JP2000024957A - Punching method and punching apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a punching method and a punching apparatus reducing a fluctuation in accuracy by an operator and being excellent in productivity. SOLUTION: In a punching method and a punching apparatus 21, a gauge plate 26 having a gauge hole 26a is formed with a prescribed punching position as the center, and a magnet sheet 27 is joined to the reverse side of the gauge plate 26 to be magnetically installed in a prescribed position on a workpiece 29 through the magnet sheet 27. Fitting of the main body part 22 and the gauge plate 26 is released by a fitting release means in a state of fitting the fitting part 22a of the main body part 22 in the gauge hole 26a so as to be punched by the punching part 23 arranged by penetrating through the main body part 22.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a punching method and a punching tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type, a boring process in the next process is performed by measuring a reference surface of a workpiece with a measuring tool such as a vernier caliper and hitting a punch at a predetermined position marked with a marking needle. It is connected to.

When a large number of workpieces are required, it takes time to measure each piece with a vernier caliper or the like. Therefore, a gauge plate having a gauge hole formed at a predetermined position is formed.
As shown in the figure, the gauge hole 26a of the gauge plate is copied on the workpiece as it is, and the marking is made. The arc f is marked by a single pass from the 90 ° or 120 ° dividing points a and b of the arc of the gauge hole 26a. The punch was hit in search of the center c inside the arc f.

[0004]

However, in such a conventional device, hand-drawing is performed using one pass, and punching is performed on the hand, so that the accuracy varies depending on the operator or the work is not performed. There was a problem that time was required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a punching method and a punching tool which have little variation in accuracy among operators and have high productivity.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a gauge plate is formed by providing a gauge hole centered on a punching point at a predetermined position, and forming a gauge plate. A magnet sheet is provided so as to be integrally joined to the back surface side of the gauge plate, and the gauge plate is magnetically attached to a predetermined position of a workpiece via the magnet sheet, and a rod-shaped punch portion having a pointed end portion A fitting portion is provided at a terminal of the main body portion into which is penetrated, the fitting portion is fitted into the gauge hole, and the pointed end of the punch portion is fixed so as to be pushed up to the workpiece. , The fitting of the fitting portion is released and punching is performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a through-hole penetrating in the axial direction substantially at the center of a cross section of a main body constituting a punch, and a head of a rod-shaped punch having a pointed end in the through-hole. A punch of a punching tool, in which a spring is urged between an upper end surface of the main body and the punch is penetrated into the through-hole, and is integrally assembled, wherein the punch is in the axial direction of the main body. A small screw is screwed into the through hole so as to reach the through hole, and the punch portion is cut in the axial direction so that the tip of the small screw abuts and slides to provide a slide surface. And a circumferential groove is provided so as to go around the punch portion, and the main body portion is moved in the axial direction against the spring, and then is made to go around a little. Slides along the groove so that the fitting part is It is characterized in that to allow the amount moved and fixed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a punching method and a punch of a punching tool according to the first and second aspects, wherein the punch portion constituting the punch is directed from the middle in the axial direction to the tip end side. A punch having an outer diameter that can be fitted into a gauge hole provided in a gauge plate, and a cylindrical shape having an inner diameter that is slidable in the small diameter portion. An insertion member is inserted into the small diameter portion, and a movable spring is provided between the insertion member and the punch portion for connecting the two. The movable spring is extended to insert the insertion member into the gauge hole. Then, the pointed end of the punch portion was fixed so as to be pushed up against the workpiece, and the movable spring was released from extension, whereby the inserted body was moved along the small-diameter portion so that the insertion could be released. It is characterized by:

