JP2000022839A - Partial data synchronizing method and portable information unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for making the partial data which a portable information unit holds synchronize with the full set data which a non-portable information unit holds. SOLUTION: In a portable information unit, data reference history information related to reference of respective data items in the portable information unit is transferred to the non-portable information unit prior to the reference (use) of data. In the non-portable information unit, partial data in data of a full set are extracted based on the data reference history information in the portable information unit in relation to the full set data and partial data is transferred to the portable information unit.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a portable telephone with a data communication function and a PDA (Personal Digital
The present invention relates to portable information devices such as digital assistants and portable small personal computers (PCs), and more particularly to a method of synchronizing partial data held by the portable information devices with a full set of data in a server.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A portable information device as described above can record, refer to, and update necessary data at an arbitrary place when necessary, and can also make a telephone call, a fax, an e-mail, browse an Internet homepage, And so on, it is a very convenient tool.

[0003] Since such a portable information device is provided with a communication function, it is externally connected via the Internet or the like.
For example, data stored in a non-portable information device such as a desktop personal computer can be referenced (used). Examples of such data include various data such as telephone directory data, business card data, schedule data, and a To-Do list.

[0004]

However, every time data is used from the outside, it is troublesome to search for and search for the target data from the full set of data of the non-portable information device. In addition, it takes time for the operation and processing for this, and when a public line is used, telephone charges increase.

Therefore, it is preferable that the same data is shared and held in a portable information device as in a non-portable information device such as a desktop personal computer. (In the following, such a portable information device with which the portable information device shares data is referred to as a "server.") However, since the portable information device is small, a large-capacity storage device such as a magnetic disk is used. , And its data storage capacity is limited compared to that of non-portable personal computers. For this reason, even if the same data is shared with the non-portable information device, the data must be partial data instead of a full set of data.

[0006] Further, the contents of a full set of data stored in a non-portable information device may be updated, and from that point of view, the portable information device requires a full set of data each time the data is required. It is preferable to copy the partial data from. Such synchronization of the partial data held in the portable information device with the full set of data held in the non-portable information device is called “synchronization”.

Therefore, when partial data is fetched from a non-portable information device to a portable information device, there arises a problem that which portion is to be fetched from a full set of data. Simply fetching an arbitrary predetermined number of data items or a predetermined amount of data may not include necessary data therein.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object of the present invention is to synchronize partial data to be held by a portable information device with a full set of data held by a non-portable information device. To provide a new method.

Another object of the present invention is to transfer the data reference history information of a user in a portable information device to a non-portable information device so that partial data corresponding to the data reference history information in the non-portable information device can be obtained. And a method for synchronizing the partial data with which the partial data is returned to the portable information device.

[0010] It is still another object of the present invention to provide a portable information device for implementing such a method.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A partial data synchronization method according to the present invention is a partial data synchronization method for transferring a part of a full set of data stored in a non-portable information device to a portable information device. There, transfer the data reference history information regarding the reference of each data item performed in the portable information device to the non-portable information device, in the non-portable information device,
Extracting partial data from the full set of data based on data reference history information in the portable information device regarding the full set of data, and transferring the partial data from the non-portable information device to the portable information device It is characterized by doing.

A "data item" can be any data. For example, telephone numbers, fax numbers,
An e-mail address or the like. Alternatively, there may be a case where the data in the unit of an individual that summarizes them is one item.

"Reference" means that the data item has been effectively used, and may be an operation that differs depending on the type of the data item. For example, a telephone number is for making a call to the other party, a FAX number is for sending a fax to the other party, and an e-mail address is for sending mail to the other party.

According to the present invention, it is possible to make the partial data held in the portable information device coincide with the data of the full set of the non-portable information device without having to manually update the data. In addition, since partial data is extracted from the full set of data based on the reference history information in the portable information device, even if the storage capacity of the non-portable information device is limited, data items with a higher utilization rate are Can be included.

As one mode of the partial data extraction, the non-portable information device updates and manages, for each data item of the full set of data, reference history information including the date and time when the data item was last referenced, As partial data,
Extract preferentially from recently referenced data items.

