ITRC20100001A1 - FIRE ALARM SYSTEM FOR BUILDING EVACUATION - Google Patents

Description

SMART FIRE

the fire alarm system for evacuation from buildings

1. Field of invention

The present invention generally refers to a fire alarm system for evacuation from buildings, which alerts individuals within the aforementioned protected area of the presence of an emergency situation. More in detail, the present idea refers to the interaction between smoke and gas detectors and generically indicators of an emergency state inside the protected premises, with the audible and visible notification devices and actuation devices located inside the same premises, in which the activation of both the audible and visible and actuation devices is ordered in response to the activation of the detectors or emergency indicators.

In particular, sounds, lights and messages inform and guide the occupants to evacuate the building or to safety areas. The fire-fighting evacuation system is also designed to calculate, for each physical location of interest in the building, the minimum evacuation route or to safe areas that minimize the distribution of occupant flows, in order to direct and accompany people as soon as possible and without generating congestion situations towards safety areas and / or exits.

2. Technical field

All fire alarm systems used in buildings are intended to safeguard material assets and, more importantly, to save lives. They include a number of components including devices such as heat sensors, smoke sensors, manual alarm indicators and audible, visible indicators and actuation devices.

The range of indicators goes from audio devices such as loudspeakers, bells, trumpets, sirens, etc. to visual devices such as incandescent lights, strobe lights, exit lights, information panels that display useful information to the occupants, etc. Furthermore, the range of actuation devices includes electromechanical and electrical devices for automatic closing of fire doors, gas closing, etc.

For example, a first solution for a generic fire alarm system consists of a number of horns, sirens, bells, and / or voice message devices, which are strategically placed within the building and are connected to the control panel of the fire system. Upon detection of smoke or fire, audible devices would activate and serve as audible indicators for an emergency situation.

A second solution may include the use of strobe lights and indicator lights and, like audible devices, are connected to the control system in order to serve as visual indicators for an emergency situation. Among the luminous indicators, we can also think of directional devices such as tubes crossed by a serpentine of lights which, like a luminescent arrow, direct the occupants.

A third solution derives from the complementarity of the first two solutions described above and has the objective of combining them both. In fact, the various visible devices have a different impact than that of the audible devices. For example, strobe light can better inform deaf people about the presence of an emergency. In addition, the light is particularly effective in night or dark situations or when the individual is outside the range covered by the audible device (s). This is especially true in the presence of malfunctions of the sound device (s). As a result of the possibility of mechanical failure, many fire alarm systems include several strobe lights. 11 vice versa is also valid.

The arrangement of devices in a building is generally determined by a variety of factors such as floor plans, entrances, room locations, elevators, exits, fire walls, fire doors, etc. In addition, some buildings have a greater ability to reflect sound and / or light.

The operating characteristics of the sound and visual signals determine the perception of how they are received by the occupants. These characteristics include the intensity and frequency of the sound, the color of the light and its intensity, the duration of the flash and the repetition rate of the flash. Different buildings and environments require different needs.

The primary purpose of a generic fire alarm system is to alert occupants and evacuate them or get them to safety. In general, the sound of one or more alarm tones or pre-recorded voice messages accompanied by flashing lights can serve for this purpose, but it is not always exhaustive.

We now propose a practical example of what a fire extinguishing system can do. Let's try to imagine a customer of a hotel who hears an evacuation signal in the middle of the night (obviously this is to better contextualize the example, but it does not limit or benefit the fire alarm system we propose compared to the existing ones) ; opening the door of his room he must decide whether to go to the left or to the right of the entrance; to save himself he has a 50% chance of going in the correct direction. If it chooses the wrong direction, it could fall directly on the fire, so a wrong decision could lead to toxic exposure and be fatal.

Consequently, it is desirable to provide a system that can precisely indicate a direct path to a safe point in an emergency situation.

2.1. Flow graph and network

With our idea, the fire evacuation system is responsible for calculating, for each physical location of interest in the building, the minimum evacuation route or towards safe areas that minimize the distribution of occupant flows, in order to direct and accompany people as quickly as possible and without generating congestion situations towards safety areas and / or exits.

The solution to this problem, of considerable practical importance, can be modeled through graphs or flow networks.

Notations and definitions

A graph G is generally defined by a set of nodes N and a set of arcs A. An arc is defined by a pair of nodes, called extremes of the arc.