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the gauge plate of the punching method according to the first aspect, a gauge hole centering on a punching point is provided at a predetermined position,
A gauge plate of a punching tool to be magnetically attached to a predetermined position of a workpiece, provided with a plurality of openings on the surface of the gauge plate, magnetically attached to a fixed magnet to be inserted into the openings, The invention is characterized in that the gauge plate can be fixed at a predetermined position.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a through-hole penetrating in the axial direction substantially at the center of the cross section of the main body constituting the punch, and a rod-shaped punch having a pointed end is penetrated into the through-hole. A long hole that opens in the terminal side of the main body in parallel with the through-hole, forms a marking needle having a rod-like shape, one end of which is a needle head and the other end of which is a point, and the marking needle is attached to the needle head. A punch with a built-in marking needle of a punching tool inserted into the elongated hole by incorporating a return spring on the lower side, provided with a guide groove penetrating from the elongated hole toward the outside of the main body, A guide screw is screwed into and attached to the needle head by penetrating the guide groove from the outside, and the guide screw is slid along the guide groove, whereby the tip of the marking needle is opposed to the return spring. Part can protrude from the terminal of the body part It is characterized in the thing.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a fitting portion is formed at a terminal of a main body portion into which a rod-shaped punch portion having a pointed end constituting a punch penetrates, and the fitting portion is fitted into a gauge hole. An auxiliary tool for a punching tool to be mounted on a workpiece and punched, wherein the auxiliary tool has the gauge hole formed substantially at the center thereof, and is coaxial with the gauge hole, and has a rod-like shape. Each auxiliary tool was formed for a bar having a straddling opening abutting so as to straddle a workpiece, or as a cylindrical body so that the fitting portion can be fitted into an existing machining hole without a gap. It is characterized by:

According to the present invention, a gauge plate is formed by forming a gauge hole centered on a punching point at a predetermined position, and the gauge plate can be positioned at a predetermined position on a workpiece. Thus, a positioning tool for a punching tool provided with a mounting portion at an edge of at least one of the gauge plates, having a predetermined width and substantially L
At the horizontal portion end of the positioning tool formed in the shape of a letter, the mounting portion to be mounted on the gauge plate is provided, while on the vertical portion, the gauge plate is brought into contact with or magnetically attached to the workpiece so that the gauge plate has a predetermined It is characterized in that a reference surface for positioning at a position is provided.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0014]

Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described based on.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a punching method, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part showing the punch structure and operation of FIG.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 21 denotes a punch.
A main body 22 having a through hole 22A substantially at the center and a punch portion 23 penetrating into the through hole 22A. The terminal 22q of the main body 22 is formed to have a slightly smaller diameter than the main body 22 to fit into the fitting portion 22a. And a small screw 24 that reaches the through hole 22A is provided substantially at the center of the main body 22 in the axial direction.

The punch portion 23 is provided with a slide surface 23b at a position corresponding to the small screw 24 in the axial direction by cutting it in a plane or groove shape, and is connected to an end of the slide surface 23b on the head 23a side. In addition, a round groove 23c is provided so as to go around the rod-shaped punch portion 23.

The punch portion 23 is formed in the through hole 2 of the main body portion 22.
2A is inserted between the head portion 23a of the punch portion 23 and the upper end surface 22p of the main body portion 22 while the spring 25 is biased. The slide surface 23b of 23 and the orbital groove 23c are screwed so as to slide.

Therefore, the operation of the punch is shown in FIG.
As shown by the arrow in FIG.
2 is slid in the axial direction.
When it is slightly rotated along 3c, the pointed end 23d of the punch 23 protrudes from the terminal 22q of the main body 22 and is fixed, so that punching can be performed.

On the other hand, a gauge plate 26 has a predetermined number of gauge holes 26a at predetermined positions. The gauge hole 26a is formed to have a diameter that allows the fitting portion 22a of the punch 21 body 22 to be fitted.

Then, a magnet sheet 27 is joined to the back surface of the gauge plate 26 so as to be integrated, so that it can be magnetically attached to the workpiece 29.

Next, in the punching method, as shown in FIG. 1, predetermined positional dimensions X and Y are defined on the surface of the workpiece 29 from the vertical and horizontal reference planes 29a and 29b on the side of the workpiece 29. Each is measured, and the gauge plate 26 magnetically attached with the magnet sheet 27 is shifted so that the gauge hole 26a is located at a predetermined position.

Then, the fitting portion 22a of the main body portion 22 is fitted into the gauge hole 26a of the gauge plate 26, the head portion 23a of the punch portion 23 is pushed, and the pointed end portion 23d is pushed up against the workpiece. The portion 22 is pushed up along the axis against the urging of the spring 25 and is made to orbit slightly when it comes into contact.

Therefore, as shown by the arrow, the small screw 24 screwed into the main body 22 slides in the axial direction on the slide surface 23b provided on the punch portion 23 and comes into contact with the circumferential groove 23c when the slide surface 23b abuts. After being turned around, the fitting portion 22a is fixed in a state of coming out of the gauge hole 26a.

