JP2000038738A - Underground wall excavator and excavating method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily control a posture of the excavation driving part, and to easily excavate a vertical hole by respectively suspending the excavation driving part in the four corners by suspension wires, lifting the excavation driving part by operating these suspension wires, and controlling the posture. SOLUTION: In the almost rectangular excavating mechanism part 50, the four corners are suspended by independent suspension wires 23, and a control mechanism arranged in the excavation operating part 10 controls the posture by lifting the excavating mechanism part 50 by driving a common shaft 21 and drums 22. The common shaft 21 is lifted without inclining the excavating mechanism part 50 by simultaneously hoising or delivering the four suspension wires 23 by uniformly driving the four drums 22. The excavation operating part 10 is moved to the vicinity of a guide wall 41 previously fixed to the ground surface by a traveling device 11, and after adjusting the excavating mechanism part 50 to an excavating position by adjusting an angle of a pair of left/right booms 13 by a lifting cylinder 17, the excavating mechanism part 50 is adjusted to an excavating position and is lowered to excavate an underground wall by an excavating mechanism 56.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an underground wall excavator and an excavation method using the excavator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A hole having a predetermined plane shape is excavated in the ground, and concrete is buried in the hole together with a reinforcing bar or a steel frame to form an underground structure (pile, concrete wall). And construction methods used as underground structures are known. In this method, there is a problem how to dig a vertical hole with a plane and a cross-sectional shape as designed.

[0003] The conventional underground wall excavator is a device for suspending an excavating drive unit having an excavating mechanism and having a substantially rectangular shape as a whole with a single central wire, and performing excavation while lowering this. . This conventional device, however, does not
Even though it is a large one weighing several tens of tons, it is only suspended by a single wire in the center, so that it moves (rotates) only by pushing the end with one hand. In particular, during excavation, an uneven force is exerted, and therefore, naturally, there is a tendency to proceed in a direction in which excavation resistance is small, and a hole is easily bent.

In order to prevent this, the excavation driving unit is provided with flaps (adjustment guides) which are driven forward and backward on four vertical surfaces thereof, and these flaps are selectively pressed against the excavated underground wall. Trying to control the posture by doing things. However, since the strength of the underground wall itself varies, this attitude control is extremely difficult. In addition, the flap may scratch the wall surface and cause collapse.

As described above, in the conventional apparatus, it is practically impossible to dig a vertical hole in a single digging operation, and in reality, the bent hole is digged into a vertical hole by operating a flap. Need work. However, this correction operation must be performed while frequently measuring the hole shape by ultrasonic waves, and usually requires much longer time than the first excavation operation. Despite the very high excavation capability of the excavation mechanism, it is not possible to dig a straight hole, and the drilling ability is sacrificed by the modification work in the actual situation of the conventional underground wall excavator. is there.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an underground wall excavator capable of easily controlling the position of an excavating drive and excavating a vertical hole. Another object of the present invention is to obtain a method for intentionally excavating a wide hole (irregular hole) at an arbitrary position using the underground wall excavator.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the form of an excavator, the present invention relates to an underground wall having an excavation mechanism and having a substantially rectangular excavation drive as a whole; and an excavation operation unit for suspending and operating the excavation drive. In the excavator, the excavation drive unit is suspended from the four corners of the excavation drive unit when viewed in a plan view, and the excavation operation unit is provided with a control mechanism that operates these suspension wires to raise and lower the excavation drive unit and control the posture. It is characterized by:

The excavation operation unit includes a lifting mechanism that winds or unwinds the suspension wires at the four corners to raise and lower the excavation driving unit as a control mechanism; and controls the extension length of the suspension wires at the four corners to control the excavation drive. And a posture control mechanism for controlling the posture of the unit. This lifting mechanism
Specifically, it can be constituted by a drum around which the suspension wires are wound at the four corners and its rotation drive mechanism, and the attitude control mechanism can be constituted by a feed length fine adjustment jack or winch provided on each suspension wire. The take-up drums of the suspension wires at the four corners can be composed of four individual drums that rotate synchronously, four drums integrated one by one, or four drums that rotate coaxially and integrally.