An arc is defined as oriented or directional if it is an ordered pair of nodes that can be graphically represented as an arrow drawn between the two nodes. In this ordered pair of nodes, the first node is defined as initial node or tail: the second node is defined as terminal node or vertex (this is because this node appears at the head of the arrow-) ·

An arc is defined as undirected if the pair of nodes that define it are interchangeable nodes: these nodes do not report any direction.

If the pairs of nodes that define the arcs are undirected, the graph is said to be undirected. Figure 1 shows the representation of the undirected graph G = (N, A), JV = {1,2, 3, 4, 5}, A = {{1,2}, {1,4}, {1 , 5}, {2,3}, {2, 4}, {3,4}, {4,5}}.

Figure 1: an undirected graph

Conversely, if the pairs of nodes that define the arcs are oriented, the graph is said to be oriented. Figure 2 shows the representation of the directed graph G = (Î, Î '), N = {1,2, 3, 4, 5}, A = {(1,2), (1,4), (1 , 5), (2,3), (2,4), (4,2), (4,3), (4,5), (5,4)}.

Figure 2: an oriented graph

Consider an oriented arc o = (i, j), node i is called the tail of the arc a, while the node j is called the head of the arc a. A graph is simple if it does not have multiple arcs (arcs with the same head and tail) and rings (arcs with the head equal to the tail); in particular a directed graph G = (N, A) is simple if for each pair of edges of A, a = (i, j) and a- (h, k), i / h or jâ ‰ k; also iâ ‰ j, and hâ ‰ k.

We now introduce some definitions, useful for the understanding of the following formulations, relating to oriented graphs which can however be extended to the case of undirected graphs wherever the orientation is not relevant.

Outgoing star: FS (i) = {iETV, jeTV: (ij) e A}.

Incoming star: BS (j) = {iETV, j £ TV: (ij) E A}.

A possible modeling for our application domain can be represented by a graph G defined by a set of TV nodes, the points of interest, which will be the physical locations of interest and the safe points such as exits or safe collection points, and a set of arches A, which represent suitable evacuation routes, or towards safe points, which exist between a generic point of interest and another, according to the building plan.

Minimum cost flow

The minimum cost flow problem is a very general network optimization problem: both the maximum / minimum flow problem and the shortest path tree problem can be seen as special cases of the minimum cost flow problem.

In detail, the shortest path tree is a small modification to the model for finding the shortest path between two nodes. We can formulate the problem of finding the set of shortest paths from a node r (root) to all the other nodes of the graph. This set of shortest paths is called the shortest-path tree with root r. It is called a tree because the set of shortest paths does not contain cycles.

Furthermore, the maximum / minimum flow problem consists in finding the maximum / minimum flow that can be sent from a source node to a sink node (according to the definition below !, respecting the capacity of each arc and not allowing dispersions in the intermediate nodes .

A flow network is specified by a directed graph G = (N, A), each node i G N is associated with a value b, (called node budget), each arc (ij) has the unit cost Cye associated a Uyche capacity limits the maximum amount of flow that can pass through. The balances at the nodes regulate the flow on the network. A node with budget b; = 0 is called a transit node, since it does not require or offer any flow; a node with b, <0 is called origin node (or source) since it makes available to the flow; a knot with b; > 0 is called destination node (or well) as it requires flow. Pit nodes can represent the exits or safety points of the building. In the following we will assume that the overall balance of the network is zero, that is, that the sum of the bj is equal to zero. With suitable precautions, we can always lead back to a case of a network with a total budget of zero.

The minimum cost flow problem consists in determining the flow on the network arcs so that all the available flow starts from the sources, all the required flow arrives at the destinations, the capacity of the arcs are not exceeded and the overall cost of the flow on the arcs is minimal. Using the Xy flow variables on arcs, the formulation of the problem is as follows:

We observe that the problem of the shortest path tree (for example finding the minimum evacuation path from a generic point of interest) can be seen as a minimum cost flow problem in which the costs of the arcs are given by the lengths, capacities of the arcs are unlimited and the balances at the nodes are: for the root of the tree r we have an offer of N-l unit of flow, therefore br = - (N-1), while for all the other nodes i we have a request for a unit of flow, so bi = 1.

