are stored in advance, a RAM as a work memory, and the like. Further, the operation unit 16 is provided with various keys for operating the recording / reproducing apparatus, such as reproduction / recording / stop / fast-forward / fast-reverse. Further, the operation unit 16 is provided with a key for controlling the CM cut mode. Signals corresponding to various keys are supplied from the operation unit 16 to the microcomputer 17. The microcomputer 17 issues a corresponding instruction to each section of the recording / reproducing apparatus based on the signal.

The writing / reading of the memories 8 and 12 and the memories 21 and 26 described later is performed by the microcomputer 1
7 is performed based on the control of the memory controller 18 based on the instruction from the controller 7. The memory controller 18 issues an instruction such as an address and a timing at the time of reading / writing to each memory.

The microcomputer 17 controls a servo system (not shown) by issuing an instruction to the disk controller 19, and controls writing / reading in a recording / reproducing block 15 described later.

The video data and the audio data stored in the memories 8 and 12 are read out at a predetermined timing under the control of the memory controller 18 based on an instruction from the microcomputer 17, and are read via the bus 51. Supplied to Modulation block for recording 14
Then, error correction coding is performed on the supplied signal. Then, the signal subjected to the error correction encoding is subjected to, for example, EFM (Eight to Fourteen Modulation) modulation to convert the signal into a signal suitable for recording. The converted recording signal is supplied to the recording / reproducing block 15.

The recording signal is written in a recording / reproducing block 15 to a disk-shaped recording medium (hereinafter, abbreviated as a disk) 40 such as a magneto-optical disk under the control of a disk controller 19 based on an instruction from the microcomputer 17. Is recorded. Recording is performed based on the time code described above.

On the other hand, the repetition section detection block 13 detects a section where the same scene is repeated before and after the CM based on the supplied CM section information, video data and audio data. This detection result and CM section information are C
M / repetition section information is output as the recording / reproducing block 1 via the bus 51 and the recording modulation block 14.
5 is supplied. For example, as a time code corresponding to the recording signal read from the memories 8 and 12 described above, the information of the CM section and the repetition section is stored in a predetermined area on the disk 40, for example, TOC (Table Of Co
ntents) is written to the area defined as the area.

Under the control of the disk controller 19 based on the instruction of the microcomputer 17, the data recorded on the disk 40 is reproduced. A reproduction signal reproduced from the disk 40 is supplied from the recording / reproduction block 14 to the reproduction demodulation block 20. The reproduction demodulation block 20 performs demodulation processing corresponding to the modulation method at the time of recording, in this example, EFM demodulation on the reproduction signal. Then, the error correction code applied at the time of recording is decoded to perform error correction, and output as video data and audio data. Video data and audio data are stored in the memory 21 and the memory 26 via the bus 51, respectively.

The video data read from the memory 21 is supplied to a video signal decompression block 22. And
Compression encoding performed during recording (in this example, MPEG2
Formula) is unraveled. The video data decompressed and encoded is converted into an analog video signal by a D / A converter 23 and supplied to a video signal processing block 24. The video signal processing block 24 performs predetermined processing such as emphasis processing on the supplied video signal. The video signal is processed as a composite signal by the video signal processing block 24.
And is displayed on the monitor 25 as a reproduced video.

On the other hand, the audio data read from the memory 26 is decompressed by the audio signal decompression block 27 at the time of recording (in this example, MPEG audio), and is decoded by the D / A converter 28 in analog format. And supplied to the audio signal processing block 29. Then, the audio signal processing block 29 performs processing such as sound quality adjustment and amplification, and is reproduced by the speaker 30.

Prior to the reproduction of the video and audio signals from the disk 40, the TOC information recorded in the TOC area of the disk 40 is reproduced. Played TOC
The information is supplied to the demodulation block 20 for reproduction, processed as described above, and output as CM detection result information. The CM / repetition section information is supplied to the microcomputer 17 via the bus 51 and stored in a memory in the microcomputer 17.

