ITTV20090090A1 - HYDRAULIC MODULE FOR THE AUTONOMOUS MANAGEMENT OF A HEATING AND CENTRALIZED HOT WATER PRODUCTION SYSTEM. - Google Patents

Description

: hydraulic module for the autonomous management of a centralized heating and hot water production system.

Description of the problem to be solved

In older generation centralized heating systems, the lack of autonomy in heating management has led to inconvenience to the user and the consequent spread of a general preference for autonomous heating systems. Buildings with centralized heating systems have undergone such devaluations that they are almost completely replaced with buildings with autonomous heating systems, however, in the face of higher maintenance costs, higher energy consumption, higher emissions into the atmosphere, but above all a great difficulty to ensure and maintain these plants in safe conditions.

The system created is proposed as a compromise solution to these problems and is in line with the current legislation on energy saving.

The system is compatible and favors the presence of other systems, such as cooling and solar systems.

State of the art and proposed solution

Currently there are products on the market that aim to find solutions to the problem. The basic idea is to provide a system that guarantees the benefits of central heating together with the comfort and convenience offered by independent heating. We thought of a block of appliances, contained in a metal box, to be installed inside each single apartment and connected to the only heat generator of the building via hydraulic pipes and data transmission cables. The heating in the building is of the centralized type because in the entire commercial / residential complex there is a single heat generator but the management of the heating is of the autonomous type because it is governed by the single unit and because the The user adjusts the temperature and the operating times of the heating inside his unit in a totally independent way from that of the other units.

On the market there are models with different characteristics and suitable for managing the heating to one or more zones and with the same or different working temperature.

Models with exchanger for the production of domestic hot water and models without exchanger able to exploit the centralized production of domestic hot water coming from the single plant heat generator have been proposed.

There are also systems equipped with a volumetric meter that can similarly be used in the summer period to independently manage the cooling of the single unit, when this is supplied by a centralized chiller.

Among the numerous products proposed by you Caldaie, those of interest for the invention created are:

- model with metering of heat, hot water and domestic cold water with 2-way zone valve: suitable for one-zone systems, it uses a 2-way zone valve with manual control and motorized actuator;

- model with metering of heat, hot water and domestic cold water with 3-way zone valve: suitable for one-zone systems, it uses a 3-way zone valve with manual control and with motorized actuator.

Caleffi, in the field of interest for the invention created, proposes:

- high temperature user module with hydraulic separation: it only serves the high temperature area, without using the 3-way valve; - high / low temperature user module with hydraulic separation: serves the high and low temperature zone and the mixing of the low temperature fluid is of the thermostatic type.

Coster, in the area of interest for the invention created, proposes:

- distribution and metering box for single zone systems: suitable for high temperature systems, it has a 4-way motorized valve;

- distribution and metering box for two-zone systems: suitable for two-zone high-temperature systems, it has no. 2 motorized two-way zone valves;

- distribution and metering boxes for 2-zone and 2-temperature systems: suitable for systems with two zones of different temperatures, it has no. 1 motorized 3-way zone valve for high temperature recovery and 1 motorized 2-way mixing valve for the low temperature system.

The invention aims at overcoming the drawbacks of the cited prior art, providing an optimal solution to the problem presented.

We thought of a solution with centralized local sanitary water production, because it is believed that localized production involves the need to always circulate fluid at a high temperature, generally above 60 ° C, to give priority to the exchange of heat; in doing so, along the distribution columns, even if coated, there may still be a greater risk of heat dispersion and waste.

The insertion of the hydraulic separator is also considered fundamental because in this way the primary circuit that starts from the boiler passes only through the hydraulic separator, while the secondary circuit is controlled by the circulators in the hydraulic module, both in high and low temperature. . This results in a considerable advantage for current consumption because a pump with very low current absorption in the primary circuit is sufficient; as well as a saving over time in terms of current, there is a considerable initial cost lower on the purchase of the central cireolator because it will suffice with a small size. It is also believed that the compensator is suitable to work also on a single building.

There is a reasonable need, on the part of companies and operators in the sector, to seek innovative solutions, which are overall better in terms of quality than the previous ones.

The main purpose of the present invention is to offer an optimal autonomous management of the heating inside the individual units, guaranteeing the absolute saving benefits that centralized heating ensures.

A further object is to provide a system which allows to meet both cooling and heating requirements at the same time.

A further object is to provide a system which allows the centralized production of domestic hot water to be maintained, in order to guarantee minimum consumption.

