IT202100018554A1 - Improved Ceramic Implant - Google Patents

Improved Ceramic Implant Download PDF

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Publication number
IT202100018554A1
IT202100018554A1 IT102021000018554A IT202100018554A IT202100018554A1 IT 202100018554 A1 IT202100018554 A1 IT 202100018554A1 IT 102021000018554 A IT102021000018554 A IT 102021000018554A IT 202100018554 A IT202100018554 A IT 202100018554A IT 202100018554 A1 IT202100018554 A1 IT 202100018554A1
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Italy
Prior art keywords
mill
slip
outlet
water
duct
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IT102021000018554A
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Italian (it)
Inventor
Andrea Cilia
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Poppi Clementino S P A
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Priority to IT102021000018554A priority Critical patent/IT202100018554A1/en
Priority to CN202210853872.7A priority patent/CN115611640A/en
Publication of IT202100018554A1 publication Critical patent/IT202100018554A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
    • B01D1/18—Evaporating by spraying to obtain dry solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/6261—Milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0078—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation characterised by auxiliary systems or arrangements
    • B01D5/009—Collecting, removing and/or treatment of the condensate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
    • B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
    • C04B35/62635—Mixing details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
    • C04B35/62655—Drying, e.g. freeze-drying, spray-drying, microwave or supercritical drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/10—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour carrying the materials or objects to be dried with it
    • F26B3/12—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour carrying the materials or objects to be dried with it in the form of a spray, i.e. sprayed or dispersed emulsions or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Description

DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION

Annessa a domanda di brevetto per INVENZIONE INDUSTRIALE avente per titolo Attached to a patent application for INDUSTRIAL INVENTION having the title

?Impianto ceramico perfezionato? ?Improved ceramic plant?

La presente invenzione ha per oggetto un impianto ceramico perfezionato. La presente invenzione trova campo di applicazione nel settore ceramico. Il ciclo produttivo ceramico si articoli in diverse fasi: la macinazione delle materie prime per la realizzazione di una miscela, chiamata nel settore barbottina (anche nota come slip), l?atomizzazione della barbottina, per l?ottenimento di una polvere atomizzata, la pressatura della polvere atomizzata, per realizzare la piastrella cruda (anche nota nel settore come piastrella ?verde?), la smaltatura, durante la quale vengono applicate sopra la piastrella cruda i decori estetici della piastrella e la fase di cottura della piastrella per ottenere il prodotto finito con le caratteristiche meccaniche desiderate. The present invention relates to an improved ceramic implant. The present invention has a field of application in the ceramic sector. The ceramic production cycle is divided into various phases: the grinding of the raw materials to create a mixture, called in the sector slip (also known as slip), the atomisation of the slip, to obtain an atomised powder, the pressing of atomized powder, to make the raw tile (also known in the sector as ?green? tile), glazing, during which the aesthetic decorations of the tile are applied over the raw tile and the tile firing phase to obtain the finished product with the desired mechanical characteristics.

L?impianto, oggetto della presente invenzione si prefigge lo scopo di intervenire nelle prime due fasi, macinazione e atomizzazione, pertanto nel prosieguo della descrizione verranno approfondite le suddette macrofasi anche attraverso l?ausilio di figura 1 illustrante la tecnica nota degli attuali impianti ceramici. The plant, object of the present invention has the aim of intervening in the first two phases, grinding and atomisation, therefore in the continuation of the description the aforementioned macro-phases will be examined in depth also with the help of figure 1 illustrating the known technique of current ceramic plants.

In figura 1 con 2 ? schematizzato un mulino ovvero un dispositivo cilindrico che ruota attorno al proprio asse per realizzare la fase di macinazione delle materie prime MP. In figure 1 with 2 ? schematized a mill or a cylindrical device that rotates around its axis to carry out the grinding phase of the raw materials MP.

All?interno del mulino 2 vengono inserite le materie prime MP generalmente argilla, sabbia e feldspati. Oltre alle materie prime MP, nel mulino 2 viene aggiunta acqua W, generalmente prelevata da pozzi, deflocculanti e corpi macinati costituiti da ciottoli. The raw materials MP are introduced into mill 2, generally clay, sand and feldspar. In addition to the raw materials MP, water W is added to the mill 2, generally taken from wells, deflocculants and ground bodies consisting of pebbles.

