ITMI20081712A1 - MANUFACTURED IN CERAMIC MATERIALS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION - Google Patents
MANUFACTURED IN CERAMIC MATERIALS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ITMI20081712A1 ITMI20081712A1 IT001712A ITMI20081712A ITMI20081712A1 IT MI20081712 A1 ITMI20081712 A1 IT MI20081712A1 IT 001712 A IT001712 A IT 001712A IT MI20081712 A ITMI20081712 A IT MI20081712A IT MI20081712 A1 ITMI20081712 A1 IT MI20081712A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- phosphate
- weight
- ceramic
- ceramic material
- Prior art date
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title description 20
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052572 stoneware Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/28—Slip casting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
- C04B2235/408—Noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/447—Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate, hypophosphite
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
Annessa a domanda di brevetto per INVENZIONE INDUSTRIALE avente per titolo: Attached to a patent application for INDUSTRIAL INVENTION entitled:
"Manufatto in materiale ceramico avente proprietà antibatteriche e processo per la sua produzione." La presente invenzione riguarda un manufatto in materiale ceramico avente proprietà antibatteriche ed un processo per la sua produzione. "Manufactured in ceramic material with antibacterial properties and process for its production." The present invention relates to an article made of ceramic material having antibacterial properties and a process for its production.
È ormai diffusa da tempo la necessità di poter disporre di manufatti in materiale ceramico da impiegarsi in edilizia, quali piastrelle e similari, aventi proprietà antibatteriche, allo scopo di rivestire superfici collocate in ambienti e strutture in cui è richiesto un elevato livello di igiene (ad esempio ospedali, bagni di edifici pubblici ed altri), così da ostacolare lo sviluppo e la proliferazione di batteri ed altri microorganismi potenzialmente nocivi. For some time now, the need has been widespread to have products in ceramic material to be used in construction, such as tiles and the like, with antibacterial properties, in order to cover surfaces located in environments and structures where a high level of hygiene is required (for example e.g. hospitals, public buildings bathrooms and others), so as to hinder the development and proliferation of bacteria and other potentially harmful microorganisms.
Per impartire proprietà antibatteriche è noto trattare la superficie di materiali ceramici con composti a base di titanio. Tale trattamento richiede però lunghi e complessi procedimenti di cottura. Infatti, poiché alle normali temperature di cottura dei materiali ceramici per edilizia (superiori ai 600°C), il titanio perde le proprietà antibatteriche, è necessario effettuare il trattamento dopo la cottura dei manufatti, quando la temperatura è scesa al di sotto di circa 600°C. Successivamente, per legare e stabilizzare il trattamento, i manufatti devono essere riscaldati nuovamente ad una temperatura di circa 600°C. Inoltre, tali prodotti a base di titanio possono essere applicati solo come strati sottili, per cui durante l'uso il rivestimento antibatterico può essere facilmente rimosso. Conseguentemente le proprietà antibatteriche dei manufatti decadono molto rapidamente. To impart antibacterial properties, it is known to treat the surface of ceramic materials with titanium-based compounds. However, this treatment requires long and complex cooking procedures. In fact, since titanium loses its antibacterial properties at the normal firing temperatures of ceramic building materials (above 600 ° C), it is necessary to carry out the treatment after firing the artifacts, when the temperature has dropped below about 600. ° C. Subsequently, to bind and stabilize the treatment, the articles must be heated again to a temperature of about 600 ° C. Furthermore, such titanium-based products can only be applied as thin layers, so that the antibacterial coating can be easily removed during use. Consequently, the antibacterial properties of the products decay very quickly.
La Richiedente si è dunque posta il problema di produrre manufatti in materiale ceramico, in particolare piastrelle e simili, aventi spiccate proprietà antibatteriche che si mantengano nel tempo, senza dover ricorrere a processi di cottura lunghi e complessi. The Applicant has therefore posed the problem of producing manufactured articles in ceramic material, in particular tiles and the like, having marked antibacterial properties which are maintained over time, without having to resort to long and complex firing processes.