As another mode of the partial data extraction, in the non-portable information device, for each data item of the full set of data, a past representative reference time interval and the latest reference time last referenced are used. Update and manage data reference history information including, for each data item, predict the next reference time based on the time interval and the latest reference time, and as the partial data, predict the time of the plurality of data items Priority is extracted from those whose time is close to the present.

Here, the “representative reference time interval” is
For example, it is an average time interval of several reference times in the past. “Time” includes the date and time. According to this embodiment, even during a period in which there is no reference to any data item, the partial data to be extracted dynamically changes according to the reference time. This is because the relationship between the predicted next reference time and the current time changes every moment. As a result, a subset of data items that are highly likely to be referenced according to the current time are selected as reference candidates in the light of a reference cycle known from a past reference history of each data item. Therefore, even if the data item has a relatively low reference frequency, the data item that is periodically referred to is automatically positioned at the top of the reference candidate near the time when the cycle comes, so that a more appropriate Data can be extracted.

More specifically, for each data item,
A predetermined index value RefDis (Di, t) is calculated by the following equation, and RefDis (Di, t) = abs (T (Di) + I (Di) −
t) (where "T (Di)" and "I (Di)" are the last reference time for data item Di,
Based on the index value RefDis (Di, t) calculated by the above equation (which is a representative reference time interval of the latest predetermined number of times), the next reference time of each data item is predicted.

According to the present invention, there is also provided a computer program storing a computer program for implementing a partial data synchronization method for transferring a part of a full set of data stored in a non-portable information device to a portable information device. The partial data synchronization method includes a step of transferring, to a non-portable information device, data reference history information relating to each data item reference performed in the portable information device; In the information device, a step of extracting partial data of the data of the full set based on data reference history information in the portable information device with respect to the data of the full set, and extracting the partial data from the non-portable information device Transferring to a portable information device.

Further, the non-portable information device according to the present invention is a portable information device that receives a part of a full set of data stored in a non-portable information device, and wherein Means for updating and holding data reference history information relating to reference to each data item performed in the portable information device, which is used for extracting partial data of, and the updated data reference history information as non-portable information Transmitting means for transmitting to the device, receiving means for receiving partial data extracted from the non-portable information device based on the data reference history information, and storage means for storing the received partial data It is.

In this apparatus, preferably, the means for updating and holding the data reference history information sets a flag for the updated data reference history information, and the transmitting means sets only the data reference history information for which the flag has been set. Is transmitted to the non-portable information device, and the flag is restored after the transmission. Thus, only the changed data reference history information needs to be transmitted to the non-portable information device.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, an outline of a partial data synchronization mode of the portable information device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The portable information device 10 is, for example, a portable telephone with a data communication function, a PDA with a communication function, or a portable small personal computer.

A full set of data such as personal information (including telephone directory data and business card data), schedule data, and To-Do lists is stored in a server 20 which is a non-portable information device.
Is stored in the storage device 21. The server 20 has LA
N is connected to the personal computer PC30 via PC3.
From 0, the data of the server 20 can be referred to or updated. Although the server 20 and the PC 30 are shown separately in the figure, one PC may also serve as the PC.

A part (partial data) of the full set of data stored in the storage device 21 of the server 20 is transferred to the portable information device 10 via a communication medium and stored in the storage device therein. . In the present embodiment, the Internet is taken as an example of a communication medium. However, any communication medium that can transfer data between a portable information device and a non-portable information device, such as infrared communication or wired serial communication, may be used. Available.

When the portable information device 10 attempts to refer to (use) new data or when instructed by the user, the reference history information stored in the portable information device 10 is transmitted to the server 20. Then, based on this reference history information, partial data is extracted as described later. The extracted partial data is returned to the portable information device 10 and stored in an internal storage device. The user of the portable information device 10 searches for and uses target data from the partial data. In the server 20,
By extracting the partial data based on the past data reference history information, it is possible to include data items that are highly likely to be used by the user in the partial data.

