IT202100016481A1 - METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE SANITATION OF VEHICLES - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

of the patent for an invention entitled:

?METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SANITATION OF VEHICLES?

The present invention ? relating to a method for sanitizing vehicles. The present invention ? otherwise? relating to a system for sanitizing vehicles.

As ? Known, vehicles intended for the transport of people and/or goods can be receptacles for microbes or viruses. Therefore, ? note the possibility to treat the internal surfaces of these vehicles with disinfectant solutions, in order to lower the microbial and viral load. These treatments are performed manually by specialized operators, who direct the nebulised disinfectant solutions by means of portable devices.

However, these known types of solutions leave room for numerous improvements, above all in virtue of of the poor repeatability? by which they are characterized.

In particular, a first consequence of the lack of repeatability? of manual sanitization lies in the fact that - as confirmed by numerous experimental observations? the effectiveness with which the internal surfaces of the vehicles are not sanitized? constant over time, but depends, for example, on the level of experience of the operator. Another consequence of the poor repeatability? of manual sanitization? the variability? of the duration of the process.

Such solutions of the known type are also not integrable with vehicle control systems.

Methods for purifying and/or sanitizing the air are also known, which are based on the recirculation of the air contained inside the vehicle through suitable filters and sanitizers. These solutions do not guarantee the sanitization of the internal surfaces of the vehicle, but are limited to the treatment of the air only.

AND? felt, therefore, the need to have a method and a sanitation system for vehicles that allow to improve the repeatability? and the effectiveness of sanitation operations.

Purpose of the present invention? the creation of a method and a sanitization system for vehicles, which allow the aforementioned need to be satisfied in a simple and economic way.

The aforementioned purpose? achieved by the present invention, in that it ? relating to a method of sanitizing vehicles according to claim 1.

The aforementioned purpose? also achieved by a system for sanitizing vehicles according to claim 6 and by a vehicle according to claim 12.

A preferred, non-limiting embodiment of the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

- figure 1 ? a schematic representation of a vehicle including a sanitation system according to the present invention and with parts removed for clarity;

- figure 1A illustrates a detail of the vehicle of figure 1;

- figures 2 and 3 are schematic representations of the sanitization system of figure 1 according to two respective embodiments; And

- figures 4 and 5 are flow diagrams of a vehicle sanitization method according to two respective embodiments.

With reference to figures 1 to 3 ? indicated by the numeral 1 a vehicle comprising a sanitation system 10 according to the present invention.

By vehicle we mean any means of land, sea or air transport, whether motorized or not. In detail, by means of land transport we mean railway vehicles (including trains or subways) or road vehicles (for example, cars, buses, etc.). In further detail, the present invention can find advantageous application in the field of rental cars and car sharing systems.

The vehicle 1 comprises at least one compartment 2 for transporting people and/or goods. For example, compartment 2 can? be a railway compartment, a passenger compartment of a car or a cabin of a ship.

Compartment 2, in turn, ? endowed with a plurality of openings 3 which can be selectively positioned in an open position or in a closed position, in which they respectively allow and prevent the fluidic communication of the compartment 2 with the outside of the compartment 2 itself. For example, the openings 3 can be doors, windows, flaps or portholes. Compartment 2 could also include a single opening 3.

For the outside of compartment 2 can you? mean, in particular, the environment outside the vehicle 1, or the environment outside the compartment 2, but in any case inside the vehicle 1 (for example, the space between two different compartments of the same railway vehicle).

In the non-limiting embodiment illustrated in figure 1, the vehicle 1 is of the railway type and comprises a compartment 2 for the transport of people and luggage and equipped with a plurality? of doors and windows 3.

The vehicle 1 also comprises detection means 4 suitable for detecting whether the openings 3 are in the respective open or closed positions. These detecting means 4 are, in particular, of the electric type.

Vehicle 1 also comprises a system 5 for heating and/or ventilation and/or air conditioning of compartment 2. This system 5 in turn comprises air treatment means 6 and at least one duct 7 which it fluidly connects the air treatment means 6 and the compartment 2 (figures 1 to 3).

In detail, the air treatment means 6 can comprise heat exchangers and/or fluid machines. In further detail, the air treatment means 6 comprise at least one fan, not shown, for ventilation of the compartment 2.

