ITUB20159191A1 - Device for junction of bar conductors. - Google Patents

Description

TITLE: "DEVICE FOR THE JOINT OF BAR CONDUCTORS".

DESCRIPTION

Field of application

The present description relates to a device for joining bar conductors in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.

Description of the prior art

In the state of the art, the production of bane conductors for the distribution of electrical energy and the production of devices for joining different segments of bar conductors are known. An example of such devices is described in EP 2507881.

In the distribution of electrical energy, ducts with conductors in bane are commonly used in industrial buildings or in the tertiary sector where there is the need to carry significant load currents, for example from a few hundred to a few thousand Amperes. In the presence of such edges it is necessary to make conductors with large cross-sectional surfaces in order to reduce the resistance of the conductor itself. The advantages obtained by reducing the resistance of the conductors are the reduction of the voltage drop and the losses due to the Joule effect.

In particular, the losses due to the Joule effect cause unwanted heating of the conductors, leading to a risk of fire or damage to the conductors themselves or to the structures in contact with them. The heating of the conductors also causes a further increase in resistance, aggravating the dangers described.

The shape of the bars allows you to make the most of all the conductive material used unlike cylindrical cables where, in the case of alternating current, the current affects only the external surface of the cable due to the skin effect. Furthermore, the shape of the bars can be efficient in dispersing the heat produced by the Joule effect.

In order to be able to create ducts that are adaptable to different types of buildings and easily transportable, the producers of these ducts make segments of conductors of predefined lengths. Once installed, these segments are placed in electrical contact with each other by means of special junction devices.

Junction devices such as those described in the cited document interface with my plurality of lead conductors belonging to a first and a second conduit. In known junction devices there are a plurality of smooth conductive plates, each of which is configured to come into surface contact with my first and my second beams, so as to make an electrical contact between them. In non-wire junction devices, in order to avoid short circuits, there are insulating plates that separate conductors that perform different functions, such as conductors of different phases, neutral conductors and protective conductors.

The junction devices have sensing means to keep all the elements close together with an adequate contact pressure and to provide the structural rigidity necessary to keep the conductors in place even when they are subjected to high forces, such as in the event of a short circuit.

When baile systems and joining devices such as those described are subjected to electrical load, the highest temperature is detected in the vicinity of the joining devices, due to the resistance due to the surface contact between the conductive plates of the joining devices and the conductors of the baile ducts. Although the contact surface present in these elements may seem high, the electrical contact actually affects only my small part of it. Electrical contact is less efficient when the conductive bars and plates are not perfectly parallel.

This problem can occur frequently since usually the bar conductors installed in ducts in their central portion are very close to each other, while in the terminal portions they must be spaced so as to be able to enter the junction device. Therefore the bars have folds in proximity to their end portions, and the folding process easily leads to having the ends of the bars parallel only in an imprecise way.

Furthermore, the current tends to pass only in the vicinity of the clamping means, where the contact pressure is higher. Far from the clamping means, however, the conductive plates and the bars may diverge slightly and therefore not be in adequate contact.

Further manufacturing defects can lead to imperfections in the bars which in this case are not completely smooth.

All these possibilities lead to the presence in the junction devices of areas not crossed by current and points crossed by a high current density. At these points there are significant power losses, which cause the joining devices themselves to heat up. To prevent the device from being damaged, it is necessary to make the device of considerable size in order to improve heat dispersion and to increase the contact surface. This greater sizing affects not only the junction device, but all the bars, which also heat up by thermal conduction. All this results in a greater use of material and therefore in a higher cost of the system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the aspect of the invention in question, a junction device is provided for bar conductors in which the currents have the possibility of crossing large surfaces, thus reducing the contact resistances and the losses due to the Joule effect which are the cause of high temperatures in the conductors. . In accordance with the invention in question, the conductive plates have reliefs, for example bosses, which protrude from the surface of the rod.

Advantages of the invention

In the presence of reliefs according to the invention, there is a decrease in the temperature of the junction device and of all the bars.

The reliefs according to the invention allow to better distribute the contact pressure generated by the clamping means on the conductive plates, ensuring that the conductor bar is effectively in contact with several reliefs and therefore with a large surface. The reliefs have mechanical characteristics that allow a slight deformation when subjected to conducting plate vial clamping carriages, so that each relief is widely in contact with a conducting bar, even if the conducting bar is not perfectly parallel to the conducting plate.

