JP2000024110A - Respiration synchronizing-type gas supply device - Google Patents
Respiration synchronizing-type gas supply deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000024110A JP2000024110A JP10201696A JP20169698A JP2000024110A JP 2000024110 A JP2000024110 A JP 2000024110A JP 10201696 A JP10201696 A JP 10201696A JP 20169698 A JP20169698 A JP 20169698A JP 2000024110 A JP2000024110 A JP 2000024110A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- respiratory
- time
- closing valve
- automatic opening
- supply device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、使用する者の呼吸
サイクルに応じて作動し得る自動開閉弁を備えた呼吸用
気体供給装置に関する。さらに詳細には、治療用気体、
例えば、酸素ガスを呼吸サイクルに応じて間歇的に使用
者に供給するための装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a respiratory gas supply device provided with an automatic opening / closing valve which can be operated according to a user's respiratory cycle. More specifically, therapeutic gases,
For example, the present invention relates to a device for intermittently supplying oxygen gas to a user according to a breathing cycle.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、肺気腫、慢性気管支炎等の呼吸器
系疾患に苦しむ患者が増加する傾向にあり、その最も効
果的な治療法の一つとして酸素吸入療法がある。かかる
酸素療法に用いられる酸素源としては、酸素ボンベや空
気中から酸素濃縮空気を直接分離する酸素濃縮装置が用
いられ、治療装置として次第に普及するようになってき
ている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the number of patients suffering from respiratory diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis tends to increase, and oxygen inhalation therapy is one of the most effective treatments. As an oxygen source used in such oxygen therapy, an oxygen cylinder or an oxygen concentrator that directly separates oxygen-enriched air from the air is used, and is becoming increasingly popular as a therapeutic device.
【０００３】従来、酸素ボンベから得られた酸素、又は
酸素濃縮器により得られた酸素濃縮気体を呼吸器疾患患
者に供給する場合には、通常ボンベ又は濃縮器から延長
されたチューブの先端に設けられた鼻カニューラから連
続的に患者の鼻孔内に導入される方式が採用されてい
る。Conventionally, when oxygen obtained from an oxygen cylinder or oxygen-enriched gas obtained from an oxygen concentrator is supplied to a patient with a respiratory disease, the oxygen is usually provided at the end of a tube extended from the cylinder or the concentrator. A method of continuously introducing a patient through a nasal cannula into a nostril of a patient is adopted.
【０００４】更に改良された供給方式としては、患者の
呼吸サイクルに対応して、空気吸入時においてのみ酸素
濃縮気体を供給することができるようにすることによっ
て、呼気と共に排出されてしまう無駄な酸素濃縮気体の
供給を防止して利用効率を高める方法が実用に供されて
いる。[0004] A further improved supply method is to supply oxygen-enriched gas only at the time of inhalation of air in response to the patient's respiratory cycle, so that wasteful oxygen that is exhausted together with exhalation is discharged. A method of preventing the supply of the concentrated gas and increasing the utilization efficiency has been put to practical use.
【０００５】かかる装置として、流路途中に設けた自動
開閉弁、呼吸位相検知手段を具備した所謂デマンドレギ
ュレーターが用いられ、使用者の吸気時間にのみ自動開
閉弁を開き、呼気時間中は閉じることにより酸素消費量
を約１／３に節約することが可能となっている。かかる
節約は酸素ボンベを携帯して患者が外出するような場合
に特に有効であり、その移動時間を３倍に延長すること
が可能となる。As such a device, a so-called demand regulator equipped with an automatic opening / closing valve provided in the middle of the flow path and a respiratory phase detecting means is used. As a result, oxygen consumption can be reduced to about 1/3. Such savings are especially effective when the patient goes out with the oxygen cylinder, and the travel time can be extended three times.
【０００６】無駄な酸素の放出を更に少なくする手段と
しては、特表平５８−５００００５号公報に記載のよう
に、呼吸サイクルの吸入時の初期の短時間、例えば約
０．２５秒のみ供給することにより、前記方法と同程度
の血中酸素濃度を実現する手段なども提案されている。As means for further reducing the release of useless oxygen, as described in JP-T-58-500005, only an initial short period of time during inhalation of the respiratory cycle, for example, about 0.25 seconds is supplied. Accordingly, means for achieving a blood oxygen concentration equivalent to that of the above method have been proposed.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】これらの方法により、
無駄な酸素放出の低減は達成されたと思われるが、使用
者が仕事や運動をしたり労作中の酸素化、血中酸素濃度
の確保という点では未だ改良されるべき諸点が存在す
る。According to these methods,
Although it is believed that the useless reduction of oxygen release has been achieved, there are still points that need to be improved in terms of oxygenation during work and exercise or exertion by the user and securing blood oxygen concentration.
