IT202100008651A1 - AIR INTAKE SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH A PRE-FILTER FOR A VEHICLE ENGINE - Google Patents
AIR INTAKE SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH A PRE-FILTER FOR A VEHICLE ENGINE Download PDFInfo
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- IT202100008651A1 IT202100008651A1 IT102021000008651A IT202100008651A IT202100008651A1 IT 202100008651 A1 IT202100008651 A1 IT 202100008651A1 IT 102021000008651 A IT102021000008651 A IT 102021000008651A IT 202100008651 A IT202100008651 A IT 202100008651A IT 202100008651 A1 IT202100008651 A1 IT 202100008651A1
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- Prior art keywords
- air filter
- intake
- secondary air
- filter
- sheet
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
- B64D33/02—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0052—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with filtering elements moving during filtering operation
- B01D46/0053—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with filtering elements moving during filtering operation with vibrating filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/05—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/0201—Housings; Casings; Frame constructions; Lids; Manufacturing or assembling thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/0201—Housings; Casings; Frame constructions; Lids; Manufacturing or assembling thereof
- F02M35/0209—Housings; Casings; Frame constructions; Lids; Manufacturing or assembling thereof comprising flexible, resilient, movable or rotatable elements, e.g. with vibrating or contracting movements; Springs; Valves; Flaps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/0212—Multiple cleaners
- F02M35/0216—Multiple cleaners arranged in series, e.g. pre- and main filter in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/024—Air cleaners using filters, e.g. moistened
- F02M35/02416—Fixing, mounting, supporting or arranging filter elements; Filter element cartridges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/024—Air cleaners using filters, e.g. moistened
- F02M35/02441—Materials or structure of filter elements, e.g. foams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/08—Air cleaners with means for removing dust, particles or liquids from cleaners; with means for indicating clogging; with by-pass means; Regeneration of cleaners
- F02M35/086—Dust removal by flushing, blasting, pulsating or aspirating flow, washing or the like; Mechanical dust removal, e.g. by using scrapers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
- B64D33/02—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
- B64D2033/0246—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes comprising particle separators
Description
D E S C R I Z I O N E DESCRIPTION
del brevetto per invenzione industriale dal titolo: of the patent for industrial invention entitled:
?SISTEMA DI ASPIRAZIONE ARIA PROVVISTO DI UN PRE-FILTRO PER UN PROPULSORE DI UN VEICOLO? ?AIR INTAKE SYSTEM EQUIPPED WITH A PRE-FILTER FOR A VEHICLE ENGINE?
SETTORE DELLA TECNICA TECHNICAL SECTOR
La presente invenzione ? relativa ad un sistema di aspirazione aria per un propulsore di un veicolo. The present invention ? relating to an air intake system for a vehicle engine.
La presente invenzione trova vantaggiosa applicazione ad un aeromobile (ovvero una macchina costruita dall'uomo che si sostiene e si pu? spostare nell'aria consentendo il trasporto di persone o cose all'interno dell'atmosfera terrestre) ed in particolare ad un elicottero, a cui la trattazione che segue far? esplicito riferimento senza per questo perdere di generalit?. The present invention finds advantageous application to an aircraft (that is a man-made machine which supports itself and can move in the air allowing the transport of people or things within the earth's atmosphere) and in particular to a helicopter, to which the treatment that follows will do? explicit reference without losing generality.
