IT202100023525A1 - ANTHROPOMETRIC SCALIMETER - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

ANTHROPOMETRIC SCALIMETER

The present invention relates to an anthropometric scalemeter of the type specified in the preamble to the first claim.

In particular, the present invention relates to an anthropometric scale intended for measuring cranial-facial parts for the parameterization of factors inherent, for example, to transversal discrepancies deriving from malocclusions.

As is well known, a very large part of malocclusions has a contracted palate, i.e. a palate whose transverse measurement is ? reduced compared to the space requirements necessary to align the teeth.

Generally, in order to resolve these malocclusions, the palate itself is expanded symmetrically with fixed palatal appliances capable of pushing at least part of the dental arch peripherally.

The prior art described includes some important drawbacks.

In particular, if one intends to resolve the cranial pattern, for example compromised by physiological lesions, it is necessary to expand asymmetrically.

Furthermore, the extent of the required expansion ? generally calculated on intra-buccal measurements, and therefore altered by the lesion itself at the base of the malocclusion. In order to overcome these drawbacks ? therefore it is necessary to extrapolate dimensions and characteristic parameters from landmarks not altered by the malocclusion.

In particular, ? It is important to extrapolate craniofacial measurements to evaluate how much the palate should possibly be expanded, and on which side, if there is an asymmetry, the expansion should be expressed more.

Considering that an important percentage (over 20% of cases) of malocclusions is in conditions of ?transversal discrepancy?, ? It is important to look for a parameter that indicates the ideal transverse dimension of the palate of any subject examined.

Currently, current transverse discrepancy evaluation criteria correlate measurements obtained on the permanent or deciduous dentition. For example, a popular cross-sectional discrepancy assessment, proposed by Dr. Tollaro, is based on the measurement between the pits of the upper first molars compared to the measurement of the distance between the lower disto-vestibular cusps, or of the first deciduous molars. In detail, if this measure is equal to zero, the palate is in physiology; if this measure is greater than zero, the palate is in transversal discrepancy.

At the level of the upper first permanent molars, the interpretation provided by MacNamara indicates the need of expansion according to the transverse diameter of the maxilla. In particular, the expansion is recommended if the distance ? less than 29 mm, not recommended if greater than 36 mm and doubtful if between 30 and 35 mm.

The prior art just described also has important drawbacks.

In particular, all the approaches of the prior art do not relate the cranial state and the possible reduction of the transverse size of the palate in mathematical reason.

Therefore, adopting such approaches does not provide accurate results and can give rise to wrong or at least incorrect interpretations.

In this situation, the technical task underlying the present invention? devising an anthropometric scale capable of substantially obviating at least part of the aforementioned drawbacks.

In the context of this technical task ? An important aim of the invention is to obtain an anthropometric scale capable of determining a parameter external to the mouth which can, with good reliability, indicate the ideal virtual distance inside the mouth in relation to the palate.

Another important purpose of the invention ? create an anthropometric scalimeter that allows tracing the ideal transverse dimension of the arch in the case of patients whose arch must be reconstructed, orthodontically, prosthetically or surgically, in the event of loss of the intra-buccal reference parameters.

In conclusion, a further task of the invention? create an anthropometric scale that is simple, easy to use and economical.

The technical task and the specified aims are achieved by an anthropometric scale as claimed in the attached claim 1.

Preferred technical solutions are highlighted in the dependent claims.

The characteristics and advantages of the invention are clarified below by the detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an anthropometric scale according to the invention;

Fig. 2a shows the detail of the first parametric group of an anthropometric scale according to the invention;

Fig. 2b ? the detail of the second parametric group of an anthropometric scale according to the invention;

Fig. 3 represents an example of use of an anthropometric scale according to the invention; And

Fig. 4 shows a diagram of Leonardo's division of the face.

In this document, measurements, values, shapes and geometric references (such as perpendicularity and parallelism), when associated with words such as "about" or other similar terms such as "almost?" or "substantially", are to be understood as less than measurement errors or inaccuracies due to production and/or manufacturing errors and, above all, less than a slight deviation from the value, measure, shape or geometric reference to which ? associated. For example, these terms, if associated with a value, preferably indicate a deviation of no more than 10% of the value itself.