In the present embodiment, "reference" means that a data item is a telephone number to make a call to the other party, a FAX number is to send a fax to the other party, and an electronic mail address is a mail to the other party. Is to send. The “reference history information” is information indicating which data item was referenced when (reference date and time)
It is.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic hardware configuration of a portable information device to which the present invention can be applied. In this configuration, a central processing unit (CPU) 101 controls the entire portable information device 10. The CPU 101 has a ROM 10
5, a flash memory 107, a RAM 108, a calendar IC 109, an infrared communication control unit 110, a flat display 122, various keys 131, a communication control unit 133, and an audio processing unit 138 are connected.

The ROM 105 is a read-only nonvolatile memory and stores various computer programs executed by the CPU 101 and necessary data.

The flash memory 107 is a rewritable nonvolatile memory for storing various data such as the above-mentioned personal information that the user wants to store in a nonvolatile manner. "Personal information" includes names and names of individuals, corporations, and various organizations (collectively, "individuals"), as well as telephone numbers (cellular and PHS telephone numbers) as various communication addresses. ), A FAX number, an e-mail address, a URL, and the like. Also,
A program that can be upgraded can also be stored in the flash memory 107. However, a flash memory need not be used as long as the storage means achieves the intended purpose.

The RAM 108 provides a temporary storage area and a work area necessary for the CPU 101 to execute a program, and an area for storing various data necessary for executing the program.

The calendar IC 109 is backed up by a battery and always provides current date and time data.

The infrared communication control section 110 is a control section for performing data communication with other information devices via infrared rays. The infrared communication control section 110 can also acquire partial data from the server 20 by using this.

The flat display 122 is a device for displaying information for informing the user of various information in the portable information device.

The communication control section 133 is a section for controlling wireless communication of voice and data. The communication control section 133 is connected to the antenna 135 via the RF section 134 and performs processing of radio signals.

The voice processing unit 138 is a means provided in a portable information device with a telephone function or a telephone with a PDA function, and includes a microphone 136 and a speaker 137.
To perform audio input / output processing.

In FIG. 2, detailed configurations (for example, a display memory, a display controller, an input / output control unit, etc.) are not shown.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, a description will be given of processing executed at the time of data communication between the portable information device 10 and the server 20 for partial data synchronization according to the present invention.

The user of the portable information device 10 connects to the server 20 via a communication medium such as the Internet when referring to (using) a new data item or when acquiring or updating partial data. (S1
1). On the other hand, the server 20 also connects to the portable information device 10 in response to this (S21).

Therefore, the portable information device 10 transmits past data reference history information to the server 20 (S12). The data reference history information to be transmitted here is only that which has not been transmitted to the server 20 (the value of the change flag CF in FIG. 7 described later is “1”). After the transmission, the portable information device 10 sets the change flag CF to “
Return to 0 ".

The server 20 receives the reference history information (S22), and updates the management data based on the information (S22).
23). The management data is data used for determining whether or not each data item should be included in the partial data, and a specific example thereof will be described later. The server 20 extracts the partial data based on the management data (S24). Further, the extracted partial data is transmitted to the portable information device 10 (S25).

Data transmission / reception using the Internet is performed, for example, by using http (hyper text transfer protocol).
Text and HTML (hyper text mark-up langua)
ge) It can be done in the form of a document or mail.

The portable information device 10 receives this partial data and stores it in an internal storage device (S13). At that time, data format conversion may be performed as necessary.
Thereafter, the connection with the server 20 is terminated (S14). The server 20 also terminates the connection with the portable information device 10 (S
26).

In this manner, the latest partial data is obtained in the portable information device 10. After ending the connection with the server 20, the user of the portable information device 10 can search for the target data item from the partial data.
Since the partial data is extracted based on the reference history information,
It is more likely that the data item desired by the user is included in the partial data. Of course, if it is not included in the partial data, it is possible to connect to the server 20 again and search for a target data item by a conventional method.

As an algorithm for data extraction in step S24, a subset of a smaller number of data items, that is, LRU (Least R) as one of the methods for selecting partial data from a set of a plurality of data items.
ecently Used) can be used. In this method, a more recently used data item is considered to have a higher probability of future use, and a predetermined number of data items that have been used more recently and are selected as partial data. The LRU itself is a well-known technique as a replacement algorithm for a hierarchical storage system, but the present embodiment is characterized in that it is used for partial data synchronization of a portable information device.