ARTE ANTERIORE EARLIER ART
Un elicottero ? dotato di almeno un propulsore che aziona un complesso di pale che permettono all?elicottero stesso di sollevarsi ed abbassarsi verticalmente, restare fermo in volo, spostarsi lateralmente, all'indietro o in avanti. E? previsto un sistema di aspirazione di aria che aspira l?aria esterna necessaria al funzionamento del propulsore (ovvero l?aria esterna contenente l?ossigeno necessario alla combustione). Il sistema di aspirazione comprende almeno una presa d?aria ed un condotto di aspirazione che collega la presa d?aria con il propulsore; il sistema di aspirazione potrebbe anche comprendere un filtro aria che ? disposto lungo il condotto di aspirazione (generalmente in prossimit? o in corrispondenza della presa d?aria) ed ha la funzione di filtrare l?aria aspirata per trattenere impurit? di piccola dimensione (polvere o similari) che a lungo andare possono provocare una usura precoce del propulsore. A helicopter ? equipped with at least one propeller which activates a set of blades which allow the helicopter itself to rise and fall vertically, remain stationary in flight, move sideways, backwards or forwards. AND? an air intake system is provided which draws in the external air necessary for the engine to operate (ie the external air containing the oxygen necessary for combustion). The intake system comprises at least one air intake and an intake duct which connects the air intake with the propeller; the intake system could also include an air filter that ? arranged along the intake duct (generally near or in correspondence with the air intake) and has the function of filtering the intake air to retain impurities? of small size (dust or similar) which in the long run can cause premature wear of the propeller.
Le domande di brevetto EP3655637A1, EP3536932A1, EP3392144A1, EP3601057A1, EP3091211, EP3121414 e EP3121415 forniscono alcuni esempi di elicotteri in cui il sistema di aspirazione comprende un filtro aria. The patent applications EP3655637A1, EP3536932A1, EP3392144A1, EP3601057A1, EP3091211, EP3121414 and EP3121415 provide some examples of helicopters in which the intake system comprises an air filter.
Durante le manovre di decollo o atterraggio in luoghi molto polverosi (ad esempio in zone desertiche e particolarmente al di fuori di aeroporti o eliporti in cui ? possibile manovrare in ambiti relativamente puliti), il filtro aria si pu? intasare rapidamente a causa della grande quantit? di polvere (ovvero di sabbia) che si trova in sospensione nell?aria che viene aspirata sia per l?effetto del vento naturale, sia per effetto dei vortici d?aria generati dalle pale dell?elicottero. L?intasamento del filtro aria a causa della elevata quantit? di polvere (sabbia) che si deposita sulla superficie esterna del filtro aria costringe ad aprire il condotto di bypass che porta al propulsore aria non filtrata e quindi molto ricca di polvere (sabbia) aumentando l?usura del propulsore (ovvero vanificando l?utilit? del filtro aria). Inoltre, l?intasamento del filtro aria a causa della elevata quantit? di polvere (sabbia) che si deposita sulla superficie esterna del filtro aria generalmente pu? venire risolto solo con una pulizia manuale una volta che l?elicottero ? fermo al suolo e quindi aumenta notevolmente la frequenza (quindi il costo complessivo) degli interventi di pulizia del filtro aria. DESCRIZIONE DELLA INVENZIONE During take-off or landing maneuvers in very dusty places (for example in desert areas and particularly outside airports or heliports where it is possible to maneuver in relatively clean environments), the air filter can become dusty. clog quickly due to the large quantity? of dust (or sand) which is suspended in the air which is sucked in both by the effect of the natural wind and by the effect of the air vortices generated by the helicopter blades. The clogging of the air filter due to the high quantity? of dust (sand) which is deposited on the external surface of the air filter forces you to open the bypass duct which leads to the engine unfiltered air and therefore very rich in dust (sand) increasing the wear of the engine (or nullifying the utility? of the air filter). Furthermore, the clogging of the air filter due to the high quantity? of dust (sand) that is deposited on the external surface of the air filter generally pu? be solved only with a manual cleaning once the helicopter ? stationary on the ground and therefore considerably increases the frequency (therefore the overall cost) of cleaning the air filter. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Scopo della presente invenzione ? fornire un sistema di aspirazione aria per un propulsore di un veicolo che permetta di eliminare (o almeno ridurre in modo sostanziale) il rischio di intasamento del filtro aria quando il veicolo opera in zone molto polverose e, nello stesso tempo, sia di facile ed economica realizzazione. Purpose of the present invention? provide an air intake system for a vehicle engine that allows to eliminate (or at least substantially reduce) the risk of clogging of the air filter when the vehicle operates in very dusty areas and, at the same time, is easy and economical realization.