Consequently, the real contact surface is greater than in known joining devices. The losses due to the Joirle effect decrease and the temperature in the device and in the bars is reduced and consequently the risk of fire. Thanks to the present invention it is also possible to use a smaller quantity of conductive material with respect to known devices in which the same temperatures are reached.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The characteristics and advantages of the present disclosure will become evident from the following detailed description of a possible practical embodiment, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the set of drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a device for joining base ducts in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is a partially exploded view of the device of Figure 1; - figure 3 is a front view and partially in section of the device of figure

Figures 4 and 5 show two embodiment variants of a detail of the device of Figure 1; And

Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the device of Figure 1 in an operating condition.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

With reference to Figures 1 and 6, 10 indicates a device for joining bar ducts in accordance with the present invention. The junction device 10 is adapted to connect, by putting into electrical contact, conductors of a first busbar conduit 20 with conductors of a second busbar conductor 30. Each conductor 20, 30 comprises a terminal portion.

Each busbar conduit comprises a plurality of conductors 20, 30 relating to different electrical functions. The number of conductors 20, 30 of the busbar ducts may vary depending on the electricity distribution system used.

According to a two-phase electricity distribution system with neutral and single busbar ducts, the first busbar duct comprises three phase conductors and a neutral conductor, and the second busbar duct comprises three phase conductors and a neutral conductor .

According to my two-phase electrical power distribution system with neutral and double busbars, the first busbar duct comprises three pairs of phase conductors and my pair of neutral conductors, and the second busbar duct comprises three pairs of conductors phase and a pair of neutral conductors.

The joining device 10 comprises my plurality of conductive plates 40, a plurality of insulating plates 50, and clamping means 60.

The clamping means 60 can be switched between an open position in which they allow the end portions of the conducting bars 20, 30 to be inserted in the device, and a closed position in which they make the conducting boxes 20, 30 integral with the junction device 10, as shown in figure 6.

Preferably, the insulating plates 50 are of predominantly rectangular feline, more preferably each insulating plate 50 has dimensions equal to the insulating plates 50. Each insulating plate 50 has at least one through hole 51 to allow the passage of the clamping means 60.

The insulating plates 50 develop on planes parallel to each other and are arranged adjacent and spaced apart from each other along an X-X direction perpendicular to the planes of the insulating plates. Preferably the entry of the conductors 20, 30 of the bar ducts into the junction device 10 occurs along a Y-Y direction perpendicular to the X-X direction.

Each insulating plate 50 has at least one corresponding insulating plate 50 adjacent to it, that is, the insulating plate 50 closest to it proceeding along the X-X direction in one direction or the closest in the opposite direction. Preferably each pair of adjacent insulating plates 50 is spaced along the X-X direction by the same distance. The number of internal insulating plates 50 depends on the number of conductors 20, 30 of the ducts in baila, or on the electricity distribution system.

Preferably, two outer plates 52 parallel to the insulating plates 50 are provided. More preferably, the outer plates 52 are metal plates. Each outer plate 52 has at least one through hole to allow the passage of the sensing means 60. Each outer plate 52 has only one corresponding adjacent insulating plate 50, while each inner insulating plate 50 has two corresponding adjacent insulating plates 50.

Preferably the conductive plates 40 are of a predominantly rectangular shape, more preferably each conductive plate 40 having the same dimensions as the arbor conductive plates 40. Each conductive plate 40 has at least one through hole 41 to allow the passage of the sensing means 60.

The conductive plates 40 are interposed between the insulating plates 50. In particular, between each pair of adjacent insulating plates 50 there are two corresponding adjacent conductive plates 40. Each conductive plate 40 has a first surface 42 associated with an insulating plate 50. The first surfaces 42 of two adjacent conductive plates 40 are associated with two different insulating plates 50 of the corresponding pair of adjacent insulated plates 50.

Each conductive plate 40 has a second surface 43 opposite the first surface 42. The second surfaces 43 of two adjacent conductive plates 40 face each other, and are spaced along the X-X direction.