Duct 7, in particular, ? configured to allow a flow of air to be moved from the air treatment means 6 to the compartment 2. As shown in figures 1 to 3, the duct 7 could comprise a plurality of of air distribution vents 7a, which allow the air contained in the duct 7 to be distributed inside the compartment 2. It should be noted that the distribution vents 7a are distinct from the openings 3 and must not be confused with the latter.

Could vehicle 1 also include a fire extinguishing system 8? only schematically illustrated in figure 1 ? settable in an activated configuration or in a deactivated configuration. In particular, in a known manner, the fire-fighting system 8 in the activated configuration ? adapted to detect the possible presence of fires or fumes inside the vehicle 1 by means of sensor means (not shown) and to carry out a series of measures aimed at limiting or extinguishing said fires. Conversely, the fire extinguishing system 8 in the deactivated configuration? suitable for not detecting and not signaling the presence of fires or fumes inside the vehicle 1. Alternatively, the fire extinguishing system 8 in the deactivated configuration could be suitable for detecting and signaling the possible presence of fires or fumes inside the vehicle 1, but not to carry out the aforementioned measures.

In the specific case in which the sensor means include smoke and temperature sensors (for example), when the fire-fighting system 8 ? in the deactivated configuration, could only the smoke sensors be deactivated, maintaining the temperature sensors and the rest of the functionalities? of the active fire-fighting system 8. The vehicle 1 could also comprise automatic actuation means 9 of said openings 3, able to move said openings 3 between the respective open and closed positions. Such automatic drive means 9 comprise, for example, drives of the electric, pneumatic and/or hydraulic type.

Advantageously, as illustrated in figure 1, the vehicle 1 also includes the sanitization system 10.

The sanitizing system 10 comprises, in turn, at least a tank 11 of a sanitizing substance, nebulisation means 12 of the sanitizing substance able to nebulise this substance in correspondence with the duct 7 and a unit of control 13 operatively connected to said nebulization means 12. This unit? check 13 ? operationally it can also be connected to the detection means 4, to the system 5, to the fire-fighting system 8 and to the automatic actuation means 9.

In particular, the sanitizing substance ? in the liquid state and ? suitable for sanitizing, sanitizing and/or disinfecting the internal surfaces of compartment 2 and/or system 5. By way of example, the sanitizing substance could be an aqueous solution of hypochlorous acid, sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide.

As illustrated in figures 1 to 3, the nebulization means 12 comprise one or more? nozzles 14 and a fluid line 15, which fluidly connects the nozzles 14 to the tank 11. The nebulisation means 12 could also comprise valve means 16 for regulating and/or shutting off the flow of sanitizing substance from the tank 11 to the nozzles 14 .

The fact that the nozzles 14 are able to nebulize the sanitizing substance in correspondence with the duct 7 means that the nozzles 14 are arranged so as to nebulize the sanitizing substance directly inside the duct 7 (as illustrated in the embodiment of the figures from 1 to 3). However, according to an embodiment not shown, with the fact that the nozzles 14 are capable of nebulizing the sanitizing substance in correspondence with the duct 7, it is possible to also understand that the nozzles 14 are arranged adjacent to the distribution outlets 7a. According to this embodiment, the nozzles 14 atomize the sanitizing substance at the distribution outlets 7a of the duct 7 and inside the compartment 2, but externally with respect to the duct 7.

In addition, the nozzles 14 are preferably capable of nebulizing the sanitizing substance so as to generate particles with a diameter of between 1 and 5 µm and allow the formation of a dry fog. The dry fog of the sanitizing substance makes it possible to treat the surfaces to be sanitized in a homogeneous way and to limit the formation of dew and localized corrosion phenomena of the vehicle 1.

The nozzles 14 are arranged downstream of the air treatment means 6 in the direction of the air flow directed by the air treatment means 6 to the compartment 2 (figures 2 and 3). In this way, it is avoided that the nebulised sanitizing substance undergoes thermal treatments before reaching compartment 2. Yes? observed, in fact, that the heat treatments applied to the nebulised sanitizing substance can favor its degradation and increase condensation phenomena or the formation of dew.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, the sanitizing system 10 also comprises a tank 21 of compressed air and the nozzles 14 are nozzles with a dual liquid-compressed air supply. Furthermore, the atomization means 12 also comprise a fluidic line 17, which fluidly connects the nozzles 14 to the tank 21. The atomization means 12 could also comprise valve means 18 for regulating and/or shutting off the direct compressed air from the tank 21 to the nozzles 14. As an alternative to the tank 21, the sanitization system 10 could comprise a compressor for the production of compressed air fluidically connected to the nozzles 14.