Secondo la presente invenzione viene fornito un sistema di aspirazione aria per un propulsore di un veicolo, secondo quanto rivendicato dalle rivendicazioni allegate. According to the present invention there is provided an air intake system for a vehicle engine, according to what is claimed in the attached claims.
Le rivendicazioni descrivono forme di realizzazione preferite della presente invenzione formando parte integrante della presente descrizione. The claims describe preferred embodiments of the present invention forming an integral part of the present description.
BREVE DESCRIZIONE DEI DISEGNI BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
La presente invenzione verr? ora descritta con riferimento ai disegni annessi, che ne illustrano un esempio di attuazione non limitativo, in cui: This invention will come now described with reference to the attached drawings, which illustrate a non-limiting embodiment thereof, in which:
? la figura 1 ? una vista schematica di un elicottero; ? figure 1 ? a schematic view of a helicopter;
? la figura 2 ? una vista schematica ed in sezione trasversale dell?elicottero della figura 1 aria con in evidenza un propulsore ed un sistema di aspirazione realizzato in accordo con la presente invenzione; ? figure 2 ? a schematic cross-sectional view of the helicopter of figure 1, showing a propeller and an intake system made in accordance with the present invention;
? la figura 3 ? una vista schematica di un condotto di aspirazione del sistema di aspirazione della figura 2; ? figure 3 ? a schematic view of an intake duct of the intake system of Figure 2;
? la figura 4 ? una vista in sezione di un filtro aria principale del sistema di aspirazione della figura 2; ? figure 4 ? a sectional view of a main air filter of the intake system of Fig. 2 ;
? la figura 5 ? una vista schematica ed in prospettiva di un filtro aria secondario del sistema di aspirazione della figura 2; e ? figure 5 ? a schematic and perspective view of a secondary air filter of the intake system of Figure 2; And
? la figura 6 ? una vista schematica ed in prospettiva esplosa del filtro aria secondario della figura 4. ? figure 6 ? a schematic and exploded perspective view of the secondary air filter of figure 4.
FORME DI ATTUAZIONE PREFERITE DELL?INVENZIONE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Nella figure 1 e 2 con il numero 1 ? indicato nel suo complesso un elicottero comprendente un propulsore 2 (ad esempio, ma non necessariamente, a turbina) che aziona un complesso di pale che permettono all?elicottero stesso di sollevarsi ed abbassarsi verticalmente, restare fermo in volo, spostarsi lateralmente, all'indietro o in avanti. In particolare, l?elicottero 1 comprende un rotore principale che ? provvisto di pale orientate orizzontalmente ed ? portato in rotazione dal propulsore 2. In figures 1 and 2 with the number 1 ? indicated as a whole a helicopter comprising a propeller 2 (for example, but not necessarily, a turbine) which drives a set of blades which allow the helicopter itself to rise and fall vertically, remain stationary in flight, move sideways, backwards or forward. In particular, the helicopter 1 comprises a main rotor which ? equipped with horizontally oriented blades and ? driven into rotation by the propeller 2.
E? previsto un sistema 3 di aspirazione aria che aspira l?aria esterna necessaria funzionamento del propulsore 2 (ovvero l?aria esterna contenente l?ossigeno necessario alla combustione). Il sistema 3 di aspirazione comprende due prese 4 d?aria disposte su lati opposti dell?elicottero 1 ed una coppia di condotti 5 di aspirazione gemelli, ciascuno dei quali collega una corrispondente presa 4 d?aria con il propulsore 2. AND? an air intake system 3 is provided which draws in the external air necessary for the engine 2 to function (that is, the external air containing the oxygen necessary for combustion). The intake system 3 comprises two air intakes 4 arranged on opposite sides of the helicopter 1 and a pair of twin intake ducts 5, each of which connects a corresponding air intake 4 with the propeller 2.
