ITAN20070052A1 - DEVICE AND METHOD ACT TO DETECT, WITHOUT FALSE ALARMS, RAPINS AND THEFT EVEN IN THE PRESENCE OF USERS IN FREE MOVEMENT WITHIN THE PLACE TO CHECK - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION with TITLE:

DEVICE AND METHOD TO DETECT, WITHOUT FALSE ALARMS, ROBBERY AND THEFT EVEN IN THE PRESENCE OF USERS IN FREE MOVEMENT INSIDE THE PLACE TO BE CHECKED

A) REASONS. PURPOSE AND PRIOR STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

The present invention proposes to realize an innovative security device suitable for detecting "robberies and / or thefts" in specific places such as homes, offices, shops, etc., both in the absence of users and in their presence (within said places); all without false alarms and with maximum automation. In this way, appropriate alarm procedures can be activated immediately, especially if users are present inside the place to be controlled (home, office, shop, etc.); in this way it will be possible to avoid or limit attacks and beatings to the detriment of users, because an immediate and unexpected alarm should make robbers, thieves and / or attackers flee as soon as possible. The invented device therefore allows the "burglar / anti-theft" alarm to be kept active 24 hours a day (therefore day and night) and also with users in free movement inside and / or outside the home (or office, shop , etc.). The invented device will also be very useful for discouraging aggression and violence against weaker users (the elderly, the disabled, women, children). At present there are no known and / or commercially available apparatuses that are able to achieve (even minimally) the results of this device.

B) DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF THE DEVICE

The invented device (1) (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) is composed of the following "modules":

- a central module (2) for acquisition, control, storage, processing and data transmission: it will preferably be installed near the "main entrance door" of the place to be controlled (or in any internal environment). It will be used to process all the information coming from the various "peripheral" modules (3), for data transmission (both local and remote), to activate one or more alarm procedures (depending on the case) and more. still.

- one or more "peripheral" modules (3) for data acquisition, control, storage, processing and transmission: they will be installed near the "main entrance door" (if the central module (2) is not already installed), (any) "secondary entrance doors" (service doors, garages, etc.) of the "windows" and any "French windows" (if any) of the home, office, shop, etc. They will be used to detect and counting the "presence" of people (in the immediate vicinity of said modules (3)) and any "direction" of their movement (in "entry" or "exit" from the place to be controlled).

The peripheral modules (3) and the central module (2) will preferably be installed in the point closest to the "opening" area / angle of the door, French door or window and possibly below the handle so as not to detect the arm of the when the user opens or closes doors or windows (this to avoid possible processing errors). The "central" module (2) and the "peripheral" modules (3) will be (for safety and convenience reasons) preferably powered by " long life "and will communicate with each other via radio frequency signals (wirelessly) or via connecting cables. The invented device (1) can be composed only of the central module (2) (placed to control the most dangerous access gate) and no peripheral module (3), or the central module (2) and a single peripheral module ( 3) and so on; the best case will obviously be to control and manage “all” the access gates. Let's now see in detail the two types of device modules (1).

1) one or more "peripheral" modules (3) (fig. 3), made up of the following main internal components:

1.1) microprocessor (4), complete with memories (5) (ram, eprom, flash, etc.), logic and control integrated for sensors and data transmission, stages and input / output connections, timer / clock (6) ( optional) and so on. The microprocessor (4) will be used to manage the following main functions:

- acquiring, processing and storing the data coming from the sensors (7) and (8) and devices (9) (10) inside the peripheral module (3);

- manage the transmission and reception of data (13) from / to the central module (2);

- activate local warnings and / or alarms by activating the buzzer (12) and display (11);

- allow manual data entry via keyboard (10);

- manage the life of the module power supply batteries by activating specific alerts when the discharge phase is below a pre-established threshold.

1.2) one or more pairs or triplets of sensors (7) for "detection" and "measurement" of distance of people-objects-obstacles, preferably of the "ultrasound <1> 'type (or alternatively of the" laser "or "infrared"), the peripheral module (3) will be positioned to control doors, French windows and windows, so that a "first" sensor (7a) (or more than one) controls, with a scanning area "Parallel" (or almost) to the frame in the "closed" condition (see 18 in fig. 4), the area closest to the access passage (door, French door or window), while a "second" sensor ( 7b) (or more than one) will control, preferably in a "diagonal" way (see 19 in fig. 4) a more distant zone (with respect to the one controlled by the first sensor (7a) and therefore to the access passage itself). The space (20) (in fig. 4) between the two detection zones (18) and (19) of the two (or more) sensors (7a) and (7b) must be such as to contain (inside, or in the shadow / “non-detection” zone of the sensors) one person (and not two or more); this to avoid incorrect processing, false alarms and / or deceptions. Thanks to the presence of at least two sensors (7) and to their particular arrangement, it will also be possible to identify the "direction" of movement in the vicinity of said openings (see below). The sensors (7) (and therefore the entire peripheral (3) and central (2) module) will preferably be applied inside the house (or office, shop, etc.) and preferably (if possible) near and below the handle (for opening / closing) of the door or window, and in any case at the point of least distance from the passage (or stop) area of people; in this way the sensors (7) will be able to better control the opening and closing angle (area) of the door or window and detect if there is (and at what distance) the presence of people, obstacles, objects, etc. Sensors will be used (7) (preferably, but not necessarily, ultrasound) that have a maximum range of action of about 2 meters; this to avoid excessive detection distances and at the same time to manage also 'particular' cases of doors, French windows and / or windows with a certain width (or even for example with "two doors / two doors"), or with a distance from the sensor application point (7) (usually in the nearest wall, adjacent to the door or window opening handle) and any upper passage or parking area (usually near the handle of the frame) to the norm.

The microprocessor (4) of the various modules (3) and (2) in addition to processing the "distance" of presence detection (usually measured in cm.) Coming from the sensors (7), will also process the "duration" (preferably in milliseconds) of each "different" measurement, that is, it will calculate how much time will elapse between a specific measurement of detection distance (constant or almost) and the next, which, to be considered as a "new distance measurement <11> (which therefore detects a "New" presence), must be several centimeters (or tens of cm.) Different from the previous one. In the simplest cases of detecting the "direction of transit" of people and / or objects, the first processing to be carried out will be to identify which of the two sensors, (7a) or (7b), goes "first" to "on", or detects a significant and sudden change in distance measurement compared to previous measured values (to indicate the passage of people and / or objects in movement); if it will be the 1st sensor (7a) to detect (first) a significant variation in distance measurement, it will mean a probable "entry" into the home (office, shop, etc.), vice versa (if it will be (7b) to go "on" first) it will be a probable '' exit ''. To complete (without errors or ambiguity) the detection of the "transit direction" of people and / or moving objects, it must be detected (more or not) a similar distance measurement also by the other sensor (7a or 7b), which will detect said passage "per second". Finally, both sensors (7a ) and (7b) must go (one after the other) to "off", that is to say "out of range" measurements or "fixed" measurements, that is, without any significant and sudden change in distance (compared to previous values), which will mean precisely the absence of people and / or objects within the range of action of said sensors. Obviously, between the two sensors, the one that previously detected a significant variation in distance measurement first (ie the first to be "on") must go '' off ', then the other; if the first ( between the two) to go both "on" and "off 'will be the 1st sensor (7a) it will be (if the other sensor will behave in the same way as well) an" input ", vice versa an "exit". In summary, when "both" sensors, (7a) and (7b), one after the other, have first detected the "presence" and then the "absence" of said presences within their range of action / detection, it will be possible to speak of "direction of movement out" or "direction of movement in" (depending on "which" of the two sensors will have, "first" detected presence and then absence of people and / or objects in motion).