Il prodotto in uscita dal mulino 2 ? una miscela fluido fangosa, con una umidit? circa al 30%, che nel settore viene appunto chiamata barbottina B. The product leaving mill 2 ? a muddy fluid mixture, with a humidity? about 30%, which in the sector is called slip B.

Il prodotto in uscita dal mulino 2 viene poi raccolto all?interno di una vasca 5 di alimentazione e inviata, a mezzo di un gruppo di pompaggio 6, all?interno di un essiccatoio 8. The product leaving the mill 2 is then collected inside a feed tank 5 and sent, by means of a pumping unit 6, inside a dryer 8.

L?essiccatoio 8, anche nota come torre di essiccamento, ? costituito da un corpo conico sormontato da un corpo cilindrico. Dryer 8, also known as the drying tower, is consisting of a conical body surmounted by a cylindrical body.

In una porzione mediana dell?essiccatoio 8 viene iniettata la sospensione di barbottina B attraverso un gruppo di pompaggio, operante ad alta pressione, e un gruppo di ugelli 7, che ne favoriscono la nebulizzazione, rivolti verso l?alto dell?essiccatoio 8. The slip suspension B is injected into a central portion of the dryer 8 through a pumping unit, operating at high pressure, and a group of nozzles 7, which favor its nebulisation, facing upwards from the dryer 8.

Sulla parte superiore dell?essiccatoio 8 giunge un flusso di aria calda A, a circa 600?C, prodotta da un bruciatore e immessa per effetto di un ventilatore pressurizzato. La differenza di temperatura tra aria A e barbottina B produce un?evaporazione pressoch? istantanea dell?acqua, e le particelle macinate si agglomerano formando piccoli grani, detta anche polvere atomizzata B? (o barbottina essiccata), che vengono raccolti sul fondo dell?essiccatore e movimentati, attraverso nastri trasportatori 11, all?interno di aree di stoccaggio come ad esempio silos. A flow of hot air A reaches the upper part of the dryer 8, at approximately 600°C, produced by a burner and introduced by the effect of a pressurized fan. The temperature difference between air A and slip B produces an almost instant of? water, and the ground particles agglomerate forming small grains, also called atomized powder B? (or dried slip), which are collected on the bottom of the dryer and moved, through conveyor belts 11, inside storage areas such as silos for example.

In una ulteriore porzione intermedia dell?essiccatoio 8, al di sotto del gruppo ugelli 7 e al di sopra del fondo dell?essiccatore 8, ? presente una bocca di aspirazione 12 che effettua il prelievo di una miscela aria e vapore acqueo AU (o aria umida) in uscita dall?atomizzatore e la dispersione della stessa in atmosfera. Il suddetto prelievo ? favorito da un separatore a ciclone che cattura l?aria umida AU, ossia l?aria miscelata al vapore acqueo, per abbattere la maggior parte della polvere fine in sospensione. In a further intermediate portion of the dryer 8, below the nozzle group 7 and above the bottom of the dryer 8, ? there is a suction mouth 12 which carries out the withdrawal of an air and water vapor mixture AU (or humid air) leaving the atomizer and dispersing it into the atmosphere. The aforementioned levy? favored by a cyclone separator which captures the humid air AU, i.e. the air mixed with water vapour, to break down most of the fine suspended dust.

Seppur la dispersione della miscela di aria e vapore acqueo avvenga attraverso una preliminare depurazione delle polveri in essa presente, per ridurre al minimo l?impatto ambientare della miscela dispersa in ambiente, l?impianto ceramico sopra sommariamente descritto presenta diversi svantaggi. Although the dispersion of the mixture of air and water vapor takes place through a preliminary purification of the dust present therein, in order to minimize the environmental impact of the mixture dispersed in the environment, the ceramic plant briefly described above has various drawbacks.

In primo luogo, la dispersione della miscela di aria umida AU comporta una dispersione di una fonte energetica, data dalla perdita per potere calorifero del vapore contenuto nell?aria umida AU. In the first place, the dispersion of the humid air mixture AU involves a dispersion of an energy source, given by the loss of calorific value of the vapor contained in the humid air AU.