La Richiedente ha trovato che tale risultato può essere ottenuto tramite applicazione, su un primo strato di materiale ceramico, di un secondo strato di materiale ceramico che include argento ed almeno un fosfato. Detto secondo strato presenta ottime proprietà antibatteriche le quali si mantengono sostanzialmente inalterate anche dopo cottura ad alte temperature, in genere superiori a 1000°C, in particolare quelle necessarie per la produzione del gres porcellanato, generalmente fino a 1220°C. The Applicant has found that this result can be obtained by applying, on a first layer of ceramic material, a second layer of ceramic material which includes silver and at least one phosphate. Said second layer has excellent antibacterial properties which remain substantially unchanged even after firing at high temperatures, generally higher than 1000 ° C, in particular those necessary for the production of porcelain stoneware, generally up to 1220 ° C.
Pertanto il manufatto può essere prodotto secondo tecniche convenzionali, in particolare tramite monopressatura a secco con doppio caricamento, senza alcuna sostanziale modifica rispetto ai normali cicli di produzione. Therefore the product can be produced according to conventional techniques, in particular by dry monopressing with double loading, without any substantial modification with respect to normal production cycles.
Secondo un primo aspetto la presente invenzione riguarda pertanto un manufatto in materiale ceramico, in particolare una piastrella, che comprende: un primo strato di materiale ceramico; According to a first aspect, the present invention therefore relates to an article made of ceramic material, in particular a tile, which comprises: a first layer of ceramic material;
un secondo strato di materiale ceramico che include argento ed almeno un fosfato. a second layer of ceramic material which includes silver and at least one phosphate.
In un secondo aspetto la presente invenzione riguarda un processo per la produzione di manufatti ceramici, in particolare piastrelle, che comprende: sovrapporre un primo strato di materiale ceramico ed un secondo strato di materiale ceramico che include argento ed almeno un fosfato; In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a process for the production of ceramic articles, in particular tiles, which comprises: superimposing a first layer of ceramic material and a second layer of ceramic material which includes silver and at least one phosphate;
pressare i due strati sovrapposti così da ottenere il manufatto crudo ; pressing the two superimposed layers so as to obtain the raw product;
sottoporre il manufatto crudo ad un ciclo di cottura così da ottenere la ceramizzazione del manufatto. subject the raw product to a firing cycle in order to obtain the ceramic coating of the product.
Preferibilmente la pressatura viene condotta a secco, in particolare tramite un processo di cosiddetta monopressatura a secco con doppio caricamento . The pressing is preferably carried out dry, in particular by means of a so-called dry monopressing process with double loading.
Preferibilmente, il materiale ceramico è gres, in particolare gres porcellanato. Preferably, the ceramic material is stoneware, in particular porcelain stoneware.
Per quanto riguarda lo strato avente proprietà antibatteriche, questo include argento, in particolare argento metallico, preferibilmente in forma di nanoparticelle, in una quantità generalmente compresa tra 0,10 e 1,0% in peso, preferibilmente tra 0,15 e 0,50% in peso, rispetto al peso complessivo del materiale che costituisce il secondo strato. As regards the layer having antibacterial properties, this includes silver, in particular metallic silver, preferably in the form of nanoparticles, in an amount generally comprised between 0.10 and 1.0% by weight, preferably between 0.15 and 0.50. % by weight, with respect to the total weight of the material constituting the second layer.
II secondo strato, avente proprietà antibatteriche, include inoltre almeno un fosfato. Il fosfato può essere scelto ad esempio tra: calcio fosfato, sodio fosfato, zinco fosfato, o loro miscele. Detto almeno un fosfato è presente in una quantità generalmente compresa tra 0,5 e 5,0% in peso, preferibilmente tra 1,0 e 3,0% in peso, rispetto al peso complessivo del materiale che costituisce il secondo strato, detta quantità essendo espressa come equivalenti di P205. The second layer, having antibacterial properties, further includes at least one phosphate. The phosphate can be selected for example from: calcium phosphate, sodium phosphate, zinc phosphate, or their mixtures. Said at least one phosphate is present in an amount generally comprised between 0.5 and 5.0% by weight, preferably between 1.0 and 3.0% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the material constituting the second layer, said quantity being expressed as equivalents of P205.