For a more effective and reliable detection of people / obstacles / objects (in proximity and / or in transit through the various types of access gates) it may be added (especially to solve, without errors and ambiguities, some special cases - see below -) a third detection sensor (7c) (preferably always ultrasound) placed to control the so-called shadow area (of an area such as to contain the body of a single person), or the (intermediate) area included (see 22 in Fig. 4) between the 1.0 sensor (7a) and the 2nd sensor (7b) (in which the two sensors (7a) and (7b) are unable to carry out any detection). This third sensor (7c) can, for example, solve the anomalous case of a person approaching the access passage (door, French door or window) passing through this shaded area and therefore without being detected by the 2, or sensor (7b) (the outermost one, furthest from the opening); the 3, or sensor (7c) would detect in this case the presence of the person (or object) thus avoiding incorrect elaborations and interpretations. Furthermore, the 3rd sensor (7c) will allow a better processing of the case of "stop of people" near the access gate.

Among the various ultrasonic sensors (7) (and / or laser and / or infrared), the ones that will give greater reliability in detecting presence will be used, in terms of range / range of action, angle / scanning / detection area, frequency working range, resolution / tolerance, sensitivity, etc. .

1.3) one or more sensors (8) for detecting "people", or "human" presence; these sensors, having a reliable range of action of less than 1 meter (usually around 70-80 cm maximum) will be preferably applied (and if possible) near the handle (opening / closing) of the door or window, and in any case at the point of least distance from the passage (or stop) of people. Unlike the sensors (7), these sensors (8) will supply the microprocessor (4) with "variations" of values only when within their range of action one or more "people" pass or stop: in the other cases (objects, things, obstacles, etc.) said sensors (8) will not provide appreciable "variations". The sensors (8) for detecting "human presence" will not provide (unlike the sensors (7)) the "detection distance" of the person, but only fast and significant (high) variations of values that will indicate the presence or absence (in the immediate vicinity) of one or more "people". Let us now see the operating principle (known per se) and the various internal components of said sensors (8) (fig. 5). The human body has its own impedance, so it is able to behave like an electrical conductor, interacting with electrical circuits with which it comes into contact. More specifically, if we take an antenna (8a), i.e. a conductor connected to an electrical circuit through a single terminal and approach it (with the body), we will create a sort of variable virtual capacitor (8b), which presents as the first armature is the antenna itself, the second is our body and the dielectric is the air. Electrically, this is possible as both the electrical circuit to which the antenna (8a) refers, and our body are connected through the earth so, even if the electrical quantities involved are very small, there is still the passage of charges. By varying the distance between the body and the antenna (8a), the capacitance of this "virtual capacitor" (8b) will also vary (preferably measured in picoFarad). If this capacitor is then connected to an oscillator (8c), by varying the capacitance, the oscillation frequency of the latter will also vary. To make the "human presence detection" sensors (8) stable, sensitive and more reliable (to variations in capacity, or to variations in frequency), we now use the principle known as "two-wave beating": mixing two signals to two distinct frequencies, two other signals will be obtained, characterized by having, the first, a frequency equal to the sum of the two source frequencies, and the second frequency equal to the difference (this is the signal that interests us). For this purpose we use, by coupling them together, two radio frequency electronic oscillators (8c) and (8d) centered practically on the same frequency; the first will be of the "fixed" type (8d) (ie it will always work at the same "reference" frequency), while the second will be of the "variable" type (8c) (ie it will work at slightly variable frequencies compared to that of reference). The oscillators used (8c) and (8d) have a resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor (8e) and inductance; together they determine the working frequency while the oscillation continuity is usually guaranteed by an active component, bipolar transistor, Fet, etc. These oscillators (8c) and (8d), in conditions of rest (ie the absence of a human body within the range of action of the sensors (8)) vibrate (more or less) at the same frequency (for which the "difference" in frequency of the two oscillators is almost zero); by connecting the antenna (8a) to the capacitor (8e) of the "variable" oscillator (8c) it is possible to vary its capacity and therefore, since the frequency produced is a function of the aforementioned capacity, it is possible to vary the frequency of the oscillator (8c) simply by moving the body closer or further away from the antenna (8a) (ie the virtual capacitor (8b)). The frequency shift thus created produces, after the "mixing of the two signals" by means of a special '' mixer 'circuit (8g), a third electric wave ("beat frequency") which is equal to the difference in frequency of the two; point the sensor (8) will send to the microprocessor (4) the value of said "difference" (frequency or capacitance or proportional voltage) detected (and then suitably converted into voltage by means of a frequency-voltage converter, amplified / attenuated and filtered by special circuits), for the appropriate processing (i.e. to ascertain the presence or absence of a human body in the vicinity of the peripheral module (3) and / or the central module (2)). When a person approaches a sensor ( 8) the "beat frequency" increases, while when it moves away, said frequency decreases. In addition to calculating the extent of the increase (or decrease) of the values transmitted by the sensor (8) (compared to previous values acquired and processed) me croprocessor (4), to obtain more reliable and effective processing, will also calculate the "speed" with which these "variations" occur over time; in summary, a "fast, non-proportional / non-linear and of a certain extent" change (compared to previous processed and stored values) will certainly indicate a "change of state" of the environment surrounding the sensor (8); if the (fast) variation is increasing, without any proportionality / linearity (with respect to previous processed and stored values) there will be an approach of "people" to the sensor (8) (and therefore to the door or window to which said sensor is applied), if instead it is decreasing (sudden, that is, non-linear, non-proportional) this will indicate a removal of "people" from said sensor (8) (and therefore from the relative door or window). supplied by the sensors (8) will have fairly constant speed and entity or in any case fairly linear / proportional (with respect to previous processed values) this will mean that there is no "change of state", that is, within the range of action of the sensor (8) there are no "people". In order to better understand the functioning of the various internal components of said sensors (8) let us give the following example; let's assume that the "variable" oscillator (8c) works at the frequency of 1,000,000 Hertz while the "fixed" oscillator (8d) works at the (reference) frequency of 1,000,100 Hz., so that the "difference" between the two signals, in a state of rest (ie no people in the vicinity), is 100 Hz. If a person now approaches the sensor (8), entering its range of action, the frequency of the "variable" oscillator (8c) will vary rapidly (due to the variation of the capacitance of the virtual variable capacitor (8b) caused by the approach of the body of the person representing the 2nd armature of said capacitor), and will be for example 999.998 Hz, (fig. 5); the "difference" signal between the two oscillators will now be 102 Hz., I.e. there will have been a 2% variation (compared to the rest condition -100 Hz-) that the "resolution" of the microprocessor (4) will detect with ease, something that would hardly happen without the presence of the mixer (8g) (or the "beat frequency") , since in fact the difference of only 2Hz. out of 1,000,000 it would have caused a percentage change of 2 / 1,000,000, or 0.0002% (instead of 2%) difficult to detect by the microprocessor (4). In summary, when the "beat frequency" undergoes fast, high and increasing variations it will mean that a person is "approaching" the sensor (8), or the access gate to be controlled, and vice versa when said frequency decreases rapidly, the person it will be 'moving away'. When, after the detection of fast and high variations (= person approaching), said beat frequency will then become "fairly constant or in any case variable slowly" it will mean that the person is "parked" near the access gate; then when the frequency decreases quickly, and then '' settles '' back to the usual almost constant or slightly variable values, the person will have definitively moved away from the sensor (8) (and therefore from the access gate).

1.4) a microphone (9): to send to the microprocessor (4) any vocal / acoustic alarms created by the emission of loud screams by the user; a special filtering and calibration circuit will be used to activate the sending of the robbery / aggression alarm only in case of screams of a certain entity.

1.5) a keyboard (10): to enter one or more activation and / or deactivation codes of the "anti-theft-anti-robbery-anti-aggression" function and / or to modify some parameters. Any data entry and / or modification can only take place after having entered (on the keypad (10)) a specific "secret authorization code".

1.6) a display (11) preferably of the Icd type (liquid crystal): it will show information, warnings and / or alarms.