At this point, the head 23a of the punch 23 is hit with a hammer (not shown) while holding the main body 22, thereby making a punch mark on the surface of the workpiece 29.

By sequentially performing this series of operations, punching can be accurately performed on the surface of the workpiece 29 from a predetermined hole of the gauge plate 26.

(First Modification) A first modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view showing a modification of the punch of FIG. In the first modification, the punch 2
In the axial direction of the punch portion 23, the shape of the small-diameter portion 23 is cut from the middle toward the pointed end portion 23d so as to have a small diameter.
e, and the punch portion 23 is formed.

A separately formed flanged cylindrical fitting body 22b having an outer diameter that can be fitted into the gauge hole 26a and an inner diameter that slides into the small-diameter portion 23e is inserted into the narrowed portion 23e. It is slidably inserted into the diameter portion 23e. Further, the inserted body 22b is formed by a movable spring 22d and a punch portion 23.
Is linked to

Therefore, at the time of punching, the fitting 22b is extended by hand against the movable spring 22d to move the small-diameter portion 23e to fit into the gauge hole 26a of the gauge plate 26. Is held so as to be pressed against the workpiece. Then, the fitting body 22b
When the hand is released, the movable spring 22d operates and the gauge hole 26 is released.
Remove from a.

By hitting the head 23a of the punch 21 with a hammer in this state, punching can be performed without interfering with the gauge plate 26.

Other configurations and operations are the same as those in FIG. 2, and the description thereof will be omitted.

(Modification 2) A modification 2 of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a modification of the gauge plate of FIG. In the second modification, a plurality of openings 26b are provided in substantially U-shape on the opposite side surface of the gauge plate 261 when viewed from a plane.
The gauge plate 261 is fixed by fitting the fixed magnet 28 to b as shown by the arrow.

The opening may be any shape as long as the fixed magnet 28 can be inserted therein. In addition to the U-shape shown in FIG. 4, the opening may be formed in a round hole or the like.

When the gauge plate 261 is fixed at a predetermined position, the fitting portion 22a of the punch 21 is inserted into the gauge hole 26a.
And punched in the same manner as shown in FIG.

In such a case, unlike the case of magnetizing with the magnet sheet 27 shown in FIG. 1, the work of positioning the gauge plate 261 can be performed without magnetizing, so that the accuracy can be easily adjusted. There are features.

Other structures and operations are the same as those shown in FIG.

[0039]

Embodiment 2 Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
A description will be given based on (a), (b), and (c).

FIG. 5A is an external view of a punch with a built-in marking needle in which a marking needle is built in the punch of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5B is a bottom view of FIG. 5A.

FIG. 5C is a sectional view of a main part of FIG. 5A.

In the second embodiment, a long hole 34c opening toward the terminal 22q of the main body 32 is formed in parallel with the through hole 32A of the punch 23 provided substantially at the center of the main body 32 of the punch 31. A return spring 34e is assembled and inserted into the rod-shaped marking needle 34 having a needle head 34d and a pointed portion 34f and inserted into the elongated hole 34c.

Also, from the outside of the main body 32, FIG.
As shown in (a), a substantially L-shaped guide groove 34a reaching the long hole 34c is formed, and a guide screw 34b penetrated from the guide groove 34a is provided on the needle head 34d of the marking needle 34 with a tap. 34s.

Therefore, when the guide screw 34b is picked up and slid along the guide groove 34a, the marking needle 34 slides in the elongated hole 34c and slides in the main body 32, as shown by the arrow.
From the terminal 22q.

Then, in this state, it is possible to use for marking.

If the guide groove 34a is traced in the reverse direction, the marking needle 34 is stored in the original position and is built in the main body 32.

[0048]

Third Embodiment A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the punching assisting tool, which is an explanatory view of the co-piercing punching assisting tool in the case where the workpiece 29 is the bar 35A and in the case of the co-piercing. Each of the punching assisting tools 35 (35a, 35b) shown in FIG. 6 is used by being fitted to the fitting portion 22a of the punch 21 (31).

That is, 35a is an auxiliary tool for punching a bar, 26a is a gauge hole provided in the auxiliary tool 35a,
a1 is a straddling opening for straddling the bar 35A. The strut 35A is fixed to the straddling opening a1 and the punch 21 (3
By fitting the fitting portion 22a of 1) into the gauge hole 26a, it is possible to accurately punch the bar 35A without shifting.