A further object is to provide a system compatible with the presence of a solar plant. Compared to a solar system for a single unit, the execution and maintenance costs are reduced as they are shared among all users, the environmental impact is lower, there is the possibility of positioning the solar system in the sunniest and most regretted place à It is certainly exploited to the maximum by being used by more people.

A further object is to offer a standard product easily adaptable to different systems, simple to manufacture and operationally completely reliable.

Energy saving and respect for the environment are evident because the combustion is unique; the user of the single unit adjusts the temperature and operating time according to his needs and independently from the other units; the system can be set up to serve several temperature zones; each user can check his own heating and domestic hot water consumption on the display at any time and pays for the calories actually consumed; furthermore, the user does not have to worry about safety and costly periodic ordinary and extraordinary maintenance, typical problems of individual systems with a single boiler inside the unit.

Description of the figures

The technical characteristics of the invention, according to the aforementioned purposes, are clearly verifiable from the content of the attached claims and the advantages thereof will be more evident in the detailed description that follows, made with reference to the attached drawings, which represent a purely exemplary embodiment. and not limiting, in which:

Figure 1 shows a first model of a basic hydraulic module identified as a mixing module;

- Figure 2 shows a second model of a basic hydraulic module identified as a mixing module;

- Figure 3 shows a third model of basic hydraulic module identified as a mixing module;

- Figure 4 shows a fourth model of a basic hydraulic module identified as a mixing module;

- Figure 5 shows a fifth model of a hydraulic module complete with metering identified as a satellite module;

- Figure 6 shows a sixth model of a hydraulic module complete with metering identified as a satellite module;

- Figure 7 shows a seventh model of a hydraulic module complete with metering identified as a satellite module;

- Figure 8 shows an eighth model of a hydraulic module complete with metering identified as a satellite module;

Figure 9 shows the sheet on which the functional components of the system are mounted to form a single block;

- Figure 10 shows the metal box at the end of which the sheet metal that supports all the components of the hydraulic module must be fixed;

- Figure 11 shows the template for assembling the components, ie a structure that allows the hydraulic system to be carried out without having the hydraulic module immediately available;

Figure 12 shows an example of a hydraulic scheme of a heating system using the satellite module.

With reference to the figures, the hydraulic module is first described in the most advanced system configuration, that is model 8 of Fig. 8. All the accessories present in Fig. 9, 10 and 11 are to be considered usable for all models 8 (Fig. 8), 7 (Fig. 7), 6 (Fig. 6), 5 (Fig. 5), 4 (Fig. 4), 3 (Fig-3), 2 (Fig. 2) and 1 (Fig. L ).

The satellite modules 8 (Fig. 8), 7 (Fig. 7), 6 (Fig. 6) and 5 (Fig. 5) as well as their simpler configurations represented respectively by the mixing modules 4 (Fig. 4) , 3 (Fig. 3), 2 (Fig. 2) and 1 (Fig. 1), consist of a set of functional devices, connected together by hydraulic components.

The module appears as a single block when devices and components are fixed on a sheet 9 (Fig. 9), which is a customized aluminum plate, made specifically for the purpose of the present invention. The fixing of the module on the sheet metal is guaranteed by a maximum total of nine bracelet supports 10 with silencer shock absorber which, screwed to the sheet metal, support the module. The four supports 10A support the complete kit of components for the basic heating circuit (they are present in all models of the hydraulic module), the three supports 10B support the complete kit of components for the metering of domestic hot water (they are present only in models 5, 6, 7 and 8), while the two supports 10C support the kit for the high temperature function (they are present only in models 3, 4, 7 and 8). The sheet is prepared with four slotted holes 11 (Fig. 9), to be fixed on the bolts 12 (Fig. 10) of the guides 13 (Fig. 10) of the box 14 (Fig. 10). The sheet is installed when the template 15 (Fig. 1) of the system is removed. When asked to insert the electrical equipment inside the box 14, a piece of rectangular sheet 69 (Fig. 9) which has holes 87 on which to fix the equipment, is screwed onto the inserts 86, already prepared, of the sheet 9. On the same sheet, the insert 88 is instead used to fix the capillary thermometer 60 (Fig. 8), which is mandatory in order to view and keep under control the system delivery temperature at low temperature.

There are two ways to reinstall the hydraulic module:

1. a metal box 14 (Fig. 10) can be built into the wall and the sheet metal 9 fixed on it (Fig. 9); the box is then closed with a lid, possibly painted to be camouflaged in the wall;

2. the sheet metal 9 (Fig. 9) can be bricked directly onto the wall.

Both installations require the module to be inside the housing / residential unit.