Disperdere una fonte di energia ? un processo antieconomico, se si considera che il costo delle materie prime ? in costante ascesa, e pertanto la dispersione dell?aria umida AU penalizza i costi di fabbricazione del ciclo produttivo. Disperse an energy source ? an uneconomical process, if we consider that the cost of raw materials? constantly rising, and therefore the dispersion of humid air AU penalizes the manufacturing costs of the production cycle.

In secondo luogo, la dispersione dell?aria umida AU equivale alla dispersione di acqua, fortemente richiesta nel ciclo produttivo, che oltretutto in alcune aree in cui sono ubicati questi impianti produttivi non ? cos? facilmente reperibile. Secondly, the dispersion of humid air AU is equivalent to the dispersion of water, highly required in the production cycle, which moreover, in some areas where these production plants are located, is not? what? easily found.

Scopo della presente invenzione quello di migliorare l?impianto ceramico sopra descritto e in particolare diminuire l?assorbimento energetico e di materie prime da parte dello stesso. The object of the present invention is to improve the ceramic plant described above and in particular to decrease the absorption of energy and raw materials by the same.

In particolare, ? scopo della presente invenzione proporre un impianto ceramico perfezionato che invece di disperdere il vapore acqueo lo possa reimmettere nell?impianto sia come fonte energetica sia come risorsa. Questi scopi e vantaggi ed altri ancora vengono tutti raggiunti dal trovato in oggetto cos? come esso risulta caratterizzato dalle rivendicazioni sotto riportate. In particular, ? The object of the present invention is to propose an improved ceramic plant which, instead of dispersing the water vapour, can reintroduce it into the plant both as an energy source and as a resource. These aims and advantages and others still are all achieved by the invention in question as follows: as it is characterized by the claims set forth below.

Ulteriori caratteristiche e vantaggi del presente trovato meglio appariranno dalla descrizione dettagliata che segue di forme preferite, ma non esclusive, di un impianto ceramico perfezionato, ma non limitativo, nelle allegate figure nelle quali: Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the detailed description which follows of preferred, but not exclusive, shapes of an improved, but non-limiting ceramic implant, in the attached figures in which:

- la figura 1 illustra uno schema parziale di un impianto ceramico della tecnica nota; - figure 1 illustrates a partial diagram of a ceramic plant of the prior art;

- la figura 2 illustra uno schema parziale di un impianto ceramico perfezionato in accordo con la presente invenzione; figure 2 illustrates a partial diagram of an improved ceramic plant in accordance with the present invention;

Con riferimento alle allegate figure con il riferimento 1 ? indicato un impianto ceramico perfezionato in accordo con la presente invenzione. With reference to the attached figures with reference 1 ? shown is an improved ceramic implant in accordance with the present invention.

L?impianto ceramico 1 prevede un mulino 2 per la produzione di barbottina B. The ceramic plant 1 has a mill 2 for the production of slip B.

Il mulino 2 ? alimentato attraverso una linea di ingresso 3 atta a immettere all?interno del mulino materie prime MP e acqua W. The mill 2 ? fed through an inlet line 3 suitable for introducing raw materials MP and water W into the mill.

Pi? precisamente le materie prime MP sono immesse attraverso una prima diramazione 31 mentre l?acqua W ? immessa attraverso una seconda diramazione 32. Pi? precisely the raw materials MP are introduced through a first branch 31 while the water W ? entered via a second branch 32.

Il mulino 2 prevede poi una linea di uscita 4 per il recupero della barbottina B. The mill 2 then provides an outlet line 4 for the recovery of the slip B.

La barbottina B, in uscita dal mulino 2, ? immessa all?interno di una vasca di raccolta 5. La vasca di raccolta 5, a sua volta, ? in comunicazione con un essiccatoio 8 per mezzo di una pluralit? di ugelli 7. Pi? in particolare, una linea di pompaggio 6 trasferisce la barbottina B dalla vasca 5 all?interno dell?essiccatoio 8 preferibilmente in posizione mediana dell?essiccatoio 8 attraverso la pluralit? di ugelli 7 rivolti verso l?alto. Slip B, coming out of mill 2, ? introduced inside a collection tank 5. The collection tank 5, in turn, is in communication with a dryer 8 by means of a plurality? of nozzles 7. Pi? in particular, a pumping line 6 transfers the slip B from the tank 5 into the dryer 8, preferably in the middle position of the dryer 8 through the plurality of of 7 nozzles facing upwards.

