ITRM20100385A1 - PLANT FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION - Google Patents

PLANT FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION Download PDF

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Publication number
ITRM20100385A1
ITRM20100385A1 IT000385A ITRM20100385A ITRM20100385A1 IT RM20100385 A1 ITRM20100385 A1 IT RM20100385A1 IT 000385 A IT000385 A IT 000385A IT RM20100385 A ITRM20100385 A IT RM20100385A IT RM20100385 A1 ITRM20100385 A1 IT RM20100385A1
Authority
IT
Italy
Prior art keywords
plant according
plant
primary source
processing
mechanical system
Prior art date
Application number
IT000385A
Other languages
Italian (it)
Inventor
Marco Calcopietro
Tullio Caselli
Francesco Repetto
Original Assignee
Maya S R L
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maya S R L filed Critical Maya S R L
Priority to IT000385A priority Critical patent/ITRM20100385A1/en
Publication of ITRM20100385A1 publication Critical patent/ITRM20100385A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/205—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products in a fluidised-bed combustor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/067—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion heat coming from a gasification or pyrolysis process, e.g. coal gasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/26—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
    • F02C3/28—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/72—Application in combination with a steam turbine
    • F05D2220/722—Application in combination with a steam turbine as part of an integrated gasification combined cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/75—Application in combination with equipment using fuel having a low calorific value, e.g. low BTU fuel, waste end, syngas, biomass fuel or flare gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION

del Brevetto per Invenzione Industriale dal titolo: of the Patent for Industrial Invention entitled:

"IMPIANTO PER LA PRODUZIONE DI ENERGIA" "PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ENERGY"

La presente invenzione è relativa ad un impianto per la produzione di energia. The present invention relates to an energy production plant.

Generalmente, gli impianti per la produzione di energia sia elettrica sia termica coinvolgono una serie di dispositivi ausiliari, che per il loro funzionamento e controllo richiedono una alimentazione elettrica. Una tale necessità comporta necessariamente un consumo di energia elettrica che spesso può risultare particolarmente elevato soprattutto per gli impianti di piccola taglia. Generally, plants for the production of both electrical and thermal energy involve a series of auxiliary devices, which require an electrical power supply for their operation and control. Such a need necessarily entails a consumption of electrical energy which can often be particularly high especially for small-sized systems.

Un tale problema è particolarmente sentito negli impianti per la produzione di energia a partire da biomasse. Tali impianti possono prevedere l'utilizzo, ad esempio, di combustori a griglia fissa o mobile, di combustori a letto fluido, di gassificatori a letto fisso o fluido, di pirogassificatori, di pirolizzatori, di motori ad olio vegetale eco.. Such a problem is particularly felt in plants for the production of energy starting from biomass. Such systems may provide for the use, for example, of fixed or mobile grate combustors, fluidized bed combustors, fixed or fluidized bed gasifiers, pyrogasifiers, pyrolysers, eco vegetable oil engines.

In questa tipologia di impianti sono presenti diversi dispositivi ausiliari i quali richiedono un elevato consumo di energia elettrica, la quale o ricade nei costi di gestione dell'impianto o viene fornita dall'energia elettrica prodotta dall'impianto stesso traducendosi, così, in un mancato guadagno. In this type of systems there are various auxiliary devices which require a high consumption of electricity, which either falls within the management costs of the system or is supplied by the electricity produced by the system itself, thus translating into a failure. I earn.

Tali dispositivi ausiliari possono essere strettamente necessari al funzionamento dell'impianto, quali ad esempio pompe del motore, delle turbine e dei cicli, ventilatori per l'alimentazione dell'aria comburente, dell'aria di fluidificazione e dell'aria secondaria, oppure possono essere relativi a funzioni connesse all'impianto stesso ma non strettamente indispensabili per il suo funzionamento, quali ad esempio i dispositivi necessari alla movimentazione e trattamento combustibile, quelli connessi con il teleriscaldamento (ovvero i radiatori etc) e all'illuminazione . These auxiliary devices can be strictly necessary for the operation of the system, such as for example pumps for the engine, turbines and cycles, fans for the supply of combustion air, fluidization air and secondary air, or they can be relating to functions connected to the system itself but not strictly essential for its operation, such as for example the devices necessary for fuel handling and treatment, those connected with district heating (i.e. radiators, etc.) and lighting.