1.7) a control and warning buzzer (12): it will preferably be activated to warn the user to read the display (11) and / or to type on the keyboard (10) a precise code and / or to scan the start of a any pre-alarm.

1.8) a radio frequency data reception and transmission module (13): to communicate, via radio signals preferably "coded" with the "central" module {2) and / or with any radio control (21) supplied to the users. they will preferably use radio receiver-transmitting modules at frequencies of 433 or 868 Mhz.

2) a "central" module (2) (fig. 2), made up of the following main internal components:

2.1) at least one microprocessor (4), complete with memories (5) (ram, eprom, flash, etc.), logic and control integrated for sensors and data transmission, stages and input / output connections, timer / clock (6 ) and so on. The microprocessor (4) will be used to manage the following main functions:

- acquire, process and store the data coming from the sensors (7) and (8) and devices (9) and (10), inside the central module (2);

- manage the transmission and reception of data (13) from / to the peripheral modules (3);

- activate local warnings and / or alarms by activating the buzzer (12) and display (11): - allow manual data entry via keyboard (10);

- record and verify the correspondence of one or more secret words, previously memorized by authorized users;

- manage the sending of data "remotely" (alarms, warnings or other) through the module in cellular telephony (14);

- activate (in the event of an alarm) the siren plus external flasher (16);

- manage the life of the module power supply batteries by activating specific alerts when the discharge phase is below a pre-established threshold.

2.2) one or more pairs of sensors (7) for detecting and measuring the distance of presences-objects-obstacles; preferably of the "ultrasound" type (or also of the "laser" or "infrared" type: for the description see point 1.2) on the previous pages.

2.3) one or more sensors (8) for detecting "people", or "human" presence: for the description see point 1.3) in the previous pages.

2.4) a microphone (9): for the description see point 1.4) in the previous pages. 2.5) a keyboard (10): for the description see point 1.5) in the previous pages. 2.6) a display (11) preferably of the LCD type (liquid crystal): for the description see point 1.6) in the previous pages.

2.7) a control and warning buzzer (12): for the description see point 1.7) on the previous pages.

2.8) a module for receiving and transmitting data (13) in radio frequency: to communicate, via radio signals preferably "coded" with the various "peripheral" modules (3) and / or with any radio control (21) supplied to the users. Preferably, radio receiving-transmitting modules will be used at the classic frequencies of 433 0868 Mhz.

2.9) a module in "mobile / cellular telephony" (14) (gsm, gprs, umts, etc.): for the automatic sending of alarms (via pre-recorded voice calls or messages / sms, etc.) to pre-established remote users ( police forces, emergency vehicles, relatives, friends, etc.). As an alternative to cellular telephony, the “fixed” telephone network (twisted pair) can also be used for the automatic sending of alarms.

2.10) a "vocal synthesis" module (15), complete with integrated vocal synthesis, digital recorder / re producer, loudspeaker and microphone (9). Used (in addition to and / or as an alternative to the use of secret codes typed on the keyboard (10)) to detect and verify the correspondence (or not) of any "secret words" (activation, deactivation of the alarm or other), spoken by one or more “precise and specific” users, and previously pre-registered and memorized. Only if the spoken words are "correct" and only if the "voice" is the one previously recorded (in the initial installation phase) by a user, the check will be considered "regular" and the relative command will be activated by the microprocessor (4) . The speech synthesis module (15) can optionally also be inserted in the peripheral modules (3).

2.11) a siren with flashing light (16), self-powered (with batteries) and external to the module (2); the siren will communicate with the module (13) of said module (2) by means of a specific module for receiving radiofrequency signals (installed inside it), or by cable.

2.12) coded radio control (21) to send (by the users), via radio frequency signals, to the central module (2) and / or to the peripheral modules (3) the entry authorization code (for people present, in that moment, outside the home); this for obvious reasons of convenience.

Let's now see the operation of the invented device (1) (according to a preferred method of execution), delving into only the most important and most frequent cases.

As already specified, preferably near the "opening handle" side of the access gate (main or secondary entrance door, French windows and windows of the house, office, shop, etc.), or at the point closest to the area of passage of people, the central module (2) and all the peripheral modules (3) will be installed; the central module (2) will communicate, preferably via radio or cable, with the peripheral modules (3). approaches the access gate (ie module (2) or (3)), the detection sensors (7) and (8) will detect its presence. The "pair" (one or more) of sensors (7) ( preferably ultrasound) will be arranged in such a way (see point 1.2) previous pages) to contain, in the internal space between the two detection zones of the pair of sensors (7a and 7b), a single person: in this way errors can be avoided processing and deceptions and it will also be possible to easily identify the "direction" of tran site of people (very important), or detect if they are leaving the door, or entering or if they are standing there. By verifying the "direction of transit" of people, it will also be possible to '' count '<1> and memorize (another very important technical aspect of the present invention) the number of "exits" and "entrances" from each access gate (especially French windows ) and the "total" number of exits and entrances (regardless of the gate) throughout the home (office, shop, etc.). To automatically detect (immediately and without errors) a possible "robbery" or "theft "(Or intrusion of unauthorized strangers) even with users in free movement within the home (office, etc.), the following parameters must be detected and processed: 1) presence of" people "near the access gate (doors, windows, etc.); 2) detection of the "transit direction" (the "entry" direction is important), with processing of both the detection "distance" and the "duration" of the various measurements that are different from each other;

3) counting the total number of people "out" and people "entered" in the home (office, shop, etc.) and calculation of the "difference" between the two totals;

4) "authorize entry", from the main or secondary door of the house, without activating alarms, only via a code entered on the keyboard, or via voice commands or coded radio signals.

Any 'false alarm' triggered involuntarily by users, which will be underlined by an audible warning (with buzzer (12)), can be canceled by typing a precise code on the keyboard (10), or by pronouncing precise voice commands.

To check the "direction" of transit ("entry", "exit" or "stop with subsequent reversal of direction of movement") of one or more people, the microprocessor (4) of the central module (2) and / or modules peripherals (3) will proceed in this way;

- main time sequence of "change of state" of the sensors (7) for verifying the "exit" of a person from the house (which corresponds to no alarm !: 2.o ultrasonic sensor (7b) switches from "off" ( or "no variation" of the detection distance with respect to previous measurements, or no passage of people and / or door openings) to "on" (or one or more "variations" of the detection distance with respect to previous measurements, due to precisely at the passage of the body of people and / or objects); then subsequently the 1st sensor (7a) passes from "off 'to" on "(i.e. one or more" variations "of the detection distance are measured with respect to previous measurements, due to the movement of the body of the person exiting and / or opening the door); then: increase in the count of the "exits" totals:

- main time sequence of sensor status change (7) for verifying "entry" of a person into the home (situation that corresponds to a possible alarm): 1st ultrasonic sensor (7a) switches from "off" (" no variation "of the detection distance with respect to previous measurements) to" on "(there are" variations "of the detection distance with respect to previous measurements, due to the opening of the door and / or the movement of the person entering); then, subsequently, the 2nd sensor (7b) passes from "off to" on "(one or more variations in the detection distance are measured, due to the closure of the door and / or to the body of the person entering); then the count increases of the "entrances" totals: this is the most important situation because, depending on the "type of access" (door, French window or window) and the comparison between the "total count of previous exits" and the "total count of entrances" ”, The“ alarm ”procedure could be activated.