The cassette 14 (Fig. 10) used for the purpose of the present invention is hy; metal sheet, is available on the market, but has been chosen with fixed dimensions (660x680x150 mm) suitable for the hydraulic module created. The box is supplied with two guides 13 which can slide in the box horizontally (from right to left and vice versa) and four square base bolts 12 with fixing nut to be inserted in the guides 13 which can slide vertically on them (from € ™ top to bottom and vice versa). The template 15 (Fig. 1 1) is fixed on the bolts 12 first (ie during the execution of the works) and the hydraulic module after (ie when the work has been completed and it is therefore necessary to definitively install the hydraulic module). The ease of installation of the proposed invention lies in the fact that if the template 15 is available (Fig. 11), by installing it, it is possible to realize the hydraulic system in advance, without immediately having the hydraulic module, which is the component that affects the most. from an economic point of view. With reference to the same Fig. 11, the template 15 is a unique steel structure, made specifically for the purpose of the present invention. Like the sheet 9, the template 15 has four holes of diam. 8 mm to be fixed to the box 14 (Fig. 10). To position the template 15 correctly, it is necessary to make its right and upper side coincide with the inner right and upper side of the box 14. On the upper right and lower right ends of the template 15 are fixed with Allen screws, two brackets 16 which allow to remove the template 15 easily.

Template 15 is made with sleeves and stubs at the inlet and outlet of the vector fluid and sanitary water, and is suitable for any model of hydraulic module object of the present invention. This choice was made to maintain a standardization in the manufacturing of the components and consequently obtain an economic and time saving.

During the installation phase, together with the template 15, the butterfly valves 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36 (Fig. 8) are supplied, which are already available on the market and are used to be temporarily screwed to sleeves 19, 17, 18, 20, 23, 26, 24, 25, 22 and 21 respectively (Fig. 11). In this way plumbing regret can be accomplished with fixed and precise measurements.

In particular, as can be seen from Fig, 11, on the left side of the template 15 are welded from top to bottom respectively:

- 3/4 "sleeve number (17), for the heating return (to the generator) of the primary circuit fluid;

- 3/4 "pipe number (18), for the passage of the domestic hot water supply, arriving from the boiler room and directed to the single building; - 3/4" sleeve number (19) , for the heating delivery (from the generator) of the primary circuit fluid;

- nr.l 3/4 "socket (20), for the passage of the domestic cold water supply, arriving from the aqueduct and directed to the single building.

The lower side is welded from left to right with respect to:

- 1/2 "sleeve number (21), for the passage of domestic cold water to the single building;

- 1/2 "sleeve number (22), for the passage of domestic hot water to the single building;

- 3/4 "sleeve number (23), for the passage of the high temperature delivery fluid directed towards the single building;

nr.l 3/4 "sleeve (24), for the passage of the delivery fluid ìq V

high / low temperature directed towards the single building;

- 3/4 "sleeve number (25), for the passage of the high / low temperature return fluid from the single building;

- 3/4 "sleeve number (26), for the passage of the high temperature return fluid from the single building.

The diameters used were sized on the basis of the average consumption of sanitary water and heat within a housing unit.

User satellites and mixing modules

The proposed invention consists of a series of models to be used according to the installation and the building to be served. The most advanced models have been defined as "user satellites" and are those to be used for a building consisting of several residential / commercial units. The objective is that indicated in the description of the problem to be solved, that is to manage autonomously a centralized heating and domestic hot water production system.

To complete the proposed idea, it was decided to use the same principle also in a group of single-user systems, which have been defined as "mixing modules". The goal in this case is to have all the accessories necessary for the distribution of the fluid within the system circuits present in the building in a single block. Since these are solutions suitable for a single-user system, it was not necessary to insert the calorie counter, the liter-counter kits and the accessories dedicated to the metering part.

However, there is a complementarity between the two groups of products because each user satellite is obtained by adding to the corresponding mixing module: the calorie counter, the liter-counter kit and the accessories dedicated to metering.

It was decided to maintain a standardization of the product in order to have reduced costs and fast execution times.

Sheet metal, template and cassette are unique for all models. The only precaution to consider is that in relation to the template, only inputs and outputs present in the system on which you are going to work will be used.

Model no. 8 (user satellite)

The hydraulic module format which has the maximum number of components and which performs the function of the module in the most precise way is the user satellite of model no. 8. This model is suitable for a system with centralized heating and production of domestic hot water and with the presence of a high and low temperature circuit controlled by an electric actuator. The functional components of the system are described below and are those that must be connected together to form a single block to be fixed to the metal sheet 9.

