ITMI20122083A1 - MULTI-FUNCTION PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH TYPE OF MODULE - Google Patents
MULTI-FUNCTION PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH TYPE OF MODULE Download PDFInfo
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- ITMI20122083A1 ITMI20122083A1 IT002083A ITMI20122083A ITMI20122083A1 IT MI20122083 A1 ITMI20122083 A1 IT MI20122083A1 IT 002083 A IT002083 A IT 002083A IT MI20122083 A ITMI20122083 A IT MI20122083A IT MI20122083 A1 ITMI20122083 A1 IT MI20122083A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/24—Arrangements connected with buildings, doors, windows, or the like
- A01M1/245—Arrangements connected with buildings, doors, windows, or the like for pesticide application or distribution, e.g. using a network of pipes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/10—Supporting structures directly fixed to the ground
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/30—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules comprising thin-film photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/31—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules comprising thin-film photovoltaic cells having multiple laterally adjacent thin-film photovoltaic cells deposited on the same substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
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- H10F77/147—Shapes of bodies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/16—Material structures, e.g. crystalline structures, film structures or crystal plane orientations
- H10F77/169—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates
- H10F77/1698—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates the metallic or insulating substrates being flexible
- H10F77/1699—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates the metallic or insulating substrates being flexible the films including Group I-III-VI materials, e.g. CIS or CIGS on metal foils or polymer foils
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/541—CuInSe2 material PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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Description
MODULO FOTOVOLTAICO MULTI-FUNZIONE E IMPIANTO FOTOVOLTAICO COMPRENDENTE TALE TIPO DI MODULO MULTI-FUNCTION PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM INCLUDING THIS TYPE OF MODULE
La presente invenzione riguarda i moduli fotovoltaici, ed in particolare un modulo fotovoltaico multi-funzione che può fungere anche da copertura protettiva per la superficie al di sotto della struttura portante nella quale à ̈ inserito tale tipo di modulo. The present invention relates to photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a multi-function photovoltaic module which can also act as a protective cover for the surface below the load-bearing structure in which this type of module is inserted.
Come à ̈ noto, un modulo fotovoltaico à ̈ composto da elementi fotovoltaici montati su un telaio di supporto ed in grado di convertire direttamente l'energia solare incidente in energia elettrica mediante effetto fotovoltaico. Un tale modulo à ̈ tipicamente impiegato come generatore di corrente in un impianto fotovoltaico che deve essere collocato in una posizione in cui riceva il massimo irraggiamento solare possibile, pertanto le collocazioni tipiche preferite sono sulle coperture degli edifici (tetti, terrazzi, etc.) o in spazi aperti. Nel primo caso si utilizzano spazi in genere inutilizzati ma solitamente disagevoli da raggiungere per l’installazione e la manutenzione dell’impianto, mentre nel secondo caso spesso una grande estensione superficiale di terreno viene sottratta ad altri usi quali le coltivazioni. As is known, a photovoltaic module is composed of photovoltaic elements mounted on a support frame and capable of directly converting the incident solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. Such a module is typically used as a current generator in a photovoltaic system that must be placed in a position where it receives the maximum possible solar radiation, therefore the typical preferred locations are on the roofs of buildings (roofs, terraces, etc.) or in open spaces. In the first case, spaces that are generally unused but usually difficult to reach for installation and maintenance of the system are used, while in the second case often a large surface area of land is subtracted from other uses such as crops.
In altri casi l’impianto può essere integrato in una struttura avente una specifica funzione di copertura, ovvero à ̈ la stessa struttura portante dell’impianto nella quale sono inseriti i moduli fotovoltaici che costituisce, ad esempio, le falde di un tetto oppure una tettoia per un parcheggio. Questo tipo di struttura integrata à ̈ però una struttura fissa, con l’inconveniente di non essere adattabile a diverse funzioni a seconda delle circostanze. In other cases, the system can be integrated into a structure having a specific roofing function, that is, it is the same supporting structure of the system in which the photovoltaic modules are inserted which constitutes, for example, the pitches of a roof or a canopy for a parking space. This type of integrated structure is however a fixed structure, with the drawback of not being adaptable to different functions depending on the circumstances.