Secondo quanto illustrato nella figura 3, il sistema 3 di aspirazione comprende anche una coppia di filtri 6 aria principali, ciascuno dei quali ? disposto lungo un corrispondente condotto 5 di aspirazione in prossimit? della presa 4 d?aria ed ha la funzione di filtrare l?aria aspirata per trattenere impurit? di piccola dimensione (polvere o similari) che a lungo andare possono provocare una usura precoce del propulsore. Davanti a ciascun filtro 6 aria principale potrebbe essere prevista una griglia metallica a maglie relativamente larghe (dell?ordine di grandezza di uno o due centimetri) che ha la funzione di protezione contro i volatili. As illustrated in figure 3, the intake system 3 also comprises a pair of main air filters 6, each of which ? disposed along a corresponding suction duct 5 near of the air intake 4 and has the function of filtering the sucked in air to retain impurities? of small size (dust or similar) which in the long run can cause premature wear of the propeller. In front of each main air filter 6 there could be provided a metal grille with relatively large meshes (of the order of one or two centimetres) which has the function of protection against birds.
Secondo quanto illustrato nella figura 4, ciascun filtro 6 aria principale comprende un telaio 7 perimetrale (realizzato in alluminio, in materiale plastico oppure in materiale composito) che supporta un pannello 8 di materiale filtrante (ad esempio realizzato in tessuto o tessuto non tessuto di cotone o altre fibre) plissettato (ovvero pieghettato, cio? ripiegato su s? stesso per formare una successione di onde); in altre parole, il pannello 8 di materiale filtrante ? ondulato (ovvero conformato ad onde) per aumentare la superficie utile di materiale filtrante a parit? di ingombri esterni. Il pannello 8 di materiale filtrante ? racchiuso tra due strati di sottile rete di rinforzo metallica che sono appoggiate a superfici contrapposte del pannello 8 di materiale filtrante (ovvero racchiudono tra loro il pannello 8 di materiale filtrante) per conferire forma stabile e resistenza al pannello 8 di materiale filtrante stesso. Secondo una possibile (ma assolutamente non obbligatoria) forma di attuazione, ciascun filtro 6 aria principale comprende anche una rete 9 di irrigidimento piana (piatta) che ? disposta internamente ed ha la funzione di aiutare il pannello 8 di materiale filtrante ondulato a sopportare senza deformazioni le sollecitazioni di pressione determinate dall?aria in aspirazione; la funzione della rete 9 di irrigidimento di rinforzo ? pi? importante nel caso di filtri 6 aria principali aventi una superficie elevata. As illustrated in Figure 4, each main air filter 6 comprises a perimeter frame 7 (made of aluminum, plastic material or composite material) which supports a panel 8 of filtering material (for example made of cotton fabric or non-woven fabric or other fibres) pleated (or pleated, i.e. folded on itself to form a succession of waves); in other words, the panel 8 of filtering material ? corrugated (or wave-shaped) to increase the useful surface of the filtering material on equal terms? of external dimensions. Panel 8 of filter material ? enclosed between two layers of thin metal reinforcing mesh which rest on opposite surfaces of the panel 8 of filtering material (that is, they enclose the panel 8 of filtering material between them) to give stable shape and resistance to the panel 8 of filtering material itself. According to a possible (but absolutely not obligatory) embodiment, each main air filter 6 also comprises a flat (flat) stiffening mesh 9 which ? arranged internally and has the function of helping the panel 8 of corrugated filtering material to withstand the pressure stresses caused by the incoming air without deformation; the function of the reinforcement stiffening network 9 ? more important in the case of main air filters 6 having a large surface area.
