ITUD960160A1 - CONNECTION SYSTEM FOR THE COLLECTION OF FLUIDS - Google Patents

Description

Description of the invention having as title:

"CONNECTION SYSTEM FOR THE COLLECTION OF FLUIDS"

FIELD OF APPLICATION

The present invention relates to a system for connecting the severed terminal of the umbilical cord or of a vessel or more vessels or of a hollow tube with variable section with soft and elastic walls of loose consistency and easily collapsible, with a container for the collection of blood or other fluid from the placenta or from another organ or from an organ or from another container, as set forth in the main claim.

The system according to the invention is mainly used in the biological, medical and veterinary fields, both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and for research purposes, for the collection of blood or other fluid, from the placenta or from an organ or part of an organ or from another container, from In particular, the system according to the invention is used, during childbirth, after the birth of the child, for the collection of placental blood, ie the blood present in the placenta, which is drained from the umbilical cord. By means of the connection system according to the invention, it is possible to connect the cut end of the umbilical cord with a collection container in such a way that the blood collection takes place in a sterile environment and that maneuvers are facilitated, such as for example the squeezing of the cord. umbilical, designed to increase the amount of blood recovered.

Furthermore, the use of the invention does not require any particular skill or expertise on the part of the operator and moreover it does not expose the operator or the puerpera and the newborn to the risk of accidental punctures.

! STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

In the biological, medical and veterinary field, both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and for research purposes, it is necessary to collect fluids, in particular blood, from organs or tissues or from containers in general. Two non-limiting examples are: 1. the collection of blood from masses of tumor tissue, the blood contained in the tumor tissue being potentially useful for therapeutic purposes after appropriate manipulation; 2. the collection of blood from the placenta, during childbirth, immediately after cutting the umbilical cord. In this second case, the blood is useful as it contains stem cells which are hematopoietic progenitor cells that is capable of reconstituting the hematopoietic system and which can therefore be used, if the. need, for transplantation in the donor himself or in another similar subject.

The procedures currently followed for the collection of placental blood from umbilical cord are described below as a typical representation of the recovery of fluids from an organ; It is important to note that the reference to this practice is not limiting but illustrative of situations in which it is necessary to collect blood or other fluid from tissues, organs or other containers in general.

Placental cord blood is collected as it contains hematopoietic stem cells that can be used for transplants. In order for the collected blood and therefore the recovered cells to be effectively usable with success, the following conditions must be respected: 1. the greatest possible quantity of blood must be recovered, ie the highest possible number of cells; 2. the blood collected, of fetal origin, must not be contaminated by foreign cell populations such as maternal cells; 3. during collection, contact of the blood with the outside must be minimized (air or other potentially contaminated objects) or the collection procedure must take place in sterile conditions, possibly in a closed environment; 4. the possibility of human error must be minimized.

Stages of the harvest

to. Before the afterbirth (= expulsion) of the placenta.

Currently, the extraction of blood from the placenta, in the medical field, both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and for research purposes, is carried out as follows: during childbirth, immediately after the newborn comes out, the umbilical cord is closed (clamped ) in two points and severed in an intermediate point between the two closing points. After the cut, the severed end of the umbilical cord connected to the placenta comes out freely from the mother's vagina and is available for harvesting operations. Typically, blood collection takes place in the period from the cutting of the umbilical cord to the afterbirth, that is, to the expulsion of the placenta. In this period, the blood flow is guaranteed by the pressure generated by the contractions of the uterus which, by compressing the placenta, favor the outflow of blood through the umbilical cord.

b. After the afterbirth of the placenta.

Only a few authors report sampling procedures that involve the collection of cord blood after placental ablation, placing the placenta on a frame and collecting the blood by fall. The scarce use of the collection after the afterbirth is certainly due to the low yield of the collection by fall and the difficulty of manipulating the placenta, especially when the sterility of the collected blood must be guaranteed.

Collection systems

Currently, the collection of placental blood from the umbilical cord, in the medical field, both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and for research purposes, is carried out using methods that can be traced back to two categories: "open circuit" systems and "closed circuit" systems. Both systems are used for harvesting both before and after placental delivery.

to. "open circuit" systems

The "open circuit" systems involve the collection of placental blood from the severed umbilical cord in containers containing anticoagulant. This collection is carried out by making the blood flow directly into the collection container without connecting the end of the cord, which is freely positioned at the mouth of the container.

Benefits

The main advantage of this system is represented by the absence of resistance to the flow as there are no bottlenecks or sudden decreases in the section of the cord and its vessels.