Preferably, the? Compressed air ? at a pressure greater than the pressure of the sanitizing substance. In detail, the pressure of the compressed air could be five times higher than the greater than the pressure of the sanitizing substance. By way of example, the air pressure could be equal to 5 bar and the pressure of the sanitizing substance could be equal to 1 bar.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 3 , the nozzles 14 are ultrasonic nozzles. In particular, in this embodiment, the sanitizing system 10 does not comprise a compressed air tank.

In general, the number of nozzles 14 (with double liquid-air or ultrasound supply), their arrangement with respect to the duct 7 and the duration of the sanitization process depend on the dimensions of the compartment 2, on the type of intervention to be performed (sanitization or against bacterial, viral or other microbial strains) and by the particular sanitizing substance available in tank 11.

By way of a purely non-limiting example, the duration of the sanitization process of vehicle 1 in figure 1 in the event that one wishes to attack the coronavirus responsible for COVID-19 present on the internal surfaces of vehicle 1? approximately between 6 and 10 min, if the following hypotheses are verified:

- the volume of compartment 2 ? about 100 m<3>;

- the sanitizing substance? an aqueous solution of hypochlorous acid at 300 ppm Cl2; And

- the sanitizing system 10 comprises 3 nozzles, each capable of emitting a flow rate of 11 m<3>/min of air and nebulised sanitizing substance.

The unit moreover, the control system 13 could be communicatively and operatively coupled to computing resources for processing and storage. These resources could be concentrated (for example, in the presence of a server) or distributed (on the nodes of a communication network, for example, in the presence of a cloud). In detail, these IT resources could be remote from the vehicle. In further detail, these computer processing and storage resources could comprise systems arranged on board the vehicle 1, or off board.

In particular, these computer resources are programmed to control the sanitation system 10 for carrying out the sanitation process.

Specifically, the unit? controller 13 could be communicatively and operationally connectable to an Internet of Things (IoT) system, to be controlled by it remotely. Consequently, the operations of the sanitation system 10 could be controlled remotely. By way of example, if vehicle 1 is a car for car sharing or for rental, the sanitization process can be started during the interval between two successive rentals. even more specifically, the Internet of Things system could be programmed to command the start of the sanitization process at an instant in time following the conclusion of a rental, or during the time interval between reserving a vehicle for the rental and its use. This Internet of Things system could also be programmed to prevent the start of a new rental until the sanitization process is complete.

The operation of the sanitizing system 10 according to the embodiment schematically shown in figure 4 is described below.

In general, the sanitization system 10 is preferably started during a period of time during which the vehicle 1 is not? in service. In the case of the railway vehicle shown in figure 1, the sanitization process could be carried out in the interval between the end of a run and the start of the next run. Alternatively, in the case of car sharing or rental cars, the sanitization process can be started during the interval between two successive rentals.

In use, once the sanitizing system 10 is started (step 50), the detection means 4 detects whether the openings 3 are in the respective open or closed positions (step 51).

If at least one of the openings 3 ? detected in the open position, it waits for this opening 3 to be manually moved to the closed position. Alternatively, the openings 3 in the open position can be driven into the respective closed positions by the unit? control 13 through the automatic actuation means 9, where present (step 52).

If none of the openings 3 ? detected in the open position (step 51), or have all the openings 3 been moved to their respective closed positions (step 52), the unit? control 13 starts the ventilation of the compartment 2 by means of the air treatment means 6 and, in particular, by means of the fan (step 53). In particular, a flow of air is generated from the treatment means 6 to the compartment 2 through the duct 7 (figures 2 and 3).

At this point, the unit? control activates the nebulisation of the sanitizing substance at the duct 7 by means of the nebulisation means 12 (step 54). In particular, the nozzles 14, which are positioned downstream of the treatment means 6, atomize the sanitizing substance contained in the tank 11 inside the duct 7 or outside the duct 7, so as to form a dry fog. The particles of sanitizing substance nebulised by the nozzles 14 are dispersed in suspension in the air flow directed by the treatment means 6 to compartment 2. Therefore, the nebulised particles of sanitizing substance spread in compartment 2. In detail, the distribution of these particles of sanitizing substance inside compartment 2 not only determines the sanitization of the air contained in compartment 2, but also makes it possible to obtain the sanitation and/or sanitization of the internal surfaces of compartment 2.