L?essiccatoio 8, presentante una forma conica sormontata da un corpo cilindrico, comprende su una porzione superiore un ingresso 9 di aria calda A propagata all?interno dell?essiccatoio 8 attraverso mezzi erogatori 10. L?aria viene riscaldata attraverso un bruciatore 23 di tipo sostanzialmente noto. Il contatto tra aria calda A e barbottina B produce una evaporazione pressoch? istantanea dell?acqua A contenuta nella barbottina B in modo da portare quest?ultima nella forma di barbottina essiccata B? ovvero in piccoli grani ottenuti per agglomerazione delle particelle macinate nel mulino 2. The dryer 8, having a conical shape surmounted by a cylindrical body, comprises on an upper portion an inlet 9 of hot air A propagated inside the dryer 8 through delivery means 10. The air is heated through a burner 23 of substantially known type. The contact between hot air A and slip B produces an evaporation that is almost snapshot of the water A contained in the slip B so as to bring the latter into the form of dried slip B? or in small grains obtained by agglomeration of the particles ground in mill 2.

Nella porzione inferiore dell?essiccatoio 8 ? presente una prima uscita di raccolta 11 della barbottina essiccata B? inviata a silos di stoccaggio, non rappresentati nelle figure allegate, per mezzo di un nastro trasportatore 24. In the lower portion of the dryer 8 ? Is there a first collection outlet 11 for the dried slip B? sent to storage silos, not shown in the attached figures, by means of a conveyor belt 24.

Sempre in corrispondenza di una porzione mediana dell?essiccatoio 8 ? presente una seconda uscita di recupero 12 per catturare, attraverso mezzi aspiratori 13, una miscela di aria umida AU generata all?interno dell?essiccatoio 8. Still in correspondence with a median portion of the dryer 8 ? there is a second recovery outlet 12 to capture, through suction means 13, a mixture of humid air AU generated inside the dryer 8.

La seconda uscita di recupero 12 si colloca al di sotto della pluralit? di ugelli 7 e al di sopra della prima uscita di raccolta 11. The second recovery outlet 12 is located below the plurality? of nozzles 7 and above the first collection outlet 11.

L?impianto ceramico perfezionato 1 comprende inoltre almeno uno scambiatore di calore 14 in comunicazione di fluido, per mezzo di un primo condotto 15, con la seconda uscita di recupero 12. The improved ceramic plant 1 also comprises at least one heat exchanger 14 in fluid communication, by means of a first duct 15, with the second recovery outlet 12.

In altre parole, lo scambiatore di calore 14 ? una camera chiusa entro la quale giunge l?aria umida AU proveniente, attraversando il primo condotto 15, dalla seconda uscita di recupero 12. In other words, the heat exchanger 14 ? a closed chamber into which the humid air AU arrives, passing through the first duct 15, from the second recovery outlet 12.

L?aria umida AU in ingresso nello scambiatore di calore 14 cede calore a un primo fluido vettore VF. The moist air AU entering the heat exchanger 14 releases heat to a first carrier fluid VF.

Il primo fluido vettore VF ? introdotto all?interno dello scambiatore di calore 14 attraverso una secondo condotto 16. The first vector fluid VF ? introduced inside the heat exchanger 14 through a second duct 16.

In altre parole, il primo fluido vettore VF portato all?interno dello scambiatore di calore 14 per mezzo del secondo condotto 16 assorbe calore dalla miscela di aria umida AU circolante nel primo condotto 15 sfociante nello scambiatore di calore 14. In other words, the first carrier fluid VF brought into the heat exchanger 14 by means of the second duct 16 absorbs heat from the moist air mixture AU circulating in the first duct 15 flowing into the heat exchanger 14.

Lo scambiatore di calore 14 presenta poi una terza uscita di raccolta 17 atta a raccogliere vapore acqueo condensato VAC formantesi per effetto dello scambio termico tra il primo fluido vettore VF e l?aria umida AU. The heat exchanger 14 also has a third collection outlet 17 suitable for collecting condensed water vapor VAC formed as a result of the heat exchange between the first carrier fluid VF and the humid air AU.