A person is considered to have completely "left" or completely "entered" the access passage (door, French window or window) only when all the "presence detection" sensors (7) (even if only for a short time) are in the "off" state, or that there is "no variation" of the detection distance with respect to previous measurements, or (better) when the distance measurement corresponds to "out of range" (or in the case of "no presence or obstacle "within the range of action of the sensor). The management of entrances (the most important case) in the home (or office, shop, etc.) has 3 distinct processing cases: a) entry through the main or secondary door of the house (office, shop, etc.); b) entrance through the French door (connected to the garden and / or terrace); c) entrance through the window Let's now see these 3 cases.

a) Entry through "main or secondary entrance door"

Once the central module (2) (if the door is for example the main one) or the module (3) (if the door is for example the secondary one - garage, service door, etc. -) has detected the 'entry of a person [main time sequence: t.o sensor (7a) in "on" (= variations in detection distance, compared to previous measurements, due to the opening of the door and / or the entry of the person) 2.o sensor (7b) in "on" (= variations in the detection distance, compared to previous measurements, due to the passage of the person and / or the closing of the door); furthermore the sensor (8) detects variations such as to identify the passage of "human beings [ 10), or by means of a special signal sent by a radio control (21) to prevent the user from going to pers onally at the entrance door, or by pronouncing one or more voice commands previously stored by the users next to the vocal synthesis module (15), if present), or immediately allow entry; the cases to be managed by the microprocessor (4), within this type of access gate (entrance door), are the following: a.1) entry in person (one or more) with previous (manual) opening of the door by the user: in this case (since the user opens the door) no entry authorization code will be requested (a code which obviously must be known only by the users); the first time sequence (the most important), which will be detected by module (2) or module (3), will be the following:

- opening of the door by the user (direction of movement in "exit") = 2.o sensor (7b) in "on" (variations in detection distance, due to the presence of the user); then 1st sensor (7a) in "on" (sensing distance variations, due to the opening of the door and / or to the user's body / arm); in addition, the sensor (8) detects such variations as to identify the presence of the user near the door. At this point the user could open the door to leave the house or let people in; in both cases the module (2) or the module (3) will not ask for any authorization code because the situation appears regular, without danger (since it is the user who opens the door).

- probable stop of the user near the door (therefore not the user's exit): irrelevant time sequence.

- entry in person (one or more): temporal sequence irrelevant.

a.2) entry in person (one or more) in the "absence" of a user near the door, but with an entry authorization code sent to the module (2) or (3) via radio control (21) (supplied with users): this case corresponds to the classic door opening via intercom (therefore regular situation, without danger). As soon as the entry authorization signal is received (coming from the radio control (21) supplied to the users), the microprocessor (4) of the module (2) or (3) will allow the entry of one or more people (with the detection of the usual time sequence by the sensors (7) and (8)), without any activation of alarms (since it is the user who decides to open the door).

a.3) entry in person (one or more) in the "absence" of a user near the door and without sending an entry authorization code: this is the most dangerous case for this type of access gate. :

- 1st sensor (7a) goes from "off 'to" on "(= variations in the detection distance, due to the forcing / unhinging of the door and / or the presence of the robber); then 2nd sensor (7b) passes from "off to" on "(= variations in detection distance, due to the opening of the door and / or to the robber's body in entrances); then the 1st sensor (7a) goes from "on" to "off '; then the 2nd sensor (7b) switches from "on" to "off '(the robber has completely entered the house); furthermore the sensor (8) detects such variations as to detect" human presences "near the door input.

Once the entry of one or more people has been ascertained, the microprocessor (4) (of the module (2) or (3)), by means of an audible warning (12), will immediately ask for the entry authorization code (to be provided via the keypad (21), or via radio control (21), or via voice commands to be pronounced near the vocal synthesis module (15) usually inside the central module (2)) which can cancel the pre-alarm situation (of uncertainty) created; in the event that (within a few seconds) said code is not provided (this will mean that the person who has just entered is not the user or his authorized persons), the alarm procedure will be immediately activated (by the microprocessor (4)), usually consisting of activation of external local siren (16) (with flashing light) and sending of alarm messages / sms (via cellular phone module (14)) to one or more pre-established remote users (and pre-memorized in the memory (5) of the central module (2)).

b) Entrance through a "French door" (if existing)

This is the most complex case and it is the only one (of the 3 exposed) in which, to avoid incorrect processing and excessive inconvenience for users, also the "total count of the outputs" and the "total count of the inputs", operating then the "difference" between the two totals, the counting of the "outputs" and "inputs" can be done thanks to the measurements provided (to the microprocessor (4)) by the sensors (7) and (8). Also in this case we see the most important and most frequent situations:

b.1) person leaving the French window with door opening: main time sequence: 2.o sensor (7b) in 'on "(= presence / approach of the person at the French window) 1.o sensor (7a) in "on" (detection of "'different" distance variations, due both to the movement of the person's arm and / or body and to the opening of the French window) 2.o sensor (7b) in' Off '(= none person detected) 1st sensor (7a) in “off '(= the person has“ left ”the French window); increase, in the overall total of "outgoings", by one unit;

b.2) exit of person from the French door with door already open: main time sequence: 2nd sensor (7b) in "on" (= presence / approach of the person) 1.o sensor (7a) in "on" (detection of "few" distance variations due only to the movement of the person's body) 2.o sensor (7b) in "off '(= no person detected) 1.o sensor (7a) in" off' (= the person she "left" the door); increase, in the overall total of "outgoings", by one unit;

b.3) stop in person near the French window, without going out (then go back) main time sequence: 2.o sensor (7b) in 'On "(= presence / approach of the person) 1.o sensor (7a) in "on or off" (the person could be near the door handle or not) 2.o sensor (7b) remains in "on" for a certain time (= the detected person is "parked") 1.o sensor (7a) in “off 2, or sensor (7b) goes from“ on ”to“ off '(= the person then moved away from the door and came back); no increase in the overall total of the “outputs”.

The case of "parking" with a person who (near the access passage, door, French door and window) turns and then goes back (or "does not go out", even if the 1st sensor (7a) is alarmed) does not causes any problem, as other investigations considered significant / substantial (to verify the passage or presence of other people) will be carried out only after all the sensors (7) (7a, 7b -and also the sensor 7c if foreseen-), one after the other, they will have gone "off", that is that they do not detect (even if only for a very short time), significant / substantial and sudden changes in distance measurements, compared to previous acquisitions (thus indicating "absence" of passage of people and / or of moving obstacles). In summary, in the case of the "stop", the sensors (7a) and (7b), after detecting "presences" within their range of action, must detect time sequences "different" from those processed during the "transit" of people and / or objects in pr closeness of said access gates.

b.4) entry in person through the French door with door opening: main time sequence; 1st sensor (7a) switches from "off" to "on" (= distance measurement variations, due to the opening of the door and / or the presence of the person entering) 2.o sensor (7b) switches from " off "to" on "(detection of different variations in distance, due both to the movement of the person's arm and body and to the complete opening of the door) 1.o sensor (7a) goes to" off "(= no variation of measurement , ie the door is stationary and the person has passed the detection zone of the 1st sensor) 2nd sensor (7b) in “off '(= the person has“ entered ”the house).

At this point the microprocessor (4) to decide whether or not to activate the alarm procedure or to ask for further checks (using the "entry authorization code"), will check the total value of the previous "exits" from the home (or office or shop, etc.), making the "algebraic difference" with the overall total of the "entrances"; if this difference ("total exits" minus "total entrances") is a number greater than or equal to 1 (indicating that , prior to this entrance, one or more people "went out" to the garden and / or terrace) the microprocessor may decide (depending on what the end user has chosen during the initial installation of the device (1)) to request "Always" the "entry authorization code" (by typing it on the keyboard or by voice command) or not requesting it (and therefore allowing immediate entry, without further checks), but only in the following three cases;

- the number of people who have left (up to that moment) is higher than the number of people who have entered (ie in the garden and / or on the terrace there are still “other” people, who had previously left);

- the number of people who left (up to that moment) is equal to the number of people who entered (i.e. there is no one in the garden and / or on the terrace) and this number is equal to 1 (i.e. only left and then returned 1 person);

- the number of people who have left (up to that moment) is greater than 1. it is equal to the number of people who have entered (i.e. there is no one in the garden and / or on the terrace) and the last person enters the house takes place after several minutes (at least 10, 15 or other) from the return of the penultimate.

