JP2000054753A - Fire-resistive door - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the temperature increase of the reverse of a door body and contrive holding of a shape at the time of a fire by performing laminating in the order of a fire-resistive expansion sheet and a metal plate or a first metal plate, the fire-resistive expansion sheet and a second metal plate on both the faces of the door body. SOLUTION: When laminating is performed in order of a fire-resistive expansion sheet and a metal plate or the fire-resistive expansion sheet is laminated on both the faces of a door body by sandwiching the metal plate, the sheet is expanded by a fire to form a heat insulation layer, and heat transfer is suppressed for the contrary side of a door. Furthermore, even if the door body is wooden, the fire-resistive expansion sheet holds a shape between metals at the time of the fire. In the case, the fire- resistive expansion sheet comprises a resin component composed of thermoplastic resin and rubber-like substance having adhesion, neutralization expansion graphite, water containing inorganic matter and metal carbonate. Expansion is performed during combustion to form a fire-resistive heat insulation layer comprising a burned residue, and shape holding is secured. Thereby the increase of the temperature of the reverse of the door body is prevented at the time of fire occurrence, and even if combustion is performed, catch-fire can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a fire door.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, wooden materials or metal materials have been used for doors. However, in the case of a wood material, when a fire occurs, the material itself is liable to burn, causing burning, and in the case of a metal material, the weight is heavy and the thermal conductivity is high, so the back surface of the door is There was a problem that the temperature rose to the side.

There is also a method using an inorganic material such as gypsum. However, in this case, a considerable thickness is required, and there have been problems such as a heavy door and a reduced degree of freedom in design.

Therefore, a door body made of wood is
Fire resistant door with a heat conducting plate (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5207/1993)
No. 5) has been proposed. Here, the heat conductive plate is not particularly limited as long as it has a higher heat conductivity than the wood material constituting the door body. For example, in addition to a metal plate such as an aluminum plate or an iron plate, carbonaceous powder particles may be used. There has been proposed a powder obtained by solidifying powder of body or flaky expanded graphite with a thermosetting binder.

In this case, it is difficult to uniformly disperse the flake-like expanded graphite powder in the thermoplastic resin by using an ordinary kneader. Therefore, when the thermosetting resin is synthesized, the flake-like expanded graphite is simultaneously dispersed. Graphite powder is added.

[0006]

However, if the thermosetting resin as a binder is incinerated by a fire due to a fire, the flaky expanded graphite cannot maintain its shape, and as a result, the door body may be burned out. There was a drawback that it was easy to do.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and provides a fire-resistant door capable of preventing the temperature of the back surface of the door body from rising and being burned down in the event of a fire, and preventing the spread of fire. The purpose is to do.

[0008]

The fireproof door according to the first aspect of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the present invention 1") has a fireproof expansion sheet and a metal plate laminated in this order on both surfaces of the door body. It is.

The invention according to claim 2 (hereinafter referred to as “the present invention 2”)
), A first metal plate, a fire-resistant expansion sheet, and a second metal plate are laminated in this order on both surfaces of the door body.

The invention according to claim 3 (hereinafter referred to as “the present invention 3”)
Said fireproof door, said fire resistant expansion sheet is a thermoplastic resin, or a resin component consisting of a sticky rubber-like substance, a phosphorus compound, neutralized heat-expandable graphite,
It is composed of a hydrated inorganic substance and a metal carbonate.

The metal plate used in the present invention 1 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a steel plate, a galvanized steel plate, and a stainless steel plate. In this case, if the door body is made of a metal material, the fire-resistant expansion sheet can maintain the shape between the metals even if a fire occurs.

The first metal plate and the second metal plate used in the present invention 2 are not particularly limited, and the metal plate used in the present invention 1 can be used. The two metal plates may be made of the same material or may be made of different materials. In this case, if the door body is made of a metal material, the fire-resistant expansion sheet can maintain the shape between the metals even if a fire occurs.

The resin component is not particularly restricted but includes, for example, polypropylene resins, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene resins, poly (1-) butene resins, polypentene resins, polystyrene resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene. Resin, polycarbonate resin, polyphenylene ether resin, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, phenol resin, polyurethane resin, polybutene, butyl rubber, polychloroprene, polybutadiene, polyisobutylene, nitrile rubber, etc. No.