There is a primary and a secondary circuit. With reference to Fig. 8, in the primary circuit the heat carrier fluid which is heated by the single generator of the plant, flows inside the hydraulic pipes in the columns of the building, enters through the valve 27 in the hydraulic module of each single unit to a temperature of about 60 ° C, passes through the hydraulic compensator 37 and exits the module through the valve 28 pei; return to the boiler. Inside the hydraulic compensator, the two circuits come into contact and the primary circuit transfers heat to the secondary one. The function of the hydraulic compensator is to separate the heat production circuit (primary circuit) from the utilization circuit (secondary circuit), since the two circuits are characterized by different water flow requirements and in particular the flow rate of the utilization circuit is variable and can assume values that are not compatible with the needs of the generator. On the top of the compensator there is a relief valve 56 which performs a fundamental function in the arising of problems of air infiltration and depressurization inside the compensator itself; on the lower part, on the other hand, there is a drain cock 57 which allows the water to be drained when necessary (eg maintenance work).

With reference to Figure 8, in the secondary circuit the heat transfer fluid exits from the hydraulic compensator 37 and is directed to the high and low temperature system through a first T piece 58 and a second T piece 38. From the latter the fluid splits: part of the fluid enters component 39 while another part enters component 40.

Component 39 (made by welding two fittings, a bend and a copper trunk) connects the T-piece 38 to the valve 3 1 which releases the vector fluid from the hydraulic module and enters the high temperature system within the residential / commercial unit; in this case the fluid enters the unit at the arrival temperature in the compensator 37, that is; about 60 ° C.

After the fluid has passed through the high temperature circuit (normally in radiators) inside the unit, it returns to the hydraulic module at a lower temperature because it has lost part of its heat; enters the module through valve 32, is directed by component 46 (made by welding two fittings, a bend and a copper socket) to pump 47, from here it passes through component 48 (made by welding two fittings, of a curve and a copper trunk) and arrives at the T piece 49. At this point the fluid passes through the calorie counter 54 for recording consumption, returns to the compensator 37 to recover heat from the primary circuit fluid and resumes its cycle.

In the other temperature zone, the fluid that passes through component 40 (made by welding two fittings and a copper curve) enters the T-piece 41 and is directed towards component 44 (made by welding two fittings , a bend and a copper trunk) and, through the valve 33, exits the hydraulic module to enter the low temperature system inside the unit.

After the fluid has passed through the low temperature circuit inside the unit, it returns inside the hydraulic module at a lower temperature because it has released part of its heat; enters the module through valve 34, is directed by component 50 (made by welding two fittings and a copper socket) to pump 51, then passes through component 55 (made by welding two fittings, a curve and a socket of copper), reaches the A side of the three-way valve 42 and goes down towards the T-piece 41 (through the C side) to resume the low temperature circuit. An exception occurs when the temperature probe inserted in component 45 and connected to the electronic regulator detects that the fluid along component 44 directed to the low temperature system has a too low temperature. It should be noted that on the back of component 44 two copper logs 45 with a length of approximately 10 cm have been welded: in one a temperature probe connected to an electronic regulator (generally mounted on a panel) that controls the servomotor 43 is inserted, in the other the bulb of the thermometer 60 and a temperature probe connected to the safety thermostat 80. The temperature probe connected to the electronic regulator has the function of detecting the temperature of the fluid flowing through the component 44 and sending the information to the the regulator itself which in turn controls the actuator 43: when the temperature of the fluid flowing through the component 44 falls below about 30 degrees (i.e. it assumes a system delivery temperature that is too low), the actuator 43 acts on the three-way valve 42 partially opening side B and closing side C; in this way the temperature of the liquid entering the system at low temperature rises because priority is given to the hot fluid arriving from component 40 and mixing with the cold liquid returning from the low temperature that would arrive from side C is excluded. On the contrary, when the probe detects that the temperature of the fluid flowing through component 44 rises above about 40 degrees (i.e. it assumes a system delivery temperature that is too high), the actuator acts on the three-way valve 42, opening side C and closing side B; in this way the temperature of the liquid entering the low temperature system is lowered because it is mixed with the cold one returning from the low temperature system arriving from the C side. The safety thermostat 80, on the other hand, has the task of interrupting the low temperature circuit when the fluid flowing in component 44 exceeds approximately 45-50 ° C and, since it is a safety device, the fact that it comes into operation is a symptom of malfunction in the system (e.g. the servomotor does not detect the message sent by the probe inside the socket 45).

In the event that the three-way valve 42 opens side B, the return fluid from the low temperature system will pass through the calorie counter 54, which will count its consumption and add it to the consumption of heat produced by the high temperature. From the calorie counter 54, the return fluid of the low temperature which will now be mixed with the high one, will return to the compensator 37, will absorb heat from the primary circuit and return to the secondary circuit.