In general, when there are a plurality of data items, there are data items that are frequently used and data items that are frequently used. In the case where a data item whose use frequency is low is accidentally recently used, the LRU will select the data item as a data item likely to be used in the future for a while. This does not meet practical requirements. Nevertheless, even in the case of data items that are infrequently used, there may be some periodicity in the use thereof, and it is preferable that the data items are not selected or selected as partial data in accordance with the period. Therefore, the following new algorithm may be used as another data extraction algorithm in addition to the LRU. This will be described with reference to FIG.

For the sake of simplicity, consider the priority of the data items for extracting the partial data at the current time point t for the four data items D1 to D4. In this example, the data item is, for example, one of a telephone number, a FAX number, an e-mail address, and the like in personal information, or a mixture thereof. For business card data, etc.,
Individual data obtained by summarizing them may be defined as one item.

In FIG. 4, a mark "*" indicates a point in time when the data item was actually referenced in the past. The mark “□” indicates a reference time point at which the data item is predicted to be referenced next.

In the present embodiment, the last reference time “T (Di)” for each data item Di and the last reference time “T (Di)” are used as variables to be used as criteria for determining priorities for extracting partial data. The predetermined reference time interval "I (Di)" is used. In the present embodiment,
The “representative reference time interval” is an average time interval of several past references, and the “time” is date and time.

These two variables are sequentially updated and managed, and when an arbitrary data item is to be referred to, based on the values of the two variables of each data item, the current value of each data item is calculated by the following equation. Index value RefD at time t
Calculate is (Di, t). RefDis (Di, t) = abs (T (Di) + I (Di) -t) (1) Here, T (Di) + I (Di) is the time of the predicted time when the data Di is next referred to ( Date and time), and T (Di)
+ I (Di) -t is the time from the current time to the next reference prediction time. If this time is negative, it means that the data item has not yet been referenced beyond the predicted reference time. “Abs ()” is an operator that takes the absolute value of a variable or expression in parentheses. The above equation (1) is stored in the ROM 105 in a form incorporated in a program, for example.

In the example of FIG. 4, RefDis (Di,
The value of t) (shown by a number with Δ) is Δ1 <Δ4 <Δ2 <Δ
It is 3. Therefore, at this time, the data items are highly likely to be referenced in this order. In practical applications, partial data, that is, a subset of a predetermined number of data items, is extracted from a large set of data items according to this priority.

For such partial data extraction, the last reference time "T (D
i) "and the most recent predetermined number of representative reference time intervals" I
(Di) ”must be held and updated as management data. FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of management data update processing. This management data update processing is performed every time there is a“ reference ”to an arbitrary data item, or Performed regularly or at the time of a user's instruction. In the example of FIG. 5, as shown in the flow of FIG. 3, the processing is performed before referring to the data item. This processing corresponds to step S23 in FIG.

In the flow of FIG. 5, first, the date and time when a reference to a certain data item is made (current date and time in this example) is stored in a variable t (S31). Next, the number i of the referenced data item is confirmed (S32). Therefore, a variable T (Di) indicating the last reference time of the data item Di
Is input the value of the variable t (the reference date and time stored earlier) (S
33). The initial value of the variable T (Di) is 0. further,
The reference interval I (Di) of the data item Di is updated (S34). This is performed, for example, by storing the date and time of the last three reference times of each stored data item, and calculating the average time interval of reference to the data item.

When the management data updating process is performed periodically or at the time of a user's instruction, there may be a reference to a plurality of data items after the execution of the previous updating process. In this case, this process is repeated for the number of times of the reference.

Next, the process of extracting partial data performed based on the management data updated and managed in this manner will be described. This corresponds to the process of step 24 in FIG.
This processing example is shown in the flowchart of FIG.

First, the current date and time are stored in a variable t (S
41). Next, the number variable i is set to "1" (S4
2).