In this way, between pairs of adjacent conductive plates 40, seats 70 are identified which are suitable for receiving end portions of conductors 20, 30 of the first bar conduit and of the second bar conduit. In particular, when the sensing means 60 are in the closed position, the terminal portion of the wire conductor 20, 30 is contained inside my seat 70. In this configuration (shown in Figure 6) the conductor 20, 30 is in contact with the second surfaces 43 of two adjacent conductive plates 40, while each of these conductive plates 40 has the first surface 42 in contact with an insulating plate 50. The insulating plates 50 allow to electrically insulate seats 70 relating to conductors 20, 30 with different electrical functions, avoiding short circuits. For example, my seat 70 may relate to the conductors of a particular phase of the first and second bar ducts, or it may relate to the neutral conductors of the two bar ducts.

According to the present invention, at least one conductor plate 40 has projections 44 projecting from the second surface 43 towards a seat 70 and configured to come into contact with the conductors 20, 30 of the bar ducts when the clamping means 60 are in the closed position. The projections 44 are preferably present on all the conductive plates 40.

Preferably, the reliefs 44 have a substantially circular shape along planes parallel to the planes of arrangement of the conductive plates, as shown in Figures 4 and 5. It should be noted that the planes of arrangement of the conductor plates 40 are parallel to the planes of development of the insulating plates 50. Preferably , the diameter at the base of each relief is between 1 and 15 rum, more preferably between 2 and 10 rum. Preferably, the projections emerge from the second surface 43 of a respective conductive plate 40 of an amount comprised between 0.1 and 3.0 mm, more preferably comprised between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the reliefs 44 are organized in a checkerboard pattern of lines and colors, as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5. Preferably, the centers of the edges 44 are spaced from each other along a first direction of motion. an amount comprised between 10 and 30 minutes, more preferably comprised between 15 and 25 minutes. This first direction is to be understood as a direction perpendicular to the columns of the scacciti era. From the above, two colors of reliefs 44 are spaced by the amount specified above.

Preferably, the centers of the levers 44 are spaced apart along a second direction by an amount comprised between 5 and 30 min, more preferably comprised between 10 and 25 mm. This second direction is to be understood as a direction perpendicular to the lines of the scaccili era. From the above, two rows of lines 44 are spaced by the amount just specified.

The phonile made of the sheets 44 illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 provides for a plurality of lines and two colors for each region (which will be better detailed below). In embodiments not shown, the number of columns is greater than two. Α1Γ increase of the branch was to color decreases the space between the reliefs 44.

Preferably, the reliefs 44 are obtained by plastic deformation of the conductive plates 40. By way of example, the reliefs 44 are obtained by embossing the conductive plates 40. In the preferred embodiment of the inversion, the conductive plates are made of metallic material, such as aluminum (and its alloys) or copper. Preferably, the end of the projections 44 opposite the base of the same has a flat portion.

The reliefs 44 are provided on a first region 45 and on a second region 46 of the second surface 43. The reliefs are provided only on the aforementioned first and second regions. The first 45 and the second region 46 are mutually distinct and electrically joined. These two regions are distinct portions of the same conductive plate 40, as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5.

Each seat 70 is designed to house the end portions of at least one conductor of the first bar duct 20 and of at least one conductor of the second bar duct 30. When these end portions are inserted in the junction device 10 and this is in the closed position, the conductors of the first conduit 20 and of the second conduit 30 are in contact respectively with the first region 45 and with the second region 46 of the second surfaces 43 of the two conductive plates 40 relative to the seat 70 in which the conductors 20, 30 are inserted.

In an embodiment of the invention, as shown for example in Figure 5, the first region 45 and the second region 46 comprise respective pluralities of sub-regions 45 a, 45b, 46a, 46b. The reliefs of each sub-region are configured to put in contact with a respective conductor. The sub-regions are distinguishable one from the other, within the same region, due to the fact that between them there is no continuity in the checkerboard configuration in rows and colors of the reliefs 44. The sub-regions are distinct from each other and electrically joined. In each conductor plate 40, each sub-region 45a, 45b of the first region 45 is arranged to come into contact with a different conductor of the first duct in a bay, and each sub-region 4óa, 4ób of the second region 46 is arranged to come into contact with a different conductor of the second duct in baile. In this way, it is possible to use the device for the joining of double-wire conductors.