The auxiliary tool 35a can be variously prepared according to the diameter and shape of the rod 35A, or can be provided with a straddle opening a1.
May be tapered.

On the other hand, 35b is an auxiliary tool for drilling a hole, a gauge hole 26a is provided at the center, the outer periphery is formed from the fitting outer surface b1, and is formed into a cylindrical shape having an appropriate thickness.

More specifically, the function of the co-boring auxiliary tool 35b is as follows. A second plate 29, which is a workpiece 29, is placed under a first plate already processed and opened. The auxiliary tool 35b for hole drilling is inserted into the first hole (with or without penetration), and the fitting portion 22a of the punch 21 (31) is inserted into the gauge hole 26a of the auxiliary tool 35b. Then, punching can be performed on the second sheet material.

[0054]

Fourth Embodiment A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which a positioning tool is mounted on the gauge plate shown in FIGS.

In the fourth embodiment, the horizontal portion 41A has a predetermined width and is formed substantially in an L-shape when viewed from the side. Is provided. The mounting portion 41 is provided with a nest pin 40a and a tap 4b on the plate side, and the nest hole 4a and the holding screw 40 are provided in the gauge plate 26 (261).
b, and they are assembled and fixed. Of course, the nest pin 40a and the nest hole 4a may be provided in reverse.

Further, a reference surface 45 is provided on the inner surface side of the vertical portion 45A of the positioning tool 40, and the reference surface 29 of the workpiece 29 is provided.
a.

Therefore, the reference surface 29a of the workpiece 29
The gauge plate 26 (261) can be positioned only by bringing the reference surface 45 of the positioning tool 40 into contact with the side surface of the gauge plate 26. In addition, since the reference surface 45 has a predetermined width, it can be prevented from being displaced even if the reference surface 45 sways or receives an external force.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a main part showing a state where the gauge plate is positioned by a positioning tool having a positioning magnet incorporated in a vertical plane.

In such a device, the same operation as that of FIG. 7 is performed, but the reference surface 45 provided on the inner surface side of the vertical portion 45A is provided.
Since the positioning magnet 42 is inserted into the gap, the displacement of the gauge plate 26 (261) can be further prevented even when an external force is applied.

[0061]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a gauge plate having a predetermined number of gauge holes at predetermined positions is magnetically attached to a workpiece and does not move.

Therefore, by merely aligning the punch position with the gauge plate without marking, the punch can be punched with little variation in accuracy and high productivity by the operator.

According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, when punching is performed, the fitting portion of the punch is released from the gauge hole of the gauge plate. Therefore, even if the punching is performed, there is no interference between the gauge plate and the punch, and the punching can be accurately performed at a predetermined position.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the gauge plate can be positioned and then fixed by the fixed magnet. Therefore, the positioning of the gauge plate is easily performed, and the productivity is good.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the case of various types of workpieces in small quantities, punching is often performed after marking without making a gauge plate. Therefore, the punch and the marking needle can be used immediately after switching, and the workability can be improved. In addition, since the marking needle is built-in, it is convenient to carry.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the use of the auxiliary tool makes it possible to perform punching of a co-piercing process on a bar or a laminated plate which could not be performed conventionally, and the application width of the punch is remarkably increased. Spread.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, there is no need to measure and position the gauge plate. Therefore, punching productivity is good. Further, the positioning tool with the positioning magnet inserted therein is further fixed with the gauge plate to make it difficult to move, so that the accuracy can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a method of punching a workpiece according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a sectional view of a main part showing the punch structure of FIG. 1; FIG. 2B is a sectional view of a main part showing the operation of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the punch structure according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a modification of the gauge plate according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5A is an external view of a punch with a built-in marking needle according to the second embodiment. (B) It is the external view which looked at FIG. 5 (a) from the bottom face. (C) is an essential part cross sectional view showing the insertion structure of the marking needle of FIG. 5 (a).