Then, RefDis (Di, t) in the above equation (1) is calculated (S43). This calculation is performed when the number variable i is “1”.
(I.e., steps S43, S44,
S45).

Thereafter, the data items are sorted in ascending order of the value by using the value of the index RefDis (Di, t) as a key (S4).
6). As a result of this sorting, the predetermined upper n data items are selected as target partial data (S47).

Hereinafter, a specific application example of partial data extraction according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 7 shows an example of registration of personal information managed in the portable information device 10. This example corresponds to a case where personal information is registered in the form of a card 50,
AX, e-mail, URL (Uniform Resource)
For various communication addresses such as Locator), the latest three reference dates and times are stored. Further, each communication address has a change flag CF indicating whether or not the reference history information has changed. Change flag CF
Is initially “0”, in this example, is set to “1” when the communication address is used, and is returned to “0” after the server 20 is notified of the reference history information. . By providing the change flag CF, it is not necessary to transmit all the reference history information held in the portable information device 10 to the server 20. In the example of FIG.
Although the change flag CF is provided for each communication address, it may be provided for each latest reference date and time.

In the card 50, the address, occupation, remarks, etc. of the individual may be registered. Also, the number of times of reference date and time to be stored may be more than three.

In the embodiment using the above equation (1), FIG.
When trying to “refer” to personal information such as, for example, the internal storage device of the portable information device 10 (for example, the RAM 1 in FIG. 2)
08 or the flash memory 107). At this time, the server 20 extracts the partial data based on the reference history information of the full set of data, and stores the extracted partial data in the portable information device 10.
Transfer to The data item here is a set of various communication addresses for each individual. The above formula (1) is calculated for each communication address based on the reference date and time of these plurality of communication addresses, and the obtained plurality of index values RefDis (Di,
The smallest value of t) is used as the index value of the individual.

FIG. 8 shows a PD displaying personal information of ten persons.
3 shows an example of the screen of A. In this case, the data item of the partial data is personal information, and the number of data items is 10 or more. In this screen, the predicted reference time of any one of the communication addresses is closer to the current time in the order of the numbers of the ten displayed persons. Preferably, for each individual, the communication address, that is, the communication address having the smallest index value among the plurality of communication addresses is displayed as another communication address. Thereby, the user can recognize that the partial data has been extracted based on the communication address.

Instead of using the reference history data of a plurality of types of communication addresses in a mixed manner, the type of the communication address may be specified first, and the partial data may be extracted using only the communication address. For example, when trying to make a call, by specifying a communication address "telephone number" by operating a specific button or menu by the user, the influence on the partial data extraction by the reference history of other types of communication addresses can be reduced. Can be eliminated.

It should be noted that, for information of other individuals that could not be displayed on the screen, subsequent personal information can be displayed by scrolling the image.

In this embodiment, the screen content is a hypertext markup language (HTML).
kup Language), and this document is interpreted by the browser and displayed on the screen. A so-called anchor point is set to a communication address such as a telephone number displayed on the browser screen. Therefore, when making a call with this portable information device, the user can select a telephone number on the display screen on which the anchor point is set by a predetermined operation to make a call without entering a telephone number key. Can be performed. The “predetermined operation” is to select an anchor point of a target telephone number by operating a pen or a button. When a FAX number or an e-mail address is selected, a window (not shown) for FAX or e-mail transmission is opened. If a URL is selected, the user can connect to the Internet and browse the homepage.

FIG. 9 shows a state in which telephone numbers for ten persons are displayed on the display screen of the portable telephone. In this case, the data item of the partial data is a telephone number, and the number of data items is 10 or more. If the other party is registered in the telephone directory of the telephone and the name of the other party is known, the telephone number of the other party can be found by displaying or searching for the order of registration. However, in the present embodiment, the telephone automatically selects and outputs a partner to whom the user is likely to make a call at the present time in light of the past telephone use history by simply displaying the telephone directory. Give me
In particular, if the call is made periodically, even if the frequency of use is low, the call is automatically extracted as a call partner near the arrival time of the cycle.