Of these, halogenated resins such as chloroprene-based resins and chlorinated butyl-based resins have high flame retardancy by themselves, and furthermore, cross-linking occurs due to dehalogenation reaction by heat, resulting in residue after heating. Is preferred in that the strength of the resin is improved. What was exemplified as the above resin component,
Since it is very flexible and has rubber-like properties, it is possible to highly fill the above-mentioned inorganic filler, and the obtained resin composition becomes flexible and flexible. In order to obtain a more flexible and flexible resin composition, a non-vulcanized rubber or a polyethylene resin is preferably used.

The above resin components may be used alone or in combination of two or more. A blend of two or more resin components may be used as the base resin in order to adjust the melt viscosity, flexibility, tackiness, etc. of the resin components.

The resin component may be cross-linked or modified as long as the fire resistance is not impaired. When performing the cross-linking or modification of the resin component, the resin component may be subjected to cross-linking or modification in advance, and the cross-linking or modification may be performed when or after blending other components such as a phosphorus compound or an inorganic filler described below. May be applied.

The cross-linking method is not particularly limited, and includes a cross-linking method generally used for the resin component, for example, a cross-linking method using various cross-linking agents, peroxides and the like, and a cross-linking method by electron beam irradiation. .

The melting and softening temperature of the resin component is preferably not higher than the expansion start temperature of the neutralized heat-expandable graphite described below.

The phosphorus compound is not particularly limited.
For example, red phosphorus; various phosphates such as triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, xylendiphenyl phosphate; phosphorus such as sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, and magnesium phosphate Acid metal salts; ammonium polyphosphates; and aliphatic hydrocarbon phosphates. Among these, from the viewpoint of fire resistance, red phosphorus and ammonium polyphosphates are preferable, and ammonium polyphosphates are more preferable in terms of performance, safety, cost, and the like.

[0020] The flame retardant effect is improved by adding a small amount of the above-mentioned red phosphorus. As the red phosphorus, commercially available red phosphorus can be used, but from the viewpoint of moisture resistance, safety such as not spontaneously igniting during kneading, those obtained by coating the surface of red phosphorus particles with a resin are preferably used. .

The above-mentioned ammonium polyphosphates are not particularly restricted but include, for example, ammonium polyphosphate and melamine-modified ammonium polyphosphate. Of these, ammonium polyphosphate is preferably used from the viewpoint of handleability and the like. Examples of commercially available products include "AP422" and "AP462" manufactured by Clariant, "Sumisafe P" manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., "Terage C60", "Terage C70", and "Terage C80" manufactured by Chisso. The above phosphorus compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The neutralized heat-expandable graphite is obtained by neutralizing heat-expandable graphite which is a conventionally known substance. The heat-expandable graphite is a natural scale-like graphite, pyrolytic graphite, powder such as quiche graphite,
Produced by treating with inorganic acids such as concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and selenic acid and strong oxidizing agents such as concentrated nitric acid, perchloric acid, perchlorate, permanganate, dichromate, and hydrogen peroxide. It is a graphite intercalation compound that is a crystalline compound while maintaining a layered structure of carbon.

The heat-expandable graphite obtained by the acid treatment as described above is further neutralized with ammonia, an aliphatic lower amine, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, etc. Heat-expandable graphite.

The aliphatic lower amine is not particularly restricted but includes, for example, monomethylamine, dimethylamine,
Trimethylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine and the like. The alkali metal compound and the alkaline earth metal compound are not particularly limited,
For example, hydroxides, oxides, carbonates, sulfates, organic acid salts of potassium, sodium, calcium, barium, magnesium and the like can be mentioned. Commercial products of the neutralized heat-expandable graphite include, for example, “GR manufactured by Tosoh Corporation”
EP-EG "," GRAF "manufactured by UCAR Carbon
GUARD # 160 "," GRAFGUARD # 22
0 "and the like.

The particle size of the neutralized heat-expandable graphite is preferably 20 to 200 mesh. If the particle size is smaller than 200 mesh, the degree of expansion of graphite is small,
When the predetermined refractory heat-insulating layer is not obtained and the particle size is larger than 20 mesh, there is an advantage that the degree of expansion of the graphite is large, but when kneading with the resin component, the dispersibility becomes poor, and a decrease in physical properties is inevitable. .

In the above resin composition, the compounding amounts of the phosphorus compound and the neutralized heat-expandable graphite are as follows:
20 to 500 parts by weight per 0 parts by weight is preferred. If the compounding amount is less than 20 parts by weight, the amount of the combustion residue after heating becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 500 parts by weight, the physical properties such as elongation of the resin composition are reduced, and the moldability is greatly reduced. Cannot be obtained.

