IT8909542A1 - STEEL MARAGING WITH THE PRESENCE OF NI, MO, CO AND TI, AND ITS PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF CASTINGS - Google Patents
STEEL MARAGING WITH THE PRESENCE OF NI, MO, CO AND TI, AND ITS PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF CASTINGSInfo
- Publication number
- IT8909542A1 IT8909542A1 IT1989A09542A IT0954289A IT8909542A1 IT 8909542 A1 IT8909542 A1 IT 8909542A1 IT 1989A09542 A IT1989A09542 A IT 1989A09542A IT 0954289 A IT0954289 A IT 0954289A IT 8909542 A1 IT8909542 A1 IT 8909542A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- maraging steel
- maraging
- castings
- precipitation
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 229910001240 Maraging steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
- C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Descrizione dell'Invenzione Industriale dal titolo: "ACCIAIO MARAGING CON PRESENZA DI NI, MO, CO e TI, e SUO PROCEDIMENTO PER LA FORMAZIONE DI GETTI DI FUSIO= NE" Description of the Industrial Invention entitled: "STEEL MARAGING WITH THE PRESENCE OF NI, MO, CO and TI, and ITS PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF CASTINGS = NE"
RIASSUNTO SUMMARY
L'invenzione si riferisce ad un acci?iomaraging in cui le concentrazioni degli elementi in lega sono: NI17...19%, Mo 4...6%, Co 10...13 e Ti < 0,35%. L'acciaio ? adatto per la produzione di getti di fu= sione . The invention refers to an acci? Iomaraging in which the concentrations of the alloying elements are: NI17 ... 19%, Mo 4 ... 6%, Co 10 ... 13 and Ti <0.35%. The steel? suitable for the production of castings.
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
L'invenzione si riferisce ad un tipo particolare di acciaio maraging, alla sua produzione e al suo im= piego. The invention relates to a particular type of maraging steel, its production and its use.
Gli acciai cosiddetti maraging sono noti fin dal I960. Questi acciai sono martensiti ferro-nichel che vengono indurite per precipitazione dei componenti in termetallici contenenti Mo e Ti. Di norma, essi sono stati usati in prodotti lavorati. The so-called maraging steels have been known since I960. These steels are iron-nickel martensites which are hardened by precipitation of the thermetallic components containing Mo and Ti. As a rule, they were used in processed products.
E', stato ora inventato un acciaio di tipi mara= ging di una certa composizione che pu? anche essere usato per prodotti da fondere ed in particolare per prodotti fusi di grande sezione. It has now been invented a steel of mara = ging types of a certain composition that can? it can also be used for products to be melted and in particular for large section melted products.
L'invenzione ed alcune delle sue forme di attuazione saranno specificate dettagliatamente nelle rivendicazioni del brevetto. L'acciaio contiene come elementi di lega Ni da circa 17 al 19%, Mo da circa 4 a 6%, Co da circa 10 a 13%, e Ti circa < 0,35%. The invention and some of its embodiments will be detailed in the patent claims. Steel contains as alloying elements Ni from about 17 to 19%, Mo from about 4 to 6%, Co from about 10 to 13%, and Ti about <0.35%.
Verranno appresso descritte in dettaglio alcune for= me di attuazione dell'invenzione. Some embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below.
L'acciaio di tipo maraging ? una lega a base di fer ro che viene sottoposto a ricottura di soluzione nel cam po dell'austenite e che, col raffreddamento a temperatu= ra ambiente, diventa martensitico. La reazione della mar tensite ? indotta dalla notevole quantit? di elementi in lega dell'acciaio. I!composti intermetallici sono fatti precipitare nella martensite con la ricottura di precipi tazione in una gamma di temperatura da circa 400 a 600?C. Per i composti intermetallici, almeno due dei seguenti elementi leganti sono messi in lega nell'acciaio: cobal= to, molibdeno e titanio. La resistenza e la durezza del= l'acciaio dipendono da questo processo di precipitazione come anche dalla matrice martensitica. Il carbonio costituisce un'impurit?, e la sua concentrazione deve essere al massimo dello 0,05%, preferibilmente un massimo di 0,02% e nel caso di grandi getti, non superiore a 0,01%. The maraging steel? an iron-based alloy which is subjected to solution annealing in the austenite field and which, upon cooling to room temperature, becomes martensitic. The reaction of mar tensite? induced by the considerable amount? of steel alloy elements. The intermetallic compounds are precipitated in martensite by precipitation annealing over a temperature range of about 400 to 600 ° C. For intermetallic compounds, at least two of the following alloying elements are alloyed in the steel: cobalt, molybdenum and titanium. The strength and hardness of the steel depend on this precipitation process as well as on the martensitic matrix. Carbon constitutes an impurity, and its concentration must be a maximum of 0.05%, preferably a maximum of 0.02% and in the case of large jets, not more than 0.01%.