Scopo della presente invenzione à ̈ quindi quello di fornire un modulo fotovoltaico che supera i suddetti inconvenienti. Tale scopo viene conseguito per mezzo di un modulo fotovoltaico costituito da una pluralità di elementi fotovoltaici cilindrici montati paralleli tra longheroni di estremità con una distanza tra elementi adiacenti che à ̈ sostanzialmente pari alla loro larghezza, detti elementi essendo divisi in due metà lungo un piano longitudinale contenente i longheroni ed avendo una prima metà che à ̈ mobile rispetto alla seconda metà in una direzione parallela all’asse longitudinale dei longheroni. The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a photovoltaic module which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks. This purpose is achieved by means of a photovoltaic module consisting of a plurality of cylindrical photovoltaic elements mounted parallel between end longitudinal members with a distance between adjacent elements which is substantially equal to their width, said elements being divided into two halves along a longitudinal plane. containing the side members and having a first half which is movable with respect to the second half in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the side members.
Il vantaggio principale del modulo fotovoltaico secondo la presente invenzione à ̈ quello di poter variare il suo grado di copertura tra una copertura parziale al 50% ed una copertura totale a seconda delle circostanze e della specifica applicazione. In questo modo, la struttura portante dell’impianto fotovoltaico comprendente tale tipo di modulo ha una flessibilità di impiego molto maggiore e può essere utilizzata anche in applicazioni per le quali le tradizionali strutture fisse sono inadatte. The main advantage of the photovoltaic module according to the present invention is that of being able to vary its degree of coverage between a partial coverage of 50% and a total coverage according to the circumstances and the specific application. In this way, the supporting structure of the photovoltaic system comprising this type of module has a much greater flexibility of use and can also be used in applications for which traditional fixed structures are unsuitable.
Ad esempio, una tale struttura può essere disposta sopra ad una coltivazione limitando la copertura al 50% in caso di sole per consentire l’irraggiamento e la crescita delle piante, poi aumentando il grado di copertura in caso di precipitazioni atmosferiche non molto intense (o di irraggiamento solare troppo intenso) ed infine arrivando alla copertura totale in caso di precipitazioni che possono arrecare danno alle piante (tipicamente grandine o pioggia molto forte). In questo modo non solo l’impianto fotovoltaico non sottrae superficie coltivabile ma addirittura aiuta a proteggere le coltivazioni dagli agenti atmosferici. For example, such a structure can be placed on top of a crop by limiting the coverage to 50% in case of sun to allow the irradiation and growth of the plants, then increasing the degree of coverage in the event of not very intense atmospheric precipitation ( or too intense solar radiation) and finally reaching total coverage in case of precipitation that can cause damage to plants (typically hail or very heavy rain). In this way, not only does the photovoltaic system not subtract arable land but it even helps protect crops from atmospheric agents.
Un ulteriore vantaggio di questo modulo fotovoltaico deriva dal fatto che la metà inferiore di ciascun elemento cilindrico, ovvero quella non esposta all’irraggiamento diretto quando le due metà dell’elemento sono completamente sovrapposte, può comunque contribuire a generare corrente sfruttando la radiazione riflessa e diffusa ed à ̈ preferibilmente ottimizzata a tale scopo utilizzando materiali che possono anche essere differenti da quelli utilizzati per la metà superiore dell’elemento. A further advantage of this photovoltaic module derives from the fact that the lower half of each cylindrical element, that is the one not exposed to direct radiation when the two halves of the element are completely superimposed, can still help generate current by exploiting the reflected radiation. it is widespread and is preferably optimized for this purpose by using materials that may also be different from those used for the upper half of the element.