In particular, ventilation (phase 53) takes place by recirculating the air contained inside compartment 2. This means that the air which flows in duct 7 during ventilation (phase 53) ? at least partially sucked from compartment 2.

Preferably, the ventilation performed during step 53 is effected by 100% recirculation. Does this imply that all the air flowing in the duct 7 during phase 53 is? sucked from the compartment 2, except for the compressed air introduced into the duct 7 by the nozzles 14 according to the embodiment illustrated in figure 2.

Since the ventilation takes place with recirculation, the particles of nebulised sanitizing substance which have reached the compartment 2 are at least partially sucked up by the treatment means 6 and made to flow again through the duct 7. Consequently, during phase 54 the particles of substance sanitizer allow to sanitize, sanitize and/or disinfect the same air treatment means 6 and the duct 7 (also upstream of the nozzles 14).

After an initial time interval in which the nozzles 14 continue to nebulise the sanitizing substance, the unit? control 13 controls the interruption of the nebulization (phase 55). The duration of the first interval is calculated at least on the basis of the volume of room 2.

At this point, the recirculation ventilation started in step 53 continues for a second time interval, or it can be stopped immediately after stopping nebulization (step 56). The duration of the second interval depends, among other things, on the type of materials of the internal surfaces of compartment 2 and on the type of sanitization intervention to be carried out. In general, the sanitizing action against microbial strains (for example, bacteria, molds or others) corresponds to a second interval of longer duration than the duration of the sanitizing action necessary to act against viral strains.

Once the recirculation ventilation is stopped (step 56), the unit? of control 13 starts the ventilation of the compartment 2 by means of the air treatment means 6 without recirculation (step 57). In particular, by ventilation without recirculation we mean a ventilation of the compartment 2 in which the air flowing along the duct 7 during phase 57 is completely aspirated from outside the vehicle 1.

At the end of the ventilation without recirculation (step 57), which takes place for a third time interval, all or some of the openings 3 are moved to the respective open positions either manually or automatically, by means of the actuation means 9 (step 58) . Preferably, in vehicles comprising the actuation means 9, the movement of the openings 3 into the respective open positions (step 58) is commanded simultaneously with the ventilation phase without recirculation (step 57).

After a fourth time interval, in which the compartment 2 is ventilated through the fluidic communication with the outside by means of the openings 3 in the respective open positions, the sanitization process is considered completed (step 59). The duration of the fourth interval for the vehicle 1 of figure 1 ? preferably, but not necessarily, between 30 and 60 seconds.

The functioning of the sanitizing system 10 according to the embodiment schematized in figure 5? similar to the operation according to the embodiment schematized in figure 4 and verr? described below only for how much it differs from the latter; the same or equivalent phases will be identified, where possible, by the same reference numbers.

According to the embodiment illustrated in figure 5, the unit? of control 13 detects if the fire-fighting system 8 ? in the activated or deactivated configuration (phase 60), preferably after the start of ventilation (phase 53), but in any case before the start of nebulization (phase 54). In detail, if the fire-fighting system 8 ? activated, the? unit? control knob 13 sets it to the disabled configuration (step 61). In further detail, the unit? of control 8 deactivates the sensor means of the fire-fighting system 8.

Once the fire extinguishing system 8 ? in the disabled configuration, the unit? control 13 starts nebulization of the sanitizing substance (phase 54).

Furthermore, once the openings 3 have moved to their respective open positions (step 58), the unit? controller 13 sets the fire protection system 8 back to the activated configuration (step 62).

The sanitization system 10 can? also be intended as a kit for upgrading existing vehicles.

From an examination of the characteristics of the sanitization method and system according to the present invention the advantages which they allow to obtain are evident.

In particular, since the spraying of the sanitizing substance is started only after you ? verified automatically the fact that all the openings 3 are in the respective closed positions, the repeatability? and the effectiveness of the sanitization operations carried out using the sanitization system 10 are maximized. In fact, the nebulisation is carried out automatically and the risk that the sanitizing substance may be dispersed in an undesirable way outside the compartment 2 during the sanitizing operations is minimized. In addition, the duration of the sanitization process? constant or substantially constant and the sanitization system 10 ? easily integrated into the vehicle 1.