The conductive plates 40 comprise a third region 47 comprised between the first region 45 and the second region 46 in the Y-Y direction. The holes 41 of the conductive plates 40 are located inside the third region 47. According to an embodiment form, for example illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6, each conductive plate 40 has several holes 41, aligned inside the third region 47 along in a Z-Z direction perpendicular to the X-X and Y-Y directions and facing corresponding holes 5 1 in the insulating plates.

The clamping means 60 comprise at least a first clamping member 61 which acts against the holes 41, 51 of the insulating plates 40, of the conductive plates 50 and of the external plates 52 along the X-X direction. Preferably, the first clamping member 61 comprises a screw provided with a head 62 and a stem 63. The evening means 60 further comprise at least a second clamping member 64 cooperating with the first clamping member 61 and with the external plates 52 for sensing the conductive plates 40 against the conductors 20, 30 of the first and second conduit in the base. Preferably the second clamping member 64 comprises a nut.

The clamping means 60 comprise a respective first member 61 and second clamping member 64 for each hole in the insulating plate.

Obviously, a person skilled in the art, in order to satisfy contingent and specific needs, can make numerous modifications to the junction device for bale conductors described above, all of which are however contained within the scope of protection as defined by the following claims.

Claims (10)

CLAIMS 1. Junction device (10) for connecting the conductors of a first busbar conduit (20) with the conductors of a second busbar conduit (30), comprising: - a plurality of insulating plates (50), - a plurality of conductive plates (40) interposed between the insulating plates (50) so as to identify, between pairs of adjacent conductive plates (40), seats (70) suitable for receiving terminal portions of the conductors (20, 30) of the lead bar duct and the second bar duct, - clamping means (60) active at least on said conductive plates (40) to pull said conductive plates together, in which: - said insulating plates (50) extend on parallel planes and are arranged spaced apart from each other along a direction (X-X) perpendicular to the planes of the insulating plates (50), - each conductive plate (40) has a first surface (42) coupled to a respective insulating plate (50) and an opposite second surface (43) facing the second surface (43) of a conductive plate (40) coupled to a subsequent plate insulating (50), - each insulating plate (50) and each conductive plate (40) have at least one hole (51, 41), - said clamping means (60) pass through said threads and can be switched between an open position in which they allow the insertion of the end portions of conductive bars (20, 30) in said seats (70), and my closed position in which they make integral said conductive bars (20, 30) to the junction device (10), characterized by the fact that at least one conductive plate (40) has levers (44) projecting from the second surface (43) towards a corresponding seat (70) and configured to come into contact with the conductors (20, 30) of the bail ducts. Junction device (10) according to claim 1, in which said edges (44) have a substantially circular shape along planes parallel to the planes where said conductive plates lie. 3. Junction device (10) according to any preceding claim, wherein said reliefs (44) are provided on my first region (45) and on a second region (46) of said second surface (43), the reliefs (44) in the first region (45) being configured to swell into contact with a first conductor and the ridges (44) in the second region (46) being configured to contact a second conductor. 4. Joining device according to claim 3, in which said first and second regions are distinct and electrically joined to each other. 5. Junction device (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein said conductive plates (40) comprise a third region (47) comprised between the first region (45) and the second region (46), said holes (41) of said conductive plates (40) being located within said third region (47). Junction device (10) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein said first region (45) and said second region (46) comprise respective pluralities of sub-regions (45a, 45b, 46a, 46b), the reliefs of each sub-region (45a, 45b) being configured to swell in contact with a respective conductor. 7. Joining device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said ridges emerge from said second surface of my respective conductive plate in a quantity comprised between 0.1 and 3.0 mm, preferably comprised between 0.5 and 1.5 nini. 8. Joining device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which said rows and i are organized in a row and column layout. Joint device (10) in accordance with any preceding claim, comprising two outer plates (52) each of which comprises at least one hole, in which said sensing means (60) comprise at least a first clamping member (61) which crosses the lines (51, 41) of the insulating plates (50), of the conductive plates (40) and of the external plates (52) along said perpendicular direction (X-X) and at least a second sensing member (64) cooperating with the first sensing member (61) and with the outer plates (52) for saddling the conducting plates (40) against the conductors (20, 30) of the first and second bale conduits. Joint device (10) according to claim 9, wherein each insulating plate (50), each conductive plate (40) and each outer plate (52) have my plurality of holes, said clamping means (60) they comprise a respective first member and second clamping member for each hole of said insulating plates (50), conductive plates (40) and outer plates (52).