In particolare, nel caso in cui nell'impianto si utilizzi come generatore di corrente una turbina con fluido organico (turbina ORC), sono previsti una pluralità di dispositivi ausiliari azionati elettricamente e deputati specificatamente al funzionamento del modulo turbina ORC. In particular, in the case in which a turbine with organic fluid (ORC turbine) is used as a current generator, a plurality of electrically operated auxiliary devices are provided, specifically dedicated to the operation of the ORC turbine module.

Era quindi sentita l'esigenza di disporre di un impianto per la produzione di energia, le cui caratteristiche tecniche fossero in grado di limitare o di abbattere i consumi di energia elettrica dovuti ai dispositivi ausiliari sopra citati. The need was therefore felt to have an energy production plant, whose technical characteristics were able to limit or reduce the consumption of electricity due to the aforementioned auxiliary devices.

Oggetto della presente invenzione è un impianto per la produzioni di energia le cui caratteristiche essenziali sono riportate nella rivendicazione 1, e le cui caratteristiche preferite e/o ausiliari sono riportate nelle rivendicazioni 2-8. The object of the present invention is an energy production plant whose essential characteristics are reported in claim 1, and whose preferred and / or auxiliary characteristics are reported in claims 2-8.

Per una migliore comprensione dell'invenzione è riportato di seguito una forma di realizzazione a puro titolo illustrativo e non limitativo con l'ausilio della figura del disegno annesso, la quale è uno schema a blocchi in forma molto essenziale di un impianto per la produzione di energia secondo la presente invenzione. For a better understanding of the invention, an embodiment is given below for illustrative and non-limiting purposes with the aid of the figure in the annexed drawing, which is a block diagram in a very essential form of a plant for the production of energy according to the present invention.

In figura viene indicato nel suo complesso con 1 una forma di realizzazione dell'impianto per la produzione di energia oggetto della presente invenzione. In the figure, 1 indicates as a whole an embodiment of the plant for the production of energy object of the present invention.

L'impianto 1 comprende un combustore a letto fluido 2, una linea di conduzione dei gas di scarico 3 del combustore a letto fluido 2, uno scambiatore di calore 4, ed una turbina 5 connessa mediante un albero di trasmissione 6 ad un generatore di corrente 7 ed azionata dal vapore prodotto, una linea di ricircolo 8 dell'acqua dallo scambiatore di calore 4 alla turbina 5 e un camino 9 per l'abbattimento dei fumi che fuoriescono dallo scambiatore di calore 4. The plant 1 comprises a fluidized bed combustor 2, an exhaust gas conduction line 3 of the fluidized bed combustor 2, a heat exchanger 4, and a turbine 5 connected by means of a transmission shaft 6 to a current generator 7 and driven by the steam produced, a water recirculation line 8 from the heat exchanger 4 to the turbine 5 and a chimney 9 for abatement of the fumes that come out of the heat exchanger 4.

Il combustore a letto fluido 2 comprende una prima ventola 10 deputata all'alimentazione dell'aria di fluidificazione e combustione, una seconda ventola 11 deputata all'alimentazione dell'aria secondaria e una pompa 12 deputata all'alimentazione della biomassa in qualità di combustibile. La linea di ricircolo 8 dell'acqua comprende una pompa 13. The fluidized bed combustor 2 comprises a first fan 10 for feeding the fluidization and combustion air, a second fan 11 for feeding the secondary air and a pump 12 for feeding the biomass as fuel. The water recirculation line 8 includes a pump 13.

L'impianto 1 comprende un circuito oleodinamico 14 comprendente, a sua volta, una pompa 15 atta a qenerare la portata dell'olio nel circuito stesso e quattro motori oleodinamici 16, 17, 18 e 19 connessi rispettivamente alla prima ventola 10, alla seconda ventola 11, alla pompa 12 e alla pompa 13. The system 1 comprises an hydraulic circuit 14 comprising, in turn, a pump 15 adapted to generate the oil flow in the circuit itself and four hydraulic motors 16, 17, 18 and 19 connected respectively to the first fan 10, to the second fan 11, to pump 12 and to pump 13.