When reproducing video and audio, the operation unit 16
By performing a predetermined operation in, the CM section can be cut based on the CM / repeated section information, and one of the same scenes before and after the CM section can be cut. That is, the time code corresponding to the CM section and the repetition section is obtained from the CM / repetition section information reproduced from the TOC area of the disc 40.

The microcomputer 17 issues an instruction to the memory controller 18 based on the time code obtained from the CM / repeated section information, and controls reading of the memories 21 and 26. With this control, the CM section can be skipped, and one of the same scenes before and after the CM section, for example, the corresponding section after the CM can be skipped.

FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the repetition section detection block 13 in more detail. In this embodiment, a repetitive section detection block 13 detects a scene change point of a video and a silent section of audio, and uses these as feature information. Then, the repetition section before and after the CM is detected using the feature information.

The video data output from the A / D converter 6 is stored in the memory 32 for a plurality of fields and is supplied to the scene change detector 33. Memory 3
2 is supplied to the scene change detector 33.

In the scene change detector 33, the memory 3
2 is compared with the video data directly supplied from the A / D converter 6 before being stored in the memory 32, and a scene change point is detected. For example, the video data one frame before the video data supplied from the A / D converter 6 is read from the memory 32.
Then, histograms of, for example, a luminance component and a chromaticity component of the video data are created and compared. If the difference between the histograms is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, it is assumed that the frame between the compared frames is a scene change point. The detection result is supplied to the repetition section detector 35.

On the other hand, the audio data output from the A / D converter 10 is supplied to the silence detector 34. Silence detector 3
In step 4, a silent section in the audio data is detected. For example,
By taking the envelope of the audio data, a silent section is detected. The detection result is supplied to the repetition section detector 35.

The repetitive section detector 35 detects a repetitive section based on the supplied information, that is, the scene change detection result information, the silent section information, and the CM section information. The repetition section is obtained, for example, as a time code at the point where the repetition section ends.
Further, as described above, the CM section is supplied from the CM detection block 50 as the time code of the CM start point and the CM end point, for example. The repetition section information and the CM section information are stored in the detection result memory 36.
Repetition section information and CM stored in memory 36
The section information is read out at a predetermined timing, and
0, is supplied to the recording / reproducing block 15 via the recording modulation block 14 and is written to the TOC area of the disk 40.

The processing by the repetition section detector 35 can be performed by the microcomputer 17. Further, the time code can be obtained from the microcomputer 17 with the writing of the recording signal to the disk 40 under the control of the microcomputer 17 and the disk controller 19, for example.

Next, the processing in the repetition section detection block 13 will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing in the repetition section detection block 13. FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 are continuous in the time axis direction. FIGS. 5A, 6A, and 7A show an example of the content of a television broadcast to be recorded, for example, in which a CM is broadcast after the main part X, and a main part Y is subsequently displayed. 5B, 6B and 7
B shows an example of a frame of the corresponding video data. FIG.
C, 6C and 7C schematically show examples of the envelope of the audio data.

First, in the first step S1, silence detection is performed by the silence detector 34. FIGS. 5D, 6D, and 7D show examples of silence information obtained by silence detection. The value is set to [1] in a section where silence is set, and the value is set in a section where no silence is set.

[0] is set. For example, referring to FIG. 5C, if the current frame is the 101st frame, since the audio data is not silence, the silence information is

[0] is set. On the other hand, if the current frame is 102nd
If it is a frame, the section is detected as silent,
Silence information is [1]. Thus, silence detection is performed for each frame.

In the next step S2, the scene detector 33
A scene change point is detected. 5E, 6E, and 7E show examples of locations where a scene change has occurred. FIGS. 5F, 6F, and 7F show examples of scene change information obtained by scene change point detection. Immediately after the scene change point, the value is [1],
Otherwise the value is

[0] is set. For example, if the current frame is the 102nd frame, the 101st frame
A scene change is detected between the frame and the 102nd frame. In this case, the scene change information of the 102nd frame is [1]. On the other hand, if the current frame is the 103rd frame, no scene change has been detected between the 102nd and 103rd frames.