Also, when used, terms such as ?first?, ?second?, ?superior?, ?inferior?, ?main? and ?secondary? do not necessarily identify an order, a priority? of relationship or relative position, but can simply be used for pi? clearly distinguish between different components.

Unless otherwise specified, as apparent from the following discussions, terms such as "processing", "computing", "determination", "computing", or the like are understood to refer to the action and/or processes of a computer or similar electronic calculation that manipulates and / or transforms data represented as physical, such as electronic quantities of registers of a computer system and / or memories in, other data similarly represented as quantities? in computer systems, logs or other devices for storing, transmitting or displaying information.

The measurements and data reported in this text are to be considered, unless otherwise indicated, as performed in an ICAO International Standard Atmosphere (ISO 2533:1975).

With reference to the Figures, is an anthropometric scale meter according to the invention ? globally indicated with the number 1.

Scalometer 1 substantially comprises a conventional structure, already? known in the current state of the art.

In fact, scale measure 1 comprises, briefly, at least a body 2, a first beak 3 and a second beak 4.

Body 2? an elongated body extending along a principal axis 2a. The main axis 2a? preferably a straight axis.

The body 2 also comprises a graduated scale 20. The graduated scale 20, per se? Note, ? substantially similar to any graduated scale for a ruler or caliper rather than for another measuring instrument, such as a ruler, set square or other similar object.

Preferably, the graduated scale 20 ? millimeter. With what? it means that the graduated scale has a resolution that reaches the millimeter of measurement.

Furthermore, the graduated scale 20 extends along the main axis 2a. Therefore, also the graduated scale 20 ? preferably straight.

even more in detail, the graduated scale ? defined at least between 0 mm and 150 mm. Preferably, the graduated scale 20 can? extend up to 200 mm. Furthermore, the graduated scale can include numerical values indicated with 10 mm pitch, as shown in Figs.2a-2b.

The first beak 3 ? integrally bound to the body 2. In particular, it ? bound at one end? of the body 2. Furthermore, preferably, the graduated scale 20 defines the origin, ie zero, in correspondence with the first beak 3. The first beak 3 ? then a transversal elongated element, preferably perpendicular, to the main axis 2a.

The second beak 4 ?, on the other hand, is loosely linked to the body 2. In particular, the second beak 4 ? translatable on the body 2 along the main axis 2a.

In this way, the second beak 4 moves towards or away from the first beak 3.

In detail, to realize this constraint, the body 2 can? understand a guide 21. The guide 21 pu? correspond to part of the body 2 itself, or pu? include a rail or pu? be made by a hole extending parallel to the main axis 2a. In general, the guide 21 extends parallel to the main axis 2a.

So, the second beak 4 pu? include a cursor 41.

Cursor 41 ? configured to translate, on command, on guide 21. For example, cursor 41 can? be a pin translating in the hole defined by the guide or can? include a fitable sleeve on the rail or on the body 2 if these define the guide 21.

Also the second beak 4 ? a transversal elongated element, preferably perpendicular, to the main axis 2a.

The second beak 4 moves on the graduated scale 20 in such a way as to indicate the distance between the beaks 3, 4.

Thus, preferably, the second beak 40 also includes a pointer 40. The pointer 40 is substantially a portion of the second beak 4 oriented towards the graduated scale 20 and interacting, at least visually, with it.

So, pointer 40 ? configured to point the graduated scale 20 at an extension value corresponding to the mutual distance between the beaks 3, 4.

The characteristics just described, as already? anticipated, are substantially common to many calibres.

However, the scalimeter 1 advantageously includes some particular arrangements. In particular, scale meter 1 comprises a first parametric group 5.

The first parametric group 5, in detail, ? positioned in a first zone 20a. The first zone 20a ? a part of the graduated scale 20. Furthermore, the first zone 20a corresponds to the part of the scale between 70 mm and 90 mm.

The first parameter group 5 therefore comprises the first parameters 50.

The first parameters 50 are preferably indicated on the graduated scale 20.

Advantageously, furthermore, the first parameters 50 correspond to first quotients given by values with a pitch of 5 mm of the first zone 20a each divided by the square of the golden section, ie the square of 1.6180339887.