A second advantage is represented by the simultaneous patency of the three vessels present in the umbilical cord.

Additional system advantage

possibility of squeezing the umbilical cord during harvesting.

Various scientific studies have shown that "open circuit" systems do not guarantee sterility and are in fact associated with a particularly high incidence of microbial contamination. The severed terminal of the umbilical cord in fact has a loose consistency and, being simply placed on the mouth of the collection container, it can easily come out of the container with consequent contamination of the terminal itself as well as the loss of blood that contaminates the external environment.

Moreover, the system, by its nature ("open" system), is a system that collects both the blood that comes out of the vessels of the cord and potentially contaminated liquids that flow along the external surface of the umbilical cord; in particular, the maternal blood present in abundance on the external surface of the placenta flows along the cord and mixes with the blood of the umbilical cord.

This collection system also exposes the blood to the air of the external environment thus facilitating contamination from microorganisms present in the external environment.

A further disadvantage is represented by the constant need for a dedicated operator to keep the umbilical cord in the correct position, in particular if repeated squeezing and cleaning operations are carried out.

b. "Closed loop" systems

The collection is carried out by venipuncture of the severed and clamped end of the umbilical cord, after careful disinfection of the needle entry point. The blood is collected in one or more syringes or in donation bags.

Benefits

Compared to "open circuit" systems, "closed circuit" systems reduce the risk of microbial contamination of the collected blood and do not require continuous cleaning and disinfection of the cord.

A further advantage is the reduction of contamination of the sample by maternal blood or other liquids flowing along the external surface of the cord.

Disadvantages

The closed-circuit systems provide for the manipulation of needles and therefore expose the operators to the risk of accidental needle sticks.

Furthermore, the needle inserted in the umbilical vein is not firmly fixed to the same and can easily come out, also given the "busy" nature of the birth; this problem is particularly felt if the collection is continued even after the afterbirth of the placenta. The continuous presence of an operator is therefore necessary to ensure the correct positioning of the needle in the various stages of collection.

If the needle comes out of its seat, blood contamination and accidental punctures by the operator are possible and furthermore, to continue the collection, it is necessary to repeat the venipuncture.

Given the limited section of two of the three vessels of the umbilical cord (the arteries), the harvesting operation is practicable only on one vessel (the vein) with consequent reduction of the collection potential.

The blood flow is also hindered by the abrupt decrease in the section (the needle for a large glove will never have the section of the umbilical vein).

The needle is inserted into an intermediate segment of the umbilical cord upstream of the closure zone; a stasis of the blood downstream of the insertion point is therefore inevitable and consequent tendency to clot formation; moreover, the blood remaining downstream of the insertion point is not recovered.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS

Fig. 1A: anchoring system of the severed terminal of the umbilical cord or of one or more vessels or of a hollow tube.

Fig. 2A: central body for housing and blocking the severed terminal of the umbilical cord or of one or more vessels or of a hollow tube. Fig. 3A: umbilical cord cutting system or one or more vessels or a hollow tube that can be connected to the central body.

Fig. 4A: disinfection and cleaning system of the umbilical cord or of one or more vessels or of a hollow tube that can be connected to the central body.

Fig. 5A: operation of the invention.

Fig. 6A: schematic representation of an example of a system for applying pressure to the placenta and possibly to the umbilical cord which provides for the use of the connection system object of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FOUND

The present invention is expressed and characterized in the main claim. The secondary claims expose variants to the main solution idea.

The purpose of the present invention is to connect the terminal segment of the umbilical cord or of a vessel or more vessels or of a hollow tube with variable section, with soft and elastic walls, of loose consistency and easily in a sterile, practical and fast way. collapsible, with a collection container through a closed system, possibly containing anticoagulant or other liquid or connected to another container and / or dispenser of anticoagulant or other liquid, such that the blood or other fluid drained from the umbilical cord or from the vessel or from the tube passes into the collection container in sterile conditions, without coming into contact with the outside. The connection system according to the invention provides that the cut end segment of the umbilical cord or of the vessel or of the tube.

central body of the system, possibly by means of a guide element, positioned according to need, blocked by suitable blocking means without crushing, compressing or reducing the section or in any case compromising the flow rate of the vessel itself, is isolated from the external environment with suitable held adherent to the cord itself and finally connected to a collection container thus making it possible to collect, in sterile conditions, the blood or other fluid drained from the umbilical cord or from the vessel or from the tube.