【０００８】吸気開始時は鼻腔から鼻咽頭内にかけての
人体における酸素吸収に関与しない死腔領域は直前の呼
気で満たされており、従来の吸気時間にのみ酸素を供給
する装置で患者の吸気検知後に酸素を供給した場合、吸
気初期は死腔領域の低酸素濃度の空気が再呼吸され、投
与した酸素が効率的に酸素化に寄与しない状態が生じ
る。特に過剰の運動労作時など呼吸回数あるいは１回換
気量が多くなり、人体が大量に酸素を必要とする時には
吸気時に酸素を投与したとしても、患者の血液酸素濃度
が低下するなど十分な酸素化が出来ていない場合が生じ
る。At the start of inspiration, a dead space region not involved in oxygen absorption in the human body from the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx is filled with the immediately preceding exhalation. When oxygen is supplied later, the air having a low oxygen concentration in the dead space region is re-breathed in the early stage of inhalation, and a state occurs in which the administered oxygen does not efficiently contribute to oxygenation. In particular, when the number of breaths or tidal volume increases due to excessive exertion and when the human body needs a large amount of oxygen, even if oxygen is administered during inspiration, sufficient oxygenation such as a decrease in the blood oxygen concentration of the patient occurs. May not be completed.
【０００９】これは特表昭５８―５００００５号公報に
記載された装置など酸素消費量を節約する装置ほど顕著
となる傾向がある。This tends to be more pronounced in an apparatus that saves oxygen consumption, such as the apparatus described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-500005.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上記の如き
課題を解消することを目的として鋭意検討した結果、患
者が吸気を開始する前の時期、すなわち呼吸気圧の変化
がほとんどない呼気期間の後半に酸素を投与することに
より労作時でも十分な酸素化が得られ、且つ患者の呼吸
状態に対応した酸素供給を行いつつ、更に酸素の無駄な
放出を減らすことが可能なとなることを見出したもので
ある。The inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies with the aim of solving the above-mentioned problems. As a result, the period before the patient started inhaling, that is, the expiration period during which there was almost no change in the respiratory pressure. By administering oxygen in the latter half of the period, sufficient oxygenation can be obtained even during exertion, and it is possible to further reduce wasteful release of oxygen while supplying oxygen corresponding to the patient's respiratory condition. It was found.
【００１１】即ち、本発明は、呼吸用気体の発生手段
と、一端が該発生手段に連通し他端に該呼吸用気体の開
放型供給手段を有し、途中に自動開閉弁手段を有した導
管手段、呼吸における少なくとも一部の所定位相を検知
し得る機能を有した呼吸位相検知手段、該検知手段の検
知結果に基づいて該自動開閉弁手段の開閉を制御する制
御手段を備えた呼吸同調型気体供給装置において、該制
御手段が、呼気位相の期間終了前の１／４以内の時点で
該自動開閉弁手段を開くように制御することを特徴とし
た呼吸同調型気体供給装置を提供するものである。That is, the present invention has a means for generating respiratory gas, one end communicating with the generating means, an open type supply means for the respiratory gas at the other end, and an automatic opening / closing valve means in the middle. Respiratory synchronization including conduit means, respiratory phase detecting means having a function of detecting at least a part of a predetermined phase in respiration, and control means for controlling opening and closing of the automatic opening / closing valve means based on a detection result of the detecting means A respiratory-synchronized gas supply device, characterized in that the control means controls the automatic opening / closing valve means to open at a point within 1/4 before the end of the expiration phase period. Things.
【００１２】また、本発明は、かかる制御手段が、呼気
位相期間の終了前１／４以内の時点で該自動開閉弁手段
を開き、次の吸気位相期間の前半１／４以内の時点で閉
じるように制御すること、特に、次の吸気開始以前に閉
じるように制御することを特徴とした呼吸同調型気体供
給装置を提供するものである。Further, according to the present invention, the control means opens the automatic opening / closing valve means within a quarter before the end of the expiration phase period, and closes the automatic opening / closing valve means within a first half of the next inspiration phase period. In particular, the present invention provides a respiratory-tuned gas supply device characterized in that it is controlled to close before the start of the next inspiration.
【００１３】また、本発明は、かかる装置特性に対応し
て予め定められた該開放型供給手段の出口側流量と該自
動開閉弁手段の開時間との関係に従い、吸気直前の１回
を含む複数回の呼吸周期から算出された当該吸気に係る
呼吸周期、設定された呼吸用気体節減比率、及び処方流
量から定まる１パルス当りの流量に対応して設定される
開時間の間、該自動開閉弁手段を「開」状態にするもの
であることをを特徴とする呼吸同調型気体供給装置、ま
たは、装置特性に対応して予め定められた該開放型供給
手段の出口側流量と該自動開閉弁手段の開時間との関係
に従い、設定された呼吸用気体節減比率、及び処方流量
から定まる開時間の間、該自動開閉弁手段を「開」状態
にするものであることを特徴とする呼吸同調型気体供給
装置を提供するものである。Further, the present invention includes one time immediately before intake, in accordance with the relationship between the flow rate on the outlet side of the open type supply means and the opening time of the automatic opening / closing valve means, which is predetermined according to the characteristics of the apparatus. The automatic opening and closing during the opening time set in accordance with the respiratory cycle related to the inhalation calculated from a plurality of respiratory cycles, the set respiratory gas saving ratio, and the flow rate per pulse determined from the prescribed flow rate A respiratory-tuned gas supply device characterized in that the valve means is brought into an "open" state, or an outlet-side flow rate of the open-type supply means and the automatic opening / closing predetermined according to the device characteristics. The automatic on-off valve means is set to an "open" state during an opening time determined from a set respiratory gas saving ratio and a prescribed flow rate according to a relationship with an opening time of the valve means. Providing a tuned gas supply It is.