To calculate consumption, the calorie counter 54 uses a delivery temperature sensor 90 and measures the temperature difference of the fluid in the secondary circuit between the inlet (which can be considered in correspondence with the T-shaped part 58) and the outlet (which it can be considered in correspondence with the T piece 49). The temperature delta will allow to calculate the calories spent to heat the residential / commercial unit.

In the system object of the present invention an ultrasonic calorie counter has been adopted because it provides a precise measurement with a minimum error. It is however possible to alternatively insert a volumetric calorie counter, which has a lower purchase cost, but which, using the mechanical principle, provides a less precise measurement. An advantage of the volumetric calorie counter is that it also allows you to measure the consumption of air conditioning as well as heating energy and the switchover between summer and winter operation is automatic. It should be noted that if the refrigeration units for cooling are also to be counted, the module must be insulated.

The calorie counter adopted for the purpose of the present invention is commercially available and the model to be inserted in the system depends on the flow rate of the fluid, the type of application, the connections and the length of the probe. In the proposed invention, a calorie counter suitable for the average size of a residential unit was used.

An essential detail for the proper functioning of the system are the non-return valves 52 for low temperature and 53 for high temperature: they favor the right sense of circulation and are indispensable for making the two circuits independent and avoiding mixing, even when only one of the two circuits works.

Another detail of the proposed system is the presence of a total shutdown relay with auxiliary contacts inside the box with wiring; when all the residential / commercial units have reached the set temperature, the relay, which is controlled by the room thermostat, stops the circuit of the single unit and the primary circuit circulation controller in the substation; it is a fundamental detail because it allows to contain current consumption.

In the object of the present invention modulating pumps can be adopted, because if there are zones in the unit, the number of revolutions is regulated according to the request: if there are more open zones, the number of revolutions is greater. to meet the request, while if there is only one (or a few) open areas, the back pressure in the pipes automatically decreases the revolutions of the cireolator; it is a fundamental detail because it allows to reduce the electrical absorption.

To have an immediate control of the temperature in circulation in the hydraulic module, two thermometers 59 and 60 were inserted respectively in the upper part of the manifold in correspondence with the heating delivery of the primary circuit and on the low temperature inlet pipe in the housing unit.

Two component kits have been added in the lower left part of the hydraulic module to calculate the sanitary water used. The domestic hot water arriving from the thermo solar boiler of the thermal power plant enters the hydraulic module through the ball valve 29 and passes through the mechanical hot water meter 61 which counts the consumption; the water then flows through component 62 (made by welding two fittings, a bend and two copper stubs) and reaches the ball valve 35 to exit the hydraulic module and enter the housing unit.

In parallel, the domestic cold water arriving from the aqueduct enters the hydraulic module through the ball valve 30 and passes through the mechanical cold water meter 63 which counts consumption; the water then flows through component 64 (made by welding two fittings and a copper bend) and reaches the ball valve 36 to exit the hydraulic module and enter the housing unit. Liter counters 61 and 63 are available on the market and the model to be used depends on the flow rate, the length of the cable, the threaded connection and the type of contact.

However, for the proposed invention it is necessary to use meters equipped with pulse output because the recorded count is sent via a connection kit for M-Bus 65 systems to the pulse adapter 66, which will transmit the consumption data via M-Bus to the central unit.

To complete the hydraulic module, a box 67 (Fig. 8) and a panel 68 (Fig. 8) are fixed on the sheet 69 (Fig. 9); box 67 contains the electrical wiring, while in panel 68 there are two magnetothermic switches: the first interrupts the power supply of the heating cable that keeps the sanitary water pipe relative to the single unit running from the riser column to the inlet at the temperature. module; the second interrupts the power supply of the circulator in the circuit that heats the single unit.

A system configuration of the type used in model 8, i.e. high and low temperature with electric servomotor, is combined with a climatic regulator (generally mounted on a panel), equipped with an external probe (to be mounted on an external north wall of the building) and probe environment which, combined with the delivery probe in component 45, allow the best regulation of the required temperature also in consideration of the external temperature.

The consumption of gas and water can be read locally on the display on the single calorie counter of the hydraulic module, but in the proposed invention it was decided to centralize the data. For this purpose, a single data transmission cable must be installed that connects all the units in the building and sends the consumption data to an M-Bus converter and a central unit, both generally mounted in the control unit. It should be noted that there is also the possibility of making remote data and sending them to places distant from the control unit such as the office of the administrator of the building or the office of the assistance center which will also be able to keep under control any malfunctions; in this case it will be necessary to add a gsm modem from the panel together with a data transmission SIM and management software. All the accessories referred to in the paragraph above are devices available on the market.