The system described below and illustrated in the figures, not limiting and exemplary of one of the possible forms of the invention, refers to the application to the collection of placental blood from the umbilical cord but can obviously be used for the collection of blood or other fluids. drained from a pot or more pots or from a hollow tube of variable section with soft and elastic walls, of loose consistency and easily collapsible.

The system object of the invention can be broken down into six elements:

a - Anchoring system of the severed end of the umbilical cord.

Its purpose is to anchor the severed end of the umbilical cord or other vessel or tube and transport it through the central body of the connection system according to the invention, for subsequent positioning and locking.

In the exemplary and non-limiting system illustrated in Fig. 1A, the anchoring system consists of four arched elements (1), possibly pointed, fixed to one 'end' of an element (3), passing through the central body, which it has, at the opposite end, a gripping terminal (4). A sheath (2), sliding along the longitudinal axis of the system, modifies the position of the arched elements from a rest position, which allows the housing of the terminal of the cord between the arched elements themselves, to a "closed" position which allows to firmly fix and anchor the end of the umbilical cord or other vessel or tube. In the rest position (Fig. 5A), the anchoring system passes through the central body of the connection system, with the anchoring elements protruding from the entry end of the cord into the central body and the handleable terminal protruding from the opposite end (31). After anchoring, the umbilical cord is transported through the central body of the connection system according to the invention, for subsequent positioning and locking, b - Central body for housing and locking the severed terminal of the umbilical cord.

It has the function of blocking the terminal segment of the umbilical cord or other vessel or tube, once positioned using the anchoring system described above. The central body may possibly have an access route to the internal space for the connection with another container and / or dispenser of anticoagulant or other liquid or an access route for the withdrawal of an aliquot of the blood or fluid during collection.

In the non-limiting example illustrated in Fig. 2A, the central body is composed of a hollow cylinder (5), of suitably sized length and diameters, to allow the passage of the umbilical cord or another vessel or tube.

From the internal walls originate oriented means (6) ch €! they allow the cord or vessel or tube to slide freely in one direction but block it if it is pulled in the opposite direction. In the hypothesis illustrated in fig. 2A said means are represented by pointed metal structures which protrude from the internal walls of the cylinder towards the center of the cylinder and oriented towards the exit at a suitable angle. The oriented means can be represented by solid or hollow needles or a hollow truncated cone with serrated edge or other. A further variant is represented by the internal tapered and serrated cone profile. The locking means may optionally be arranged perpendicular to the bead, so as to allow positioning of the bead and therefore be suitably activated to lock the bead in both directions. The flow will be guaranteed by the appropriate sizing of the blocking means.

c - Watertight connection system between the central body and a collection container.

Said system is constituted by a conical or screw or ring nut or other coupling system between the. central body and a collection container represented by a bag, syringe, flask, test tube or other.

In the non-limiting example illustrated in Fig. 2A, the connection system is an element (7) with conical coupling with the central body which can be connected to a collection bag. Other systems can be adapted for the connection of other containers.

d - Sealing system between the umbilical cord and the external surface of the central body.

The function of this system is to isolate the severed terminal segment of the umbilical cord stuck inside the central body from the external environment. Said insulation is obtained by means of sealing elements adhering to the cord, possibly near the point of entry of the cord into the central body, which thus guarantee sterility inside the central body. This system also allows to contain any anticoagulant or other substances introduced into the central body. The aforementioned system does not cause significant decreases in the section or capacity of the umbilical cord or resistance to flow of any other type. This watertight seal system (8) is constituted, in the hypothesis illustrated but not limiting, by a cylindrical or conical sheath in elastic material (rubber, silicone, polymers or other material suitable for the purpose), sized and shaped in such a way that the walls of one 'end' adhere to a predetermined section of the umbilical cord without compressing it but also 'ensuring watertight integrity while the' other end 'adheres to the external surface of the central body or is connected or coupled to it by gluing, ring nut, conical coupling or other. The suitably sized and studied sealing means will also be able to guarantee pressure tightness.

and Umbilical cord cutting system The connection system according to the invention can optionally comprise a system for cutting the umbilical cord or the vessel or the tube. Said system, in the hypothesis shown in fig. 3A, exemplifying and not limiting, consists of a metal element (9) with a cutting edge, with a central slot of size and shape suitable for the passage of blood (possibly corresponding to the internal caliber of the central body) and a end ', opposite to the cutting one, with a blunt surface suitable for being pushed by the operator (10). Said metal element is located in the central body in special guides (11) which allow it to slide (guillotine). The metal element, after cutting the end of the umbilical cord or the vessel or tube, will ensure the flow of blood through the system through the slit present in the body of the metal element itself. The tacrlio system can possibly only be temporarily connected to the central body and can be disconnected after cutting (12): in this case it is a metal element like the one described in the previous hypothesis, but the presence of the slot necessary for the passage of blood after cutting.

f - Umbilical cord disinfection and cleaning system.