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a punching aid for marking according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a positioning tool according to Embodiment 4.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a main part showing a modification of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of marking for finding a center according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Punch 22 ... Body part 22a ... Fitting part 23 ... Punch part 26, 26 ... Gauge plate 26a ... Gauge hole 27 ... Magnet sheet 29 ... Workpiece 31 ... Marking needle built-in punch 35 ... Punch punching auxiliary tool 40 ... Positioning Ingredient

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A gauge sheet is formed by providing a gauge hole centered on a punching point at a predetermined position to form a gauge plate, and integrally joined to a back side of the gauge plate to provide a magnet sheet. The gauge plate is magnetically attached to a predetermined position on the workpiece through a sheet, and a fitting portion is provided at a terminal of a main body portion into which a rod-shaped punch portion having a pointed end is penetrated, and the fitting portion is formed in the gauge hole. And the tip of the punch portion is fixed so as to be pushed up against the workpiece, and the fitting of the fitting portion is released from the gauge hole by the fitting releasing means, and punching is performed. Punching method. 2. A through-hole penetrating in the axial direction is provided substantially at the center of the cross section of the main body constituting the punch, a head of a rod-shaped punch having a pointed end in the through-hole, and an upper end surface of the main body. A punch of a punching tool integrally assembled by urging a spring between the punch portions and penetrating the through holes, wherein a small screw is inserted into the through holes in the axial direction of the main body portion. The punch is cut in the axial direction to provide a slide surface so that the tip of the small screw abuts and slides, and a slide surface is provided. By providing a circumferential groove so as to move the main body in the axial direction against the spring, and continue to rotate slightly, the small screw slides along the slide surface and the circumferential groove, So that the fitting part can be moved and fixed in the axial direction by a predetermined amount. Punch hitting instrument, characterized in that the. 3. A punch of a punching tool having a small diameter portion formed from an intermediate point in an axial direction of a punch portion constituting a punch toward a pointed end, and can be fitted into a gauge hole provided in a gauge plate. A cylindrical insert having an outer diameter and an inner diameter slidable in the small-diameter portion is inserted into the small-diameter portion and provided, and furthermore, both are connected between the insert and the punch portion. To provide a movable spring,
By extending the movable spring, the fitting body is fitted into the gauge hole, and the pointed end of the punch part is fixed so as to be pushed up to the workpiece, and the movable spring is released from extension, whereby the fitting body is The punching tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tool is moved along the small-diameter portion so that the fitting can be released. 4. A gauge plate for a punching tool which is provided with a gauge hole centered on a punching point at a predetermined position and magnetically adheres to a predetermined position on a workpiece. The punching tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of openings are provided, and the gauge plate is fixed to a predetermined position by being inserted into the openings and magnetically fixing a fixed magnet. . 5. A through-hole penetrating in the axial direction is provided substantially at the center of a cross section of a main body portion constituting the punch, and a rod-shaped punch portion having a pointed end portion is penetrated into the through-hole, and is parallel to the through-hole. A long hole that opens on the terminal side of the main body is provided to form a marking needle having a rod shape, one end of which is a needle head and the other end is a point, and the marking needle is returned below the needle head to form a spring. A punch with a built-in marking needle of a punching tool inserted into the elongated hole and provided with a guide groove penetrating from the elongated hole toward the outside of the main body, and penetrating the guide groove from the outside. A guide screw is screwed and attached to the needle head, and the guide screw is slid along the guide groove so that the tip of the marking needle is opposed to the terminal of the main body portion against the return spring. The port is characterized by being able to protrude. Jiuchi instrument. 6. A fitting portion is formed at a terminal of a main body portion into which a rod-shaped punch portion having a pointed end portion forming a punch penetrates, and the fitting portion is fitted into a gauge hole and mounted on a workpiece. An auxiliary tool for a punching tool for punching, wherein the auxiliary tool has the gauge hole formed substantially at the center, and is coaxial with the gauge hole and abuts on the bar-shaped workpiece. For punching, wherein each auxiliary tool is formed for a rod having a straddling opening or a cylindrical body so that the fitting portion can be fitted into an existing processing hole without a gap. Appliances. 7. At least one of the gauges is formed at a predetermined position with a gauge hole centered on a punching point to form a gauge plate, and the gauge plate can be positioned at a predetermined position on a workpiece. A positioning tool for a punching tool provided with a mounting portion at an edge of a plate, wherein the positioning tool has a predetermined width and is formed substantially in an L-shape in side view. A punching tool, characterized in that the mounting portion for mounting is provided, and a vertical surface is provided with a reference surface for abutting or magnetically attaching to the workpiece to position the gauge plate at a predetermined position.