【００１４】また、本発明は、該制御手段が、かかる呼
吸用気体の節減比率が連続供給に対して１／３〜１／７
であるように該自動開閉弁手段の開閉を制御することを
特徴とする呼吸同調型気体供給装置を提供するものであ
る。Further, according to the present invention, the control means may be arranged such that the saving rate of the respiratory gas is 1/3 to 1/7 with respect to the continuous supply.
The present invention provides a respiratory-tuned gas supply device that controls the opening and closing of the automatic opening / closing valve means.
【００１５】更に、本発明は、かかる自動開閉弁手段の
前及び／又は後に、呼吸用気体の１分当りの最大流量の
０．１〜５ｖｏｌ％の貯留空間部を有することを特徴と
する呼吸同調型気体供給装置を提供するものである。Further, the present invention is characterized in that a respiratory space is provided before and / or after the automatic opening / closing valve means, with a storage space of 0.1 to 5 vol% of a maximum flow rate of breathing gas per minute. A tuned gas supply device is provided.
【００１６】更に本発明は、かかる装置を用いて、呼吸
用気体、特に酸素を供給する呼吸同調型気体供給装置を
提供するものである。The present invention further provides a respiratory-tuned gas supply device for supplying a respiratory gas, particularly oxygen, using such a device.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の呼吸同調型気体供給装置
は、呼気期間終末部分の圧力変動の殆どない領域である
無呼吸停止期間に呼吸用気体の供給を開始する装置であ
る。かかる期間は呼吸周期のうち、呼気期間の終末側２
５％に相当する。この時期は、呼気が終了していて圧力
変化はほとんどない状態であり、本発明の呼吸同調型気
体供給装置は、この時期にパルスで呼吸用気体を鼻腔に
供給、貯溜しておき、吸気の限りなく初期に呼吸用気
体、例えば酸素を吸わせる装置である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The respiratory-tuned gas supply device of the present invention is a device for starting supply of respiratory gas during an apnea stop period, which is a region where there is almost no pressure fluctuation at the end of an expiration period. This period is the end 2 of the expiration period in the respiratory cycle.
Equivalent to 5%. At this time, the expiration is finished and there is almost no pressure change.The respiratory-tuned gas supply device of the present invention supplies the respiratory gas to the nasal cavity with a pulse at this time, stores the gas, and inhales. It is a device that allows inhalation of breathing gas, such as oxygen, as early as possible.
【００１８】本発明は、呼吸用気体の発生手段と、一端
が該発生手段に連通し他端に該呼吸用気体の開放型供給
手段を有し途中に自動開閉弁手段を有した導管手段と、
該自動開閉弁手段の開時間を制御することにより呼吸用
気体の供給量を制御する手段であるデマンド・レギュレ
ーターとから基本的に構成されるものである。According to the present invention, there is provided means for generating breathing gas, and conduit means having one end communicating with the generating means, the other end having open type supply means for the breathing gas, and the automatic opening and closing valve means in the middle. ,
It basically comprises a demand regulator which is a means for controlling the supply amount of breathing gas by controlling the opening time of the automatic opening / closing valve means.
【００１９】本発明の呼吸用気体の発生手段は、呼吸用
気体の発生源及び該発生源からの気体を所定圧力即ち大
気圧近傍の圧力に調節する圧力調節手段及び必要とすれ
ば流量設定手段からなる。該発生源は酸素ボンベ等のボ
ンベ形式のものであることができる。これらの発生源か
らの気体は通常相当高い圧力で供給されるので、それを
圧力調節手段例えば減圧弁を用いて大気圧近傍の圧力、
例えば２０ｋＰａ〜３００ｋＰａ、好ましくは１００ｋ
Ｐａ〜２００ｋＰａに圧力を低下させる。The respiratory gas generating means of the present invention comprises a respiratory gas generating source, a pressure adjusting means for adjusting the gas from the generating source to a predetermined pressure, that is, a pressure near the atmospheric pressure, and, if necessary, a flow rate setting means. Consists of The source can be of the cylinder type, such as an oxygen cylinder. Since the gas from these sources is usually supplied at a considerably high pressure, the pressure is adjusted to a pressure near the atmospheric pressure by using a pressure regulating means, for example, a pressure reducing valve.