La pompa 15 è azionata da mezzi di trasmissione meccanica 20 quali ad esempio una cinqhia o una catena o un albero, connessi all'albero di trasmissione 6 della turbina 5 mediante una uscita di potenza meccanica 21. The pump 15 is operated by mechanical transmission means 20 such as for example a belt or a chain or a shaft, connected to the transmission shaft 6 of the turbine 5 by means of a mechanical power output 21.

Il circuito oleodinamico 14 comprenderà ovviamente tutti queqli elementi (noti e non descritti in dettaqlio per semplicità) atti a qarantire il corretto funzionamento dello stesso. Inoltre, l'impianto 1 può comprendere un sistema di automazione e controllo del circuito oleodinamico per realizzare anche le funzioni di controllo e reqolazione dei vari azionamenti ausiliari e/o accessori. The oleodynamic circuit 14 will obviously comprise all those elements (known and not described in detail for the sake of simplicity) suitable for guaranteeing its correct operation. Furthermore, the plant 1 can comprise an automation and control system of the hydraulic circuit to also perform the control and adjustment functions of the various auxiliary drives and / or accessories.

Nel caso in cui i mezzi per la generazione di energia comprendano una turbina ORC, i dispositivi ausiliari utili al funzionamento del suo modulo saranno comandati da rispettivi motori oleodinamici compresi in un circuito oleodinamico del tipo di quello sopra descritto. If the means for generating energy comprise an ORC turbine, the auxiliary devices useful for the operation of its module will be controlled by respective hydraulic motors included in an hydraulic circuit of the type described above.

In alternativa a quanto descritto sopra, la presente invenzione può prevedere l'utilizzo di mezzi per l'elaborazione di una fonte primaria differente dal combustore a letto fluido, quali ad esempio combustori a griglia fissa e mobile, gassificatori a letto fisso e mobile, pirogassificatori, oppure mezzi di generazione dell'energia differenti dalla turbina a vapore, quali ad esempio una turbina a fluido organico ORC, una turbina a gas, motori alternativi, e mezzi di trasmissione meccanica differenti dal circuito oleodinamico, quali ad esempio una trasmissione a cinghia o a catena o ad albero, un circuito pneumatico, un circuito a vapore. L'impianto della presente invenzione offre il vantaggio di governare i dispositivi ausiliari o accessori mediante un sistema oleodinamico o meccanico senza, quindi, l'utilizzo di energia elettrica con gli ovvi vantaggi economici che questo comporta. As an alternative to what has been described above, the present invention can provide for the use of means for processing a primary source other than the fluidized bed combustor, such as for example fixed and mobile grate combustors, fixed and mobile bed gasifiers, pyrogasifiers. , or power generation means different from the steam turbine, such as for example an ORC organic fluid turbine, a gas turbine, reciprocating engines, and mechanical transmission means different from the hydraulic circuit, such as for example a belt or a chain or shaft, a pneumatic circuit, a steam circuit. The plant of the present invention offers the advantage of controlling the auxiliary or accessory devices by means of an oleodynamic or mechanical system without, therefore, the use of electrical energy with the obvious economic advantages that this entails.

Claims (8)