E? importante osservare che ciascun filtro 6 aria principale pu? avere in pianta una forma variegata (ad esempio circolare, rettangolare, ellittica, triangolare, trapezoidale o una combinazione di queste) in funzione della forma del condotto 5 di aspirazione, ovvero in funzione della forma dell?ambiente in cui il filtro 6 aria principale ? disposto. AND? important to note that each filter 6 main air can? have a varied shape in plan (for example circular, rectangular, elliptical, triangular, trapezoidal or a combination of these) according to the shape of the intake duct 5, or according to the shape of the environment in which the main air filter 6 is? willing.
Ciascun filtro 6 aria principale (ovvero il pannello 8 di materiale filtrante del filtro 6 aria principale) ? dimensionato in modo da trattenere particelle aventi una dimensione superiore a 10 micron (in generale tale limite ? compreso tra 5 e 20 micron); in altre parole, ciascun filtro 6 aria principale (ovvero il pannello 8 di materiale filtrante del filtro 6 aria principale) ? dimensionato per lasciare passare solo particelle aventi una dimensione inferiore a 10 micron (in generale tale limite ? compreso tra 5 e 20 micron). Each main air filter 6 (that is, the filter material panel 8 of the main air filter 6) ? sized to retain particles larger than 10 microns (generally this limit is between 5 and 20 microns); in other words, each main air filter 6 (that is, the filter material panel 8 of the main air filter 6) ? sized to allow only particles smaller than 10 microns to pass through (generally this limit is between 5 and 20 microns).
Secondo quanto illustrato nella figura 3, il sistema 3 di aspirazione comprende anche una coppia di filtri 10 aria secondari, ciascuno dei quali ? disposto lungo un corrispondente condotto 5 di aspirazione a monte del filtro 6 aria principale (ovvero pi? vicino alla presa 4 d?aria rispetto al filtro 6 aria principale) in modo tale che l?aria aspirata attraversi prima il filtro 10 aria secondario e solo successivamente il filtro 6 aria principale. In altre parole, ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario costituisce un pre-filtro rispetto al filtro 6 aria principale in quanto filtra l?aria aspirata prima del filtro 6 aria principale. As illustrated in figure 3, the intake system 3 also comprises a pair of secondary air filters 10, each of which ? arranged along a corresponding intake duct 5 upstream of the main air filter 6 (that is, closer to the air intake 4 with respect to the main air filter 6) so that the intake air first passes through the secondary air filter 10 and only then the main air filter 6. In other words, each secondary air filter 10 constitutes a pre-filter with respect to the main air filter 6 since it filters the air sucked in before the main air filter 6.
Preferibilmente, lungo un corrispondente condotto 5 di aspirazione, il filtro 6 aria principale ? disposto dentro al condotto 5 di aspirazione (comunque in prossimit? della presa 4 d?aria) mentre il filtro 10 aria secondario ? disposto in corrispondenza della presa 4 d?aria. L?eventuale griglia metallica a maglie relativamente larghe (dell?ordine di grandezza di uno o due centimetri) che ha la funzione di protezione contro i volatili ? ovviamente disposta a monte (pi? esternamente) del filtro 10 aria secondario. Preferably, along a corresponding intake duct 5, the main air filter 6 is disposed inside the intake duct 5 (in any case near the air intake 4) while the secondary air filter 10 ? located at the air intake 4. Any metal grille with relatively large meshes (of the order of one or two centimetres) which has the function of protection against birds? obviously arranged upstream (more externally) of the secondary air filter 10.