Also in this case, an automatic call can be made by pointing and selecting an arbitrary telephone number being displayed without key input of the numerical value of the telephone number. Further, the subsequent telephone number can be displayed by scrolling the image. In this case, the personal information to be registered can be the same as that shown in FIG. 7, but it is sufficient that at least a telephone number is used as the communication address.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0071]

According to the present invention, by transferring a partial data which is a part of a full set of data held by the non-portable information device to the portable information device, the portable information device and the non-portable information are transferred. Enter data twice with the device,
The trouble of updating is eliminated. Further, by extracting the partial data based on the reference history information, even a portable information device having only a storage device with a relatively small storage capacity can store a data item that is more likely to be used. it can.

[0072]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a schematic partial data synchronization mode of a portable information device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic hardware configuration of a portable information device to which the present invention can be applied.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a process executed at the time of data communication between the portable information device 10 and the server 20 for partial data synchronization according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a novel algorithm for extracting partial data according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a management data update process according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a partial data extraction process.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a registration example of personal information managed in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a screen example of a display of the portable information device (PDA) according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a display screen of a portable information device (telephone) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 10: portable information device, 20: server, 21: storage device, 30: PC, 101: CPU, 105: ROM, 1
07 flash memory, 108 RAM, 109 calendar IC, 110 infrared communication control unit, 122 flat display, 131 various keys, 133 communication control unit, 134 RF unit, 135 antenna, 136 microphone 137: speaker, 138: audio processing unit.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5B019 GA00 5B082 FA11 GB02 5B089 GA12 GA25 JA12 KC39 KC48 KC53 KH24 LB25 5K101 KK00 LL02 LL05 LL12 NN22 TT06

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A partial data synchronization method for transferring a part of a full set of data stored in a non-portable information device to a portable information device, comprising: Transfer the data reference history information related to the reference to the non-portable information device, where the non-portable information device
Extracting partial data from the full set of data based on data reference history information in the portable information device, and transferring the partial data from the non-portable information device to the portable information device. Partial data synchronization method. 2. In the non-portable information device, for each data item of the full set of data, reference history information including the date and time when the data item was last referenced is updated and managed, and recently referred to as the partial data. 2. The partial data synchronization method according to claim 1, wherein the partial data synchronization is preferentially extracted from the selected data items. 3. In the non-portable information device, for each data item of the full set of data, data reference history information including a past representative reference time interval and the latest reference time last referenced is updated. Managing, for each data item, predicting the next reference time based on the time interval and the latest reference time; and as the partial data, the predicted time of the plurality of data items that is close to the present time. 3. The partial data synchronization method according to claim 1, wherein the partial data is extracted preferentially. 4. For each data item, a predetermined index value RefDis (Di, t) is calculated by the following equation, and RefDis (Di, t) = abs (T (Di) + I (Di)-
t) (where "T (Di)" and "I (Di)" are the last reference time for data item Di,
Based on the index value RefDis (Di, t) calculated by the above equation (which is a representative reference time interval of the latest predetermined number of times), the next reference time of each data item is predicted. The partial data synchronization method according to claim 3. 5. A recording medium storing a computer program for implementing a partial data synchronization method for transferring a part of a full set of data stored in a non-portable information device to a portable information device. Transferring the data reference history information relating to each data item reference performed in the portable information device to the non-portable information device; and
Extracting partial data of the full set of data based on data reference history information in the portable information device, and transferring the partial data from the non-portable information device to the portable information device; Recording medium storing a computer program for executing the program. 6. A portable information device for receiving a part of a full set of data stored in a non-portable information device, wherein the portable information device is used for extracting partial data from the full set of data. Update the data reference history information related to each data item reference performed in the portable information device.
Holding means; transmitting means for transmitting the updated data reference history information to the non-portable information device; and reception for receiving partial data extracted based on the data reference history information from the non-portable information device. Means for storing the received partial data. 7. The means for updating and holding the data reference history information sets a flag for the updated data reference history information, and the transmitting means sets only the data reference history information for which the flag has been set to the non-portable type. The portable information device according to claim 6, wherein the portable information device is transmitted to the information device, and the flag is returned after transmission.