For example, 20 kPa to 300 kPa, preferably 100 kPa
Reduce pressure to Pa-200 kPa.
【００２０】流量設定手段は最大流量で供給する方法
や、それ以下の流量を自由に設定できるものであること
ができ、適切な流量の定常流を導管手段を介して上記呼
吸用気体の発生手段から気体利用者即ち患者まで送られ
る。The flow rate setting means may be a method of supplying at a maximum flow rate or a means capable of freely setting a flow rate lower than the maximum flow rate. To the gas user or patient.
【００２１】この導管手段は上記気体発生手段に接続さ
れた細いプラスチックチューブを用いるのが普通であ
り、他端が患者の体内に供給気体が送入され易いような
治具、例えば鼻カニューラや口鼻マスクとなっているも
のである。この導管手段は途中に後述するデマンドレギ
ュレーターにおける自動流路開閉手段を経由しているも
のであり、更には同じくデマンドレギュレーターの呼吸
位相検知手段と連結していることもある。The conduit means usually uses a thin plastic tube connected to the gas generating means, and the other end has a jig such as a nasal cannula or a mouth for facilitating the supply of supplied gas into the patient's body. It is a nasal mask. This conduit means is provided on the way through an automatic flow passage opening / closing means in the demand regulator described later, and may be connected to the respiratory phase detecting means of the demand regulator.
【００２２】また、この導管手段は自動流路開閉手段の
上流側又は下流側に、呼吸用気体発生手段の１分当りの
最大流量（容積）の０．１〜５ｖｏｌ％の気体貯留空間
部を有することができ、これにより供給される気体のパ
ルス形状をなだらかにして利用者の異和感を軽減するこ
とができる。上記気体貯留空間部は上流及び下流の両方
に設けることもでき、この場合その容積は１分当りの最
大流量（容積）の０．１〜５ｖｏｌ％が好ましい。上記
貯留部を上流のみに設けた場合は、パルス形状の改善が
図られるが、初期流量はやや高い状態に留り、短時間供
給を達成する点からは好ましい。上記貯留部を下流のみ
に設けた場合、パルス形状はかなり変化し初期流量が低
下するので異和感低減上好ましいが、短時間供給を達成
する点からは逆効化となる。一方、上流下流両方に貯留
部を設けその容積を調節することにより、パルス形状も
適当に変化して初期流量が適度に低下して異和感が低減
すると共に、短時間供給を達成する上でも初期流量上問
題ない状態を実現することができる。This conduit means has a gas storage space of 0.1 to 5 vol% of the maximum flow rate (volume) per minute of the respiratory gas generating means on the upstream or downstream side of the automatic flow opening / closing means. Accordingly, the pulse shape of the supplied gas can be made gentle to reduce the user's discomfort. The gas storage space may be provided both upstream and downstream, and in this case, the volume is preferably 0.1 to 5% by volume of the maximum flow rate (volume) per minute. When the reservoir is provided only upstream, the pulse shape can be improved, but it is preferable from the viewpoint that the initial flow rate remains in a slightly high state and short-time supply is achieved. If the storage section is provided only on the downstream side, the pulse shape changes considerably and the initial flow rate is reduced, which is preferable for reducing discomfort. However, the effect is reversed in terms of achieving short-term supply. On the other hand, by providing the reservoirs on both the upstream and downstream sides and adjusting the volume, the pulse shape is also appropriately changed, the initial flow rate is appropriately reduced, the discomfort is reduced, and the supply in a short time is also achieved. A state in which there is no problem in the initial flow rate can be realized.
【００２３】本発明における自動開閉弁手段の開閉を制
御する制御手段（デマンド・レギュレーター）は、上記
導管手段の途中に、設けられている自動開閉弁手段を特
定の制御条件で開閉することにより、患者への気体供給
量を制御するものである。デマンド・レギュレーターは
呼吸における少くとも一部の所定位相を検知し得る機能
を有した呼吸位相検知手段と、該自動開閉弁手段の開閉
を制御するための制御手段と、該自動開閉弁手段とから
基本的に構成される。The control means (demand regulator) for controlling the opening and closing of the automatic opening and closing valve means in the present invention is provided by opening and closing the automatic opening and closing valve means provided in the middle of the conduit means under specific control conditions. It controls the amount of gas supply to the patient. The demand regulator includes a respiratory phase detecting means having a function of detecting at least a part of a predetermined phase in breathing, a control means for controlling the opening and closing of the automatic opening and closing valve means, and the automatic opening and closing valve means. Basically configured.