Secondo quanto illustrato nelle figure 5 e 6, ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario comprende un telaio 11 perimetrale ed un singolo telo 12 che ? montato sul telaio 11 perimetrale in modo tale da essere in tensione (ovvero in modo tale da essere teso come una pelle di tamburo) per permettere al telo 12 di vibrare (e quindi comportarsi esattamente come una pelle di tamburo). Il telaio 11 perimetrale ? costituito da un cornice (realizzata in alluminio, in materiale plastico oppure in materiale composito) che riproduce la forma del condotto 5 di aspirazione e su cui viene fissato in tensione il telo 12. Il telo 12 ? realizzato in materiale polimerico (ad esempio Peek o Nylon) e pu? essere sia di tessuto non tessuto, sia di tessuto con trama e ordito. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, each secondary air filter 10 comprises a perimeter frame 11 and a single sheet 12 which? mounted on the perimeter frame 11 in such a way as to be in tension (ie in such a way as to be taut like a drum skin) to allow the sheet 12 to vibrate (and therefore behave exactly like a drum skin). The perimeter frame 11 ? consisting of a frame (made of aluminium, plastic material or composite material) which reproduces the shape of the suction duct 5 and on which the sheet 12 is fixed under tension. The sheet 12 is made of polymeric material (for example Peek or Nylon) and pu? be both of non-woven fabric and of fabric with warp and weft.
A titolo di esempio, in ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario il telo 12 viene fissato al telaio 11 perimetrale dopo che al telo 12 ? stata applicata una tensione compresa tra 80 e 500 Newton. E? importante osservare che il telo 12 deve essere adeguatamente teso dal telaio 11 perimetrale per massimizzare la sua tendenza a vibrare quando eccitato; in altre parole, il telo 12 deve essere sufficientemente teso dal telaio 11 perimetrale ma non troppo teso dal telaio 11 perimetrale per permettere al telo 12 di vibrare (quanto pi? possibile) quando viene eccitato. By way of example, in each secondary air filter 10, the sheet 12 is fixed to the perimeter frame 11 after the sheet 12 is fixed. a voltage between 80 and 500 Newton was applied. AND? it is important to note that the sheet 12 must be adequately stretched by the perimeter frame 11 to maximize its tendency to vibrate when energized; in other words, the cloth 12 must be sufficiently stretched by the perimeter frame 11 but not too tight by the perimeter frame 11 to allow the cloth 12 to vibrate (as much as possible) when it is energized.
Ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario (ovvero il telo 12 del filtro 10 aria secondario) ? dimensionato in modo da trattenere particelle aventi una dimensione superiore a 50 micron (in generale tale limite ? compreso tra 40 e 60 micron); in altre parole, ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario (ovvero il telo 11 del filtro 10 aria secondario) ? dimensionato per lasciare passare solo particelle aventi una dimensione inferiore a 50 micron (in generale tale limite ? compreso tra 40 e 60 micron). Grazie alla sua conformazione, ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario presenta contemporaneamente una alta permeabilit? (ovvero ridotte perdite di carico) e anche un?elevata efficienza filtrante (ampiamente superiore al 50%) delle particelle di dimensione superiore a 50 micron. Each secondary air filter 10 (ie the sheet 12 of the secondary air filter 10) ? sized to retain particles larger than 50 microns (generally this limit is between 40 and 60 microns); in other words, each secondary air filter 10 (ie the sheet 11 of the secondary air filter 10) ? sized to allow only particles smaller than 50 microns to pass through (generally this limit is between 40 and 60 microns). Thanks to its conformation, each secondary air filter 10 has a high permeability at the same time. (ie reduced pressure drops) and also a high filtering efficiency (well above 50%) of particles larger than 50 microns.