Furthermore, in the event that the vehicle 1 comprises the actuation means 9, the operation of the sanitizing system 10 is further optimized in virtue? of the fact that the movement of the openings 3 in the respective open or closed positions can? be performed automatically. Therefore, not ? necessary l?intervention of an operator n? for the nebulization of the sanitizing substance, n? for opening management 3.

As briefly discussed, the fact that during nebulization the ventilation of the air from the treatment means 6 towards the compartment 2 takes place with recirculation, allows to obtain the sanitation, sanitization and/or disinfection of the treatment means 6 themselves and of the conduit 7. There? it clearly contributes to improving the overall effectiveness of the sanitization operations of the entire vehicle 1.

Also, since at the end of recirculation ventilation the unit? control knob 13 starts ventilation without recirculation of room 2, ? It is possible to facilitate the release of the excess sanitizing substance from compartment 2, so as to allow access to users of vehicle 1 inside compartment 2 in conditions of complete safety.

The fact that the fire extinguishing system 8, where present, can be automatically deactivated by the unit? of control 13 before starting the nebulization, allows to prevent the particles of sanitizing substance reaching the compartment 2 from triggering the fire-fighting system 8 in an undesirable way during the nebulization operations. In fact, since the nozzles 14 generate a dry fog of sanitizing substance inside the compartment 2, this could be confused by the sensor means with a fire.

Finally, it is clear that modifications and variations can be made to the damper assembly 1 without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

For example, step 62 in which the fire system 8 is returned to the activated configuration could be performed before step 58, in which the openings 3 are returned to their respective open positions.

Furthermore, the plant 5 could include more? of a duct 7.

Claims (13)

