IT202000008965A1 - Smartwatch for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, hemoglobin and cardio-pressure holter - Google Patents

Description

Description

[001] The present patent proposal has as its field of reference the methodology of integration of advanced technologies such as the IoT, electronic engineering and bio-engineering applied to a new electronic device (smartwatch) that can be of help in diagnostics at a distance of the vital parameters of each individual as regards the detection of atrial fibrillations, the value of hemoglobin in the blood and so on? doing the detection of the quantity? of oxygen present in the blood (oximetry) and detecting in a wide temporal window how much you want the vital parameters of arterial pressure, pu? consider itself as a valid substitute for the pressure holter.

[002] Another innovative element of our patent concerns the detection, the elaboration and the possibility? to render in graphic form the trend of the electrocardiogram of the patient wearing our innovative smartwatch; being able to store data in real time over a wide time window, it can? a cardiac holter should also be considered in the same way as for blood pressure.

[003] Last innovative element? linked to the possibility? to detect and store the values relating to body temperature over a time window as wide as you want; cos? by combining all the pecuniary characteristics mentioned above, we can say that our innovative technological invention provides a valid support for remote diagnostics (telemedicine) and a valid support and aid in the event that a pandemic occurs, or in the case of is facing a pandemic, the values of oxygen contained in the blood, body temperature and cardio-pressure monitoring can uniquely indicate whether the person? affected or not affected by the pandemic virus.

[004] To better clarify the above, it is sufficient to think that, in current times, the coronavirus pandemic covid-19 occurs in people initially with an increase in body temperature around 37.5 ° C and with a reduction in the percentage of oxygen. present in the blood; these are the main 2 targets that trigger the alarm on the possibility? that the person has contracted the virus and, through the execution of a molecular swab, the certification whether or not he is affected by a pandemic virus.

[005] Although in the literature we find several industrial patents concerning a single of those treated by us in our technological invention, see patents WO 2014087843A1, US5431159A, US2006173257A1, US2006217603A1 for oximeters; for the detection of blood pressure of particular interest the patents: US2017347894A1, US2019196411A1 and for the electrocardiogram the patent WO2017146616A1, nothing finds innovative application as we have exposed in our patent.

[006] Last aspect that makes our technological discovery unique and innovative? due to the fact that to date, to our knowledge, there is nothing in scientific literature that through a smartwatch can detect the occurrence or not of an atrial fibrillation event.

[007] In the above-mentioned patents and in many others having the same patent / technological development a very specific problem is exposed (detection of the electrocardiogram or blood pressure detection or detection of oxygen concentration in the blood) and it is developed through engineering of a very particular electronic device such as an electrocardiogram or an oximeter while in our patent application through a single device the biometric data are detected in order to obtain information in real time on vital values such as: concentration of oxygen in the blood, detection of the electrocardiogram and the detection of blood pressure in real time and on an observation window as wide as you want in order to monitor the values even for more? days, replacing the current pressure and cardiac holters on the market.

[008] All these innovative aspects make our smartwatch an electronic device for the detection of vital and complementary biometric data for the medical sector, providing valid support for remote medicine (telemedicine), e-health and diagnostics a potential contagion of the person by pandemic virus, in the event that, as in the current pandemic from coranavirus covid-19, the tags that detect a potential contagion are precisely the concentration of oxygen in the blood and body temperature.

[009] The principle behind our innovative smartwatch consists in the possibility? in addition to detecting body temperature, pressure and heart rate, the possibility? to detect the concentration of oxygen in the blood and the detection of atrial fibrillation when it occurs.

[010] Pulse rate and oxygen saturation are two important clinical measurements that indicate the state of a person's essential body functions. The oxygen saturation? the measurement of oxygenated hemoglobin in arterial blood, that is, it indicates the level of oxygen in the blood. Pulse oximeters (or oximeters), consisting of LEDs and photodetectors, offer a simple and inexpensive means of non-invasively monitoring both the pulse rate and the oxygen saturation in the blood.

[011] The main objective of our innovative discovery? centered on the development of a wireless platform for MEMS devices. For this purpose? A pulse oximeter was also developed as a demonstration vehicle for this wireless platform. A microcontroller (850) and a Bluetooth module (800) were used to transmit data from the sensor (900) to the smartphone (001) and d? A software on an Android-like platform was developed to connect with the Bluetooth module and receive, track and save data. Once the sensor and application were developed, as shown in Fig. 1, the pulse rate and oxygen saturation measurements were compared with measurements made by a commercial pulse oximeter (or oximeter) to determine the accuracy of the pulse. device. The sensor? was able to measure accurately with an average error rate of? 2.86% and? 1.08% for heart rate and oxygen saturation respectively.