Ancora un altro vantaggio del presente modulo fotovoltaico risiede nella possibilità di utilizzare la metà inferiore di ciascun elemento cilindrico, quando le due metà dell’elemento non sono completamente sovrapposte, come una grondaia per convogliare l’acqua piovana verso un sistema di raccolta che permette di riutilizzare tale acqua piovana, ad esempio per l’irrigazione delle coltivazioni nei periodi di scarsa disponibilità idrica. Yet another advantage of this photovoltaic module lies in the possibility of using the lower half of each cylindrical element, when the two halves of the element are not completely overlapped, such as a gutter to convey rainwater to a collection system that it allows to reuse such rainwater, for example for irrigation of crops in periods of low water availability.
Questi ed altri vantaggi e caratteristiche del modulo fotovoltaico secondo la presente invenzione risulteranno evidenti agli esperti del ramo dalla seguente dettagliata descrizione di una sua forma realizzativa con riferimento agli annessi disegni in cui: la Fig.1 à ̈ una vista schematica frontale che mostra la forma e la disposizione di tre elementi fotovoltaici di un modulo secondo l’invenzione nella condizione di massima apertura, ovvero con un grado di copertura del 50%; These and other advantages and characteristics of the photovoltaic module according to the present invention will become evident to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of an embodiment thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic front view showing the shape and the arrangement of three photovoltaic elements of a module according to the invention in the condition of maximum opening, ie with a degree of coverage of 50%;
la Fig.2 à ̈ una vista analoga alla precedente che mostra lo spostamento relativo delle due metà degli elementi per arrivare alla condizione di massima chiusura del modulo fotovoltaico, ovvero con un grado di copertura totale; Fig.2 is a view similar to the previous one which shows the relative displacement of the two halves of the elements to reach the condition of maximum closure of the photovoltaic module, ie with a degree of total coverage;
le Figg.3a e 3b sono viste schematiche in pianta di un modulo fotovoltaico nelle due condizioni di Fig.1 e Fig.2 rispettivamente; e Figs.3a and 3b are schematic plan views of a photovoltaic module in the two conditions of Fig.1 and Fig.2 respectively; And
la Fig.4 à ̈ una vista schematica frontale di una struttura di impianto fotovoltaico comprendente una pluralità dei suddetti moduli fotovoltaici ed utilizzata in ambito agricolo. Fig.4 is a schematic front view of a photovoltaic system structure comprising a plurality of the aforesaid photovoltaic modules and used in the agricultural field.
Facendo riferimento alle figure da 1 a 3b, si vede che un modulo fotovoltaico 1 à ̈ costituito da una pluralità di elementi fotovoltaici cilindrici 2 montati paralleli tra longheroni di estremità 3 in modo da formare un modulo di larghezza X e lunghezza Y. Ciascun elemento 2 à ̈ diviso in due metà 2a, 2b lungo un piano longitudinale 2c contenente i longheroni 3 ed ha una prima metà , che nella forma realizzativa illustrata à ̈ la metà inferiore 2b, che à ̈ mobile rispetto alla seconda metà in una direzione parallela all’asse longitudinale dei longheroni 3 (come indicato dalla freccia nelle Figg.2 e 3b). Referring to figures 1 to 3b, it can be seen that a photovoltaic module 1 is made up of a plurality of cylindrical photovoltaic elements 2 mounted parallel between end longitudinal members 3 so as to form a module of width X and length Y. Each element 2 It is divided into two halves 2a, 2b along a longitudinal plane 2c containing the longitudinal members 3 and has a first half, which in the illustrated embodiment is the lower half 2b, which is movable with respect to the second half in a direction parallel to the ™ longitudinal axis of the side members 3 (as indicated by the arrow in Figs.2 and 3b).