In the event that the number of inputs is higher than the number of previous outputs (it is also valid in the case of no previous output) it will mean (except for false alarms due to rare and anomalous cases, which in any case can be canceled by typing or pronouncing the code authorization to enter) who are entering (from the garden and / or from the terrace) of strangers probable aqgressors / robbers: in this case the microprocessor (4) will immediately activate the complete alarm procedure (i.e. activation of siren flashing light sending messages / sms of request for help to pre-established users).

The central module (2) will count and memorize the total number of outputs and the total of inputs (with signals coming from the various peripheral modules (3)) and will make the algebraic difference between the two totals, regardless of "which" door-window ( if there are more than one) people have entered or left; all this in order to avoid false alarms.

It is emphasized that in the event of incorrect processing (which failed to detect the entry of strangers / attackers), the alarm can always be activated "manually", ie by shouting near one of the peripheral modules (3) or central ( 2), or type on the keypad (10) a "very wrong" entry authorization code. Or utter very wrong voice commands; in the reverse case, however, the false alarms can be canceled using the "entry authorization" code '(typed on the keyboard or with voice commands). To allow the user to check (in advance) any errors or false alarms (and then correct them via the keyboard (10)), the total number of outputs and inputs in real time will be made visible (at any time) on the display (11) of each peripheral (3) and central (2) module (to obtain this the central module (2) must periodically send appropriate radio data-update signals to the various peripheral modules ( 3)) Those rare cases, which can create errors and ambiguities in the processing, will be immediately underlined by means of an audible (with buzzer (12)) and optical (on display (11)) signal from both the central module (2) and the peripheral module (3) interested, to allow the user to modify the environmental situation created (eg. he will understand that it is better not to stand in the area near the French window, and therefore he will move, etc.).

In the event that the user should (or was forced), in the presence of attackers, robbers, type or pronounce the "entry authorization code <1> ', it will be sufficient to type (or pronounce) a" very wrong "code (eg numbers or words completely different from the exact code) to make the microprocessor (4) immediately understand that it is not an error on the part of the user but of his desire to launch a manual alarm signal; in this case the preferred procedure (but other procedures will also be possible) will be that of not activating the flasher siren (16) (in order not to alert the robber, thus avoiding further aggression to the user) but only sending phone calls (pre-recorded messages and / or sms) alarm to pre-established users (highlighting that the robbers have already entered the house).

b.5) entry in person through the French door with the door already open:

main time sequence: 1st sensor (7a) switches from "off 'to" on "(= few variations in distance measurement, due to the presence of the person entering) 2.o sensor (7b) switches from" off to "On" (detection of a few variations in distance, due only to the movement of the person) 1.o sensor (7a) goes to "off '(no variation of measurement, ie the door is stationary and the person has already passed the detection of the 1st sensor) 2nd sensor (7b) in “off (= the person has“ entered ”the house). Also for case b.5) all the considerations and elaborations made for case b are valid. 4).

c) Entrance through "window"

This is the simplest case, since once the entry of one or more people from the window (s) has been ascertained, the microprocessor (4) (of module (2)), after having received the radio signals from the module (3) relative to the window subject to intrusion by strangers, will immediately activate the complete alarm procedure (siren, flasher phone calls). c.1) stop of the user near the window and its opening:

main time sequence: 2nd sensor (7b) switches from "off 'to" on "(presence / approach of the user to the window) 1st sensor (7a) switches from" off' to "on" (the user is near the window handle and is opening it); all regular (what will happen next to the window, after such detections, will be completely irrelevant).

c.2) entry in person / s from the window:

main time sequence: 1st sensor (7a) switches from "off 'to" on "(variations in distance measurement, due to the opening / forcing of the window and / or the presence of the person / robber who is entering the window) 2 .o sensor (7b) goes from "off 'to" on "(detection of distance variations, due to the movement of the person's body) 1, o sensor (7a) goes to" off (no measurement variation, ie the window is stationary and the person has passed the detection zone of the 1st sensor) 2nd sensor (7b) in “off '(the person / robber has“ entered ”the house): immediate activation of the alarm.

Special cases

a) sequential exit from the French door of two or more people very close to each other In the event that two or more people exit one behind the other, so close that the two external sensors, the 2nd (7b) and the 1st .o (7a), both fail to go "off" for a certain time (ie for a certain time they continue to detect the passage of "people", without pauses), the microprocessor (4) will process the data sequences provided by the sensors (7) like this:

if: 2.o sensor (7b) goes from "off 'to" on "1.o (7a) goes to" on "2.o (7b) remains in" on "(continues to measure, more or less, the same distance measured previously) the (7a) remains in "on" (continues to measure, more or less, the same distance measured previously) 2.o (7b) goes to "off 1 or (7a) goes to" off '= exit of 2 people

if: 2.o sensor (7b) goes from "off 'to" on "1.o (7a) goes to" on "2, a (7b) remains in" on "1.o (7a) remains in" on " "2.o (7b) remains in" on "(for another time) 1.o (7a) remains" on "(for another time) 2.o (7b) goes to" off '1.o (7a) goes in "off '= exit of 3 people: also calculating how long the more or less constant measurement" continues "(less than a few centimeters or 1-2 tens of cm.) of the detection distance by the two sensors (7a and 7b), it will be possible to ascertain whether 3 or more people have left (one after the other).

This case could be confused (thus creating incorrect elaborations) with the case of “one or more people stop by the French window, without going out” (that is, they all go back into the house without going out); to avoid errors, the microprocessor (4), in addition to processing the measurement of the detection "distance" and the "time" in which this measurement is more or less constant, will also ascertain which of the two external sensors (7a or 7b) goes first in "off" (i.e. measure a very different distance from the previous one or measure a distance out of range which is equivalent to detecting "no presence"). If between the 2 sensors it will be the 2.o (7b) (the farthest from the French ) to go "off" first will mean that people have "left", if instead the 1st sensor (7a) goes to "off first" it will mean that there has been a "stop in person" which then they went back into the house without going out. The main timeline is as follows:

2.o sensor (7b) goes from "off" to "on" 1.o (7a) goes to "on" 2.o (7b) stays in "on" (continues to measure, more or less, the same distance previously measured) 1.o (7a) remains in "on" (continues to measure, more or less, the same distance measured previously) 1.o (7a) goes to "off" 2.o (7b) from " on ”switches to“ off after a longer time than usual (in fact two people pass, one behind the other) = stop of 2 people without going out.

The case of "stop of two people near the French window and then only one goes out and the other returns to the house" will be handled as follows:

2.o sensor (7b) goes from "off" to 'On' 1.o (7a) goes to "on" 2.o (7b) stays in "on" (continues to measure, more or less, the same distance previously measured) 1 o remains in "on" (continues to measure, more or less, the same distance measured previously) 1.o (7a) goes to "off" 2.o (7b) goes from "on" to "Off" in the usual time taken to detect the passage of a single person.

b) sequential entry from the French door of two or more people very close to each other Since in this case they are "entrances", the calculations and arguments are reversed compared to the previous case a).

c) stop with a momentary / partial passage through the French window (and then go back); it will be considered a regular situation, in the same way as a "no-go" in person and therefore the overall total of "exits" will not be increased.

The main timeline is as follows:

2.o sensor (7b) switches from "off 'to" on "1.o (7a) switches from" off "to" on "(= detection of person / s near the door that can also be opened) 2.o (7b) remains in "on" (continues to measure, more or less, the same distance measured previously, ie to detect the presence of person / s again) 1.o (7a) remains in "on" (continues to measure , more or less, the same distance measured previously) 2, or (7b) goes to "off" (= no longer detects the presence of a person) 1.o (7a) goes to "off" (= the person is just exit) 1.o (7a) returns to "on" (= the person is returning) 2.o (7b) from "off switches to" on "(the person is returning) l.o (7a) switches to" off person has moved away from the sensor) 2.o (7b) goes to “off (the person has also moved away from this sensor and has definitively returned to the house).