With the maximum / minimum flow problem in the second and more general formulation, we have a so-called minimum cost flow circulation problem. In fact, all the balances at the nodes are zero. What makes it convenient to circulate flow with respect to a null solution is the objective function. In the case of the maximum / minimum flow we can set the cost of all arcs to 0 except for the fictitious return arc (t, s) for which we set the cost to -1. In this case we will try to find an evacuation route that maximizes / minimizes the flow from a source point to the destination, which can be an exit or a safe point.

3. Summary of the invention

The foregoing needs are generally satisfied by the present invention, which provides a minimal, direct and punctual path to a safety or exit point in an emergency situation which minimizes the distribution of occupant flows.

In accordance with one aspect of this idea, a fire alarm system is provided, comprising: (1) a controller, (2) a set of manual alarm detectors and / or indicators, (3) a variety of indicators such as devices audible and / or visible, (4) a series of actuation devices, (5) a series of motion sensors and presence indicators.

In particular, motion sensors and presence indicators are connected to the controller and can serve as occupant flow detectors. In the case of motion sensors, they can serve the automatic detection of individuals: while the presence indicators can also be considered as manual input indicators activated by the individuals themselves in order to signal their presence inside the premises (for example example to signal trapped persons! In addition, smart phones and tablet PCs connected to the central system can also be thought of as presence indicators, signaling a request for help.

More in detail, three types are defined for audible and visible devices:

â– General: precisely all those devices that give general information on an alarm state. For audible devices, they can be bells, trumpets, sirens, etc; instead, the visual devices can be incandescent lights, strobe lights, exit lights, etc.

â € ¢ Information: are all those devices that inform the occupants of a building about where the fire (s) may be or in general give more detailed information with respect to the indefinite state of alarm. As for the audible devices, they can be loudspeakers that communicate the location of the fire (s), or they can also be intercoms or telephones which, in an emergency, can be means of informing the occupants with automatic messages. Instead, the visual devices can be monitors that indicate where the fire (s) is located, etc.

â € ¢ Directional: these are devices that indicate an evacuation direction or to safe and / or meeting points. For audible devices they can be loudspeakers which, placed in appropriate points that do not create ambiguity (for example before exiting a door), specify the direction to take (for example right, left, straight), etc. Instead, the visual devices can be luminous arrows, tubes crossed by a luminous coil which, like a luminescent arrow, direct the occupants, etc.

An audible or visible device can also belong to more than one type. An example can be a loudspeaker that is of an informative type, since it provides an indication of the location of the fire or / i, and of a directional type, as it gives an evacuation direction.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the fire alarm system is equipped with different functions with reference to figure 3:

1) Assigning an identification address to each detector, manual alarm indicator (330), to indicators such as audible devices (355), to indicators such as visual devices (345), to actuation devices (<'> 360 <'>) . and motion sensors and presence indicators (370);

2) Memorization of the aforementioned addresses in memory (320);

3) Correlation of each identifying address to a physical location of interest, hereinafter referred to as point of interest;

4) Creation of a graph G defined by a set of nodes N, which are a subset of the points of interest, and a set of arcs A, which represent suitable evacuation routes, or towards safe points; such suitable paths exist between a generic point of interest and another, according to the building plan;

5) Definition of the exits and safe meeting points, hereinafter referred to as safe points, and their connection, if missing, to graph G previously defined; For clarity, safe points are also considered points of interest;

6) Definition of the typology of audible devices (355) and of visual devices (345) according to the definitions (346.347.348) for visible devices (345) and (356.357.358) for audible devices (355) ;

7) specification possibility Static definition of an entry flow for each point of interest:

the specification of an entry flow for a point of interest defines the node as a source, according to what is described in paragraph 2.1, and this flow indicates approximately how many people are in the vicinity of that point (for example, considering a point of interest such as a room in an office, its static flow of entry is defined by the number of people working inside the considered room !:

8) Memorization of the optimal, or nearly so, directional routes for evacuation or generally towards safe points, which take into account every point of interest (or almost according to the design choices) all or almost all, depending on the design choices, the points of interest in the building; an optimal path can be defined as such if it is the minimum evacuation path (which respects the minimization of the distribution of the flows of the occupants inside the building); for clarity, an optimal initial directional path can be considered the one defined by the fire brigade at the issue of the building practicability certification.