The disinfection and cleaning system, which can possibly be connected to the central body, is an element suitable for properly cleaning and disinfecting the cord or the vessel or the tube in a practical, fast, effective way and without risks for the operator. The system, illustrated in Fig. 4A, illustrative and not limiting, is composed of a cylinder containing an element of elastic material, possibly spongy with a cylindrical shape (13) having a central hole (14) or two half cylinders, coupled together to obtain a cylinder, containing two hemi-cylinders with a central longitudinal groove. Said central element, made of elastic material, possibly spongy, and of suitable dimensions to allow the housing and sliding of the umbilical cord or vessel or tube, is soaked in disinfectant substance which comes into contact with the external surface of the cord or vessel or tube as it passes through the cylinder. At one 'end', two elements in suitably sized elastic material (15) ensure clamping upstream of the disinfection area.

Operation of the invention (Fig.5A):

The description of the system given below, exemplifying and not limiting the invention, refers to the application to the removal of placental blood from the umbilical cord during childbirth. The invention can obviously be used for collecting blood or other liquids drained from other vessels or tubes.

During birth, immediately after the newborn baby comes out, the umbilical cord is closed in two points and subsequently cut in an intermediate point between the two closing points. The end of the cord connected to the placenta remains available for connection with the connecting system.

First, it is necessary to thoroughly clean and disinfect the terminal segment of the umbilical cord that will be used for the collection procedures. This procedure can be carried out with a pad soaked in a suitable disinfectant or using the disinfection and cleaning system part of the invention: the cord is housed in the cleaning and disinfection element and, by sliding the element along the umbilical cord, it is disinfected and cleans the appropriate segment quickly and uniformly with a suitable disinfectant.

The previously sterilized connection system is in the configuration illustrated (31): the anchoring system of the umbilical cord passes through the central body. The operator will have to connect the anchoring system to the maternal terminal of the umbilical cord, sliding the sheath along the passing element. Once the terminal of the cord is anchored, the operator, by pulling the gripping end, drags the umbilical cord through the central body (32). When the umbilical cord is in the position considered to be optimal, it is cut with the cutting system included in the invention or with a pair of scissors (32). When the umbilical cord is severed, the operator pulls the umbilical cord in the opposite direction to that of entry; in so doing, the umbilical cord is fixed internally to the central body by needles or other suitable locking means or elements. When the umbilical cord is blocked, the operator can connect the central body to the collection container (33), possibly after having removed the cutting system.

A variant of the cord connection system provides for the application of the system immediately after the newborn baby comes out, before the umbilical cord is cut. The system, in this case, to be applied to the umbilical cord still connected to the newborn, will be made in such a way that it can be applied around the cord without the need for a severed and free end.

In the particular case of the collection of blood from the severed terminal of the umbilical cord, the system object of the invention combines the advantages of the systems currently used for this purpose, eliminating the defects: being a closed system such that the segment of the umbilical cord, once disinfected and connected, it is isolated from the outside, a sterile collection is guaranteed and suitable for use for a transplant in a glove. maternal origin that flows, usually abundant, along the external surface of the cord; it does not determine resistance to blood flow and allows collection from all three vessels present in the umbilical cord; since, once connected, the umbilical cord is firmly positioned in the central body of the system, particular attention is not required in the movements and any squeezing action is facilitated; the use of needles or other exposed sharp objects is not foreseen and therefore does not expose the operators to the risk of accidental punctures; the constant presence of an operator is not required; the system can be used by healthcare professionals, even non-doctors, as it does not require particular experience or specific training.

As schematically represented in Fig. 6A, the connection system according to the invention can be an integral part of a procedure which provides for the connection of the umbilical cord or of the vessel or of the tube to the collection container by means of the invention and the subsequent application of pressure. to the placenta using appropriate equipment. The placenta is placed on a support membrane (20) with the maternal surface facing upwards and the fetal surface facing downwards. The umbilical cord, which originates from the fetal surface of the placenta, in its initial segment is housed in a hollow cylindrical element of suitable size (22) while the terminal segment, of suitable length, will be connected, by means of the invention, to a container of collection. The maternal surface of the placenta is separated from a sealed chamber (16) by means of a membrane of elastic material: the pressure exerted by the membrane in the resting position or the pressure generated by a pneumatic, electrical or other system inside the sealed chamber it is transmitted to the upper surface of the placenta via the elastic membrane (17). On the fetal surface of the placenta, an appropriate mechanical pressure is possibly applied, generated by the rotation movement of a spiral conical element (26).