Le concentrazioni degli elementi in lega in un ac= ciaio maraging per impieghi secondo l'invenzione sono: The concentrations of the alloying elements in a maraging steel for uses according to the invention are:
Le concentrazioni massime delle impurit? sono: The maximum concentrations of impurities? I am:
Una delle impurit? critiche ? il carbonio il quale, col raffreddamento lento, forma rilevanti precipitazioni di Ti(C;N) ai bordi dei grani riducendo di conseguenza la tenacit?. One of the impurities? criticisms? carbon which, with slow cooling, forms significant precipitations of Ti (C; N) at the grain boundaries, consequently reducing the toughness.
L'acciaio ? prodotto in modo ottimale mediante il cosiddetto processo VOLO (Vacuum Oxygen Lecarburization Converter) cio? il metodo di decarburazione con ossigeno sotto vuoto mediante convert itore. In questo modo vengo= no ottenute in modo ottimale concentrazioni di C, S, H, 0 e N necessariamente basse. The steel? optimally produced by the so-called VOLO process (Vacuum Oxygen Lecarburization Converter) that is? the method of decarburization with oxygen under vacuum by means of a converter. In this way, necessarily low concentrations of C, S, H, 0 and N are optimally obtained.
Le propriet? meccaniche dell'acciaio sono le seguen ti: The properties mechanics of steel are the following:
Prova d 'urto con provetta Charpy (intaglio a V) Shock test with Charpy tube (V-notch)
tenacit? a frattura toughness at fracture
le temperature tipiche del trattamento termico sono: omogeneizzazione a circa 1200?C the typical temperatures of the heat treatment are: homogenization at about 1200 ° C
ricottura di soluzione a circa 900?C indurimento per precipitazione a circa 450?C. solution annealing at about 900 ° C precipitation hardening at about 450 ° C.
Variazioni nel tempo di precipitazione non hanno un effetto significativo sulle propriet? meccaniche. Variations in precipitation time do not have a significant effect on the properties. mechanical.
Anche la saldabilit? dell'acciaio ? buona nel caso di grandi sezioni trasversali. Le propriet? meccaniche nella zona do saldatura corrispondono alle propriet? del materiale di base. I migliori risultati si ottengono quan do la saldatura ? effettuata prima della ricottura di so= luzione e dell?indurimento per precipitazione, la composi, zione del materiale di saldatura ? sostanzialmente la stessa del metallo base. Il preriscaldamento non ? necessario. Si raccomanda di usare bassa energia nella saldatura. Also the weldability? of steel? good in the case of large cross sections. The properties mechanics in the welding area correspond to the properties? of the base material. Are the best results obtained when welding? carried out before solution annealing and precipitation hardening, the composition of the welding material? substantially the same as the base metal. The preheating does not? necessary. It is recommended to use low energy in welding.
l'acciaio pu? essere lavorato alle macchine uten sili allo stato ricotto di soluzione. Pertanto le propriet? di lavorabilit? alle macchine (cio? per asportazione di truciolo) corrispandono alle propriet? dell'acciaio martensitico AISI 4340 indurito allo stesso valore di du rezza (30...35 HRC). the steel can? be machined on the tooling machines in the solution annealed state. Therefore the properties? of workability? to the machines (ie for chip removal) correspond to the properties? of martensitic AISI 4340 steel hardened to the same hardness value (30 ... 35 HRC).