9) Activation of all â € œgeneralâ € type indicators (346.356) and of the implementation devices;

10) Activation of the actuation devices (360);

40) J_l) Signaling of a point of interest as â € œin alarmâ € consequently to detectors or manual indicators (330) â € œin alarmâ € associated with that point;

+4) 12)

to. For each point of interest â € œin alarmâ €, calculation of new minimum evacuation routes from the â € œin alarmâ € point towards safe points, which minimize the in accordance with the minimization of the flow of occupants in the building:

b. For each â € œin alarmâ € point of interest, calculation of new minimum evacuation routes from the â € œin alarmâ € point to the nearest non-alarmed points of interest, in accordance with minimizing the flow of occupants in the building:

43) J_3) Activation of all â € œdirectionalâ € devices (347. 357) which will signal the evacuation direction according to the calculated routes and / or according to the previously stored routes;

43) 44) Sending information to be displayed / communicated to all â € œinformativeâ € devices (348. 358) with different levels of alarming; the alarm level depends on the distance of the point of interest associated with the â € œinformativeâ € indicator from the nearest â € œin alarmâ € point of interest, for example, a different alarm level may be associated with a different frequency of the alarm tone. alarm from a siren, from less intense to more intense, or at a different frequency of illumination or intensity of the flashing of an intermittent light;

15) Monitoring and acquisition of occupant flows through devices such as motion sensors (3701:

16) Monitoring and acquisition of the presence of individuals inside the protected area through presence indicators (3701. They can be buttons activated manually by individuals trapped in certain positions. Furthermore, as presence indicators they can also be thought of as smart phones and tablet PCs connected to the central system, signaling a distress call from people who are trapped or in difficulty.

17) Indication of the presence of individuals in certain areas and indication of the flows of occupants.

18) The controller Î “310) can be connected through a remote connection (for example, a secure Internet connection) and provide the possibility of activating the alarm system remotely. In this way, for example, the firefighters could activate the evacuation system in the event of environmental disasters, such as an earthquake etc. In addition, firefighters could remotely monitor the situation, in particular, by monitoring the flows of occupants and detecting individuals trapped or in need of help.

The functionalities indicated in points d2.al and fl2.b) can be considered alternatively one to the other, according to the design choices or according to the computational load to be supported by the system. In fact, it is evident that the function at point (12.a) is computationally more onerous than the function at point fl2.bV

In addition, as specified in point (11) at points n2.al and fl2.b), the evacuation routes to safe points are dynamic, since they are calculated for all â € œin alarmâ € points of interest; this means that the evacuation routes are dependent on the initial place (s) of the fire (s) and on its / their spread.

In accordance with another aspect of the present idea, the fire alarm system is equipped with all the hardware and software means for the implementation and execution of the aforementioned functions.

Up to now, the realization of the invention has been dealt with in outline, so that the detailed description of the same, set out below, can be better understood, and so that the contribution to the state of the art can be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional embodiments of the invention described below which are related to the subject matter of claim herein reported.

In this regard, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it must be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the construction details and arrangement of the components described below or illustrated in the images. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described here and can be concretized in various ways. Finally, it should be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed here are for description purposes only and should not be considered limiting.

As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception on which this description is based can already be used as a basis for the design of other structures, methods and systems that carry out the several purposes of the present idea. It is therefore important that the claims be considered including such equivalent constructions, insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

4. Brief description of the figures

Figure 1 represents an undirected erafo G.

Figure 2 represents an oriented G graph.

Figure 3 represents a diagram of a fire suppression system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating the functionalities that can be followed according to the implementation of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is the continuation of the flowchart illustrated in Figure 4, Figure 5 illustrates the functionalities that can be followed according to the implementation of Figure 3.

5. Detailed description

The invention will now be described with reference to the figures, in accordance with the reference numbers shown thereon.