This means that, for example, as shown in Fig.2a, at a value on the graduated scale 20 equal to 70 mm, the corresponding first parameter 50 ? given by 70/(1.6180339887)<2 >mm. Furthermore, being the pitch of 5 mm, the next calculated value ? corresponding to 75 mm, the next one again to 80 mm.

The first parameters 50, even more? in detail, each correspond to an ideal arch transverse dimension relating to a dental arch of a user on which the scalimeter 1 ? in use.

The arch transverse dimension substantially corresponds to the ideal distance between the palatal cusps of the first premolars relating to the arch itself.

Furthermore, the first 50 parameters are defined with a two-millimeter precision, i.e. a maximum resolution of 2 mm.

Advantageously, scale meter 1 also comprises a second parametric group 6.

The second parametric group 6, in detail, ? positioned in a second zone 20b.

The second zone 20b ? a part of the graduated scale 20. Furthermore, the second zone 20b corresponds to the part of the scale between 115 mm and 150 mm.

The second parameter group 6 therefore comprises second parameters 60.

The second parameters 60 are preferably indicated on the graduated scale 20.

Advantageously, moreover, the second parameters 60 correspond to first quotients given by values with a pitch of 5 mm of the second zone 20b each divided by the cube of the golden section, ie the cube of 1.6180339887.

This means that, for example, as shown in Fig.2b, at a value on the graduated scale 20 equal to 120 mm, the corresponding second parameter 60 ? given by 120/(1.6180339887)<3 >mm. Furthermore, being the pitch of 5 mm, the next calculated value ? corresponding to 125 mm, the next one again to 130 mm.

Even the second parameters 60, even more? in detail, each correspond to an ideal arch transverse dimension relating to a dental arch of a user on which the scalimeter 1 ? in use.

however, the second parameters 60 are defined with millimeter precision, i.e. a maximum resolution of 1 mm. In other words, the second parameters 60 indicate the same value as the first parameters 50 with greater precision.

The numerical values indicated on the graduated scale 20 of the parameters 50, 60 are preferably without decimals. Therefore, the first parameters 50 and the second parameters 60 are indicated on the graduated scale 20 reporting exclusively integer values respectively of the first quotients and of the second quotients.

The parameterization ? was, even more? in detail, created on the basis of historical anthropometry, as conceived primarily by Leonardo da Vinci, which divides the face frontally into five equal parts, multiples of the measure that has the base of the nose assumed as a unitary value and whose model is ? shown in Fig.4.

So, ? been verified that in a vast plurality? of cases the ideal distance between the palatal cusp of the first premolars or first milk molars, in the case of deciduous teething children, corresponds to the first and second parameters 50, 60 as described. Scalometer 1 can? include additional precautions.

Preferably, scale gauge 1 also comprises an indicator 7.

Indicator 7 ? substantially a small-sized element, similar to a prop or button or disk that can be positioned on the body 2. In detail, the indicator 7? magnetic. So, preferably, body 2 ? ferromagnetic.

Therefore, the magnetic 7 indicator ? magnetically attachable to the body 2 in any position and ? removable on command, i.e. by applying a release force greater than the magnetic attraction force exerted between the indicator 7 and the body 2.

The scalimeter 1 advantageously allows to identify defects deriving from malocclusions.

In particular, scale 1 allows to identify external rotations of a user's face.

Therefore, the invention includes a new use of the scalemeter 1.

In detail, the invention comprises the use of the scale 1 on a user defining a face for the identification of one side of the face in external rotation.

Furthermore, the use of the scalimeter 1 provides for a procedure that can include, during the identification, a plurality? of phases.

In fact, the use includes a blocking step in which the beaks 3, 4 are blocked in correspondence with the cheekbones of the face so? to be determined, by means of the pointer 40, on the graduated scale 20 a bizygomatic distance.

Furthermore, the use includes the positioning of the indicator 7 in correspondence with the arithmetic mean value of the bizygomatic distance.

Thus, the use includes comparing the position of the indicator 7 with respect to the point of rest, on the graduated scale 20 of an anatomical midline 10 of the face, as shown in Fig.3.