[0] is set. Thus, a scene change point is detected for each frame.

Based on the detection results in steps S1 and S2, comprehensive characteristic information is created in step S3. In this example, feature information for each frame is created by two bits, in which silence information is upper bits and scene change information is lower bits. 5G, 6G and 7G
Shows an example of the feature information created in this way. For example,
If the current frame number is the 102nd frame, the value is [11]. If the current frame number is the 103rd frame, the value is [0].
0]. This feature information is stored in the detection result memory 36.

In this example, the characteristic information is created from the scene change information and the silence information. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The feature information can be created based on other information. For example, various information such as luminance information, color difference information, and motion vector obtained from video data, level information, pitch information, and pitch information obtained from audio data can be used.

In the next step S4, it is determined whether or not a new CM section has been determined in the CM detection block 50. If a new CM section is determined, the process proceeds to step S7. Then, step S7
The flag NewC indicating that a new CM has been determined
The value of Mflg is set to [1]. On the other hand, if it is determined that a new CM section has not been determined, the flag NewCMfl
The value of g is

[0] is set.

The value of this flag NewCMFlg is set to [1] when the detection of the preceding and following repetition sections for the newly detected CM section has not been completed yet.

In step S5, the flag NewCMfl
The value of g is determined. If the value of the flag NewCMflg is not [1], the process proceeds to step S6. In step S6, the process returns to step S1 by detecting a predetermined synchronization signal, and the process up to this point is performed once per frame. For example, a vertical synchronization signal of a television signal can be used as a predetermined synchronization signal. In this case, in step S6, the process returns to step S1 by detecting the vertical synchronization signal twice.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S5 that the value of NewCMFlg is [1], the process proceeds to step S8.

By the way, in this example, the CM section is the first
The CM section starts from 31 frames and ends at 1030. Therefore, the CM section is determined in the CM detection block 50 after the 1031st frame. How long the CM section is determined after the end of the CM section depends on the configuration of the CM detection block 50. Here, a description will be given assuming that the CM section is determined in the 1031st frame. .

In step S8, it is determined whether or not the comprehensive feature information for the range in which the repetitive section is searched has been created. The search range is appropriately set depending on how long at most the repeated section is detected. For example, when detecting a repetitive section up to one minute, 60 seconds × 30 frames / second = 1800 frames are set as the search range. Here, for explanation, 30 frames are set as a search range.

In this example in which the search range is 30 frames, it is necessary that the feature information of 30 frames before and after the CM section (131st to 1030th frames), that is, the 101st to 1060th frames have already been created. . If the creation of the feature information for the search range has not been completed, the process proceeds to step S6. Until the creation of the feature information for the search range is completed, step S
1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 are repeated.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S8 that the creation of feature information for the search range has been completed, the process proceeds to step S9. In step S9, the created feature information is compared within the search range, and a section where the feature information matches is searched. For example, a section that is continuous with the CM section is detected as a matching section, and a repeated section before and after the CM section is detected.

For example, in searching for a section in which the feature information matches, the comparison range consisting of a plurality of frames is moved one frame before and after the CM section one frame before and after, and the comparison range before the CM section and the CM section are compared. It can be detected by checking whether or not a plurality of pieces of feature information in each of the comparison ranges match with each other in the comparison range after.

When the comparison of the feature information in step S9 is completed, it is determined in next step S10 whether or not there is a matching section of the feature information. In the example of FIGS.
107th to 130th frames before the section, and C
It can be seen that the 1031st frame to the 1054th frame after the M section are sections where the feature information matches each other (underlined portions in FIGS. 5G, 6G and 7G). That is, the detected matching section of the feature information is the CM
The same scene repetition section before and after the section is set.