II secondo strato, avente proprietà antibatteriche, può eventualmente includere almeno un composto metallico addizionale, in particolare almeno un ossido e/o un sale di zirconio e/o di magnesio. La quantità di detto almeno un composto metallico addizionale, espressa come equivalenti del corrispondente ossido, è generalmente compresa tra 0,5 e 5,0% in peso, preferibilmente tra 0,8 e 2,5% in peso, rispetto al peso complessivo del materiale che costituisce il secondo strato. The second layer, having antibacterial properties, can optionally include at least one additional metal compound, in particular at least one oxide and / or a zirconium and / or magnesium salt. The amount of said at least one additional metal compound, expressed as equivalents of the corresponding oxide, is generally comprised between 0.5 and 5.0% by weight, preferably between 0.8 and 2.5% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the material that constitutes the second layer.
Nel manufatto finale, il secondo strato avente proprietà antibatteriche ha generalmente uno spessore compreso tra 0,2 e 5 mm, preferibilmente tra 0,3 e 3 mm . In the final manufactured article, the second layer having antibacterial properties generally has a thickness comprised between 0.2 and 5 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 3 mm.
Il secondo strato viene applicato al primo strato in una quantità tale da ottenere lo spessore desiderato. In genere tale quantità è compresa tra 0,2 e 3,0 kg/m<2>, preferibilmente tra 0,4 e 2,0 kg/m<2>. The second layer is applied to the first layer in an amount such as to obtain the desired thickness. Generally this amount is comprised between 0.2 and 3.0 kg / m <2>, preferably between 0.4 and 2.0 kg / m <2>.
Il secondo strato, avente proprietà antibatteriche, può essere prodotto addizionando ad una matrice ceramica una pre-dispersione di argento, fosfato ed degli altri composti metallici eventualmente presenti. La matrice ceramica è preferibilmente costituita da una barbottina di gres, in particolare gres per doppio caricamento. La concentrazione complessiva della pre-dispersione nella matrice ceramica è preferibilmente compresa tra 0,5 e 5,0 % in peso. La barbottina così addizionata viene quindi essiccata, ad esempio in un atomizzatore, ottenendo un materiale avente umidità e granulometria controllata . L 'umidità è preferibilmente compresa tra 2 e 8% in peso, più preferibilmente tra 4 e 6% in peso. La granulometria è preferibilmente compresa tra 0,05 e 0,8 mm, più preferibilmente tra 0,1 e 0,5 mm, espressa come diametro medio delle particelle. The second layer, having antibacterial properties, can be produced by adding to a ceramic matrix a pre-dispersion of silver, phosphate and any other metal compounds possibly present. The ceramic matrix is preferably constituted by a slip of stoneware, in particular stoneware for double loading. The overall concentration of the pre-dispersion in the ceramic matrix is preferably between 0.5 and 5.0% by weight. The slip thus added is then dried, for example in an atomizer, obtaining a material with controlled humidity and granulometry. The humidity is preferably between 2 and 8% by weight, more preferably between 4 and 6% by weight. The particle size is preferably between 0.05 and 0.8 mm, more preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, expressed as the average diameter of the particles.
Per quanto riguarda il processo di produzione del manufatto secondo la presente invenzione, una prima fase prevede la sovrapposizione dei due strati di materiale ceramico. Preferibilmente, il primo strato viene realizzato predisponendo il materiale ceramico, in forma di polvere, in uno stampo, e su di esso viene quindi collocato il secondo strato, sempre in forma di polvere preparata come descritto sopra. I due strati vengono successivamente pressati per ottenere il manufatto crudo secondo tecniche convenzionali, ad esempio tramite monopressatura a secco con doppio caricamento. As regards the production process of the manufactured article according to the present invention, a first step provides for the superposition of the two layers of ceramic material. Preferably, the first layer is made by preparing the ceramic material, in the form of a powder, in a mold, and the second layer is then placed on it, again in the form of a powder prepared as described above. The two layers are subsequently pressed to obtain the raw product according to conventional techniques, for example by dry monopressing with double loading.
Il manufatto crudo viene quindi sottoposto ad un ciclo di cottura per ottenere la ceramizzazione della piastrella, che può essere condotto secondo tecniche note. Ad esempio, un ciclo di cottura adatto alla produzione di piastrelle in gres porcellanato prevede una temperatura massima di cottura di circa 1220°C ed una durata compresa tra 25 e 60 minuti. The raw product is then subjected to a firing cycle to obtain the ceramic coating of the tile, which can be carried out according to known techniques. For example, a cooking cycle suitable for the production of porcelain stoneware tiles provides for a maximum firing temperature of about 1220 ° C and a duration of between 25 and 60 minutes.