La funzione di ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario ? di bloccare le particelle pi? grandi che possono causare un repentino intasamento del filtro 6 aria principale; a differenza del filtro 6 aria principale, il filtro 10 aria secondario ? ?autopulente?, cio? ? in grado di eliminare autonomamente le particelle pi? grandi che si fermano sulla superficie esterna del filtro 10 aria secondario rimanendo quindi sempre sufficientemente libero (ovvero evitando di intasarsi). In particolare, il telo 12 in tensione di ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario viene costantemente eccitato e quindi fatto vibrare dalle vibrazioni generata in volo dall?elicottero 1; inoltre, il telo 12 in tensione di ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario ? costantemente investito dal flusso di aria diretto verso il basso e generato dalle pale del rotore dell?elicottero 1. La combinazione della vibrazione del telo 12 in tensione e del flusso di aria diretto verso il basso e generato dalle pale del rotore dell?elicottero 1 permette di ottenere un continuo ?lavaggio? della superficie esterna del telo 12 che mantiene sempre adeguatamente pulita (libera) la superficie esterna del telo 12. In altre parole, il flusso di aria diretto verso il basso e generato dalle pale del rotore dell?elicottero permette di ?spazzare via? la polvere che viene costantemente fatta ?saltare? dal telo 12 in tensione che tende a vibrare per effetto delle vibrazioni dell?elicottero 1 in volo. The function of each secondary air filter 10 ? to block the particles pi? which can cause sudden clogging of the main air filter 6; unlike the main air filter 6, the secondary air filter 10? ?self-cleaning?, that is? ? able to independently eliminate the particles pi? which stop on the outer surface of the secondary air filter 10, thus always remaining sufficiently free (ie avoiding clogging). In particular, the tensioned sheet 12 of each secondary air filter 10 is constantly excited and therefore made to vibrate by the vibrations generated in flight by the helicopter 1; moreover, the tensioned sheet 12 of each secondary air filter 10 ? constantly hit by the air flow directed downwards and generated by the rotor blades of the helicopter 1. The combination of the vibration of the stretched sheet 12 and the air flow directed downwards and generated by the rotor blades of the helicopter 1 allows to obtain a continuous ?wash? of the external surface of the sheet 12 which always keeps the external surface of the sheet 12 adequately clean (free). In other words, the flow of air directed downwards and generated by the rotor blades of the helicopter allows to ?sweep away? the dust that is constantly ?blown? by the stretched sheet 12 which tends to vibrate due to the vibrations of the helicopter 1 in flight.
A tale proposito, ? importante osservare che in ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario il telaio 11 perimetrale deve essere adeguatamente rigido (ovvero poco elastico) e deve anche venire fissato al telaio dell?elicottero 1 senza l?interposizione di elementi elastici, in modo tale da trasmettere al telo 12 tutte le vibrazioni dell?elicottero 1 in volo senza in alcun modo filtrare (smorzare) tali vibrazioni. E? infatti necessario per la corretta ?autopulizia? del filtro 10 aria secondario che il telo 12 sia costantemente in vibrazione. About this, ? It is important to note that in each secondary air filter 10 the perimeter frame 11 must be adequately rigid (i.e. not very elastic) and must also be fixed to the frame of the helicopter 1 without the interposition of elastic elements, so as to transmit to the sheet 12 all the vibrations of the helicopter 1 in flight without in any way filtering (damping) these vibrations. AND? in fact necessary for the correct ?self-cleaning? of the secondary air filter 10 that the sheet 12 is constantly vibrating.
Preferibilmente, ciascun filtro 10 aria secondario ? disposto in corrispondenza della presa 4 d?aria in modo tale che una superficie esterna del telo 12 si trovi all?esterno del condotto 5 di aspirazione e quindi possa venire investita in pieno (cio? senza schermature) dal flusso di aria diretto verso il basso e generato dalle pale del rotore dell?elicottero 1. Preferably, each secondary air filter 10 ? arranged in correspondence with the air intake 4 in such a way that an external surface of the sheet 12 is located outside the suction duct 5 and therefore can be fully invested (i.e. without shielding) by the downward directed air flow and generated by the rotor blades of helicopter 1.
Secondo una diversa forma di attuazione, il sistema 3 di aspirazione potrebbe comprendere una unica presa 4 d?aria disposta in posizione centrale e quindi un unico condotto 5 di aspirazione che collega la presa 5 d?aria con il propulsore 2. According to a different embodiment, the intake system 3 could comprise a single air intake 4 arranged in a central position and therefore a single intake duct 5 which connects the air intake 5 with the propeller 2.
La forma di attuazione illustrata a titolo di esempio nelle figure illustrate ? relativa ad un elicottero 1, ma la presente invenzione pu? trovare vantaggiosa applicazione in qualsiasi tipo di aeromobile o di altro veicolo. The embodiment illustrated by way of example in the illustrated figures ? relating to a helicopter 1, but the present invention can? find advantageous application in any type of aircraft or other vehicle.