Il vapore acqueo condensato VAC ? raccolto in un condotto di collegamento 18 che lo immette all?interno del mulino 2 in modo da diminuire l?afflusso di acqua W proveniente dalla linea di ingresso 3 e contestualmente innalzare la temperatura dell?acqua W in ingresso al mulino 2. The condensed water vapor VAC ? collected in a connecting duct 18 which introduces it into the mill 2 so as to decrease the flow of water W coming from the inlet line 3 and at the same time raise the temperature of the water W entering the mill 2.

Sfruttando il vapore acqueo condensato VAC ? possibile ridurre il consumo di acqua W proveniente della linea di ingresso. Taking advantage of the condensed water vapor VAC ? possible to reduce the consumption of water W coming from the inlet line.

In aggiunta l?innalzamento della temperatura dell?acqua W in ingresso nel mulino, dovuto alla miscelazione di acqua W proveniente dalla linea di ingresso 3 con il vapore acqueo condensato VAC, oltre a ridurre i tempi di macinazione, aumentando quindi i rendimenti del mulino 2, consente di ridurre la quantit? di flocculante da introdurre all?interno del mulino 2 in quando si varia la temperatura e la viscosit? del fluido. In addition, the increase in the temperature of the water W entering the mill, due to the mixing of water W coming from the inlet line 3 with the condensed water vapor VAC, as well as reducing the grinding times, thus increasing the efficiency of the mill 2 , allows you to reduce the amount? of flocculant to be introduced inside the mill 2 when you vary the temperature and the viscosity? of the fluid.

Come anticipato in precedenza, la linea di ingresso 3 prevede una prima diramazione 31, per immettere dentro il mulino 2 le materie prime MP e una seconda diramazione 32 per immettere all?interno del mulino 2 acqua W. As previously mentioned, the inlet line 3 has a first branch 31 to introduce the raw materials MP into the mill 2 and a second branch 32 to introduce water W into the mill 2.

L?acqua W circolante all?interno della seconda diramazione 32 ? generalmente proveniente da un sorgente. Nell?esempio di figura 2 l?acqua immessa nella seconda diramazione 32 proviene da un pozzo 19. The water W circulating inside the second branch 32? usually coming from one source. In the example of figure 2, the water introduced into the second branch 32 comes from a well 19.

Il condotto di collegamento 18 ? in comunicazione idraulica con detta seconda diramazione 32 attraverso una prima valvola di collegamento 20. Il secondo condotto 16 risulta in comunicazione idraulica con il pozzo 19. Pi? precisamente il secondo condotto 16 prevede una tubazione di mandata 161 che preleva il fluido vettore VF dal pozzo 19. Il secondo condotto 16 presenta poi una tubazione di ritorno 162 all?interno della quale fluisce il primo fluido vettore riscaldato VF? per effetto dello scambio termico tra il fluido vettore VF e l?aria umida AU all?interno dello scambiatore di calore 14. The connecting duct 18 ? in hydraulic communication with said second branch 32 through a first connection valve 20. The second conduit 16 results in hydraulic communication with the well 19. More? precisely the second conduit 16 has a delivery pipe 161 which withdraws the vector fluid VF from the well 19. The second conduit 16 then has a return pipe 162 inside which the first heated vector fluid VF? due to the heat exchange between the carrier fluid VF and the humid air AU inside the heat exchanger 14.

La temperatura del fluido vettore riscaldato VF? all?interno della tubazione di ritorno 162 ? maggiore della temperatura del fluido vettore VF all?interno della tubazione di mandata 161. The temperature of the heated carrier fluid VF? inside the return pipe 162 ? greater than the temperature of the carrier fluid VF inside the delivery pipe 161.

Nell?esempio preferito illustrato in figura 2 il fluido vettore VF ? acqua proveniente dal pozzo 19 ma, senza uscire dal campo di protezione della presente invenzione, il fluido vettore VF potrebbe essere di altro tipo. In the preferred example illustrated in figure 2 the vector fluid VF ? water coming from the well 19 but, without departing from the protection field of the present invention, the carrier fluid VF could be of another type.

La tubazione di ritorno 162 pu? essere in comunicazione idraulica con una utenza U atta a ricevere il primo fluido vettore riscaldato VF?. The return line 162 can? be in hydraulic communication with a user U capable of receiving the first heated carrier fluid VF?.