Allo stato indurito per precipitazione, la durezza dell'acciaio ? 50...53 HRC. In questa condizione la ve= locit? di taglio alle macchine in relazione alla durata in servizio dell'utensile ? quasi due volte maggiore che nel caso dell'acciaio AISI 4340 indurito alla duretia corrispondente. Nel caso dell'acciaio secondo la presen= te invenzione non ?, tuttavia, normalmente necessario eseguire la lavorazione allo stato indurito per precipita = zione, poich? le variazioni dimensionali al momento del= la precipitazione sono molto piccole, cio? solo del 0,05% circa In the precipitation hardened state, the hardness of the steel? 50 ... 53 HRC. In this condition the ve = locit? of cutting to the machines in relation to the service life of the tool? almost twice as high as in the case of AISI 4340 steel hardened to the corresponding duretia. In the case of the steel according to the present invention, however, it is not normally necessary to carry out the machining in the precipitated hardened state, since the dimensional variations at the moment of = the precipitation are very small, that is? only about 0.05%
Dall'acciaio ? possibile ricavare, specialmente con lavorazione a macchina, pezzi di grandi sezioni trasver= sali nel modo seguente: From steel? It is possible to obtain, especially with machining, pieces of large transversal sections = salts in the following way:
1 . Viene ricavato un pezzo greggio da un acciaio ma= raging del tipo descritto sopra mediante fusione (durezza 280. ..320 HV). 1. A blank is obtained from a raging steel of the type described above by casting (hardness 280. ..320 HV).
2. Il greggio viene sgrossato a macchina. 2. The crude is roughed by machine.
3. Le tensioni vengono eliminate con distensione a 800...900?C, seguita da raffreddamento in aria (le tensio= ni possono derivare, per es., da una non uniforme lavo, razione alle macchine utensili). 3. The tensions are eliminated with stress relieving at 800 ... 900 ° C, followed by cooling in air (the tensions can derive, for example, from an uneven working on the machine tools).
4? Viene eseguita la lavorazione finale a macchina. 4? Final machining is carried out.
5. Viene ottenuto l?indurimento per precipitazione alla durezza finale (500...800 HV) a 450...530?C con raffreddamento in aria. 5. The hardening is obtained by precipitation to the final hardness (500 ... 800 HV) at 450 ... 530? C with cooling in air.
6. Viene eseguita la finitura. 6. Finishing is performed.
In confronto con un procedimento di lavorazione del 10 stesso pezzo in cui viene usato un acciaio da utensi= 11 ultra-duro convenzionale, si ottengono i seguenti van taggi : In comparison with a process of machining the same part in which a conventional tool steel = 11 is used, the following advantages are obtained:
- almeno tre fasi di lavorazione a macchina o di trattamento termico sono evitate, - at least three machining or heat treatment steps are avoided,
- si realizzano economie nel costo del trattamento termico , - savings are achieved in the cost of heat treatment,
- si ottengono tempi di consegna pi? brevi, - you get longer delivery times? short,
- si realizzano economie nel costo della lavorazio= ne a macchina (poich? il materiale indurito non deve es= sere lavorato alle macchine), - savings are achieved in the cost of machining (since the hardened material does not have to be machined),
- si evitano incrinature e deformazioni durante il trattamento termico. - Cracks and deformations are avoided during heat treatment.