【００２４】該呼吸位相検知手段としては、従来より、
（イ）吸気・呼気の温度差を検知する方式；（ロ）胸部
に巻き付けたバンド（帯）内に、その伸縮を検知し電気
信号に変換するセンサーを設けて、胸部の動きを検知す
る方式（レスピーグラフ）；（ハ）吸気・呼気により、
気体の流れや圧力の変化を検知する、流量検知方式；も
のが知られており、いずれも使用可能であるが、簡便に
は上記導管端部のカニューラ部分における気体の圧力を
検出することにより達成できる。As the respiratory phase detecting means,
(A) A method to detect the temperature difference between inspiration and expiration; (b) A method to detect the movement of the chest by installing a sensor that detects the expansion and contraction and converts it into an electric signal in a band wrapped around the chest (C) By inspiration and expiration
A flow rate detection method that detects a change in gas flow or pressure; any of these methods is known, and any of them can be used, but is easily achieved by detecting the gas pressure at the cannula portion at the end of the conduit. it can.
【００２５】該自動開閉弁手段は、制御手段からの信号
により導管内の気体流を停止したり、流通させたりでき
るものであればいかなるものでもよい。例えば、空気圧
によりバルブを開閉するエアーバルブ式及び電気エネル
ギーによりバルブを開閉する電磁弁が例示できるが、簡
便には電磁弁を用いることができる。The automatic opening / closing valve means may be of any type as long as the gas flow in the conduit can be stopped or circulated by a signal from the control means. For example, an air valve type that opens and closes a valve by air pressure and a solenoid valve that opens and closes a valve by electric energy can be exemplified, but an electromagnetic valve can be used simply.
【００２６】該制御手段は、呼吸位相検知手段から送ら
れてきた信号を基礎として呼吸周期、吸気時間、呼気時
間を得る手段と、自動開閉弁手段の開閉時間設定手段並
びに開閉調節手段から基本的に構成される。The control means basically comprises a means for obtaining a respiratory cycle, an inspiration time and an expiration time based on a signal sent from the respiration phase detection means, and an opening / closing time setting means and an opening / closing adjusting means for the automatic opening / closing valve means. It is composed of
【００２７】該呼吸周期を得る手段は、呼吸位相検知手
段から送られてきた呼吸信号の変化パターンから同じパ
ターンが繰返される状態を認識し、その変化パターンの
周期（１パターンの時間）を得る方式であることができ
る。また周期は、ある吸気の開始時間から次の吸気の開
始までの時間、あるいは呼気信号のピークから次の呼気
信号のピークまでの時間として求めても良い。The means for obtaining the respiratory cycle recognizes a state in which the same pattern is repeated from the change pattern of the respiratory signal sent from the respiratory phase detecting means, and obtains the cycle of the change pattern (one pattern time). Can be The cycle may be determined as the time from the start time of a certain inspiration to the start of the next inspiration, or the time from the peak of the expiration signal to the peak of the next expiration signal.
【００２８】また周期は、複数回の周期を平均して求め
ることが好ましく、簡便には２回の平均を求めるもので
も良い。同様にして、同呼吸周期の呼気時間及び／又は
吸気時間を得る。The cycle is preferably obtained by averaging a plurality of cycles, and may be simply obtained by averaging two times. Similarly, the expiration time and / or the inspiration time of the same respiratory cycle are obtained.
【００２９】本発明における自動流路開閉手段の開時間
の制御は、上述の方法で吸気直前の１回を含む複数回の
平均呼吸周期から次回吸気開始時間を設定し、呼気時間
の１／４以下の範囲内の時間で、吸気開始時間前に開く
ように設定する。In the control of the opening time of the automatic passage opening / closing means in the present invention, the next inspiration start time is set from a plurality of average respiration cycles including one just before inspiration by the above-mentioned method, and 1/4 of the expiration time is set. It is set to open before the intake start time within the following range.
【００３０】例えば、前記呼吸位相検知手段により常時
検知されている位相を基に、吸気直前の１回を含む複数
回例えば２回の呼吸周期が別個に記憶又は積算的に記憶
される。これらの記憶をもとに次回の吸気開始時予測値
が算出される。この算出方式は特に限定はないが簡便に
は、平均値又は外挿値として求めることができる。For example, based on the phase constantly detected by the respiratory phase detecting means, a plurality of, for example, two respiratory cycles including one just before inspiration are separately stored or integratedly stored. A predicted value at the start of the next intake is calculated based on these memories. This calculation method is not particularly limited, but can be easily obtained as an average value or an extrapolated value.
【００３１】また、本発明における自動開閉弁手段の閉
時間の制御は任意に設定することが出来る。好ましくは
次の吸気期間の前半２５％以内であることが好ましく、
更に吸収効率を考えた上では、吸気開始前に閉じること
も可能である。The control of the closing time of the automatic opening / closing valve means in the present invention can be set arbitrarily. Preferably, it is within the first 25% of the next inspiration period,
In consideration of the absorption efficiency, it is also possible to close the valve before the start of intake.