Model no. 7 (user satellite)

The model no. 7 (Fig. 7) performs the same functions and serves the same type of system as model no. 8, i.e. high and low temperature system. The difference between the two models lies in the three-way valve 42 which in this case is not governed by the electric actuator but by a fixed-point thermostatic actuator 70 controlled by a capillary bulb immersed in the well 45. The opening of the sides of the three-way valve 42 depends on the thermostatic expansion of the bulb, which senses the delivery fluid of the system at a low temperature. The circuit temperature is determined by manually acting on the actuator knob 70 until the ideal temperature is found. In this case the electronic regulator, the external probe and the room probe are no longer necessary, but we recommend a room thermostat which acts on pump 51 and stops it when the set room temperature is reached.

Model no. 6 (user satellite)

The model no. 6 (Fig. 6) It was conceived as a simplification of model no. 8. Also in this case the three-way valve 42 is combined with the electric actuator 43 which reacts on the basis of the readings of the probe in well 45.

The difference with the model no. 8 lies in the fact that in this case both high and low temperature circuits are not present but there is only one temperature zone. For this reason, as shown in Fig. 6, the following components of Fig. 8 are missing: valves 31 and 32, components 39, 46 and 48, pump 47 and non-return valve 53.

In the secondary circuit, the heat-carrying fluid which from the compensator 37 reaches the T-shaped piece 38, is immediately directed towards the component 40 and therefore towards the only circuit of the unit. As for model no. 8, a system configuration of this type requires the presence of an electronic regulator (generally mounted on a panel), an external probe (to be mounted on the external north wall of the building) and an ambient probe.

When only the high temperature is present in the system, in this model as well as in models 5 of Fig. 5, model 2 of Fig. 2 and model 1 of Fig. 1, the probes inside the bulbs 45 are connected to the thermostat 80 and to the actuator 43, will be calibrated at a suitable temperature, higher than that of the low temperature circuit.

Model no. 5 (user satellite)

The user satellite model no. 5 (Fig. 5) performs the same functions and serves the same type of system as model no. 6, i.e. system with a single temperature zone.

As it was for model no. 7, the difference between the two types of hydraulic module lies in the three-way valve 42 which in this case is not governed by the electric actuator but by the fixed-point thermostatic actuator 70 in turn controlled by the capillary bulb immersed in the well 45 .

As for model no. 7, also in this case the electronic regulator, the external probe and the room probe are no longer necessary but a simple room thermostat is recommended.

Model no. 4 (mixing module)

As can be seen from Fig. 4, the mixing module of type no. 4 is the simplification of the typology nr. 8 of user satellite: the same type of system configuration is required, i.e. high and low temperature system, but the heat and domestic hot water metering part is not present. In particular, as can be seen from Fig. 4, with respect to model no. 8 of Fig. 8, the T-shaped piece 58 which carried the delivery temperature detection probe 90, the calorie counter 54, the data connection kit 65 and the complete domestic water metering kit is missing.

Using the electric servomotor 43, the model no. 4 requires an electronic controller, an external probe and an ambient probe.

For this model and for the other mixing modules (model 3 of Fig. 3, model 2 of Fig. 2 and model 1 of Fig. 1), the system is completed with the electrical wiring box 67, while the only switch thermal breaker, although present, is generally mounted on the central heating panel together with the other accessories (main switch and climatic regulator).

Another peculiarity of the mixing modules is that the data is not centralized so it is not necessary to install the impulse adapter, bus cables, power divider, panel modem, sim card and management software. .

Model no. 3 (mixing module)

As it is a mixing module, as mentioned above, it lacks the heat metering part, the domestic hot water metering part and the data centralization accessories with relative consumption distribution.

The model no. 3 (Fig. 3) performs the same functions and serves the same type of system as model no. 4, i.e. high and low temperature system. the difference between the two models lies in the three-way valve 42 which in this case does not use an electric actuator but a fixed-point thermostatic actuator 70 controlled by a capillary bulb immersed in the well 45, as for models no. 7 and 5.

Also in this case the electronic regulator, the external probe and the room probe are no longer necessary, but a room thermostat is recommended.

Model no. 2 (mixing module)

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the mixing module of type no. 2 is the simplification of the typology nr. 6 of user satellite: the same type of system configuration is needed, i.e. high or low temperature system, but, being a mixing module, there is no heat metering or hot water metering part sanitary ware and accessories suitable for centralizing data and sharing consumption. As for all the other models that use 43 electric servo control, also the model nr. 2 requires an electronic controller, an external probe and an ambient probe.