The weight ratio of the neutralized heat-expandable graphite to the phosphorus compound (heat-expandable graphite / phosphorus compound) is 0.0
1-9 are preferred. If the compounding ratio of the heat-expandable graphite subjected to the neutralization treatment increases, the expanded graphite at the time of combustion scatters, and a sufficient refractory heat insulating layer is not formed.If the compounding ratio with the phosphorus compound increases, a sufficient refractory heat insulating layer is obtained. Is not formed,
Sufficient fire insulation cannot be obtained.

Examples of the above-mentioned hydrated inorganic substance include calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, hydrotalcite and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the aluminum hydroxide include "H-42M" having an average particle diameter of 1 μm (manufactured by Showa Denko KK) and "H-31" having an average particle diameter of 18 μm (manufactured by Showa Denko KK).

Examples of the above-mentioned metal carbonate include sodium carbonate, basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate, zinc carbonate and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Commercial products of the above calcium carbonate include, for example, "Whiteton SB Red" (manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd.) having an average particle size of 1.8 μm, and "BF300" having an average particle size of 8 μm.
(Manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd.).

The above-mentioned hydrated inorganic substance is endothermic due to water generated by the dehydration reaction at the time of heating, the temperature rise is reduced and high heat resistance is obtained, and an oxide remains as a heating residue. It is particularly preferable in that it works as an aggregate to improve residue strength. Magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide have different temperature ranges in which the dehydrating effect is exerted, so when used together, the temperature range in which the dehydrating effect is exerted expands, and a more effective temperature rise suppression effect is obtained. It is possible.

In the above resin composition, the amount of the water-containing inorganic substance is preferably from 10 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the heat absorbing effect due to dehydration during combustion is insufficient, so that the heat insulating effect during combustion becomes insufficient. If the amount exceeds 500 parts by weight, the elongation characteristics of the resin composition are significantly reduced.

When ammonium polyphosphate is used as the phosphorus compound, the metal carbonate is considered to promote expansion by a reaction with ammonium polyphosphate. In addition, it acts as an effective aggregate and forms a combustion residue having high shape retention after burning.

In the above resin composition, the amount of the metal carbonate is preferably from 10 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the strength of the combustion residue after heating becomes insufficient because the amount of aggregate is insufficient, and if it exceeds 500 parts by weight, the elongation characteristics of the resin composition are remarkably deteriorated.

Since the above-mentioned hydrated inorganic substances and metal carbonates act as aggregates, they are considered to contribute to the improvement of the strength of combustion residues and the increase of heat capacity. In the present invention, an inorganic filler may be added in addition to the hydrated inorganic substance and the metal carbonate.

The particle diameter of the hydrated inorganic substance and the metal carbonate is preferably 0.5 to 100 μm, more preferably 1 to 50 μm. Further, it is more preferable to use a combination of a large particle size and a small particle size, and by such a combination, it is possible to achieve high filling while maintaining the mechanical performance of the sheet-like molded body. Becomes

When the amount of the hydrated inorganic substance and the metal carbonate is small, it is preferable that the particle diameter is small because the dispersibility greatly affects the performance. However, when it is less than 0.5 μm, secondary aggregation occurs, and the dispersibility is low. Gets worse. When the addition amount of the hydrated inorganic substance and the metal carbonate is large, the viscosity of the resin composition increases and the moldability decreases as the high filling proceeds, but the viscosity of the resin composition decreases by increasing the particle size. From the viewpoint that the particles can be used, those having a large particle diameter are preferable in the above range. On the other hand, when the particle size exceeds 100 μm, the surface properties of the molded article and the mechanical properties of the resin composition decrease.

The particle diameter of the hydrated inorganic substance and the metal carbonate is as follows:
When the particle size is small, the bulk becomes large and it is difficult to achieve high filling. Therefore, a large particle size is preferable for high filling in order to enhance the dewatering effect. Specifically, when the particle size is 18 μm,
It is known that the filling limit is improved by about 1.5 times as compared with the particle diameter of 1.5 μm. Further, by combining a material having a large particle size and a material having a small particle size, higher filling can be achieved.

The above-mentioned resin composition is melt-kneaded by supplying each component constituting the resin composition to a conventionally known kneading apparatus such as a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, a Banbury mixer, a kneader mixer, and a two-roller. Can be obtained. The resulting resin composition is molded into a sheet by a conventionally known molding method such as extrusion molding or calender molding, whereby a fire-resistant expanded sheet can be obtained.