【００３２】例えば、閉時間を呼気終了時、平均吸気時
間、平均呼気時間に対する比などを元に入力設定するこ
とが可能である。また別の方法として、呼吸用気体節減
比率を設定することにより自動開閉弁手段の『閉』時
間、即ち供給終了時間を設定することが出来る。これは
呼吸サイクルの全期間に処方流量を供給する場合の容積
（Ｖ0）に比べて、どれだけの容積（Ｖ1）の気体を供給
するかを設定する値であり、Ｖ1／Ｖ0として例えば、１
／３〜１／７の値、好ましくは１／４〜１／７の値を設
定することができる。いずれの場合も実際に使用者が利
用することが出来る実供給量Ｖ1は同じである。For example, it is possible to input and set the closing time based on the end of expiration, the average inhalation time, the ratio to the average expiration time, and the like. As another method, the "closed" time of the automatic on-off valve means, that is, the supply end time, can be set by setting the breathing gas saving ratio. This is a value that sets how much (V 1 ) of gas is supplied as compared with the volume (V 0 ) when the prescribed flow rate is supplied during the entire respiratory cycle, and V 1 / V 0 For example, 1
A value of ３ to ７, preferably a value of ４ to ７ can be set. Actual supply amount V 1 actually user can be utilized in either case is the same.
【００３３】処方流量は医者により定められる患者の必
要とする流量である。本発明の酸素供給装置は、患者の
呼吸を補助するためのものであり、また本装置から供給
された気体がすべて患者の気道内に入るものでもないの
で、当該処方流量は患者の体が必要とする絶対量と同一
ではない。本装置のような治療手段における処方流量と
して医者が定める値である。この値は、安静時と労作時
とで区別して定められる場合が普通であり、それぞれの
処方流量を入力する方式が取られている。The prescribed flow rate is the flow rate required by the patient as determined by the physician. The oxygen supply device of the present invention is for assisting the patient's breathing, and since not all the gas supplied from the device enters the patient's airway, the prescribed flow rate is required by the patient's body. Is not the same as the absolute amount. It is a value determined by the doctor as the prescribed flow rate in the treatment means such as the present apparatus. This value is usually determined separately at rest and during exertion, and a method of inputting respective prescription flow rates is employed.
【００３４】本発明においては、かかる値をもとにし
て、１パルス当りの流量が下記式、In the present invention, based on such values, the flow rate per pulse is given by the following equation:
【００３５】[0035]
【数１】流量／パルス（ｃｃ／−）＝処方流量（ｃｃ／
分）×酸素節減比率（−）／呼吸サイクル数（−／分） で算出される。## EQU1 ## flow rate / pulse (cc /-) = prescribed flow rate (cc /
Min) x oxygen saving ratio (-) / number of respiratory cycles (-/ min).
【００３６】一方、装置特性に対応して設定最大流量の
下でのカニューラ出口流量と開時間との関係は、別途実
験して求められたものを記憶することができる。ここに
おいて装置特性とは、基本的には前記導管手段の流動抵
抗に相当するものである。従って上記関係は、簡便には
実際の装置を用いて最大流量を設定した上で、自動流路
開閉手段の開時間を種々変化させて、それぞれに対応す
るカニューラ出口での流出量を測定すれば良い。もちろ
んこの関係は、流体力学的に理論的に求められる場合も
あろう。On the other hand, the relationship between the cannula outlet flow rate and the opening time under the set maximum flow rate in accordance with the device characteristics can be stored as determined by a separate experiment. Here, the device characteristics basically correspond to the flow resistance of the conduit means. Therefore, the above relationship is simply set the maximum flow rate using an actual device, then variously changing the opening time of the automatic passage opening / closing means, and measuring the outflow amount at the corresponding cannula outlet. good. Of course, this relationship may be theoretically determined hydrodynamically.
【００３７】かくして求められたカニューラ出口流量と
開時間との関係に従い、上記式に従って求められた流
量、即ちパルス当りの流量を与えるような時間だけ開時
間を設定し、自動開閉弁手段を開閉する。In accordance with the relationship between the cannula outlet flow rate and the opening time thus determined, the opening time is set for the flow rate obtained in accordance with the above equation, that is, the time for giving the flow rate per pulse, and the automatic opening / closing valve means is opened and closed. .
【００３８】[0038]
【実施例】［実施例１］図３は、本発明の呼吸用気体供
給装置の好ましい実施態様の１例を示したものである。
即ち、呼吸用気体の発生手段である酸素ボンベ１から出
た酸素は、減圧弁１０１、圧力調節弁１０２を経て、オ
リフィス型流量設定器２、自動開閉弁手段３を備えた導
管手段５を通って、開放型供給手段である鼻カニューラ
７から放出される。[Embodiment 1] FIG. 3 shows an example of a preferred embodiment of the respiratory gas supply device of the present invention.
That is, the oxygen that has come out of the oxygen cylinder 1 that is the means for generating respiratory gas passes through the pressure reducing valve 101 and the pressure regulating valve 102, and then passes through the conduit means 5 having the orifice type flow rate setting device 2 and the automatic opening / closing valve means 3. And is released from the nasal cannula 7, which is an open supply means.