As already specified it is important, for the purpose of correct processing of "transit direction" (inbound and outbound), to verify that all the detection and distance measurement sensors (7) are in "off", that is, that they detect (each for itself) the same "constant" distance measurement with respect to previous measurements, meaning that there have been no variations (= off).

d) French door or window slamming back and forth, without the presence of people. Regular condition, no increase in the total "exits" (in the case of French windows). The main timeline is as follows:

1.0 sensor (7a) switches from "off 'to" on "(the French door or window is opening) 2.0 (7b) switches from" off' to "on" or remains in "off ' "opens the French door or window) 2.o (7b) remains in" on "or" off (continues to measure, more or less, the same distance measured previously) 1, or (7a) remains in " on "but measures a" different "distance from that measured previously (ie the door is slamming, closing) 1.o (7a) remains" on "but continues to measure a" different "distance from the previous one, ie the door is slamming, opening) 2.o (7b) remains in "off" (ie it does not detect the door because it is out of its detection range) or it remains in "on" but measures a distance "different" from that measured previously (ie the door is banging, opening) and so on.

It is important to underline that, being the measurement of the detection distance (and the duration of the measurement constant) of opening (or closing) of the French door (or window) "very different" from the measurement of distance (and the duration of the measurement constant) of detection of the human body, the microprocessor (4) will not be able to make processing errors; it will in fact be able to easily "distinguish" (even without the data provided by the sensor (8)) the case of detection of "human being in motion" from that of "moving door, open or closed" or "moving object",

e) French door or window that slams once and then remains open (no people). opening (or closing) of the French door (or of the window) is very different from the measurement of the detection distance (and the duration of the constant measurement) of a human body, the microprocessor (4) will not be able to make errors in processing any guy.

f) French door or window that slams once and then remains closed (no people) The fundamental considerations made in the previous points e) and d) apply.

g) the French door is opened by the user to let a dog or a person out; the door remains open for some time, then the dog or person re-enters and the French window is closed. The main timeline is as follows;

2, o sensor (7b) switches from "off" to "on" t.o (7a) switches from "off 'to" on "(the French window is opened by the user who moves a little) 2.o (7b) remains in "on" but probably measures a "different" distance from that measured previously (the dog and / or the other person is leaving) 1, or (7a) remains in "on" but measures a "different" distance from the one measured previously (the dog and / or the other person are leaving) 2.o (7b) remains in "on" but measures a "different" distance from that measured previously (the door remains open) 1.o (7a) goes to "off '(it does not measure any variation as the door remains open) 2.o (7b) goes to" off <1> (it does not measure any variation as the door remains open); increase in the total count of " exits ": 1.o (7a) switches from" off 'to "on" (the dog or person is returning) + 2.o (7b) switches from "off' to" on "(the dog or person is returning) 1.o (7a) goes to “off '2.o (7b) goes to“ off ”(the dog or the person has returned); comparison between total output count and total input count to check if the situation is regular or dangerous; 2, o sensor (7b) switches from "off" to "on" (the French door is closing) 1.o (7a) switches from "off" to "on" (the French door has been closed) 1. o sensor (7a) goes "off" 2.0 (7b) goes "off (also the user who closed the door has moved away). h) the peripheral module (3) is completely covered by a" curtain "

Given that a curtain, in many cases, should not create particular operating problems for the sensors (7) (to check the "direction of movement"), in this case the "human presence" sensor (8) will be of greater help. which will certainly detect sudden and anomalous variations in the event of the passage of people; the microprocessor (4), if it does not have (from the sensors (7)) clear and precise measurements of distances (and their duration) (which can safely indicate the "direction" of the movement), will request (at each detection of persons) a 'further verification by entering the “entry authorization code”.

i) the peripheral module (3) is completely covered by the "open door"

If the user decides to keep open (for a certain period of time) both wings of a French door (if there are French doors with two wings) or a window, the sensors (7a) and (7b) they will always measure (as long as the two leaves remain open) the same distance and therefore will not be able to detect the passage of people and their "direction"; perhaps only the sensor (8) will be able to detect their passage (but this will be insufficient because we will not be able to know the "Direction" of motion). In this case it is as if that peripheral module (3) were (deliberately) "deactivated": this situation will be highlighted by a periodic audible warning (via buzzer (12)), as well as, thanks to the sensor ( 8), the passage of people will be highlighted (also on the display (11)).

Alarm activation / deactivation code and entrance authorization code For greater convenience, it is preferable that there is only one (secret) code to be entered (or a soy secret phrase to be pronounced), both to activate and deactivate the "alarm" function (robbery theft ) and to authorize, allow entry (the so-called "entry authorization" code) to anyone in the home (shop, office, etc.) while the device (1) is operating as an "anti-theft anti-theft". In order to use a single code for these 3 different operating types, the microprocessor (4) of the central module (2) and / or of the peripheral modules (3) of the device (1), will operate with the following preferred method of execution:

a) the "anti-theft anti-theft" function can be activated (if already deactivated) or deactivated (if already activated) only from inside the house; the detection (through the usual sensors (7a) and (7b), plus the sensor ( 7c) if provided, and the "entrance" sensor (8)) of people will not allow the "alarm" function to be activated or deactivated (by users), but will only be able to allow, authorize (by typing and / or pronouncing the only code supplied) the input without activating any alarm. b) the deactivation and activation of the entire device (1) can only be carried out in the central module (2); the various peripheral modules (3) can activate and deactivate only that precise module (and therefore deactivate and reactivate only that precise access gate). The reactivation or deactivation of the entire device (1) will cancel any '' partial "activation or deactivation of one or more peripheral modules (3).

c) in the event that a user, returning to the house, is threatened by a robber (who, for example, was waiting for him outside the entrance door) and wants to launch a "silent alarm" (ie without the robber noticing) , it will be sufficient for you to type on the keyboard (10) (or pronounce near the form (15) -if present-), being obliged (otherwise the alarm would be triggered), a very incorrect "entry authorization" code in order to make the microprocessor (4) understand immediately that it was not an error but a request for help; at this point the device (1) will pretend to accept the code entered (or pronounced) as valid, while the central module (2 ) (after having received through module (13) a specific radio alarm signal coming from the peripheral module (3) concerned), through its data transmission module in cellular telephony (14), it will send one or more phone calls (messages, sms, etc.) alarm to all pre-established users without att activate any siren (16) and buzzer (12), to prevent the robber from understanding the deception and attacking the user, d) the "anti-theft anti-theft" alarm function will always be active (24h / 24h) until deactivated ( via secret code).

To launch a "manual" alarm, in addition to typing (or pronouncing) a "very wrong" authorization code, you can also type in an "other" precise code (obviously different from the "entry authorization" one) which will immediately activate the "alarm" procedure.

ATTENTION: it is understood, however, that the invention must not be considered limited to the particular arrangement illustrated so far, which constitutes only an exemplary embodiment thereof, but that various variants will be possible, all within the reach of a person skilled in the art, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention itself, as defined by the following claims.