The thickness of the refractory expansion sheet is 0.5 to 10
mm is preferred. When the thickness is less than 0.5 mm, a refractory heat insulating layer having a sufficient thickness is not formed after combustion, and when the thickness exceeds 10 mm, workability is reduced.

The resin composition described above contains a flame retardant, an antioxidant, a metal damage inhibitor, an antistatic agent, a stabilizer, a cross-linking agent, a lubricant, a softener, a pigment and the like as long as the physical properties of the resin composition are not impaired. You may. Further, a tackifier may be added to impart tackiness to the fire-resistant multilayer sheet.

(Function) Since the fireproof door of the present invention 1 has a fireproof expansion sheet and a metal plate laminated on both sides of the door body in this order, the fireproof expansion sheet expands when a fire occurs. Since it forms a heat insulating layer, it exhibits excellent fire resistance and suppresses heat transfer to the opposite side of the door.

The fireproof door according to the second aspect of the present invention has a structure in which a first metal plate, a fireproof expansion sheet, and a second metal plate are laminated in this order on both surfaces of the door body. The heat transfer to the opposite side of the door is suppressed, and even when a fire occurs, the fire-resistant expansion sheet can keep the shape between the metals even when the door body is made of a woody material.

The fireproof door according to the third aspect of the present invention is the fireproof door according to the first or the second aspect, wherein the fireproof expansion sheet is a thermoplastic resin,
Or a resin component consisting of a sticky rubber-like substance, a phosphorus compound, a neutralized heat-expandable graphite, a hydrated inorganic substance, and a metal carbonate, so that it expands during combustion and burns A fire-resistant heat-insulating layer made of a residue is formed, and the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer has good shape-retaining material properties, and thus exhibits excellent fire-resistance performance.

[0046]

The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples.

Example 1 42 parts by weight of butyl rubber ("butyl rubber # 065" manufactured by Exxon Chemical Co., Ltd.), 50 parts by weight of polybutene ("Polybutene 100R" manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.), and hydrogenated petroleum resin ("ESCOLETS" manufactured by Tonex Corporation) 5
320 ") and 100 parts by weight of a resin component consisting of 8 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate (" A "manufactured by Clariant).
P422 ”), 100 parts by weight, neutralized heat-expandable graphite (“ GREP-EG ”manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) 30 parts by weight, aluminum hydroxide (“ H-31 ”manufactured by Showa Denko KK) 50 parts by weight, and Calcium carbonate ("BF" manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd.
300 ") 100 parts by weight were kneaded with a roll to obtain a sheet-like material. Then, the sheet-like material is applied to both sides of the metal door body to form a 2.0 mm thick fire-resistant expansion sheet, and a 0.3 mm-thick zinc steel sheet is attached to both sides of the sheet. Got the door.

(Example 2) A 0.3 mm thick zinc steel sheet was stuck on both sides of a wooden door body, and the sheet was coated on both sides to form a 2.0 mm thick fire resistant expansion sheet. Then, a zinc steel sheet having a thickness of 0.3 mm was adhered to both surfaces thereof, thereby obtaining a fire-resistant door.

Comparative Example 1 The metal door body used in Example 1 was subjected to the test as it was.

Comparative Example 2 Example 1 was repeated except that a gypsum board having a thickness of 10 mm was stuck instead of the fire-resistant expanded sheet.
I got the door in the same way.

The doors obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were subjected to a fire prevention test according to JIS A1311. Examples 1 and 2 showed a heating test, an impact test, and a smoke test. On the other hand, in the case of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the back surface exceeded 260 ° C. in the heating test, and was rejected.

[0052]

The fire-resistant door of the present invention is constructed as described above. Therefore, in the event of a fire, the temperature of the rear surface of the door body does not rise, and the shape is maintained without burning down, and the fire is prevented from burning. Can be prevented.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fireproof door wherein a fireproof expansion sheet and a metal plate are laminated in this order on both surfaces of a door body. 2. A fire-resistant door, wherein a first metal plate, a fire-resistant expansion sheet, and a second metal plate are laminated in this order on both surfaces of the door body. 3. The fire-resistant expansion sheet according to claim 1, wherein the heat-resistant expansion sheet is a thermoplastic resin,
Or a resin component composed of a sticky rubber-like substance, a phosphorus compound, neutralized thermally expandable graphite, a hydrated inorganic substance, and a metal carbonate.
Or the fireproof door of 2.