In addition, the use pu? also include an additional measurement step. In the measurement phase, the deviation between the indicator 7 and the anatomical midline 10 is measured to determine the amount? of expansion to be applied on the user?s dental arch necessary to obtain the ideal transverse dimension of the arch. The operation of the anthropometric scalimeter 1 previously described in structural terms? determined by? use that ? possible to do, as previously described in detail.

The anthropometric scale 1 according to the invention achieves important advantages. In fact, the scalimeter 1 makes it possible to determine the parameters 50, 60, which are external to the mouth, and which precisely indicate the ideal virtual distance inside the mouth in relation to the palate.

Therefore, the scalimeter 1 makes it possible to trace the transverse dimension of the ideal arch in the case of patients whose arch must be reconstructed, orthodontically, prosthetically or surgically, even in the absence of the intra-buccal reference parameters.

In conclusion, the scalimetro 1 ? simple, easy to use and economical.

The invention? susceptible of variations falling within the scope of the inventive concept defined by the claims.

In this context, all the details can be replaced by equivalent elements and the materials, shapes and dimensions can be any.

Claims (10)

1. Anthropometric scalimeter (1) comprising: - an elongated body (2) extending along a main axis (2a) and comprising a graduated millimeter scale (20) extending along said main axis (2a) and defined at least between 0 mm and 150 mm, - a first beak (3) integrally constrained to said body (2) at one end? of said body (2), - a second beak (4) loosely constrained to said body (2), translatable on said body (2) along said main axis (2a) towards or away from said first beak (3) and including a pointer (40) configured for point said graduated scale (20) at an extension value corresponding to the reciprocal distance between said beaks (3, 4), and characterized by the fact that - said body (2) further comprises: - a first parametric group (5) positioned in a first area (20a) of said graduated scale (20) comprised between 70 mm and 90 mm and comprising first parameters (50) indicated on said graduated scale (20) corresponding to first given quotients by values with 5 mm pitch of said first zone (20a) each divided by the square of the golden section, and - a second parametric group (6) positioned in a second area (20b) of said graduated scale (20) comprised between 115 mm and 150 mm and comprising second parameters (60) indicated on said graduated scale (20) corresponding to given second quotients by values with a 5 mm pitch of said second zone (20b) each divided by the cube of the golden section. 2. Scalimeter (1) according to claim 1, wherein said first parameters (50) and said second parameters (60) are indicated on said graduated scale (20) reporting exclusively integer values respectively of said first quotients and of said second quotients. 3. Scalimeter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least said body (2) is made of ferromagnetic material and said scale gauge (1) further comprises a magnetic indicator (7) which can be magnetically fastened to said body (2) in any position and can be removed on command. 4. Scalimeter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each of said first parameters (50) corresponds to an ideal arch transverse dimension relative to a dental arch of a user on which said scalimeter (1) is ? in use with two-millimeter accuracy. 5. Scalimeter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each of said second parameters (60) corresponds to an ideal arch transverse dimension relating to a dental arch of a user on which said scalimeter (1) is ? in use with pinpoint accuracy. 6. Scalometer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said body (2) comprises a guide (21) extending parallel to said main axis (2a) and said second beak (4) comprises a slider (41) configured for translate, on command, on said guide (21). 7. Scalimeter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said graduated scale (20) includes numerical values indicated with 10 mm pitch and extends up to 200 mm. 8. Use of a scale gauge (1) according to any one of the preceding claims on a user defining a face for the identification of one side of said face in external rotation. The use according to claim 8, wherein said identification includes: - block said spouts (3, 4) in correspondence with the cheekbones of said face so? to be determined by means of said pointer (40) on said graduated scale (20) a bizygomatic distance, - positioning said indicator (7) in correspondence with the arithmetic mean value of said bizygomatic distance, - comparing the position of said indicator (7) with respect to its position, on said graduated scale (20) of an anatomical midline (10) of said face. The use according to claim 9, further including measuring the deviation between said indicator (7) and said anatomical midline (10) to determine the quantity? of expansion to be applied on said dental arch of said user necessary to obtain said transverse dimension of the ideal arch.