If it is determined in step S10 that there is a matching section, the process proceeds to step S11, and the time when the matching section after the CM section, for example, of the detected matching sections ends is obtained. The section end time can be obtained as a time code based on the corresponding frame number. The time code thus obtained is used as the end time of the repetition section.

In this example, the end time of the matching section after the CM section is obtained in order to cut the repetition section after the CM section during reproduction. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the start time of the matching section before the CM section is obtained,
At the time of reproduction, a repeated section before the CM section may be cut. Further, instead of obtaining either the start time or the end time of the matching section, both the start time and the end time may be obtained.

The repetition section end time and the time code indicating the start and end times of the CM section obtained in step S10 are stored in the detection result memory 36 as CM / repetition section information in step S12. As described above, the CM / repetition section information stored in the detection result memory 36 is read out at a predetermined timing, supplied to the recording / reproducing block 15 via the bus 51 and the recording modulation block 14, and Is recorded in the TOC area.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S10 that there is no matching section, the process proceeds to step S12. Since there is no repetition section of the same scene before and after the CM section, the section end time is set to the end of the CM section. The same as the time, the CM / repetition section information is stored in the detection memory 36.
Is stored. Alternatively, information indicating that there is no matching section may be stored in the detection result memory 36, for example.

In step S12, the detection result is transferred to the memory 36, so that the 131st frame to the 103rd frame
Since the repetition section detection processing for the CM section up to frame 0 has been completed, the flag New is set in step S13.
If the value of CMFlg is

[0] is set. Then, the process returns to step S6, and the process is performed for a new CM section.

FIG. 8 shows an example of CM / repetition section information obtained by the repetition section detector 35. In this way, a number is sequentially assigned to each detected CM, and the corresponding CM start time, CM end time, and repetition section end time are obtained as time codes. The time code corresponds to the position information on the disk 40 in this example, and the time (h) /
Expressed in minutes (m) / second (s) / frame (f).

As described above, the writing of data to the disk 40 is controlled by the microcomputer 17, and the microcomputer 17 always knows the position on the disk 40 where the recording signal is to be recorded. . For example, the microcomputer 17 and the disk controller 19 write recording data to a predetermined position while reading position information recorded on the disk 40 in advance by a reading mechanism (not shown). Although not shown, the CM / repetition section information is stored in the detection result memory 36 in association with the recording position of the corresponding data on the disk 40 under the control of the microcomputer 17 and the memory controller 18.

FIG. 9 shows an example of the format of the CM / repetition section information shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
On the innermost side of 0, there is provided an area 41 in which index information of the content recorded on the disk 40 is recorded. This area 41 is, for example, a TOC (Table Of Contents) area 4
Called 1. The CM / repetition section information is, for example, C
Following the header indicating M / repetition section information, a CM number, a CM start time, a CM end time, and a repetition section end time are repeated and recorded in the TOC area 41. Although not shown, the video data of the main part and the CM is recorded from the outside of the TOC area 41 toward the outer periphery of the disc 40.

The recording format of the CM / repeated section information shown in FIG. 9 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. The CM / repetition section information is
It is possible to record in another area instead of the TOC area 41.

At the time of reproduction, when the disc 40 is set in the recording / reproducing block 15, first, the contents recorded in the TOC area 41 are read. When a CM cut is designated based on a predetermined operation of the operation unit 16, the memories 21 and 26 are set by the memory controller 18 based on the CM start time and the CM end time described in the CM detection result information in the TOC area 41. Is controlled, and the CM
The section is cut.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 described above, the reproduction of the main part is continued, and after the 101st to 130th frames are reproduced, the 1055th frame and thereafter are reproduced. The CM section and the repeated section after the CM section are cut, and the 131st to 1054th frames are skipped.

Next, similar scenes before and after the CM section will be described with reference to FIG. In the above description, the same scene F is repeated before and after the CM section as shown in FIG. 10A. In this case, before and after the CM section,
Since exactly the same scene is repeated in the detected repetition sections, it is detected in these sections that the feature information completely matches each other.