[0009] As the installation mode of the feeding length fine adjustment jack, a tension roller for guiding each wire is provided in an excavation operation unit or connected to a wire end of a suspended wire to advance or retract the tension roller. It can be provided on the operation unit. A winch may be provided instead of the jack. In addition, it is preferable to provide an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the suspension positions of the suspension wires at the four corners on the excavation drive unit at the upper part of the excavation drive unit. Furthermore, it is preferable that the excavation operation unit is provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position where the hanging wires at the four corners are suspended from the excavation operation unit.

The present invention, in a method aspect, comprises a digging drive having a digging mechanism and having a substantially rectangular shape as a whole; a digging operating portion for suspending and operating the digging drive; Excavating by using the underground wall excavator having four corner hanging wires respectively suspended at four corners thereof, while raising and lowering the excavation drive without tilting the four corner hanging wires; and excavating with the four corner hanging wires. And excavating while tilting the drive unit.

According to another aspect, the method of the present invention includes a digging drive unit having a digging mechanism and having a substantially rectangular shape as a whole;
An excavation operation unit for suspending and operating the excavation drive unit; four corner suspension wires respectively suspended at four corners of the excavation drive unit in plan view; and winding or feeding out these four corner suspension wires to perform excavation drive. Using an underground wall excavator having a lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the section, and a posture control mechanism for controlling the posture of the excavation driving section by controlling the length of the suspension wires at these four corners. Digging while raising and lowering the digging drive without tilting using a mechanism; and digging while tilting the digging drive using a lifting mechanism and a posture control mechanism; I have.

In the step of digging while tilting the digging drive, a wide portion can be formed on the underground wall digged with a substantially constant width. The wide part shall be formed by widening the underground wall excavated at a constant width from the upper end, or at the deepest or middle part of the underground wall excavated at a constant width in the depth direction. Can be.

[0013]

1 to 3 show an entire structure of an excavator according to the present invention and a first embodiment. The excavator includes an excavation operation unit (travel base) 10 that can travel by the traveling device 11, and an excavation mechanism unit 50 suspended from the excavation operation unit 10. Lower ends of a pair of right and left booms 13 are pivotally mounted on the excavation operation unit 10 by shafts 14, respectively. In the following description, the traveling direction of the traveling device 11 will be referred to as the left-right direction, and the direction orthogonal thereto will be referred to as the front-back direction.

At the upper ends of the pair of booms 13, a pair of sheaves 15 are rotatably supported by a horizontal shaft 16 at front and rear positions, respectively. A sheave 15 is located at each corner of the rectangle.

Each of the pair of booms 13 can be tilted about a shaft 14 by a lifting cylinder 17.
The tilt (3) changes the position (planar distance) of the sheave 15 with respect to the excavation operation unit 10. That is, the plane rectangular shape formed by the four pairs of sheaves 15 is
Moves toward and away from 0. Each of the four pairs of sheaves 15 (and their shafts 16) is a front-rear jack 15F (FIG. 1).
The position in the front-rear direction and the position in the left-right direction can be adjusted by the left and right jacks 15R (FIG. 2). That is, the front-rear direction jack 15F and the left-right direction jack 15R
Constitutes an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the suspension positions of the suspension wires 23 at the four corners from the excavation operation unit 10.

On the digging operation unit 10, on the common shaft 21,
Four drums 22 are fixed. One end of each of four independent suspension wires 23 is fixed and wound on each of the drums 22. Each suspension wire 23 is guided to one of the paired sheaves 15 via a corresponding sheave 25 rotatably supported by a horizontal shaft 24 at a fixed position on the excavation operation unit 10.

The excavating mechanism 50 has a substantially rectangular shape, and its upper surface has four corners at its four corners in plan view.
Corresponding to the planar position of the sheave 15 on the side
1 is provided. In this embodiment, a pair of front and rear sheaves 51 are supported by the same horizontal shaft 52 so as not to be rotatable in the axial direction, and the horizontal shaft 52 is fixed on the excavation mechanism 50. The bearing 53 is movably supported in the front-rear direction. A jack 54 is fixed on the bearing 53.
4a is fixed to the horizontal shaft 52 via a bracket 52a. Therefore, by operating the jack 54, the horizontal shaft 52 is moved in the axial direction, and the excavation mechanism 5
The position of the sheave 51 on the front and back in the front-rear direction can be adjusted.