Per semplicità costruttiva, le metà mobili sono preferibilmente mosse tutte insieme da un unico attuatore (non illustrato) con un unico comando, ad esempio prevedendo che anche i longheroni 3 siano divisi longitudinalmente in due parti mobili l’una rispetto all’altra che portano rispettivamente le due metà 2a e 2b. Tuttavia sarebbe anche possibile realizzare una struttura più complessa in cui le metà mobili degli elementi 2 sono mosse individualmente oppure a gruppi, a seconda delle specifiche esigenze di applicazione. For constructive simplicity, the movable halves are preferably moved all together by a single actuator (not shown) with a single command, for example by providing that the longitudinal members 3 are also divided longitudinally into two movable parts, one with respect to the other. carry the two halves 2a and 2b respectively. However, it would also be possible to create a more complex structure in which the movable halves of the elements 2 are moved individually or in groups, according to the specific application requirements.
Gli elementi 2 sono montati sui longheroni 3 in modo che la distanza D’ tra elementi 2 adiacenti sia sostanzialmente pari alla loro larghezza D, dove mediante tale definizione si intende che il rapporto D/D’ può assumere valori da 0,85 a 1,15 essendo comunque preferibilmente pari a 1. Ovviamente quando D/D’<1 il modulo non arriva a fornire una copertura totale al 100% neppure nella condizione di massima chiusura, mentre quando D/D’>1 vi à ̈ sempre una parziale sovrapposizione delle due metà 2a, 2b anche nella condizione di massima chiusura. The elements 2 are mounted on the side members 3 so that the distance Dâ € ™ between adjacent elements 2 is substantially equal to their width D, where by this definition it is meant that the ratio D / Dâ € ™ can assume values from 0.85 to 1.15 being however preferably equal to 1. Obviously when D / Dâ € ™ <1 the module does not manage to provide 100% total coverage even in the condition of maximum closure, while when D / Dâ € ™> 1 there is always a partial overlap of the two halves 2a, 2b even in the condition of maximum closure.
Sebbene nella forma realizzativa preferita illustrata nei disegni gli elementi cilindrici 2 abbiano sezione circolare per un’ottimale captazione dei raggi incidenti con un qualsiasi angolo su detti elementi 2, nulla vieta di utilizzare una sezione di forma differente (ad es. ovale, quadrata, esagonale, etc.) o addirittura di prevedere semisezioni differenti per le due metà , ad esempio semicircolare per la metà superiore 2a e semiesagonale per la metà inferiore 2b. In ogni caso la larghezza D à ̈ misurata in corrispondenza del piano di divisione 2c e rappresenta l’ingombro massimo nel piano trasversale degli elementi 2 illustrati nelle Figg.1 e 2. Although in the preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawings the cylindrical elements 2 have a circular section for an optimal capture of the rays incident at any angle on said elements 2, nothing prevents the use of a section with a different shape (e.g. oval, square, hexagonal, etc.) or even to provide different half-sections for the two halves, for example semicircular for the upper half 2a and semi-hexagonal for the lower half 2b. In any case, the width D is measured in correspondence with the division plane 2c and represents the maximum overall dimensions in the transverse plane of the elements 2 illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
Poiché le metà superiori 2a captano principalmente l’energia dei raggi solari diretti RD mentre le metà inferiori 2b captano principalmente l’energia dei raggi solari riflessi RR, nonché la radiazione infrarossa riemessa dal terreno o dalla superficie sottostante, à ̈ preferibile che i rispettivi rivestimenti fotovoltaici 4a, 4b siano ottimizzati per operare al meglio con questi diversi tipi di radiazione. Tuttavia, sarebbe anche possibile utilizzare rivestimenti 4a, 4b uguali per ragioni di economia produttiva in modo che ciascun semielemento cilindrico possa essere utilizzato sia come metà superiore 2a che come metà inferiore 2b. Inoltre vi possono essere applicazioni (ad es. tettoie) in cui talvolta la metà inferiore 2b à ̈ esposta, parzialmente o completamente, alla radiazione solare diretta RD pertanto la sua faccia superiore potrebbe essere dotata anch’essa di un rivestimento fotovoltaico 4c che può essere uguale al rivestimento 4a, per massimizzare l’efficienza di assorbimento, o al rivestimento 4b, per semplificare la costruzione della metà inferiore 2b. Since the upper halves 2a mainly capture the energy of the direct solar rays RD while the lower halves 2b mainly capture the energy of the reflected solar rays RR, as well as the infrared radiation re-emitted from the ground or from the underlying surface, it is preferable that the respective photovoltaic coatings 4a, 4b are optimized to work best with these different types of radiation. However, it would also be possible to use identical coatings 4a, 4b for reasons of production economy so that each cylindrical half-element could be used both as the upper half 2a and as the lower half 2b. Furthermore, there may be applications (e.g. canopies) in which sometimes the lower half 2b is partially or completely exposed to direct solar radiation RD therefore its upper face could also be equipped with a photovoltaic coating 4c which can be the same as the coating 4a, to maximize the absorption efficiency, or the coating 4b, to simplify the construction of the lower half 2b.