【００３９】導管手段５からの分岐に設けられたダイヤ
フラム式の微圧変動センサーを備えた呼吸位相検知手段
９により呼吸における圧力変動が静電容量の変動に変換
され、制御手段１０に伝達される。Pressure fluctuations in breathing are converted into capacitance fluctuations by the respiratory phase detecting means 9 provided with a diaphragm type small pressure fluctuation sensor provided at a branch from the conduit means 5 and transmitted to the control means 10. .
【００４０】制御手段１０では、呼吸位相データを変換
し、まず直前４回の呼吸周期を記憶し１呼吸当たりの平
均呼吸周期時間を計算し、次回の吸気開始時間を計算す
る。また直前２回の吸気時間を記憶し平均吸気時間を計
算する。自動開閉弁の開始時期Ａ（１／４）、連続供給
に対する酸素節約率Ｂ（１／４）を入力し、記憶する。
次回の自動開閉弁『開』時間は、下記式、The control means 10 converts the respiratory phase data, first stores the last four respiratory cycles, calculates the average respiratory cycle time per breath, and calculates the next inspiration start time. Further, the last two intake times are stored, and the average intake time is calculated. The automatic opening / closing valve start timing A (1/4) and the oxygen saving rate B (1/4) for continuous supply are input and stored.
The next automatic opening / closing valve “open” time is calculated by the following formula,
【００４１】[0041]
【数２】自動開閉弁『開』時間＝次回吸気開始時間−平
均吸気時間×Ａ で決定される。## EQU2 ## Automatic open / close valve "open" time = next intake start time−average intake time × A.
【００４２】また、自動開閉弁『閉』時間は、下記式、The "closed" time of the automatic on-off valve is calculated by the following equation:
【００４３】[0043]
【数３】自動開閉弁『閉』時間＝自動開閉弁『開』時間
＋平均呼吸周期×Ｂ で決定される。## EQU3 ## Automatic opening / closing valve "closed" time = automatic opening / closing valve "open" time + average breathing cycle.times.B.
【００４４】かかる時間制御により自動開閉弁３の開閉
を制御する。The opening and closing of the automatic on-off valve 3 is controlled by such time control.
【００４５】［実施例２］実施例１と同様に、直前４回
の呼吸周期を記憶し１呼吸当たりの平均呼吸周期時間を
計算し、次回の吸気開始時間を推定する。また直前２回
の吸気時間を記憶し平均吸気時間を計算する。自動開閉
弁の『開』時期Ａ（１／４）および『閉』時期を呼気終
了時（＝吸気開始時）に設定入力、記憶する。[Second Embodiment] As in the first embodiment, the last four breathing cycles are stored, the average respiratory cycle time per breath is calculated, and the next inspiration start time is estimated. Further, the last two intake times are stored, and the average intake time is calculated. The "open" time A (1/4) and the "close" time of the automatic on-off valve are set and input at the end of expiration (= at the start of inspiration) and stored.
【００４６】次回の自動開閉弁『開』時期は、次回吸気
開始時間−平均吸気時間×Ａ、即ち呼気終了前２５％の
時点となり、自動開閉弁『閉』時期は、呼気終了時で決
定される。The next automatic on-off valve “open” time is the next inspiration start time−the average inhalation time × A, that is, 25% before the end of expiration, and the automatic on-off valve “close” time is determined at the end of expiration. You.
【００４７】[0047]
【発明の効果】本発明の呼吸同調型気体供給装置は、使
用者の気体吸収利用効率を更に高めることが可能とな
り、例えば酸素ガスを用いる場合には、労作時でも血中
酸素濃度を維持することが可能となる。また、酸素使用
量を従来の装置に比較して更に節約することが可能とな
りボンベを携帯して外出する場合など、使用者の行動範
囲の拡大など利便性も向上する。The respiratory-tuned gas supply device of the present invention makes it possible to further increase the gas absorption utilization efficiency of the user. For example, when oxygen gas is used, the blood oxygen concentration is maintained even during exertion. It becomes possible. Further, the amount of oxygen used can be further reduced as compared with the conventional apparatus, and convenience such as expansion of the range of action of the user can be improved, for example, when the user goes out with a cylinder.
【図１】本発明の呼吸同調型気体供給装置の酸素供給パ
ターンと使用者呼吸パターンの関係を示した図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between an oxygen supply pattern and a user breathing pattern of a respiratory-tuned gas supply device of the present invention.
【図２】従来の呼吸同調型気体供給装置の酸素供給パタ
ーンと使用者呼吸パターンの関係を示した図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between an oxygen supply pattern and a user's breathing pattern of a conventional breath-tuned gas supply device.
【図３】本発明の呼吸同調型気体供給装置の態様例。FIG. 3 is an example of an embodiment of a breath-tuned gas supply device of the present invention.