With reference to Figure 3, a realization according to our idea is provided with a controller (310) that manages alarm regrets correlated with a memory (320) where all the information necessary for the functioning of our invention will be stored, such as points of interest, safe points, graph, identification addresses and their correlation with points of interest, etc. The fire extinguishing system is also supplied with a series of manual alarm indicators and smoke and / or gas and / or heat detectors (330). The system is associated with a series of actuation devices (360) and a multiplicity of indicators such as audible devices (355) and visible devices (345) divided according to the types listed in the previous paragraph such as general devices (346, 356), directional devices (347 , 357) and informative (348, 358). Finally, the movement sensors (370) which can serve as automatic detectors of the occupant flow are connected to the system; in fact, these sensors can give indications, following the arrival of the fire brigade, as to where the people who are stuck in the building are. These devices can be manually activated buttons or even smart phones and tablet PCs connected to the central system (310) through which people in need send requests for help. The fire-fighting evacuation system (300) is designed to calculate the minimum evacuation route or to safe points that minimize the distribution of occupant flows inside the structure, in order to direct and accompany people in the shortest possible time. and without generating congestion situations towards safety areas and / or exits. The fire-fighting system (300) also has the ability to react and be dynamic to the dynamics of the danger, however much the fire may evolve and grow, in order to lead the occupants safely.

In another construction of the present idea, the controller (310) can be connected through a remote connection (for example, a secure Internet connection) and provide the ability to activate the alarm system remotely. In this way, for example, the firefighters could activate the evacuation system in the event of environmental disasters, such as an earthquake, etc. In addition, firefighters could remotely monitor the situation, in particular, by monitoring the flows of occupants by detecting individuals trapped or in need of help.

in a later embodiment of the present idea the alarm system (300) can provide a service through the wireless connection (for example, using a secure protocol) to provide evacuation indications in case of emergency. In fact, the controller (310) could give evacuation indications or information through specific graphic interfaces that the user could view on his smart phone or on his tablet PC. These graphic interfaces could reside on software applications that the user has previously installed (for example, upon arrival at the hotel by downloading an application for their smart phone.

With reference to Figures 3, 4 and 5, the operations are described below.

â € ¢ 405: the controller (310) assigns an identification address to each detector or manual alarm indicator (330), to each indicator such as audible device (355), visual device (345), actuation device (360), sensor movement and presence indicator (<'> 3701.

â € ¢ 410: all addresses are stored in memory (320).

â € ¢ 415: each address is correlated with a point of interest by the controller (310) or by the system designer and stored in memory (320).

â € ¢ 420: the controller (310) or the designer creates a graph G defined by a set of nodes N, which are a subset of the points of interest, and a set of arcs A, which represent suitable evacuation routes, or towards the safe points, which exist between two generic points of interest, according to the building plan.

â € ¢ 425: the safe points are defined, and their connections, if missing, to the graph G previously defined; safe points are also considered points of interest.

â € ¢ 430: their types (346, 347, 348, 356, 357, 358) are defined for the visual (345) and audio (355) indicators.

â– 435: for each point of interest the designer can define a static flow of entry for the point in question. For clarity, a static flow indicates approximately how many people are in the vicinity of that point (for example, considering a point of interest such as an office room, its static flow of entry is defined by the number of people working at the interior of the room considered !.

â € ¢ 440: the designer or controller (310) stores in memory (320) the static evacuation routes or generically towards safe points. For the sake of clarity, an initial static directional path can be considered as the one defined by the fire brigade at the issue of the building practicability certification,

Features (4051 to (440) are the features of the 13001 system initialization phase.

â € ¢ 445: The controller (310) monitors the alarm detectors (330) until even one signals a fire (450).

â € ¢ 455: in the case of even a single detector in alarm, all general type indicators (346, 356) and all actuation devices (360) are activated.

â € ¢ 460: the controller (310) marks in the memory (320) the point of interest associated with the detector in alarm (330) as â € œin alarmâ €.

â € ¢ The steps (465) and the sequence (470, 475, 480 and 4851) are implemented at the same time.

o 465: all information type indicators (348, 358) are sent information to display / communicate about, for example, the location of the fire or, in the event of more than one fire, about the location of the nearest one. The information can be given with different levels of alarm: from low in the event of a distant fire, to high in the event of a fire in the immediate vicinity. For greater clarity, for example, a different alarm level can be associated with a different frequency of the alarm tone of a siren, from less intense to more intense, or with a different frequency of illumination or intensity of the flashing of an intermittent light.

o 470: this step is optional and in parallel with step (475). The GIOÃ controller monitors and acquires the flows of the occupants inside the protected area. This is done dynamically through the motion sensors (3701. or statically according to the specification defined in step (435).