The four suspension wires 23 guided to one of the four pairs of sheaves 15 are wound around the respective sheaves 51 of the excavating mechanism 50 and then returned to the other of the pair of sheaves 15. Further, the other end is fixed to the advance / retreat shaft 28a of the wire feeding length fine adjustment jack 28 via a corresponding sheave 27 rotatably supported by a horizontal shaft 26 at a fixed position on the excavation operation unit 10. I have. The wire feeding length fine adjustment jack 28 is fixed on the excavation operation unit 10.

The substantially rectangular excavating mechanism 50 has an excavating mechanism 56 at its lower end. This excavating mechanism 56
A rotary type, a bucket type, a bit type and the like are known, and the present invention is not limited to the type, but FIG.
6 is an outline conceptual diagram of FIG. In addition, a plurality of flaps (adjust guides) 57 are provided on four vertical surfaces of the excavation mechanism 50, as shown in FIGS. Each flap 57 is movable at least at its upper and lower ends in the horizontal direction by a respective jack 58 (FIG. 8). As the flap 57, a tiltable one is also known, but the present invention is not limited to such a flap type.

An example of the basic operation of the underground wall excavator having the above configuration is as follows. The guide wall 41 is fixed on the ground surface in advance according to the position and interval of the planned ground wall. The excavation mechanism 50 is suspended above the excavation operation unit 10 by driving the common shaft 21 and the drum 22 in the hoisting direction. Since the common shaft 21 drives the four drums 22 evenly and winds or unwinds the four suspension wires 23 at the same time, the excavating mechanism 50 is basically lifted without being inclined.

The excavating operation unit 10 is moved to an appropriate position near the guide wall 41 by the traveling device 11 and the angle of the boom 13 is adjusted by the lifting / lowering cylinder 17, so that the excavating mechanism unit 50 at the lifting position is positioned in the plane. To the excavation position of the underground wall between the guide walls 41. Next, the excavating mechanism 50 is lowered by rotating the common shaft 21 in the extending direction, and the excavating mechanism 56 excavates the underground wall between the guide walls 41. Excavation mechanism 50
Are suspended at the four corners by independent suspension wires 23, so that the excavation mechanism 5
There is almost no risk of the direction of 0 going out of order (rotating), and therefore a vertical hole can be easily dug.

In the course of excavation, if the excavation mechanism 50 is tilted for some reason, the four wire feeding length fine adjustment jacks 28 are selectively operated to set the effective length of the four suspension wires 23 (the feeding length). Length) is changed, and the inclination generated in the excavation mechanism 50 is eliminated. The rotation of the excavation mechanism 50 in the horizontal plane direction is achieved by operating the jack 54 to move the horizontal shaft 52 in the axial direction.
The position in the front-rear direction of the sheave 51 on the zero can be adjusted and prevented. In addition, the hanging positions of the suspension wires 23 at the four corners from the excavation operation unit 10 can be adjusted by the front-rear direction jack 15F and the left-right direction jack 15R. This control is automatically performed by forming a feedback system by detecting the inclination and rotation of the excavation mechanism unit 50 with an XY inclinometer provided in the excavation mechanism unit 50 and detecting the inclination in two orthogonal directions and a gyro. Can be. The flap 57 can be used as an auxiliary to prevent the excavation mechanism 50 from tilting. However, if the flap 57 is pressed against the wall surface of the underground wall with a strong force, the wall surface of the underground wall may be damaged and collapse may occur. In addition, the front-rear direction jack 15F, the left-right direction jack 15R, and the jack 5
4 is preferably provided, but may be omitted in some cases.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show different hanging modes of the excavating mechanism 50, respectively. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the wire feeding length fine adjustment jacks 28 are fixed to the four corners of the upper surface of the excavation mechanism 50, respectively, and one end of the suspension wire 23 is fixed to each of the advance / retreat shafts 28a. Further, the four suspension wires 23 are wound around a pair of drums 22D coaxially integrated with each other in front and rear,
The two pairs of drums 22D can be driven synchronously or individually, and can be driven individually.