[012] An oximeter? a device capable of measuring oxygen saturation in a non-invasive way. Before the invention of the oximeter, it was measured by performing a blood gas analysis on blood samples taken from the patient. This method does not provide real-time feedback and? an invasive procedure. For a healthy individual with sufficient oxygen in the bloodstream, the tongue and lips appear pink. However, when oxygen levels are low, they appear blue. This bluish appearance of the skin and mucous membranes? precursor symptom of cyanosis. Hypoxemia, or abnormally low blood oxygen concentrations, were primarily evaluated for cyanosis. The use of cyanosis for the clinical evaluation of hypoxemia? extremely unreliable why? several factors including skin color and room lighting can affect cyanosis detection. Also, cyanosis? visible only when the deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration? above a certain limit. So a severely anemic patient cannot? never show signs of cyanosis even if extremely hypoxic. Therefore, a tool to constantly monitor oxygen saturation levels? very important. An oximeter measures oxygen saturation levels and pulse rate from a photoplethysmogram (PPG).

[013] Most oximeters display the plethysmograph trace in addition to arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate. The function pi? important of the track? judge if the oximeters are working properly. However, a normal plethysmograph trace does not imply that the value of

is correct. An oximeter? consisting of a red LED (~ 650 nm), an infrared LED (~ 940nm) and a photo-detector. The PPG is obtained by measuring the change in light absorbed by the blood and the absorption ratio of red light to infrared is used to calculate the Oximeters are widely used in ICU and during surgery and other procedures involving sedation.

[014] Oxygen saturation can? be defined as the ratio of oxygenated hemoglobin to total (oxygenated and deoxygenated) hemoglobin in the blood. If all binding sites on hemoglobin have oxygen molecules attached to them, the hemoglobin is said to be 100% saturated; or in formulation we have:

The oxygen saturation? the fifth vital sign pi? important after heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure and breathing. Individuals more? healthy people have an arterial oxygen saturation level of 95% -100% at sea level. Since? the saturation levels depend on the partial pressure of the gas, the extreme altitude can? affect saturation levels. Venous blood normally has a saturation of about 75%. The level of oxygen saturation remains roughly constant over time, but health problems such as lung disease or smoking can cause these levels to drop. For example, 94% can? be considered normal for a heavy smoker. The level of arterial oxygen saturation? less than 90%,? considered low and requires treatment.

[015] Hemoglobin forms reversible and unstable bonds with oxygen to form HbO2. In its oxygenated state, it appears of a bright red color and in its reduced state, it appears more purplish in color. dark. The Beer-Lambert law can? be used to calculate the absorption of monochromatic light from a transparent substance through which it passes as shown in the equation below:

Where is it ? the intensity? of the transmitted light,? the intensity? of the incident light,? ? the extinction coefficient (the fraction of light absorbed at a certain wavelength), c? the concentration of the absorbent substance and d? the length of the path through the sample. ? possible to derive two independent equations to describe the absorption of Hb and at two different wavelengths, that is? red and infrared. These equations can then be solved to find the oxygen saturation, since? there? depends on the Hb ratio

So, after solving these equations, the ??? 2? can be calculated using the following equation:

Where A and B are constant and R? the relationship between the density? optics

of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin. However, the Beer - Lambert law only applies to monochromatic radiation through a homogeneous substance. There must be only one absorbent and there must be no reaction between the absorbent and the solvent. The blood ? a non-homogeneous substance and the quantity? of absorbed light changes as the blood volume changes. While the principle of pulse oximetry is based on the Beer-Lambert law, the non-homogeneous nature of the blood makes it clear that the device must be calibrated.

[016] Typically, oximeters used a red LED at about 660 nm and an infrared LED at 880 nm - 940 nm. The range of wavelengths that can be used in 600nm -1300nm. At wavelengths below 600 nm, the skin pigment, melanin, is strongly absorbed and at wavelengths above 1300 nm, the water present in the tissues is strongly absorbed. The sensor containing the LEDs and the photo-detector is placed in close contact with the skin, usually within reach of the finger or wrist, and is calculated from the absorption ratio of the two wavelengths. The detector can? be positioned in such a way that the sensor works in mode? reflection or transmission.

[017] We will now analyze two configurations represented in fig. 2 for the arrangement of the oximetry sensors on the finger or on the earlobe: in the oximetry mode? reflectance, the LEDs (200) and the photo-detector (300) are on the same side of the probe. These sensors can be placed on the fingertips or on the earlobe. The photodiode measures the light scattered in bone, tissues and blood vessels. In the oximetry mode? transmission, the detector? positioned on the opposite side of the sensor by the LEDs (200). These sensors can be placed on the fingertips, wrist, chest, forehead, etc. While a device that uses the mode? transmission can? provide good measurements, the number of sites in which it can? be positioned? limited. It must be placed in a point through which the light can? be easily transmitted. The reflectance-based device, however, does not have this problem and can? also be placed in areas where light can not? be easily transmitted.

[018] Oximeters are calibrated using an empirical method in which a given ratio, R, is used to estimate oxygen saturation levels. R? a ratio between the amplitude of the AC and DC signals of the red and infrared LEDs, according to the following formula:

Traditionally, oximeters have been calibrated by the in vivo method. This method used a CO oximeter for comparison. There are four common types of hemoglobin: reduced lobin oxygenated hemoglobin (Hb), carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and methemoglobe The CO-oximeter analyzes the concentration of different types of hemoglobin using up to four wavelengths of light.