Claims (34)

R I V E N D I C AZ I O N I - CLAIMS OF METHOD (OF PROCEDURE) 1) Processing and control method designed to detect, automatically and without false alarms, "robberies" and / or "thefts" even in the presence of users in "free movement" within the place to be controlled (home, office, shop , etc.), characterized by the fact that it includes at least the following phases: a) acquisition, storage, processing and transmission of information from sensors and / or control equipment installed near one or more "access gates" (doors, French windows and / or windows) of the place to be controlled, for verification, without errors, of "presences, objects and / or obstacles" in the vicinity of said gates, with processing of the measurement of the "distance" of detection of said presences, obstacles or objects, and of the "duration" of the various different measurements : b) detection and processing of the "transit direction" of people and / or objects, or their "stop", in the vicinity of said one or more access gates; c) counting and processing of the total number of people "out" and the total number of people "entered" in the place to be checked; d) acquisition, storage, processing and transmission of information from sensors and / or control equipment installed near one or more access gates of the place to be controlled, for the verification and identification, without errors, of "human" presences, moving or parked near these gates; e) request, in specific cases, for further checks that cancel the situation of pre-alarm or uncertainty created, by forwarding a specific and predetermined "entry authorization" code; f) activation of a special "alarm" procedure, in the event of ascertained intrusion of robbers, attackers and / or thieves inside the place to be controlled. 2) Processing and control method as in 1, characterized by what said phase a), for the verification, without errors, of presences and / or objects in the vicinity of said access gates of the place to be controlled (home, office, shop , etc.), includes the activation of two or more presence detection sensors and / or objects / obstacles arranged in such a way that at least one first sensor (7a) controls the area "closest" to the access passage (door, door -window or window) and at least a second sensor (7b) controls an area "farther" than the one controlled by said first sensor (7a), thus also obtaining the possibility of identifying the "direction" of movement in the vicinity of said gates. 3) Processing and control method as in 1 and 2, characterized by what said sensors (7a) and (7b), to detect and distinguish the various presences detected, measure the "distance" of detection of the person, obstacle and / or object. 4) Processing and control method as in 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that, in order to detect and distinguish the various presences detected, the "duration" of the various measurements, different from each other, carried out by said sensors is also processed (7a ) and (7b) detection of presences, obstacles or objects. 5) Processing and control method as in 3 and 4, characterized by the fact that the measurement of the detection "distances" and their temporal "duration" allows to detect both the "presence" and the "absence" of people and / or moving and / or parked objects near the access gates of the place to be controlled. 6) Processing and control method as in 5, characterized by the fact that the measurement of the detection "distances" and their temporal "duration" also allows to "distinguish" between them, being very different measures and durations, the detection of "People" from that of "doors, objects or obstacles". 7) Processing and control method as in 5, characterized by the fact that the "presence" of people and / or objects, moving and / or parked near the access gates of the place to be controlled, will be ascertained by measuring “Sudden and significant variations' <1> in sensing distance, compared to previous measured values. 8) Processing and control method as in 5, characterized by the fact that the "absence" of people and / or objects near the access gates of the place to be controlled, will be ascertained by measuring the "same" detection distance, that is, of "no variation" of measurement, fast and significant, compared to previous measured values. 9) Processing and control method as in 1 and 2, characterized by what said phase b), of detecting and processing the "direction of transit" of people and / or objects, in the vicinity of said access gates, includes the identification of "which" of the two sensors (7a) and (7b) detects said presences "first". 10) Processing and control method as in 1, 2, 5 and 9, characterized by what said phase b), of detecting and processing the "direction of transit" of people and / or objects, in the vicinity of said access gates , also includes the verification that the sensor that will have detected "first" of the presences within its range of action, must, always first, also detect the absence of said presences. 11) Processing and control method as in 1, 2, 5 and 10, characterized by what said phase b), of detecting and processing the "direction of transit" of people and / or objects, in the vicinity of said access gates , also includes the verification that "both" sensors, (7a) and (7b), one after the other, must first detect the "presence" and then the "absence" of said presences within their range of action / detection . 12) Processing and control method as in the previous claims, characterized by what said "transit direction" will be "outgoing" if the sensor (7b) is the first to detect presence and then absence of people and / or objects, or the one, between the two, “farther” from the access passage (door, French window and window). 13) Processing and control method as in the previous claims, characterized by what said "transit direction" will be "inbound" if the sensor (7a) is the first to detect the presence and then the absence of people and / or objects. the one, between the two, "closest" to the access passage (door, French window and window). 14) Processing and control method as in the previous claims, characterized by what said step b), of detecting and processing the "stop" of people and / or objects in the vicinity of said access gates, comprises ascertaining that said sensors (7a) and (7b), after having detected "presences" within their range of action, they will have to detect temporal sequences of measures "different" from those processed during the "transit" of people and / or objects in the vicinity of said access gates . 15) Processing and control method as in the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to avoid processing errors, said presence detection sensors (7a) and (7b) will preferably be arranged in such a way that in the shadow area, that is, in the space between the two detection zones of the sensors, "one person" can be contained. 16) Method of processing and control as in 1, 2, 12 and 13, characterized by what said phase c), of counting and processing the total number of people "out" and the total number of people "entered" in the place to be checking includes an increase of one unit to the corresponding total whenever an "exit" or "entrance" in person is ascertained, preferably only in the vicinity of "French windows" type gates. 17) Processing and control method as in 1 and 16, characterized by the fact that if the total number of "inputs" is "higher" than the total number of previous "outputs", this can immediately activate a “Alarm”, as it is considered a situation of danger of robbery and / or theft. 18) Processing and control method as in 1 and 16, characterized by the fact that in the event that the number of the total "inputs" is "less than or equal" to the total number of the previous "outputs", this will be considered as a regular situation, without danger, or, in ambiguous cases, as a situation to be further verified by requesting the transmission of a specific "entry authorization code". 19) Processing and control method as in 1, characterized by what said phase d), for the verification and identification of "human presences" in motion or in proximity of said access gates, includes one or more sensors (8 ) detection of "human body", approaching, moving away or parked, in the vicinity of said gates, detecting said sensor (8) "fast and significant variations" of its electrical parameters only in the presence of "human beings" in its vicinity . 20) Processing and control method as in 19, characterized by that one of the electrical parameters of said sensor (8), which will undergo "fast and high variations" in the presence of human beings nearby, is the capacity (preferably measured in picoFarad ) of a “variable virtual capacitor” (8b). 21) Processing and control method as in 20, characterized by the fact that the two plates of said "variable virtual capacitor" (8b) consist of an "antenna" (8a) and the "body" of the person present in the vicinity of the sensor (8). 22) Processing and control method as in claim 20, characterized by the fact that the capacity of said “variable virtual capacitor” (8b) will increase in case the person's body approaches the antenna (8a) and will decrease in case of moving away. 23) Processing and control method as in 19 and 20, characterized by what said "variable virtual capacitor" (8b) is preferably associated with two radiofrequency oscillators, one (8d) operating at a fixed frequency and the other (6c) directly connected to said capacitor (8b) and therefore operating at variable frequency. 24) Processing and control method as in claim 23, characterized by the fact that, to improve the sensitivity and range of action of said sensor (8), said two radiofrequency oscillators will then be associated with a "mixer" circuit (8g) for determine the value of the "difference" between the two working frequencies of said oscillators. 25) Method of processing and control as in 24, characterized by what when the value of the frequency, obtained from the "difference" between the two working frequencies of said oscillators (8c) and (8d), will be in "fast and high increase "will mean that one or more people are" getting closer "to said sensor (8), and therefore to the access gate, and vice versa, when said frequency" decreases quickly ", the person will be" moving away ". 26) Processing and control method as in 24 and 25, characterized by that when the value of said frequency, obtained from the "difference" between the two working frequencies of said oscillators (8c) and (8d), after the detection of fast and high variations, it will then become "fairly constant or in any case slowly variable" will mean that the person is "parked" near the access gate. 27) Processing and control method as in 1, characterized by what said phase a), for the verification of presences and / or objects in the vicinity of said access gates of the place to be controlled (home, office, shop, etc.) , also includes, for a better and effective data collection, the optional use of a third sensor (7c) for detecting presence and / or objects / obstacles, arranged in such a way as to control the intermediate zone between the scanning / detection zones of the two sensors (7a) and (7b). 