Oggetti d'uso per l'acciaio secondo l'invenzione so no in particolare: Articles of use for the steel according to the invention are in particular:
- utensili per pressofusione dell'alluminio, - tools for aluminum die casting,
- stampi per presse a iniezione e utensili per estru sione delle plastiche, - molds for injection molding machines and tools for extrusion of plastics,
- utensili per punzonatura e stampaggio di piastre metalliche, - tools for punching and stamping metal plates,
- strutture resistenti alle pressioni nelle profondi t? marine, - structures resistant to pressure in the deep t? marine,
- camere per motori di razzi, - rocket engine chambers,
- applicazioni aereonautichee spaziali, - aeronautical and space applications,
- utensili di estrusione per alluminio, - extrusion tools for aluminum,
- attrezzature di atterraggio per aerei da guerra ed elicotteri, - landing equipment for warplanes and helicopters,
- pale di rotori, molle e sedi per pompe, - rotor blades, springs and seats for pumps,
- impianti idraulici, - plumbing systems,
- molle, - soft,
- indicatori per misure di potenza. - indicators for power measurements.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI884669A FI84369C (en) | 1988-10-11 | 1988-10-11 | Maraging steel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IT8909542A1 true IT8909542A1 (en) | 1991-04-10 |
Family
ID=8527180
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT00954289A IT1236217B (en) | 1988-10-11 | 1989-10-10 | MARAGING STEEL WITH THE PRESENCE OF NI, MO, CO AND TI, AND ITS PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF CASTING JETS |
| IT1989A09542A IT8909542A1 (en) | 1988-10-11 | 1989-10-10 | STEEL MARAGING WITH THE PRESENCE OF NI, MO, CO AND TI, AND ITS PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF CASTINGS |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT00954289A IT1236217B (en) | 1988-10-11 | 1989-10-10 | MARAGING STEEL WITH THE PRESENCE OF NI, MO, CO AND TI, AND ITS PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF CASTING JETS |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3933782A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI84369C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2637615B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2223763B (en) |
| IT (2) | IT1236217B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2685707A1 (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1993-07-02 | Metalimphy | Maraging steel with high ductility and toughness |
| US5538683A (en) * | 1993-12-07 | 1996-07-23 | Crucible Materials Corporation | Titanium-free, nickel-containing maraging steel die block article and method of manufacture |
| DE4419522B4 (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 2006-06-29 | Hosokawa Alpine Ag | Classifying wheel for blower air classifier |
| US20100189590A1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2010-07-29 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Maraging steel and maraging steel for metallic belt |
| DE102007047016A1 (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Inexpensive, high-strength, martensitically hardenable steel, useful for producing automobile fuel injector components, has low alloying element content and is free of cobalt |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1315270A (en) * | 1962-01-02 | 1963-01-18 | Mond Nickel Co Ltd | Alloy steel |
| US3132937A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1964-05-12 | Int Nickel Co | Cast steel |
| FR83944E (en) * | 1963-06-10 | 1964-11-06 | Mond Nickel Co Ltd | Alloy steel |
| GB1142555A (en) * | 1966-08-25 | 1969-02-12 | Int Nickel Ltd | Nickel-cobalt steels |
| US3522115A (en) * | 1968-08-02 | 1970-07-28 | Burgess Norton Mfg Co | Powder metallurgy method of forming an age hardenable ferrous alloy |
| GB1281164A (en) * | 1968-10-29 | 1972-07-12 | Brico Eng | Improvements in and relating to ferrous alloys |
| DE2539684C1 (en) * | 1975-09-06 | 1985-10-10 | Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Splinter shell for projectiles, warheads, ammunition and the like. |
| GB2167436B (en) * | 1984-11-23 | 1988-12-07 | Saarstahl Volklingen Gmbh | Blades for cut and thrust weapons made from nickel-maraging steels |
-
1988
- 1988-10-11 FI FI884669A patent/FI84369C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1989
- 1989-10-10 IT IT00954289A patent/IT1236217B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-10-10 IT IT1989A09542A patent/IT8909542A1/en unknown
- 1989-10-10 FR FR8913196A patent/FR2637615B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-10 DE DE3933782A patent/DE3933782A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-10-11 GB GB8922875A patent/GB2223763B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1236217B (en) | 1993-01-25 |
| GB2223763A (en) | 1990-04-18 |
| FI84369C (en) | 1991-11-25 |
| DE3933782A1 (en) | 1990-04-12 |
| GB2223763B (en) | 1993-04-07 |
| FI884669A (en) | 1990-04-12 |
| GB8922875D0 (en) | 1989-11-29 |
| FI884669A0 (en) | 1988-10-11 |
| IT8909542A0 (en) | 1989-10-10 |
| FR2637615A1 (en) | 1990-04-13 |
| FR2637615B1 (en) | 1993-07-30 |
| FI84369B (en) | 1991-08-15 |
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