Le forme di attuazione qui descritte si possono combinare tra loro senza uscire dall'ambito di protezione della presente invenzione. The embodiments described here can be combined with each other without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.
Il sistema 3 di aspirazione sopra descritto presenta numerosi vantaggi. The aspiration system 3 described above has numerous advantages.
In primo luogo, nel sistema 3 di aspirazione sopra descritto la presenza del filtro 10 aria secondario in ciascun condotto 5 di aspirazione permette di evitare un veloce intasamento del filtro 6 aria principale durante le manovre di decollo o atterraggio in luoghi molto polverosi (ad esempio in zone desertiche e particolarmente al di fuori di aeroporti o eliporti in cui ? possibile manovrare in ambiti relativamente puliti). Firstly, in the intake system 3 described above, the presence of the secondary air filter 10 in each intake duct 5 makes it possible to avoid rapid clogging of the main air filter 6 during take-off or landing maneuvers in very dusty places (for example in desert areas and particularly outside airports or heliports where it is possible to maneuver in relatively clean areas).
Inoltre, nel sistema 3 di aspirazione sopra descritto i filtri 10 aria secondari sono ?autopulenti? e quindi non richiedono frequenti interventi di pulizia. Furthermore, in the aspiration system 3 described above, the secondary air filters 10 are ?self-cleaning? and therefore do not require frequent cleaning.
La presenza dei filtri 10 aria secondari ha un impatto molto limitato sulla efficienza dell?aspirazione, in quanto provocano delle perdite di carico modeste essendo composti da un singolo telo 12 in tensione. The presence of the secondary air filters 10 has a very limited impact on the efficiency of the suction, since they cause modest pressure drops being composed of a single stretched sheet 12.
Infine, il sistema 3 di aspirazione sopra descritto presenta un incremento di costo modesto e soprattutto un aumento di peso trascurabile rispetto ad un analogo sistema 3 di aspirazione privo dei filtri 10 aria secondari, in quanto i filtri 10 aria secondario sono particolarmente leggeri ed economici. Finally, the intake system 3 described above has a modest cost increase and above all a negligible weight increase compared to a similar intake system 3 without the secondary air filters 10, since the secondary air filters 10 are particularly light and cheap.
ELENCO DEI NUMERI DI RIFERIMENTO DELLE FIGURE LIST OF FIGURE REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 elicottero 1 helicopter
2 propulsore 2 thruster
3 sistema di aspirazione 3 vacuum system
4 presa di aria 4 air intake
5 condotto di aspirazione 5 intake duct
6 filtro aria principale 6 main air filter
7 telaio perimetrale 7 perimeter frame
8 pannello di materiale filtrante 8 panel of filter material
9 rete di rinforzo 9 reinforcing mesh
10 filtro aria secondario 10 secondary air filter
11 telaio perimetrale 11 perimeter frame
12 telo 12 cloth
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102021000008651A IT202100008651A1 (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | AIR INTAKE SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH A PRE-FILTER FOR A VEHICLE ENGINE |
| DE102022001192.1A DE102022001192A1 (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | AIR INTAKE SYSTEM WITH PREFILTER FOR A DRIVE OF A VEHICLE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102021000008651A IT202100008651A1 (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | AIR INTAKE SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH A PRE-FILTER FOR A VEHICLE ENGINE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IT202100008651A1 true IT202100008651A1 (en) | 2022-10-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102021000008651A IT202100008651A1 (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | AIR INTAKE SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH A PRE-FILTER FOR A VEHICLE ENGINE |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| DE (1) | DE102022001192A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT202100008651A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3111947B1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-05-27 | Airbus Helicopters | self-cleaning media air filtration system and method for an aircraft engine |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022001192A1 (en) | 2022-10-13 |
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