Claims (8)
手段に連通し他端に該呼吸用気体の開放型供給手段を有
し、途中に自動開閉弁手段を有した導管手段、呼吸にお
ける少なくとも一部の所定位相を検知し得る機能を有し
た呼吸位相検知手段、該検知手段の検知結果に基づいて
該自動開閉弁手段の開閉を制御する制御手段を備えた呼
吸同調型気体供給装置において、該制御手段が、呼気位
相の期間終了前の１／４以内の時点で該自動開閉弁手段
を開くように制御することを特徴とした呼吸同調型気体
供給装置。1. Respiratory gas generating means, a conduit means having one end communicating with the generating means and an open-type supplying means for the respiratory gas at the other end, and an automatic opening / closing valve means on the way. A respiratory phase detecting means having a function of detecting at least a part of a predetermined phase in the above, and a respiratory-tuned gas supply device comprising a control means for controlling opening and closing of the automatic opening and closing valve means based on a detection result of the detecting means. 3. The respiratory-tuned gas supply device according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls the automatic opening / closing valve means to open at a time point within 1/4 before the end of the expiration phase period.
／４以内の時点で該自動開閉弁手段を開き、次の吸気開
始以前に閉じるように制御することを特徴とした請求項
１記載の呼吸同調型気体供給装置。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control means determines whether the expiration phase period has expired.
2. The respiratory-tuned gas supply device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic opening / closing valve means is controlled to be opened at a time point within / 4 and to be closed before the start of the next inspiration.
／４以内の時点で該自動開閉弁手段を開き、次の吸気位
相期間の前半１／４以内の時点で閉じるように制御する
ことを特徴とした請求項１記載の呼吸同調型気体供給装
置。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control means is configured to execute the operation before the end of the expiration phase period.
2. The respiratory-tuned gas supply device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic opening / closing valve means is controlled to open at a time point within / 4 and closed at a time point within the first quarter of the next inspiration phase period.
放型供給手段の出口側流量と該自動開閉弁手段の開時間
との関係に従い、吸気直前の１回を含む複数回の呼吸周
期から算出された当該吸気に係る呼吸周期、設定された
呼吸用気体節減比率、及び処方流量から定まる１パルス
当りの流量に対応して設定される開時間の間、該自動開
閉弁手段を「開」状態にするものであることを特徴とす
る請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載する呼吸同調型気体供
給装置。4. A plurality of respiratory cycles including one immediately before inhalation, according to a relationship between an outlet flow rate of the open-type supply means and an opening time of the automatic opening / closing valve means which are predetermined according to device characteristics. The automatic opening / closing valve means is opened during the opening time set in accordance with the flow rate per pulse determined from the respiratory cycle of the inhalation calculated from the above, the set respiratory gas saving ratio, and the prescribed flow rate. The respiratory-tuned gas supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas supply device is in a state of "".
放型供給手段の出口側流量と該自動開閉弁手段の開時間
との関係に従い、設定された呼吸用気体節減比率、及び
処方流量から定まる開時間の間、該自動開閉弁手段を
「開」状態にするものであることをを特徴とする請求項
１〜３のいずれかに記載する呼吸同調型気体供給装置。5. A respiratory gas saving ratio and a prescribed flow rate which are set according to a relationship between an outlet flow rate of the open-type supply means and an opening time of the automatic opening / closing valve means which are predetermined according to device characteristics. The respiratory-tuned gas supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the automatic opening / closing valve means is in an "open" state for an opening time determined from the following.
準にして１／３〜１／７である、請求項４、５に記載す
る呼吸同調型気体供給装置。6. The respiratory-tuned gas supply device according to claim 4, wherein the respiratory gas saving ratio is 1/3 to 1/7 based on continuous supply.
１分当りの該発生手段の最大流量の０．１〜５ｖｏｌ％
の貯留空間部を有する、請求項１〜６記載のの呼吸同調
型気体供給装置。7. The automatic opening / closing valve means before and / or after
0.1 to 5 vol% of the maximum flow rate of the generating means per minute
The respiratory-tuned gas supply device according to claim 1, further comprising a storage space portion.
が、患者の鼻腔内を満たすように調整された、請求項１
〜３に記載の呼吸同調型気体供給装置。8. The method according to claim 1, wherein a pulse amount of the respiratory gas supplied at one time is adjusted so as to fill the nasal cavity of the patient.
4. The respiratory-tuned gas supply device according to any one of items 1 to 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10201696A JP2000024110A (en) | 1998-07-16 | 1998-07-16 | Respiration synchronizing-type gas supply device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10201696A JP2000024110A (en) | 1998-07-16 | 1998-07-16 | Respiration synchronizing-type gas supply device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000024110A true JP2000024110A (en) | 2000-01-25 |
Family
ID=16445407
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10201696A Pending JP2000024110A (en) | 1998-07-16 | 1998-07-16 | Respiration synchronizing-type gas supply device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000024110A (en) |
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1998
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