I rivestimenti fotovoltaici utilizzati sono preferibilmente del tipo a film sottile, tipicamente con assorbitore in materiale semiconduttore composito di diseleniuro di rame-indio-gallio chiamato CIGS (acronimo dall'inglese: Copper Indium Gallium (di)Selenide). Poiché tale materiale ha un elevato potere di assorbimento della luce solare, à ̈ sufficiente una pellicola molto più sottile rispetto ad altri materiali semiconduttori, la pellicola essendo depositata sul materiale dell’elemento di supporto 2 (in vetro, plastica o metallo) insieme a degli elettrodi per raccogliere la corrente. The photovoltaic coatings used are preferably of the thin film type, typically with an absorber in composite semiconductor material of copper-indium-gallium diselenide called CIGS (acronym from English: Copper Indium Gallium (di) Selenide). Since this material has a high absorption power of sunlight, a much thinner film than other semiconductor materials is sufficient, the film being deposited on the material of the support element 2 (glass, plastic or metal) together electrodes to collect the current.
Come accennato in precedenza, il presente modulo fotovoltaico può essere utilizzato non solo per proteggere la superficie sottostante da precipitazioni atmosferiche dannose quali un’intensa pioggia P o grandine G (Fig.2), ma la metà inferiore 2b di ciascun elemento 2 può essere sagomata per fungere da grondaia in modo da convogliare l’acqua piovana verso un sistema di raccolta integrato nella struttura portante che permette di riutilizzare tale acqua piovana (ad es. in ambito agricolo) o più semplicemente di scaricarla in modo efficiente nel sistema fognario (ad es. in ambito urbano). As previously mentioned, this photovoltaic module can be used not only to protect the underlying surface from harmful atmospheric precipitations such as intense rain P or hail G (Fig. 2), but the lower half 2b of each element 2 can be shaped to act as a gutter in order to convey the rainwater to a collection system integrated in the supporting structure that allows to reuse such rainwater (for example in agriculture) or more simply to discharge it efficiently into the sewer system ( e.g. in urban areas).
Una struttura di impianto fotovoltaico da utilizzare in ambito agricolo à ̈ illustrata schematicamente in Fig.4 e comprende una pluralità dei suddetti moduli fotovoltaici 1 montati su una struttura portante a formare una copertura a due falde inclinate sorretta da montanti 5. L’altezza H di tale struttura (ad es. 5 m) e la distanza L tra i montanti 5 (ad es.12 m) à ̈ tale da consentire il passaggio delle macchine agricole per la lavorazione del terreno e la raccolta delle coltivazioni. Nel punto di incontro delle due falde in corrispondenza del colmo della copertura può essere previsto un doppio binario 6 lungo il quale scorrono in modo indipendente due sistemi 7a, 7b di erogazione di liquidi disposti rispettivamente sopra e sotto la copertura. A photovoltaic system structure to be used in the agricultural field is schematically illustrated in Fig. 4 and comprises a plurality of the aforementioned photovoltaic modules 1 mounted on a load-bearing structure to form a roof with two inclined pitches supported by uprights 5. The height H of this structure (e.g. 5 m) and the distance L between the uprights 5 (e.g. 12 m) is such as to allow the passage of agricultural machinery for working the soil and harvesting crops. At the meeting point of the two pitches in correspondence with the ridge of the roof, a double track 6 can be provided along which two liquid dispensing systems 7a, 7b run independently, arranged respectively above and below the roof.