Model no. 1 (mixing module)

The model no. 1 (Fig. 1) performs the same functions and serves the same type of system as model no. 2, i.e. high and low temperature system.

The difference between the two models lies in the three-way valve 42 which is governed by the fixed-point thermostatic actuator 70 controlled in turn by the capillary bulb immersed in the well 45, as for models no. 7, 5 and 3. Also in this case the electronic regulator, the external probe, the room probe, the heat metering part, the domestic hot water metering part and the accessories suitable for centralizing data and to the distribution of consumption.

Possibility of using a solar system

Fig. 12 shows an example of system configuration with centralized heat generator and autonomous management of heating and domestic hot water production.

The heat carrier fluid, after being heated by the boiler 71, arrives on a first double outlet exchanger 72. From the outlet 73 of the exchanger 72 the fluid heats up to a temperature of approximately 40-50 ° C a buffer tank 76 which contains thermo water for the heating system; from the outlet 74 of the exchanger 72 the fluid, through a coil 75, heats up to a temperature of approximately 50 ° C, the upper part of the boiler 77 which contains sanitary water. The thermo water which is heated in the puffer 76, exits through the pipes 78 and feeds the uprights of the building and the primary circuit from where the satellite modules 79 will draw the heat.

The diagram in the figure shows how it is possible to combine a system with hydraulic modules with a solar system suitable not only for producing domestic hot water but also for integrating the underfloor heating system (low temperature): from the solar panels 81, the flow goes down to the three-way valve 82, which is initially open towards side A to feed the coil 83 of the domestic hot water tank 77; when the temperature of the water inside the storage tank 77 reaches approximately 50 ° C, the three-way valve 82 will open side D and will divert the fluid towards the coil 84 of the storage tank 76, helping to feed and heat the floor system. The flow is controlled by the thermostat 85 which, when the boiler 77 reaches a temperature of approximately 50 ° C, diverts the three-way valve 82 and closes the circuit 74 coming from the boiler.

The solar system is regulated in such a way as to give priority to the heating of the domestic hot water in the 77 tank and only when this has reached the set temperature does the solar energy help to power the underfloor system; please note that the solution is not feasible for a radiator system as this works at high temperatures.

As regards the domestic hot water circuit, from the same Fig. 12 it can be seen that the hot water comes from the boiler 77, while the cold water is fed to the aqueduct; both streams will flow through the risers before entering the hydraulic module 79.

Claims (12)