RIVENDICAZIONI 1. Impianto (1) per la produzione di energia elettrica o termica comprendente mezzi di elaborazione della fonte primaria (2), mezzi di generazione di energia (5, 6, 7) e mezzi di trasformazione (4, 8) atti a garantire il funzionamento dei mezzi di generazione di energia (5, 6, 7)mediante l'utilizzo di prodotti ottenuti dai detti mezzi di elaborazione della fonte primaria (2); il detto impianto essendo caratterizzato dal fatto di comprendere un sistema meccanico (14) atto a garantire il funzionamento di una pluralità di dispositivi ausiliari (10, 11, 12, 13) utili al funzionamento dei mezzi di elaborazione della fonte primaria (2), dei mezzi di trasformazione (4, 8) e dei mezzi di generazione dell'energia (5, 6, 7). CLAIMS 1. Plant (1) for the production of electrical or thermal energy comprising means of processing the primary source (2), means of generating energy (5, 6, 7) and means of transformation (4, 8) suitable for guaranteeing the operation of the energy generation means (5, 6, 7) by using products obtained from said primary source processing means (2); said system being characterized by the fact that it comprises a mechanical system (14) adapted to guarantee the operation of a plurality of auxiliary devices (10, 11, 12, 13) useful for the operation of the means for processing the primary source (2), of the means of transformation (4, 8) and means of energy generation (5, 6, 7). 2. Impianto secondo la rivendicazione 1, caratterizzato dal fatto che il detto sistema meccanico (14) è azionato da un albero rotante (6) connesso ai detti mezzi di generazione di energia (7). 2. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that said mechanical system (14) is driven by a rotating shaft (6) connected to said power generation means (7). 3. Impianto secondo la rivendicazione 2, caratterizzato dal fatto che i mezzi di elaborazione della fonte primaria (2) sono atti al trattamento di biomasse. 3. Plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for processing the primary source (2) are suitable for treating biomass. 4. Impianto secondo la rivendicazione 2 o 3, caratterizzato dal fatto che i mezzi di generazione dell'energia comprendono una turbina (5) connessa mediante un albero di trasmissione (6) ad un generatore di corrente (7); il detto sistema meccanico (14) essendo connesso e azionato dal detto albero di trasmissione (6). 4. Plant according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the power generation means comprise a turbine (5) connected by means of a transmission shaft (6) to a current generator (7); the said mechanical system (14) being connected and operated by the said transmission shaft (6). 5. Impianto secondo la rivendicazione 2 o 3, caratterizzato dal fatto che i mezzi di generazione dell'energia comprendono una turbina a fluido organico i cui dispositivi ausiliari utili al funzionamento del modulo sono azionati dal detto sistema meccanico. 5. Plant according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the power generation means comprise an organic fluid turbine whose auxiliary devices useful for the operation of the module are operated by said mechanical system. 6. Impianto secondo la rivendicazione 4 o 5, caratterizzato dal fatto che il detto sistema meccanico è un circuito oleodinamico, o un circuito pneumatico o a vapore (14). 6. Plant according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that said mechanical system is an oleodynamic circuit, or a pneumatic or steam circuit (14). 7. Impianto secondo la rivendicazione 6, caratterizzato dal fatto che il detto circuito oleodinamico (14) comprende una pompa (15) connessa al detto albero rotante (6) mediante un elemento di trasmissione meccanica (20). 7. Plant according to claim 6, characterized in that said hydraulic circuit (14) comprises a pump (15) connected to said rotating shaft (6) by means of a mechanical transmission element (20). 8. Impianto secondo una delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che i mezzi di elaborazione della fonte primaria (2) comprendono un combustore a letto fluido.Plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the processing means of the primary source (2) comprise a fluidized bed combustor.
IT000385A 2010-07-13 2010-07-13 PLANT FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION ITRM20100385A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000385A ITRM20100385A1 (en) 2010-07-13 2010-07-13 PLANT FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000385A ITRM20100385A1 (en) 2010-07-13 2010-07-13 PLANT FOR ENERGY PRODUCTION

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ITRM20100385A1 true ITRM20100385A1 (en) 2012-01-14

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4569194A (en) * 1979-08-27 1986-02-11 General Electric Company Integrated coal-fired gas turbine power plant
WO2003072384A1 (en) * 2002-02-25 2003-09-04 Outfitter Energy, Inc Waste heat solar energy system
WO2009010023A2 (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 Gammel Engineering Gmbh Device and method for the generation of power heat
DE102008011771A1 (en) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH IGCC power plant with flue gas recirculation and purge gas

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4569194A (en) * 1979-08-27 1986-02-11 General Electric Company Integrated coal-fired gas turbine power plant
WO2003072384A1 (en) * 2002-02-25 2003-09-04 Outfitter Energy, Inc Waste heat solar energy system
WO2009010023A2 (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 Gammel Engineering Gmbh Device and method for the generation of power heat
DE102008011771A1 (en) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH IGCC power plant with flue gas recirculation and purge gas

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