However, in an actual broadcast or the like, the same scene is repeated before and after the CM section as an original scene, but there are many cases in which a slight difference exists in the display screen and sound. For example, the same scene F before and after the CM section
In the repetition section of CM, as shown in the example of FIG.
When the scene F ′ with the telop display 60 added to the scene F before the section is displayed after the CM section,
Various situations may occur, such as when one of the repeated sections before and after the section is displayed or the influence of noise on the voice is present. Such two scenes, which are originally the same but are slightly different from each other and are different from each other, are called similar scenes.

Therefore, it is necessary to consider how much the two scenes having a difference are permitted as similar scenes, and whether the two scenes should be set as a repetitive section. In this embodiment,
In the case of matching at the stage of comprehensive feature information based on silence detection and scene change detection from the ease of matching detection, it is determined that the section is repeated.

For example, in the example of FIG. 10B, since the telop display 60 is performed on the scene F before the CM section in the scene F ′ after the CM section, the scene F and the scene F ′ are displayed.
Is not the same scene. However, since there is no difference between the scene F and the scene F ′ regarding the scene change and the sound, no difference is detected in the feature information including the scene change information and the silence information, and the feature information includes the scene F and the scene F ′. And are the same. Therefore, the section of the scene F and the section of the scene F ′ are repetitive sections, and the CM section and the section of the scene F ′ after the CM section can be cut during reproduction.

As described above, the comprehensive feature information used for the repetition section is created by appropriately selecting the information used as the feature information and the processing method of the information.
It is possible to determine to what extent similar scenes are determined as repetitive sections.

In the above description, a disk is used as a recording medium. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The recording medium is not particularly limited, and for example, a semiconductor memory, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape can be used.

In the above description, the CM / repetition section information is recorded in the TOC area 41 of the disk 40. However, this is not limited to this example. A CM / repetition section information may be recorded in this memory. For example, in the configuration of FIG.
Is used as a non-volatile memory to store the CM / repetition section information output from the repetition section detector 35. In this case, the CM detection result information is stored in the TOC area 4 of the disk 40.
1 can be prevented from being recorded.

Further, the CM / repetition section information is:
When the disc 40 is ejected from the recording / reproducing block 15, the disc 40 may be recorded in the TOC area 41.
In this case, while the disc 40 is set in the recording / reproducing block 15, the CM detection result information is stored in the detection result memory 36 and is not recorded in the TOC area 41 of the disc 40.

Further, the CM recorded in the TOC area 41
Based on the / repeated section information, it is also possible to delete the CM section and the repeated section recorded together with the main part on the disc 40. At this time, the corresponding part of the TOC area 41 may be updated.

Further, in the above description, the repetition section before and after the CM section is detected. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the repetition section before and after an arbitrary section may be detected. .

In the above description, the repetition section is detected based on the feature information obtained in units of frames.
This unit is not limited to this. For example, feature information may be obtained in units of fields to detect a repetitive section, or feature information may be obtained in units of a plurality of frames (or fields). The feature information can also be obtained in units of seconds.

[0086]

As described above, according to the present invention, at the time of recording, a CM section and a section where the same or similar scene is repeated before and after the CM section are detected. The repetition section information is recorded on the recording medium. Therefore, even when a program broadcasted immediately before entering a CM and a program to be repeatedly broadcast immediately after the end of the CM is recorded, and the program is reproduced by performing a CM cut, the program is repeated before and after the CM section together with the cut of the CM section. Since one of the recorded sections can be cut, there is an effect that CM cut reproduction without a sense of incongruity can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram conceptually showing detection and cut processing of a repetitive section according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a recording / reproducing apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a repetition section detection block in more detail.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing in a repetition section detection block.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of processing in a repetition section detection block.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of processing in a repetition section detection block.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example of processing in a repetition section detection block.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of CM / repetition section information obtained by a repetition section detector.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a format when recording CM / repetition section information on a disc.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining similar scenes before and after a CM section.