CLAIMS 1. Hydraulic module that manages heating and domestic hot water within a single unit in a multi-unit residential / commercial building where there is a single centralized heat generator; the module is characterized by the fact that it consists of: - a hydraulic compensator 37 with relief valve 56 and drain cock 57: serves the primary circuit and has the function of separating the heat production circuit from the utilization circuit since they have different water flow requirements; the operating principle is also valid for buildings with few units or for a single building with a single boiler; the compensator guarantees a lower current consumption because it allows to use a pump with very low current absorption in the primary circuit; in addition to savings over time in terms of electricity, there is savings at the time of purchase; - a series of T-pieces and hydraulic components made by welding copper fittings, curves and stubs, through which the heat-carrying fluid flows; - one or more non-return valves 52, 53 and one or more pumps 47 and 51 which keep the heating circuits separate and favor the correct flow direction of the heat transfer fluid; - a three-way valve 42, with actuator and probe inside a copper trunk 45, which keep the flow temperature to the system in the single unit under control; - calorie counter 54 and temperature probe 90 in delivery for recording consumption; - six or four ball valves which include or exclude the heating system inside the single unit; - domestic hot water management kit, consisting of hydraulic components 62, 64, liter counters 61 and 63 and ball valves 29, 30, 35 and 36 which manage the production of domestic hot water which is centralized and not localized; a solution of this type involves lower consumption than a system in which an exchanger is present inside the module; in a system with an exchanger it is necessary to always circulate fluid at a high temperature, generally over about 60 ° C, to give priority to the heat exchanger and in doing so, along the distribution columns, even if coated, there may still be a increased risk of heat dispersion and waste; - electrical box with wiring 67 and electrical panel 68 with one or more magnetothermic switches for managing the electrical component of the system; - total shutdown relay with auxiliary contacts inside the electrical box; when all the residential / commercial units have reached the set temperature, the relay, which is controlled by the room thermostat, stops the circuit of the single unit and the primary circuit circulation controller in the substation; this is a fundamental detail because it allows to contain current consumption; - a connection kit for data systems 65 and an impulse adapter 66, which acquire the impulses from the calorie counter and from the liter counter and transmit the consumption data via M-Bus to the central unit where they can be distributed and possibly remoted; - safety thermostat 80 which monitors the inlet temperature of the single unit in the system and guarantees safety in the event of a malfunction in the system with servocontrol; - thermometers 59 and 60 which allow immediate control respectively of the heating delivery temperature in the primary circuit and the heating delivery temperature in the secondary circuit. The module must be combined with specific accessories: - sheet metal on which the components of the module are fixed; - metal container to be walled or fixed to the wall, the sheet metal with the components of the hydraulic module is placed inside; the box can be avoided when the sheet itself is directly walled into the wall; assembly template to create a hydraulic system without immediately having the hydraulic module, which is the most important component in economic terms. 2. System according to claim 1. with actuator which can be electric 43 or thermostatic with fixed point 70. In the case of electric actuator it is necessary to provide a climatic regulator, equipped with an external probe and room probe, which combined with the flow probe in the trunk 45, allow the optimum regulation of the required temperature also in consideration of the external temperature; in the case of a fixed-point thermostatic actuator there is no electronic regulator, external probe and room probe but the adjustment is mechanical and the temperature is determined by the positioning of the knob 70 taking care to install a room thermostat which, acting on the module pumps, it stops the system when the ambient temperature is reached. 3. System according to claim 1. adaptable to plants in which a single temperature zone is present. In this case there will be only one pump 5 1 and only one hydraulic connection kit, ie the one that manages the only existing temperature zone. 4. System according to claim 3. with actuator which can be electric 43 or thermostatic with fixed point 70. In the case of electric actuator it is necessary to provide a climatic regulator, equipped with an external probe and room probe, which combined with the flow probe in the trunk 45, allow the optimum regulation of the required temperature also in consideration of the external temperature; in the case of a fixed-point thermostatic actuator, there are no electronic regulators, external sensors and room sensors, but the adjustment is mechanical and the temperature is determined by the positioning of the knob 70, taking care to install a room thermostat which, acting on the module pumps, it stops the system when the ambient temperature is reached. 5. System according to claim 1. adaptable to a single-user system by eliminating the calorie counter, the domestic water metering kit with relative valves, the data connection kit, the impulse adapter, the M-Bus transmission cable and the data centralization accessories. 6. System according to claim 5, with servocontrol which can be electric 43 or thermostatic with fixed point 70. In the case of electric servocontrol, it is necessary to provide a climatic regulator, equipped with an external probe and room probe, which combined with the flow probe in the trunk 45, allow the optimum regulation of the required temperature also in consideration of the external temperature; in the case of a fixed point thermostatic actuator there are no electronic regulator, external probe and room probe but the regulation is mechanical and the temperature; It is determined by the positioning of the knob 70 having the foresight to install a room thermostat which, acting on the pumps of the module, stops the system when the room temperature is reached. 7. System according to claim 3. adaptable to a single-user system by eliminating the calorie counter, the domestic water metering kit with relative valves, the data connection kit, the impulse adapter, the M-Bus transmission cable and data centralization accessories. 8. System according to claim 7. with actuator which can be electric 43 or thermostatic with fixed point 70. In the case of electric actuator it is necessary to provide a climatic regulator, equipped with an external probe and ambient probe, which, combined with the flow probe in the trunk 45, allow the optimum regulation of the required temperature also in consideration of the external temperature; in the case of a fixed-point thermostatic actuator, there are no electronic regulators, external sensors and room sensors, but the adjustment is mechanical and the temperature is determined by the positioning of the knob 70, taking care to install a room thermostat which, acting on the module pumps, it stops the system when the ambient temperature is reached. 9. System according to the preceding claims adaptable to the management and accounting of a possible cooling system existing in the residential / commercial complex and characterized by a single centralized chiller which air-conditioning the individual units; in this case it is necessary to use a volumetric calorie counter and insulate the hydraulic connection kits. 10. System according to the previous claims in which the pumps adopted may be of the modulating type because if there are zones in the unit, the number of revolutions is regulated according to the request: if there are more open zones, the number of revolutions is greater to meet the request, while if there is only one (or a few) open areas, the back pressure in the pipes automatically decreases the revolutions of the cirolulator; it is a fundamental detail because it allows to reduce the electrical absorption. 11. System according to the preceding claims compatible with a single central solar system for the whole residential / commercial complex that can be used by each individual unit not only for the production of domestic hot water but also as an integration to the low temperature underfloor heating system. 12. System according to the preceding claims in which the components have been joined by three-piece joints to make the system completely demountable and facilitate any maintenance or replacement of the components of the module itself.