Claims (1)

CLAIMS Connection system of the terminal of the or of a hollow tube with variable section with soft and elastic walls, of loose consistency and easily collapsible, to a blood or fluid collection system characterized by the fact that the cord or vessel, or tube, possibly after disinfection, is inserted into the system , possibly by means of a guide element, blocked in the central body of the system by suitable blocking means without crushing, compressing or reducing the section or in any case compromising the flow rate of the vessel itself, isolated from the external environment with suitable sealing elements and finally connected to a collection container thus making it possible to collect the blood or fluid drained from the cord or vessel or tube by means of a closed system, in a confined space, which guarantees sterility. 2 - System as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the central body is made up of a hollow element, possibly cylindrical, with a section suitable for the passage of the cord or the vessel or more vessels or the tube with one end for the entrance of the umbilical cord or of the vessel or more vessels or of the tube and the opposite end of exit; said central body allows the insertion of the umbilical cord or the vessel or more vessels or the tube through the entry end and possibly the exit from the opposite end. 3 - System as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the system includes an element, passing through the system itself, which allows the anchoring and dragging of the cord or the vessel or the pipe through the system itself. 4 - System as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that it comprises an element passing through the system itself, with one end protruding from the entrance of the system, suitable for hooking the cord or the vessel or more vessels or the tube and 1 opposite end, which comes out of the system outlet, which can be gripped by the operator or an element passing through the connection system that allows you to hook the cord or the vase or more vases or the tube, pull or guide the cord or the vase or more vessels or the tube through the system, position it in an appropriate manner and which can be easily detached from the cord or vessel or several vessels or tube at the appropriate time. 5 - System as in claim 2, characterized by the fact that the hollow element is obtained by coupling two parts to allow the opening of the connection system or the positioning of said system around the umbilical cord or the vessel or several vessels or to the tube even before cutting the cord or when a free end of the umbilical cord or of the vessel or of the tube is not available. 6 - System as claimed in Claim 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the hollow body has on the internal wall or inside it elements or means for locking the umbilical cord or the vessel or more vessels or the tube in at least one direction without crush, compress or reduce the section or in any case compromise the capacity of the umbilical cord or of the vessel or of the tube itself. 7 - System as in claim 4, characterized by the fact that the hollow body has protruding elements or blocking means on the internal wall or inside it, arranged in a direction such as to allow the passage and positioning of the cord or the vessel or the pipe and subsequently to block it in at least one direction without crushing, compressing or reducing the section or in any case compromising the flow rate of the cord or of the vessel or of the pipe itself. 8 - System as per Claim 4, 5, characterized by the fact that the locking elements or means can be represented by pointed or sharp, rigid means protruding from the internal wall, oriented towards the outlet of the body and inclined towards the central axis of the body so as to allow the passage of the cord or the vessel or the tube in the direction from the inlet to the outlet and to block it by penetrating its walls when the cord or the vessel or the tube is made to slide in the opposite direction. 9 - System as per Claim 4, 5, 6, characterized in that the blocking elements or means can be represented by pointed or sharp elements, protruding from the internal wall, oriented towards the central axis of the hollow body suitably elastic such as to allow the passage of the cord or the vessel or the tube but to be blocked once stuck in the same. 10 - System as per Claim 4, 5, 6, 7, characterized in that the locking elements or means can be represented by fixed elements integrated into the central body of the system and shaped in such a way as to allow the unidirectional movement of the bead or of the vase or tube. 11 - System as per Claim 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, characterized in that the locking elements or means are represented by pointed or sharp elements which in the rest position do not prevent the passage of the bead or vessel or tube and which, after activation, block it, in at least one direction, inside the hollow body 12 - System as per claim 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, characterized by the fact that the locking elements or means can be activated from the outside by the operator or suitably shaped to be activated by the passage of the cord or the vessel itself. i.e. the tube. 13 - System as in claim 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, characterized in that the locking elements or means can be positioned along the central body of the system in such a way as to lock the cord or vessel or tube in one position appropriate, possibly predetermined and defined. 