Più specificamente, il sistema superiore 7a esegue il lavaggio della superficie fotovoltaica superiore dei moduli 1, realizzando nel contempo un’irrigazione almeno parziale delle coltivazioni, mentre il sistema inferiore 7b à ̈ utilizzato per eseguire trattamenti delle coltivazioni erogando antiparassitari, fitoformaci, fertilizzanti, etc. Si noti che il sistema inferiore 7b potrebbe essere usato anche per il lavaggio della superficie fotovoltaica inferiore dei moduli 1 semplicemente ruotando verso l’alto gli ugelli di erogazione. L’impianto può inoltre comprendere un sistema di irrigazione sotterranea 8 che può essere collegato al sistema di raccolta dell’acqua piovana in modo da realizzare un’irrigazione delicata proteggendo nel contempo le coltivazioni mediante la copertura totale dei moduli 1. More specifically, the upper system 7a performs the washing of the upper photovoltaic surface of modules 1, at the same time achieving at least partial irrigation of the crops, while the lower system 7b is used to carry out crop treatments by dispensing pesticides, phyto-forms, fertilizers, etc. It should be noted that the lower system 7b could also be used for washing the lower photovoltaic surface of the modules 1 simply by rotating the dispensing nozzles upwards. The system can also include an underground irrigation system 8 which can be connected to the rainwater collection system in order to achieve gentle irrigation while protecting crops by fully covering modules 1.
È chiaro che la forma realizzativa del modulo fotovoltaico secondo l’invenzione sopra descritta ed illustrata costituisce solo un esempio suscettibile di numerose variazioni. In particolare, il numero, la forma e la disposizione precisa degli elementi che compongono il modulo può essere alquanto variata a seconda di specifiche esigenze costruttive e lo stesso vale per i rivestimenti fotovoltaici applicati agli elementi 2 o le celle fotovoltaiche eventualmente montate su di essi. It is clear that the embodiment of the photovoltaic module according to the invention described and illustrated above constitutes only an example susceptible to numerous variations. In particular, the number, shape and precise arrangement of the elements that make up the module can be somewhat varied according to specific construction needs and the same applies to the photovoltaic coatings applied to the elements 2 or the photovoltaic cells possibly mounted on them.
Claims (11)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT002083A ITMI20122083A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | MULTI-FUNCTION PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH TYPE OF MODULE |
| PCT/IB2013/060668 WO2014087368A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-12-05 | Multi-function photovoltaic module and photovoltaic plant comprising said type of module |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| IT002083A ITMI20122083A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | MULTI-FUNCTION PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH TYPE OF MODULE |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080110488A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-15 | Solyndra, Inc., A Delware Corporation | Apparatus and methods for reducing the transmission of stress in a solar energy collection or absorption device |
| US20090078306A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Solyndra, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for retaining a plurality of elongated photovoltaic modules |
| US20090095280A1 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2009-04-16 | Benyamin Buller | Support system for solar energy generator panels |
-
2012
- 2012-12-06 IT IT002083A patent/ITMI20122083A1/en unknown
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080110488A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-15 | Solyndra, Inc., A Delware Corporation | Apparatus and methods for reducing the transmission of stress in a solar energy collection or absorption device |
| US20090078306A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Solyndra, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for retaining a plurality of elongated photovoltaic modules |
| US20090095280A1 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2009-04-16 | Benyamin Buller | Support system for solar energy generator panels |
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