ITVE20090035A1 - ELECTRIC, MULTIPOLAR ENERGY GENERATOR WITH AXIAL FLOW, WITH TWO GROUPS INDUCTED FOR ANY INDUCTOR, MODULAR AND / OR STACKABLE ROTOR - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION DEXa THE INVENTION entitled: "Generator of electrical energy, multipolar with axial flow, with two induced groups for each inductor rotor, modular and / or stackable",

Summary and identification: multipolar electric generator, axial flow, modular and combinable, with parts common to several groups of coils, minimizes the use of components, size and weight, offers little marked sectoral shots; with non-uniform and slow rotation [1Hz] it produces electrical energy with appreciable power curves.

State of the art: there are several types of generators (alternators for alternating current and dynamos, the latter are alternators equipped with exchange contacts for which they produce direct current) which differ mainly in the direction of the magnetic flux (axial or radial) and in the type of device that generates it (electromagnets or permanent magnets); they consist of a fixed element (stator) and a rotating mobile element (rotor); one of the elements (it can be the rotor or the stator) induces the magnetic flux (called inductor) to the other element (called induced) which transforms it into electrical energy.

The specific interest concerns the inductor rotor and the induced stator; the magnetic flux, generated by many permanent magnets (multipolar), is axial therefore it propagates with a direction parallel to the axis; although the industry preferably produces stackable radial alternators, also the axial configuration with the stator provided with coils and with the rotor provided with permanent magnets, is preferably used for the self-construction of wind generators and mills.

In axial systems, rotor and stator are disc-shaped plates (with magnets or coils) which touch each other; each generator requires at least two plates, preferably three, of which two are fixed supports and one is rotating; the construction is simple in case (A) in which there are the magnetic rotor plate and the insulating stator: the habit of using very flattened coils without a ferromagnetic core requires very powerful magnets since the flux tends to disperse in the surrounding environment and the electric load curves are not very stable, in this case even light supports can be used because there is no attraction between rotor and stator. The realization is much more complex in case (B) where both the rotor and the stator are ferromagnetic: the magnets can be less powerful while making stable power curves and without producing magnetic pollution, on the other hand, important forces of attraction are determined. (even hundreds of kilos) which require very sturdy stators and supports and furthermore a sectoral jerky rotation is determined by the number of poles which requires further artifices.

Technical problem: the goal is to create a robust and powerful generator that limits the use of parts, dimensions and weight and that the stable positions of the sectoral shots do not involve too much effort to start the rotation; the device must also offer modularity and be coupled; the construction must be simple, compact and optimized, it must produce electricity efficiently with stable power curves even at low rotor speeds (F = 1Hz).

Description of the invention: the invention is essentially composed of a STATOR: two flat supports, possibly shaped, having a much lower thickness than the internal and / or external surfaces, called "stator plates" [S] and [Sf], each equipped with electromagnetic coils [B] and made integral with each other with adjustable spacers [D]; the stator plate [Sf} can contain the coils [B] on both internal and external surfaces; ROTOR: a discoidal plane with a thickness much lower than the surfaces, called: "rotor plate" [R], equipped with permanent magnetic poles [M.] placed on both surfaces (faces) and in equal quantities for each face; a rotation axis [AJ on which the rotor plate [R] is adjusted to size and registered immovably with locking systems [G2]; the ROTOR rotates on the STATOR by means of ball bearings [C] and / or bushings made integral with the stators [S} and [Sf] by means of pressure couplings and / or mechanical devices and / or locking pins [P].

The invention forms the essence of the basic module; the news:

compared to the traditional system, with the same plates, it doubles the power of the generator without duplicating its volume;

• with two magnetic surfaces of the rotor, the simultaneous coupling between the rotor magnets and the stator cores can be halved (principle that usually establishes sectoral jerky rotation) by reducing the inertia of the stop condition;

• simplifies stacking, because the additional modules that double the power are made with only two plates, a rotor [R] and a stator [Sf]: a group of electromagnetic coils must be placed on the free surface of the stator bottom [Sf ] of the base module and the other group goes to the stator plate (Sf) of the additional module.

Costxuzi-one: more suitable is the use of ferromagnetic material for all the plates, so in fact a minimum dispersed flux is obtained (also for the purposes of environmental magnetic compatibility) and good electrical stability; the use of a threaded axis [A] allows to regulate in safety (the magnetic force is several hundred kilos) the position of the rotor [R] and therefore the coupling with the stators [SJ and [Sf]; the spacers [D] of the stator plates are also threaded to allow adjustments.

To rotate the shaft on the stators, ball bearings [C] and / or bushings and locking pins are useful.

The use of efficient [M] neodymium magnets significantly reduces the volume of the magnetic mass; in this case the high efficiency of the magnets can lead to the adoption of deferred coupling devices, for example by coupling 12 coils [B] with 14 magnets {M}; the combination 12 [B] 14 [Mi, in synergy with the double magnetic surface of the rotor, tends to cancel the jerky effect; the number of magnets must in any case be in equal quantities because on each surface of the rotor plate a North magnetic side alternates with a South one.

The generator also produces the Joule effect due to the magnetic flux and electric current; the use of fans integral with the axis favors heat dissipation.

The coils can lead the terminals towards the external diameter on a stackable comb terminal block and possibly equipped with rectifier diodes.

A band protection casing can guarantee the necessary seal against atmospheric and environmental agents.

The conformation of the system produces multipolar generators suitable for very slow rotation that requires a minimum starting point, a necessary condition for windmills or slow watercourses, which cause slow rotations characterized by little force and low number of revolutions per minute.

The invention therefore becomes very useful for the production and also for the self-consumption of energy in boats, mountain shelters, isolated electrical systems and state-of-the-art domestic applications.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS - the invention "Generator of electrical energy, multipolar with axial flow, with two induction groups for each inductor rotor, modular and / or stackable", includes the following essential characteristics: 1. two flat supports, possibly shaped, having a much lower thickness than the internal and / or external surfaces, called "stator plates" [S] and [Sf], each equipped with electromagnetic pots [B] and made integral with each other with spacers [ D] also adjustable; 2. the stator plate [Sf] can contain the bottles [B] on both internal and external surfaces; 3. a discoidal plane with a thickness much lower than the surfaces, called: "rotor plate" [R], equipped on both surfaces (faces), with permanent magnetic poles [M] in equal quantities for each face; 4. a rotation axis [A] on which the rotor plate [R] is adjusted to measure and registered immovably with locking systems [G2]; 5. ball bearings [C] and / or bushings made integral with the stators by means of pressure couplings and / or mechanical devices and / or locking pins [P],