28) Method of processing and control as in 1, characterized by what said phase e), for the request, in specific cases, of further checks that cancel the situation of pre-alarm or uncertainty created, includes the forwarding of a specific and predetermined "entry authorization" code. 29) Processing and control method as in 28, characterized by what said "entry authorization" code can be forwarded, to the various modules (2) and / or (3) of the device (1), by manual entry through keyboard (10) and display (11). 30) Processing and control method as in 28, characterized by what said "entry authorization" code can be forwarded to the various modules (2) and / or (3) of the invented device (1), by means of precise commands voice, previously pre-memorized by users, by means of the vocal synthesis module (15). 31) Processing and control method as in 28, characterized by the fact that in the event that a "very wrong" entry authorization code is sent, this will immediately activate the "alarm" procedure. 32) Processing and control method as in 28, characterized by what said “entry authorization” code, once forwarded, “cancels” any false alarms or pre-alarms created. 33) Method of processing and control as in 1, characterized by what said phase f), of activation of a special "alarm" procedure in case of ascertained intrusion of robber, aggressor and / or thieves inside the place to be controlled, includes the automatic activation, depending on the case, of acoustic and optical alarms and / or the sending of special pre-recorded telephone calls or messages / sms to pre-established remote users. 34) Processing and control method as in 1, characterized by what said "alarm" procedure can also be activated manually by means of "loud screams" emitted near a special microphone (9) associated with the various modules (2) and / or ( 3) of the device (1). - MACHINE CLAIMS (PRODUCT) 35) Processing and control device (1) designed to detect, automatically and without false alarms, "robberies" and / or "thefts" even in the presence of users in "free movement" within the place to be controlled (home, office , shop, etc.), characterized by the fact that said device (1) includes: a) one or more data acquisition, control, storage, processing and transmission modules, installed near one or more access gates (doors, French doors and / or windows) of the place to be controlled, characterized by the fact that they include: - means for identify "presences, objects and / or obstacles" in the vicinity of said gates, with processing of the measurement of the "distance" of detection of said presences, obstacles and / or objects, and of the "duration" of the various different measurements; - means for detecting and processing the "direction of transit" of people and / or objects, or their "stop", in the vicinity of said access gates; - means for the identification of "human" presences, moving or parked in proximity of said gates; - means for counting and processing the total number of people "out" and the total number of people "entered" in the place to be checked; - means for requesting and forwarding any "entry authorization" code; - means for the automatic or manual activation of a special "alarm" procedure, in the event of an ascertained intrusion of robbers, attackers and / or thieves within the place to be controlled; - "alarm" means; - means of "data transmission and reception"; - means of "processing and storing" the collected data. 36) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said one or more data acquisition, control, storage, processing and transmission modules are placed to control at least the "most dangerous" access gates, and preferably divided into a module "Centered" (2) and in one or more "peripheral" modules (3), communicating with each other via radio frequency and / or cable signals. 37) Device (t) as in claim 36, characterized in that said central module (2) is preferably installed near the "main entrance door" of the place to be controlled. 38) Device (1) as in claim 36, characterized in that said one or more peripheral modules (3) are preferably installed in proximity to "secondary entrance doors, French windows and / or windows" of the place to be controlled. 39) Device (1) as in claim 36, characterized by the fact that said central module (2) and said one or more peripheral modules (3), are preferably installed in the wall / area closest to the opening handle of the access passage (door , French door and / or window) and in any case in the area closest to the passage of people through said passages. 40) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said means for identifying "presences, objects and / or obstacles" in the vicinity of said access gates, with processing of the measurement of the "distance" for detecting said presences, obstacles and / or objects, and the "duration" of the various measurements which differ from each other, comprise "two or more sensors" (7) for detecting presence and measuring the detection distance. 41) Device (1) as in claim 40, characterized in that said two or more sensors (7) for detecting presence and measuring the detection distance are preferably of the "ultrasonic" type. 42) Device (1) as in claim 40, characterized in that said two or more sensors (7) for detecting presence and measuring the detection distance are arranged, inside the modules (2) and / or (3), in so that at least one first sensor (7a) controls the "closest" area to the access passage (door, French window and / or window) and at least one second sensor (7b) controls an area "farther" than the controlled one from said first sensor (7a), thereby also obtaining the possibility of identifying the "direction" of movement in proximity to said access gates. 43) Device (1) as in claim 40, characterized by the fact that said sensors (7) for detecting presence and measuring distance of detection also preferably comprise at least a third sensor (7c) arranged inside the modules (2) and / or (3), in such a way as to control the "intermediate" zone, comprised between the scanning / detection zones of the two sensors (7a) and (7b). 44) Device (1) as in 35 and 42, characterized by the fact that said means for detecting and processing the "direction of transit" of people and / or objects, and / or their "stop", in the vicinity of said access gates comprise two or more sensors (7) for detecting presence and measuring the detection distance. 45) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said means for identifying "human '<1> presences, moving or parked near said gates, comprise at least one sensor (8) for detecting" human body "approaching, moving away or parked, in proximity of said passages, detecting said sensor (8)" fast and significant variations "of its electrical parameters only in the presence of human beings in its vicinity. 46) Device (1) as in 45, characterized by the fact that said sensor (8) is preferably composed of at least one "variable virtual capacitor" (8b), of an "antenna" (8a), of two radiofrequency oscillators, one (8d) operating at fixed frequency and the other (8c) directly connected, via antenna (8a), with said virtual capacitor (8b) and therefore operating at variable frequency, and by a "mixer" circuit (8g) used for determine the value of the "difference" frequency between the two working frequencies of said oscillators (8c) and (8d), being then called "difference" frequency increasing, in case of "people" approaching said sensor (8), and decreasing in case of their removal. 47) Device (1) as in the previous claims, characterized by the fact that said means for counting the total number of people "out" and the total number of people "entering" the place to be controlled, comprise two or more sensors (7) presence and / or object detection and detection distance measurement, and at least one sensor (8) for detecting “human” presences. 48) Device (1) as in claim 35, characterized by the fact that said means for requesting and forwarding any "entry authorization" code comprise a keyboard (10), a display (11) preferably of the liquid crystal type ( Icd), and a warning buzzer (12). 49) Device (1) as in 35 and 48, characterized in that said means for requesting and forwarding any "entry authorization" code also comprise a complete vocal synthesis module (15), to pronounce and recognize a or more voice commands previously pre-memorized by users. 50) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said means for the "automatic" activation of a special "alarm" procedure, in the event of an automatic ascertained intrusion of robbers, attackers and / or thieves inside the site to be controlled, include the detections and measurements provided by the various sensors (7) and (8), as well as the related processing and counting performed by the central module (2). 51) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said means for the "manual" activation of a specific "alarm" procedure include the use of the keyboard (10), to type in an entry authorization code " very wrong ". 52) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said means for the "manual" activation of a special "alarm" procedure also include the use of a vocal synthesis module (15), to pronounce voice commands "very incorrect ". 53) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said means for the "manual" activation of a special "alarm" procedure also include a microphone (9) in which to emit "loud screams", indicating a request for help from the user 54) Device (1) as in claim 35, characterized in that said "alarm" means comprise the automatic activation of an audible buzzer (12) and of a siren (16) plus optical flasher. 55) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said '' alarm "means include the automatic sending of pre-recorded telephone calls and / or messages / sms, via mobile phone module (14). 56) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said means for data transmission and reception comprise a module (13) for "transmission and reception of radio frequency signals" to allow communication and data transfer between the central module (2) and any peripheral modules (3), and between the module (2) and the siren (16) and / or any radio control (21) supplied to the users. 57) Device (1) as in 35, characterized by the fact that said means for processing and storing the collected data include at least one microprocessor (4), memories (5) (ram, eprom, flash, etc.), logic and integrated control, stages and input / output connections, timer / clock (6) and so on.