Ancora, la tubazione di ritorno 162 pu? altres? essere in comunicazione idraulica con il condotto di collegamento 18 attraverso una seconda valvola di collegamento 21. Again, the return line 162 can? otherwise? be in hydraulic communication with the connection pipe 18 through a second connection valve 21.

L?impianto ceramico perfezionato 1 di figura 2 presenta diversi vantaggi. The improved ceramic implant 1 of figure 2 has several advantages.

In primo luogo, ? possibile, agendo sulla prima valvola di collegamento 21, variare la portata di acqua W prelevata dal pozzo 19 e la portata di vapore acqueo condensato VAC recuperato dallo scambiatore di calore 14. In the first place, ? possible, by acting on the first connection valve 21, to vary the water flow rate W withdrawn from the well 19 and the condensed water vapor flow rate VAC recovered from the heat exchanger 14.

In questo modo, oltre ad evitare di disperdere interamente nell?ambiente l?aria umida AU proveniente dall?essiccatoio 8, si pu? limitare il consumo di acqua W prelevata dal pozzo 19 e immessa nel mulino 2. In this way, in addition to avoiding dispersing the humid air AU from the dryer 8 entirely in the environment, it is possible to limit the consumption of water W withdrawn from well 19 and introduced into mill 2.

In aggiunta, invece di immettere nel mulino 2 acqua interamente proveniente dal pozzo 19, generalmente a una temperatura di circa 30?C ? possibile innalzare la temperatura di ingresso al mulino 2, sfruttando lo scambio termico all?interno dello scambiatore di calore 14, portandola a una temperatura di circa 15?C. In addition, instead of introducing into the mill 2 water entirely coming from the well 19, generally at a temperature of about 30?C? It is possible to raise the inlet temperature to the mill 2, exploiting the heat exchange inside the heat exchanger 14, bringing it to a temperature of about 15°C.

Questo innalzamento di temperatura porta a un miglioramento del rendimento del mulino 2 oltre che a una riduzione delle sostanze flocculanti. This increase in temperature leads to an improvement in the efficiency of the mill 2 as well as to a reduction in the flocculant substances.

Claims (6)