[Explanation of symbols]

5 video signal processing block, 6 A / D converter, 7 video signal compression block, 8 memory
9: audio signal processing block, 10: A / D converter, 11: audio signal compression block, 12: memory, 13: repetition section block, 15: recording / reproducing block, 17: microcomputer, 18: memory controller, 19: disk controller, 21
... memory, 26 ... memory, 32 ... memory,
33 ... scene change detector, 34 ... silence detector, 35 ... repetition section detector, 36 ... detection result memory 36, 40 ... disk, 41 ... TO
C area

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference) CC02 CF36 CK26

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A recording apparatus for recording a video / audio signal at a predetermined address on a recording medium, comprising: a detecting means for detecting a first signal section; Characteristic detecting means for detecting the characteristic of the signal section of the second signal section and the characteristic of the third signal section after the first signal section; and the characteristic of the second signal section detected by the characteristic detecting means. A repetition section detecting means for comparing a characteristic of the third signal section and detecting a section repeated between the second signal section and the third signal section based on the comparison result; A repetition section information recording means for recording, on a recording medium, information on the repetition section detected by the detection means. 2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first signal section is a CM section, and a CM for recording information of the CM section obtained based on the detection of the detection means on a recording medium. A recording apparatus further comprising a section recording unit. 3. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the repetitive section detecting means is configured to perform the following based on the comparison result:
A recording apparatus characterized in that a section in which the characteristics of the second signal section are similar to the characteristics of the third signal section is the repeated section. 4. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein scene change detecting means for detecting a scene change point at which a scene of the video signal is switched, and silent part detection for detecting a silent part of an audio signal accompanying the video signal. Recording means, further comprising: means for detecting the feature based on a scene change point by the scene change detecting means and a silent section by the silent part detecting means. 5. A reproducing apparatus for reproducing a video / audio signal recorded at a predetermined address on a recording medium, comprising: reproducing means for reproducing a video / audio signal from a predetermined address of the recording medium; The detected information of the first signal section and the repeated section repeated between the second signal section before the first signal section and the third signal section after the first signal section. Reading means for reading the information of the first signal section from the recording medium; and the first signal section in the video / audio signal based on the information of the first signal section and the information of the repetition section read by the reading means. And a control unit for controlling the reproduction unit so as to skip the repetition section. 6. A recording method for recording a video / audio signal at a predetermined address on a recording medium, comprising: a detecting step of detecting a first signal section; A feature detection step for detecting a feature of the second signal section and a feature of a third signal section after the first signal section; and the second feature section, which is detected by the feature detection step.
And a feature of the third signal section, and a repetition section for detecting a section repeated between the second signal section and the third signal section based on the comparison result. A recording method, comprising: a detecting step; and a repetitive section information recording step of recording information of a repetitive section detected in the repetitive section detecting step on a recording medium. 7. A reproducing method for reproducing a video / audio signal recorded at a predetermined address on a recording medium, comprising: a reproducing step of reproducing a video / audio signal from a predetermined address of the recording medium; Based on the information of the first signal section and the repetition between the second signal section before the first signal section and the third signal section after the first signal section. A step of reading the section information from the recording medium; and the first step read by the reading step.
And a control step of controlling the reproduction step so as to skip the first signal section and the repetition section in the video / audio signal based on the information of the signal section and the information of the repetition section. A reproduction method characterized by the above-mentioned. 8. A recording medium on which a video / audio signal is recorded for a predetermined address, wherein information on a first signal section, a second signal section before the first signal section, and the first signal section A recording medium characterized by recording information of a repetition section repeated between a section and a third signal section. 9. The recording medium according to claim 8, wherein a feature of a second signal section before the first signal section and a feature of a third signal section after the first signal section are detected. The characteristics of the second signal section and the third
, And based on the comparison result, a section in which the feature of the second signal section is similar to the feature of the third signal section is defined as the repetition section. A recording medium characterized by the above-mentioned.