o 475: this step is optional and in parallel with step (4701 The controller (3101 monitors and acquires data from the presence indicators (370) to the interior of the protected area. They (<'> 370 <â € ™ >) can be pushbuttons activated manually by individuals trapped in certain positions. In addition, smart phones and tablet PCs can also be thought of as presence indicators connected to the central system, signaling a request for help from trapped or distressed people.

o 470 480: for each “in alarm” point of interest, the controller (310) calculates new minimum evacuation routes from the “in alarm” point to safe points that minimize the flow of occupants. This flux can be computed either according to the specification defined at tip 475, - yet - automatically through the motion sensors 370 calculated dynamically through the motion sensors (370). or statically according to the specification defined in step (435).

o 476 485: the controller (3101 activates all the directional type devices (347, 357) are - activated by the controller -310- signaling that they will signal the direction according to the new calculated paths and / or according to the paths previously stored in step ( 440).

48G 495: the controller (310) continues to monitor the detectors (330) in alarm (step 4901 and if there are any active on points of interest previously not â € œin alarmâ €, it restarts from step (460).

Claims (3)

Claims ? 1. A method of guided evacuation for people inside a protected area during an emergency condition including several functions: T a. Assigning an identification address to each at least one detector, to a manual alarm indicator (330), to an indicator as an audible device (355). to an indicator as a visible device (345) and to an actuation device (360); 3⁄4 k Memorization of the aforementioned addresses, previous ountoâ € aâ €. in memory (320): 3T C. Correlation of each identifying address to a physical location of interest, hereinafter referred to as point of interest: 4r d. Creation of a graph G defined by a set of nodes N, which are a subset of the points of interest, and a set of arcs A, which represent suitable evacuation routes, or towards safe points, which exist between a generic point of interest and another, according to the building plan: in detail, a path exists between two points of interest if, according to the building plan, there is a viable path between the two $ 7 and. Definition of the exits and safe meeting points, hereinafter referred to as safe points, and their connection, if missing, to graph G defined in the previous point â € œdâ €; safe points are also considered points of interest. f. Definition of the typology of audible devices (355) and visible devices (345) according to the definitions (346, 347, 348) for visible devices (345) and (356.357.358) for audible devices (355): g. Static creation and memorization of standard evacuation directional routes or generally towards safe points, which take into account all or almost all the points of interest in the area (440): Ã © rh. Signaling of a point of interest as â € œin alarmâ € corresponding to detectors or manual indicators (330) â € œin alarmâ € associated with that point; the. Activation of all â € œgeneralâ € devices (346.3561: ^ j. For each “on alarm” point of interest, calculation of new minimum evacuation routes from the “on alarm” point to safe points; & k. Activation of devices for signaling the evacuation direction or towards safe points according to the calculated â € œdirectionalâ € routes (347.3571 which will signal the evacuation direction according to the calculated routes. 2. A method according to claim 1. where in point â € œiâ € there is the functionality: to. For each â € œin alarmâ € point of interest, calculation of new minimum evacuation routes from the â € œin alarmâ € point to the nearest â € œnot alarmedâ € points of interest. A method according to claims 1 or 2. further comprising the functionality: a. Static specification of an inlet flow for each point of interest: the specification of an inlet flow for a point of interest defines the node as the source, according to what is described in paragraph 2.1. and this flow indicates approximately how many people are in the vicinity of that point and / or on the actuation devices. A method according to claims 1 or 2. further comprising the functionality: to. Activation of the actuation devices Î "360). 5. A method according to claims 1 or 2 or 3. further comprising the functionality: to. The calculation of new minimum evacuation routes from an â € œin alarmâ € point towards safe points or towards the nearest â € œnot alarmedâ € points of interest is performed by pursuing the minimization of the flow of occupants inside the area . A method according to claims 1 or 2, further comprising the functionality: a. Activation of the â € œinformativeâ € devices (348.3581 which will provide information on the state of the alarm). 7. A method according to claims 1 or 2. where as an alternative to the functionality described in point â € œgâ € of claim 1 there is the functionality: to. Creation and memorization of the optimal, or nearly so, directional routes for evacuation or generally towards safe points, which take into account all or almost all the points of interest in the area: an optimal route can be defined as such if it is the route minimum evacuation that respects the minimization of the distribution of flows of the occupants inside the area · 8. A method according to claim 5. further comprising the functionality: to. Automatic acquisition of the flows of the occupants inside the protected area through the 13701 movement sensors.