RIVENDICAZIONI 1. Impianto (1) ceramico perfezionato del tipo comprendente:1. Improved ceramic implant (1) of the type comprising: - un mulino (2) per la produzione di barbottina (B), avente una linea di ingresso (3) per materie prime (MP) e acqua (W), e una linea di uscita (4) per il recupero della barbottina (B);- a mill (2) for the production of slip (B), having an inlet line (3) for raw materials (MP) and water (W), and an outlet line (4) for the recovery of the slip (B ); - una vasca (5) di raccolta della barbottina (B) proveniente dalla linea di uscita (4) del mulino (2) e dotata di una linea di pompaggio (6) terminante con una pluralit? di ugelli (7);- a tank (5) for collecting the slip (B) coming from the outlet line (4) of the mill (2) and equipped with a pumping line (6) ending with a plurality of? of nozzles (7); - un essiccatoio (8), entro il quale giunge la barbottina (B) da essiccare attraverso la linea di pompaggio (6), avente un ingresso (9) aria calda (A) propagata all?interno dell?essiccatoio (8) attraverso mezzi erogatori (10), una prima uscita di raccolta (11) della barbottina essiccata (B?), una seconda uscita di recupero (12) di una miscela aria umida (AU) posta in depressione attraverso mezzi aspiratori (13);- a dryer (8), into which the slip (B) to be dried reaches through the pumping line (6), having an inlet (9) for hot air (A) propagated inside the dryer (8) through means dispensers (10), a first collection outlet (11) for the dried slip (B?), a second recovery outlet (12) for a humid air mixture (AU) placed under vacuum through suction means (13); caratterizzato dal fatto di comprendere:characterized by the fact that it includes: - almeno uno scambiatore di calore (14) in comunicazione di fluido, attraverso un primo condotto (15), con la seconda uscita di recupero (12) per cedere calore e comprendente un secondo condotto (16), alimentato da un primo fluido vettore (VF) atto ad assorbire calore dalla miscela di aria umida circolante all?interno del primo condotto (15), e una terza uscita di raccolta (17) atta a raccogliere vapore acqueo condensato (VAC) formantesi dallo scambio termico tra il primo fluido vettore (VF) e l?aria umida (AU);- at least one heat exchanger (14) in fluid communication, through a first duct (15), with the second recovery outlet (12) for releasing heat and comprising a second duct (16), fed by a first carrier fluid ( VF) suitable for absorbing heat from the mixture of moist air circulating inside the first duct (15), and a third collection outlet (17) suitable for collecting condensed water vapor (VAC) formed by the heat exchange between the first carrier fluid ( VF) and humid air (AU); - un condotto di collegamento (18) atto a raccogliere il vapore acqueo condensato (VAC) proveniente dalla terza uscita di raccolta (17) e immetterlo all?interno del mulino (2) in modo da diminuire l?afflusso di acqua (W) proveniente dalla linea di ingresso (3) e contestualmente innalzare la temperatura dell?acqua (W) in ingresso al mulino (2).- a connecting duct (18) suitable for collecting the condensed water vapor (VAC) coming from the third collection outlet (17) and introducing it inside the mill (2) so as to decrease the inflow of water (W) coming from the inlet line (3) and simultaneously raise the temperature of the water (W) entering the mill (2). 2. Impianto ceramico perfezionato secondo la rivendicazione 1 caratterizzato dal fatto che detta linea di ingresso (3) prevede una prima diramazione (31) per l?immissione all?interno del mulino (2) delle materie prime (MP) e una seconda diramazione (32) per immettere all?interno del mulino (2) acqua (W); detta seconda diramazione (32) essendo alimentata da acqua proveniente da un pozzo (19).2. Improved ceramic plant according to claim 1 characterized in that said inlet line (3) has a first branch (31) for introducing the raw materials (MP) inside the mill (2) and a second branch ( 32) to introduce water (W) inside the mill (2); said second branch (32) being fed by water coming from a well (19). 3. Impianto ceramico perfezionato secondo la rivendicazione 2 caratterizzato dal fatto che detto condotto di collegamento (18) ? in comunicazione idraulica con detta seconda diramazione (32) attraverso una prima valvola di collegamento (20).3. Improved ceramic plant according to claim 2 characterized in that said connecting duct (18) is in hydraulic communication with said second branch (32) through a first connection valve (20). 4. Impianto ceramico perfezionato seconda la rivendicazione 2 caratterizzato dal fatto che detto secondo condotto (16) prevede una tubazione di mandata (161), in comunicazione idraulica con il pozzo (19) in modo da immettere all?interno dello scambiatore di calore (14) il primo fluido vettore (VF) per favorire la condensazione dell?aria umida (AU) raccolta nella seconda uscita di recupero (12), e una tubazione di ritorno (162) all?interno della quale fluisce il primo fluido vettore riscaldato (VF?) avente temperatura maggiore rispetto alla temperatura del primo fluido vettore (VF) all?interno della tubazione di mandata (161) .4. Improved ceramic plant according to claim 2 characterized in that said second duct (16) has a delivery pipe (161), in hydraulic communication with the well (19) so as to introduce inside the heat exchanger (14 ) the first vector fluid (VF) to facilitate the condensation of the humid air (AU) collected in the second recovery outlet (12), and a return pipe (162) inside which the first heated vector fluid (VF) flows ?) having a higher temperature than the temperature of the first carrier fluid (VF) inside the delivery pipe (161). 5. Impianto ceramico perfezionato secondo la rivendicazione 4 caratterizzato dal fatto che detta tubazione di ritorno (162) ? in comunicazione idraulica con una utenza (U) atta a ricevere il primo fluido vettore riscaldato (VF?).5. Improved ceramic plant according to claim 4 characterized in that said return pipe (162) is in hydraulic communication with a utility (U) suitable for receiving the first heated carrier fluid (VF?). 6. Impianto ceramico perfezionato secondo le rivendicazioni 3 e 4 caratterizzato dal fatto che detta tubazione di ritorno (162) ? in comunicazione idraulica con il condotto di collegamento (18) attraverso una seconda valvola di collegamento (21). 6. Improved ceramic plant according to claims 3 and 4 characterized in that said return pipe (162) is in hydraulic communication with the connecting pipe (18) via a second connecting valve (21).
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