According to this example, in addition to the fine adjustment of the extension length of the suspension wire 23 by the wire extension length fine adjustment jack 28, the extension length of the left and right suspension wires 23 is changed to intentionally incline the excavation mechanism 50. Can be given. FIG. 10 shows an aspect in which the excavation is performed while giving the excavation mechanism unit 50 an inclination in the left-right direction (an inclination that does not change the width of the excavated underground wall). This excavation mode can be performed by the fine wire feeding length adjusting jack 28 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, but the amount of adjustment of the fine wire feeding length of the hanging wire 23 by the fine wire feeding length adjusting jack 28 is limited. . According to this embodiment, a larger tilt amount can be set.

The above description is an example in which the excavating mechanism 50 is inclined in the left-right direction. A pair of left and right suspension wires 23 is wound around another pair of coaxially integrated drums, and these coaxially integrated suspension wires 23 are coaxially integrated. If the drums are individually controlled, the excavation mechanism section 50 can be given an inclination in the front-rear direction (inclination that changes (increases) the width of the excavated underground wall). FIG.
Shows such an excavation mode. This excavation mode is also possible in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 by using the wire feeding length fine adjustment jack 28, but according to such an embodiment, a larger inclination amount can be set.

FIG. 5 shows the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 in which a pair of front and rear suspension wires 23 are wound around a pair of coaxially integrated drums 22D.
Are individually driven.

FIG. 6 shows four corners on the upper surface of the excavating mechanism 50.
This is an example in which one end of each of the four suspension wires 23 is simply fixed. These suspension wires 23 are connected to the sheave 15,
It is wound around the drum 22D via a sheave 25 and other guide sheaves 31 and 32, and a wire feeding length fine adjustment jack 28 is provided between the guide sheaves 31 and 32. The wire feeding length fine adjustment jack 28 has a roller 28b at the tip of an advancing / retracting shaft 28a, and the roller 28b serves as a tension roller.
Is pressed. 5 and 6, the same operation as the previous embodiment can be obtained.

In each of the above embodiments, the suspension wires 23 at the four corners are wound around four drums coaxially integrated, or four drums each having a coaxial pair, so as to be moved up and down. Of course, it is also possible to wind the suspension wire of the same on a separately driven drum. In the example of the single drive, the function of the jacking-out amount fine adjustment jack can be given to the individual drive drum. The payout amount fine adjustment jack can be replaced with a winch or other fine adjustment mechanism.

FIG. 7 shows an example of an installation mode of the wire feeding length fine adjustment jack 28. Excavation operation unit 10
A swing arm 34 is pivotally mounted on the (or excavation mechanism 50) by a shaft 33. A base of the wire feeding length fine adjustment jack 28 is pivotally mounted on one end of the swing arm 34 by a shaft 35. And the other end of the swing arm 34 and the digging operation unit 1
The load cell 36 is provided between the load cell 36 and the excavation mechanism 50. According to this configuration, the load applied to the suspension wire 23 can be detected by the load cell 36, and by controlling the amount of advance / retreat of the advance / retreat shaft 28a according to the detected load, for example, the inclination of the excavation mechanism 50 can be reduced. It can be controlled so as not to occur.

As described above, the underground wall excavator can suppress the rotation of the excavation mechanism 50 and control the posture, so that a vertical hole can be easily excavated. On the other hand, an excavation mode in which the excavation mechanism unit 50 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is inclined is also possible. According to such an excavation mode, particularly according to the excavation mode of FIG. 9, a wide hole is formed from the ground surface or in the ground. Can be formed. FIG. 9 shows a case where an underground wall having a substantially constant width W is excavated and then its width is widened from the surface of the ground. If the excavating mechanism 50 is inclined in this manner, the excavating mechanism 50 does not escape. , The width can be easily and uniformly widened.