1.- Sanitization method for a vehicle (1); said vehicle (1) comprising: - at least one compartment (2) for the transport of people and/or goods; - at least one opening (3) of said compartment (2), which can be selectively positioned in an open position, in which ? adapted to allow fluid communication of said compartment (2) with the outside of said compartment (2) or in a closed position, in which it is? designed to prevent such fluidic communication; - detecting means (4) able to detect if said opening (2) ? in said open position or in said closed position; - a system (5) for heating and/or ventilation and/or air conditioning of said compartment (2); said plant (5) comprising, in turn, air treatment means (6) and at least one duct (7) which fluidly connects said air treatment means (6) and said compartment (2); - at least one tank (11) of a sanitizing substance; - nebulization means (12) of a sanitizing substance able to nebulize said substance in correspondence with said duct (7) of said vehicle (1); And - a?unit? control (13) operatively connected to said detection means (4), to said system (5) for heating and/or ventilation and/or conditioning and to said nebulization means (12); said method comprising the phases of: i) detecting by means of said detection means (4) whether said opening (3) ? in said open position or in said closed position; ii) activate by means of said unit? control (13) the ventilation of said compartment (2) by means of said air treatment means (6) if each said opening (3) is? in said closed position; And iii) activate through said unit? control (13) the nebulization of said sanitizing substance in correspondence with said duct (7) by means of said nebulization means (12). 2.- Sanitization method according to claim 1, comprising the further steps of: iv) command by means of said unit? control (13) the movement of each said opening (3) in said closed position by means of automatic actuation means (9) of said opening (3) of said vehicle (1), if during said phase i) said detection means (4) detecting said opening (3) in said open position; said automatic actuation means (9) being operatively connected to said unit? control (13); And v) command by means of said unit? control (13) the movement of said opening (3) in said open position by means of said automatic actuation means (9) after said step iii). 3.- Sanitization method according to claims 1 or 2, wherein said phase ii) comprises, in turn, the phases of: vi) ventilate during said phase iii) said compartment (2) and said duct (7) by recirculating the air contained inside said compartment (2); And vii) ventilate at the end of said phase iii) said compartment (2) and said duct (7) without recirculating the air. 4.- Sanitization method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the further steps of: viii) detect through said unit? control (13) if a fire extinguishing system (8) of said vehicle (1) ? activated or deactivated; said fire-fighting system (8) being operatively connected to said unit? control (13); And ix) deactivate through said unit? control (13) said fire-fighting system if at said stage viii) it is found that said fire-fighting system (8) ? activated; said phase ix) being to be carried out before said phase iii). 5.- Sanitization method according to claim 4, comprising the further step x) of activating by means of said unit? control (13) said fire-fighting system (8) at the end of said phase iii). 6.- Sanitization system for a vehicle (1); said vehicle (1) comprising: - at least one compartment (2) for the transport of people and/or goods; - at least one opening (3) of said compartment (2), which can be selectively positioned in an open position, in which ? adapted to allow fluid communication of said compartment (2) with the outside of said compartment (2) or in a closed position, in which it is? designed to prevent such fluidic communication; - detecting means (4) able to detect if said opening (2) ? in said open position or in said closed position; - a system (5) for heating and/or ventilation and/or air conditioning of said compartment (2); said plant (5) comprising, in turn, air treatment means (6) and at least one duct (7) which fluidly connects said air treatment means (6) and said compartment (2); characterized by the fact that it includes: - at least one tank (11) of a sanitizing substance; - nebulization means (12) of a sanitizing substance able to nebulize said substance in correspondence with said duct (7); And - a?unit? control (13) operatively connected to said nebulization means (12); in which said unit? control (13) ? operatively connectable also to said detection means (4) and to said air treatment means (6); said unit? control (13) being programmed to detect by means of said detection means (4) whether said opening (3) is, in use, in said open position or in said closed position; activating, in use, the ventilation of said compartment (2) by means of said air treatment means (6) if each said opening (3) is, in use, in said closed position; and activating, in use, the nebulization of said sanitizing substance at said duct (7) by means of said nebulization means (12). 7.- Sanitization system according to Claim 6, wherein said vehicle (1) also comprises automatic actuation means (9) of said opening (3) which can be operatively connected to said unit? control (13) and said unit? control (13) ? configured to control the movement of said opening (3) into said closed position by means of said automatic actuation means (9) if said detection means (4) detect, in use, said opening (3) in said open position before atomisation ; and controlling the movement of said opening (3) to said open position by means of said automatic actuation means (9) at the end of said nebulization. 8.- Sanitization system according to claims 6 or 7, in which said unit? control (13) ? configured to control, in use, the ventilation of said compartment (2) and of said duct (7) by recirculating the air contained inside said compartment (2) at least during said atomisation; and to control the ventilation of said compartment (2) at the end of said nebulization without recirculation of the air. 9.- Sanitization system according to any one of claims from 6 to 8, in which said vehicle (1) comprises a fire-fighting system (8) which can be operatively connected to said unit? control (13) and said unit? control (13) ? configured to detect if said fire-fighting system (8) ? activated or deactivated and to deactivate said fire-fighting system if, in use, the fire-fighting system (8) ? in the activated state prior to said nebulization. 10.- Sanitization system according to claim 9, wherein said unit? control (13) ? configured to activate, in use, said fire-fighting system (8) at the end of said nebulization. 11.- Sanitization system according to any one of claims from 6 to 10, wherein said unit? control (13) ? communicatively and operationally coupled to computer processing and storage resources; said computer resources being programmed to control said sanitization system (10) for carrying out the sanitization method according to claims 1 to 5. 12.- Vehicle (1) for the transport of people and/or goods including: - at least one compartment (2) for the transport of people and/or goods; - at least one opening (3) of said compartment (2), which can be selectively positioned in an open position, in which ? adapted to allow fluid communication of said compartment (2) with the outside of said compartment (2) or in a closed position, in which it is? designed to prevent such fluidic communication; - detecting means (4) able to detect if said opening ? in said open position or in said closed position; - a system (5) for heating and/or ventilation and/or air conditioning of said compartment (2); said plant (5) comprising, in turn, air treatment means (6) and at least one duct (7) which fluidly connects said air treatment means (6) and said compartment (2); characterized in that it comprises a sanitation system (10) comprising, in turn: - at least one tank (11) of a sanitizing substance; And - nebulization means (12) of a sanitizing substance able to nebulize said substance in correspondence with said duct (7); And - a?unit? control (13) operatively connected to said nebulization means (12), to said detection means (4), and to said air treatment means (6). 13.- Vehicle according to claim 12, in which the said sanitizing substance contained in the said tank (11) is in the liquid state and the atomization means (12) comprise at least one nozzle (14) and a fluidic line (15) which fluidically connects each nozzle (14) to said tank (11); wherein each nozzle (14) ? arranged downstream of said air treatment means (6) in the direction of an air flow directed by said air treatment means (6) to said compartment (2).