Successivamente alla cottura, la superficie del manufatto può essere infine sottoposta ad una fase di levigatura per ottenere il grado di finitura prefissato . After firing, the surface of the product can finally be subjected to a smoothing step to obtain the predetermined degree of finish.
La presente invenzione verrà ora ulteriormente illustrata con riferimento alla seguente: The present invention will now be further illustrated with reference to the following:
- Figura 1 che costituisce una rappresentazione schematica prospettica di una piastrella per ricoperture edilizie in accordo con la presente invenzione . - Figure 1 which constitutes a perspective schematic representation of a tile for building covering according to the present invention.
La piastrella (1) comprende due strati: un primo strato (3) sottostante, che funge da struttura portante della piastrella (1), in materiale ceramico, in particolare gres porcellanato. Il secondo strato (2), sovrapposto al primo (3), è destinato ad essere esposto all'esterno dopo l'applicazione della piastrella. Esso è formato da una matrice ceramica, in genere simile al materiale ceramico del primo strato (3), avente proprietà antibatteriche, la quale include argento ed almeno un fosfato secondo la presente invenzione. The tile (1) comprises two layers: a first underlying layer (3), which acts as the supporting structure of the tile (1), made of ceramic material, in particular porcelain stoneware. The second layer (2), superimposed on the first (3), is intended to be exposed to the outside after the tile has been applied. It is formed by a ceramic matrix, generally similar to the ceramic material of the first layer (3), having antibacterial properties, which includes silver and at least one phosphate according to the present invention.
Il manufatto in materiale ceramico avente proprietà antibatteriche secondo la presente invenzione offre importanti vantaggi. Esso presenta spiccate proprietà antibatteriche che permangono a lungo, in quanto lo strato antibatterico può essere prodotto con spessori rilevanti e rimane saldamente ancorato alla superficie della piastrella anche a seguito di fenomeni di usura e abrasione molto accentuati, resistendo addirittura a processi di levigatura. The manufactured article in ceramic material having antibacterial properties according to the present invention offers important advantages. It has strong antibacterial properties that remain for a long time, as the antibacterial layer can be produced with significant thicknesses and remains firmly anchored to the surface of the tile even following very accentuated wear and abrasion phenomena, even resisting polishing processes.
Inoltre, come descritto sopra, tale manufatto può essere prodotto secondo tecniche convenzionali senza alcuna sostanziale modifica o complicazione rispetto ai normali cicli di produzione, in quanto il secondo strato mantiene sostanzialmente inalterate le proprietà antibatteriche anche dopo cottura ad alte temperature, in genere superiori a 1000°C, in particolare quelle necessarie per la produzione del gres porcellanato, generalmente fino a 1220°C. Furthermore, as described above, this product can be produced according to conventional techniques without any substantial modification or complication compared to normal production cycles, since the second layer maintains the antibacterial properties substantially unchanged even after firing at high temperatures, generally above 1000. ° C, in particular those necessary for the production of porcelain stoneware, generally up to 1220 ° C.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT001712A ITMI20081712A1 (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | MANUFACTURED IN CERAMIC MATERIALS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT001712A ITMI20081712A1 (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | MANUFACTURED IN CERAMIC MATERIALS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ITMI20081712A1 true ITMI20081712A1 (en) | 2010-03-27 |
Family
ID=40677614
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT001712A ITMI20081712A1 (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | MANUFACTURED IN CERAMIC MATERIALS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| IT (1) | ITMI20081712A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003160386A (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-06-03 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Antibacterial transfer material and antibacterial article therefrom |
| WO2006133410A2 (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-14 | Smaht Ceramics, Inc. | Biocidal ceramic compositions, methods and articles of manufacture |
-
2008
- 2008-09-26 IT IT001712A patent/ITMI20081712A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003160386A (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-06-03 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Antibacterial transfer material and antibacterial article therefrom |
| WO2006133410A2 (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-14 | Smaht Ceramics, Inc. | Biocidal ceramic compositions, methods and articles of manufacture |
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