On the other hand, FIG. 11 shows an excavation mode in which a wide hole WW is formed in the ground after excavating an underground wall having a substantially constant width W.

FIG. 12 shows that the widened portion WW is formed at the deepest portion and the middle portion of the excavated underground wall by the excavation mode of FIG.
Underground concrete structure 4 on the underground wall including the wide part
4 shows an example of a construction in which 4 is entered. A building 45 is built on the underground concrete structure 44.

[0033]

According to the underground wall excavator of the present invention, the posture of the excavation drive unit can be easily controlled, so that a vertical hole can be easily excavated. Further, according to the method of the present invention, the wide hole (irregular hole) can be easily excavated at an arbitrary place by digging with the excavation drive unit intentionally inclined by the attitude control mechanism.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of an underground wall excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing one connection mode of an excavation drive unit and four wires.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another connection mode of the excavation drive unit and four wires.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing still another connection mode between the excavation drive unit and four wires.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another connection mode of the excavation drive unit and four wires.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing an example of a fine adjustment jack and a load cell provided on each wire.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a drive system of a flap of the drive excavation unit.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing one excavation mode by the underground wall excavator of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing another excavation mode by the underground wall excavator of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing still another excavation mode by the underground wall excavator of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing another excavation mode by the underground wall excavator of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Excavation operation part 11 Traveling device 15 25 27 51 Sheave 15F 15R Jack (hanging position adjustment mechanism) 17 Lifting cylinder 21 Common shaft 22 22D Drum 23 Suspended wire 28 Wire feeding length fine adjustment jack 28a Advance / retreat shaft 50 Excavation mechanism 54 Jack (Hanging position adjustment mechanism) 56 Excavation mechanism 57 Flap 58 Jack

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. An underground wall excavator having an excavation mechanism and having a generally rectangular excavation drive unit; and an excavation operation unit for suspending and operating the excavation drive unit. The underground wall, wherein a suspension mechanism is provided at each of the four corners with suspension wires, and a control mechanism is provided in the excavation operation unit for operating the suspension wires to raise and lower the excavation drive unit and control the posture. Excavator. 2. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavation operation unit winds or unwinds the suspension wires at the four corners to raise and lower the excavation drive unit; and extends the suspension wires at these four corners. And an attitude control mechanism for controlling the length of the excavation drive unit by controlling the length. 3. The underground excavator according to claim 1, further comprising: an adjusting mechanism provided at an upper portion of the excavating drive for adjusting hanging positions of the suspension wires at the four corners on the excavating drive. Wall excavator. 4. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavating operation unit is provided with an adjusting mechanism that adjusts hanging positions of the suspension wires at the four corners from the excavating operation unit. Underground wall excavator. 5. A digging drive unit provided with a digging mechanism and having a substantially rectangular shape as a whole; a digging operation unit for suspending and operating the digging drive unit; and hanging at four corners of the digging drive unit in plan view. A digging method using an underground wall excavator having four corner hanging wires; and excavating while raising and lowering a digging drive unit without tilting by the four corner hanging wires; and the four corner hanging wires. And excavating while tilting the excavation drive unit. 6. A digging drive unit having a digging mechanism and having a substantially rectangular shape as a whole; a digging operation unit for suspending and operating the digging drive unit; A lifting mechanism that winds or unwinds these four hanging wires and raises and lowers the excavating drive; and controls the unwinding length of the four hanging wires to control the position of the excavating drive. An excavation method using an underground wall excavator having an attitude control mechanism for controlling the excavation while raising and lowering the excavation drive unit without tilting using the elevation mechanism and the attitude control mechanism; Excavating while tilting the excavation drive unit using a lifting mechanism and a posture control mechanism. 7. The excavation method according to claim 5, wherein in the step of excavating while inclining the excavation drive unit, a wide portion is formed on an underground wall excavated with a substantially constant width. 8. The excavation method according to claim 7, wherein the wide portion is formed by widening an underground wall excavated at a constant width from an upper end thereof. 9. The excavation method according to claim 7, wherein the wide portion is formed at a deepest portion or a middle portion in the depth direction of the underground wall excavated with a constant width.