14 System as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the collection system comprises suitable elements or means of separation which define a closed space for the passage of blood: the blood that flows from the end of the cord or of the vessel or of the tube passes in the internal space of the connection system which is delimited and defined by the internal surfaces of the central body, by the surfaces of the means or blocking elements, by the external surface of the bead segment or vessel or tube contained within the system, after appropriate disinfection , and blocked inside the connection system by the means protruding from the internal walls, the internal surfaces of the connection system of the central body with the collection container, any internal surfaces of other useful elements such as the conduit that carries the anticoagulant, valves overpressure, etc. 15 - System as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the central body of the connection system has at the entry end of the separation means suitable for isolating the internal part of the system from the external environment at the time of positioning the cord or the vessel or of the tube in the system and in the subsequent phases, thus guaranteeing the sterility of the collection operation. 16 - System as claimed in Claim 12, 13, characterized in that said separation means ensure watertight integrity. 17 - System as claimed in Claim 12, 13, 14, characterized in that said separation means ensure pressure tightness. 18 - System as in claim 11, characterized in that said sealing means can be represented by one or more elastic membranes, possibly flat, tubular or conical, which have a sealing area with the central body of the system and an area of held with the cord or vessel or tube. The sealing area with the cord or vessel or tube will be of suitable caliber, in a material with sufficient elasticity not to significantly compress the cord or vessel or tube, while ensuring perfect adherence and therefore watertight integrity. 19 - System as in the claim, characterized in that said sealing means can be represented by suitably shaped, suitably elastic element or elements in expanded material, which have a sealing area or contact with the central body of the connection system and a sealing area with the cord or vessel or tube. The sealing area with the cord or vessel or tube will be of a suitable caliber made of elastic material sufficient not to significantly compress the cord or vessel or tube, while ensuring perfect adherence and therefore watertight integrity. 20 - System as claimed in Claim 16,17, characterized in that said sealing means contain or are impregnated with a disinfectant substance which is released on the outer surface of the segment of the cord or vessel or tube during its passage through the sealing means. 21 - System as in Claim 1, characterized in that the outlet end * of the body of the system can be connected to collection containers of different nature and shape. 22 - System as in claim 1, characterized in that the collection system can possibly be pressurized or negative pressure can be applied to the connection system or to the collection container to facilitate the flow of the fluid. Said pressurization system includes elements for production, application, regulation, and pressure control such that, in any case, guarantee the sterility of the system. 23 - System as in claim 1, characterized in that a valve or other system placed at the outlet end of the central body allows a temporary block of the flow for any separate collections or particular collection procedures. 24 - System as in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a system for cutting the vessel, possibly connectable to the connection system itself. 25 - System as in claim 1, characterized in that at the entry end of the body of the system there is an element for optimal disinfection of the cord, possibly connectable to the connection system itself. 26 - System as per the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection system can be connected to a container and / or dispenser of anticoagulant or fluids or substances useful for improving the overall yield of the collection system. 27 System as per the preceding claims, characterized in that the central body has an access route for the withdrawal of aliquots of blood or fluid during collection. 28 - System as per the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the connection system can be applied during birth, immediately after the newborn's exit and in any case also before the afterbirth of the placenta, to start the collection of blood or fluids as soon as possible or immediately after the baby leaves. 29 - System as per the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection system remains in a joined position or connected to the cord before, during and after the placenta and therefore does not require further manipulations during blood collection. System of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the connection system is of suitable size and shape in order to be used with an apparatus capable of applying pressure to the placenta without having to be repositioned on the vessel or in any case without the need for manipulations that may compromise the sterility, yield or practicality and safety of collection. 31 - System as per the preceding claims, characterized in that all the elements are made of biocompatible and sterilizable materials. 32 - System as per the preceding claims, characterized in that it is an integral part of a standardized procedure for the collection of blood or fluids from the placenta or organs or tissues which comprises an apparatus for applying positive pressure to the placenta of suitable nature and intensity ' such as to determine the leakage of the blood or the fluid contained in the placenta or organ or tissue. 33 - System as per the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it is an integral part of a procedure which provides in sequence for the connection of the umbilical cord or of the vessel or of the tube to the collection container by means of the connection system object of the invention and subsequent application of pressure to the placenta by means of special equipment ensuring a high yield of the collection through a procedure of practical and safe use by the operator. 34 - System characterized by the fact that it adopts the contents referred to in the description. 35 - System characterized by the fact that it adopts the contents referred to in the figures.