The procedure involved taking blood samples from the radial artery and then analyzing these samples to ascertain the levels of COHb and MetHb. This is then used to calculate the oxygen / air mixture needed to bring the oxygen saturation to 100%. So they breathe an oxygen / air combination with progressively less oxygen and more? nitrogen, making the patient progressively more? hypoxic and at each stage arterial blood samples are collected from the patient and analyzed using the CO oximeter, creating a calibration curve for oxygen saturation. Ultimately we modified? A clothespin? with a red LED and an infrared LED on one side and a photodiode on the other, to make the oximeter in mode? transmission. AND? has been designed, see figures 3 and 4, an electronic circuit to convert the photo-current into a voltage that will be? centered at 0.4 V and having a peak signal of 200 mV. Obtained the tension will proceed? then filter and amplify this voltage to obtain the required pulsatile signal. This signal? it was then processed using a microcontroller (850) and then sent to a Bluetooth module (800) to be transmitted to a smartphone (001) and to the smartwatch (8000). ? An application was also written to activate Bluetooth on the smartphone (001) and connect to a paired device. The app then receives the data transmitted by the Bluetooth module connected to the microcontroller and displays, tracks and saves the data in a text file.

[020] In fig. 5? represented the wiring diagram of the circuit for the detection of atrial fibrillation: in this diagram you can see how in addition to the microcontroller yes? in the presence of a bio-sensor, connected to the same microcontroller, which in turn connects, through 3 distinct outputs, 3 electrodes (1001) for the detection of heart rate and thanks to an innovative algorithm yes? able to detect the values of atrial fibrillation, which in medical / scientific terms is also indicated with the term AF.

[021] Atrial fibrillation (AF)? the form pi? common of cardiac arrhythmia and affects up to 2% of the general population, with a steady rise in prevalence caused by increasing people's life expectancy. This happens why? the incidence increases with increasing age. In addition to the main risks of this pathology, namely stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA),? it recently emerged that fibrillated patients are prone to dementia and cognitive decline, regardless of clinically relevant events. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the link between AF and dementia and cognitive decline: Silent cerebral ischemia (SIC), micro-bleeding, altered brain hemodynamics, and pro-inflammatory conditions are all potential contributors to early cognitive impairment in patients with atrial fibrillation. . The role of silent cerebral ischemia and micro-bleeding in the genesis of cognitive impairment? been studied, while the role of the alteration of the cerebral hemodynamics is not? still been regarded as it should. In fact, in the literature there are only a few studies on the alteration of cerebral blood flow caused by AF. Can we say that AF atrial fibrillation? an arrhythmia with a prevalence in the general population of 0.5-1%. Although relatively low among young people, the percentage increases with age: 4.8% between 70 and 79 years, 8.8% between 80 and 89 years. In Italy, the prevalence of FA in the general population? equal to 0.8% for men and 0.7% for women, rising to 2.5% for men and 2.4% for women for over 65s. The age average of patients enticed by the disease? 75 years old, of which about 70% are aged? between 65 and 85 years old. Since? the population with age? over 65? set to increase over the next few decades? It is clear that an AF epidemic is expected with a growing hospitalization trend. Do you remember atrial fibrillation? associated with high risks of cardio-vascular events such as strokes, heart attacks and myocardial death with the relative death of the patient. The correct blood flow in the heart depends on an appropriate contraction of the heart muscle and there? ? due to the generation and transmission of electrical impulses. ? this activity? biological electric that can? be recorded and analyzed using the ECG signal that? very useful in the diagnosis of a quantity? significant cardiac abnormalities. The ECG? the best way to detect AF atrial fibrillation disorder.

[022] Atrial Fibrillation Disorder AF? an abnormal heart rate represented by the instantaneous and irregular beating of the atria. It often begins as momentary bouts of abnormal beating and eventually becomes longer. long and possibly constant over time. This disorder can? increase the risk of stroke, heart failure and various other heart-related complications. During AF atrial fibrillation, the two upper chambers of the heart (the atria) beat chaotically and irregularly. ? pi? It is likely that the rhythm is not coordinated with the two lower chambers of the heart which are called the ventricles. AF atrial fibrillation? the result of poor blood supply and flow throughout the body and this disruption causes blood clots to form in the heart which eventually circulate to other organs and lead to blocked blood flow which? known as ischemia. When these clots travel to the brain and create a blockage in a blood vessel, the most common type of stroke occurs. common and harmful, and about 20% of this type of stroke results directly from AF atrial fibrillation. Yup ? also found that, aside from many other symptoms and repercussions, people with AF atrial fibrillation disorder have a chance. five times greater than suffering a stroke. In addition, strokes that result from AF atrial fibrillation are more common. serious and cause greater disability? compared to those in patients without AF atrial fibrillation.

[023] An ECG signal represents activity? of the four chambers of the heart.

This signal? a series of a P wave, a QRS complex and a T wave as shown in Figure 7: the P wave indicates atrial depolarization. The PR interval begins at the beginning of the P wave and ends at the beginning of the QRS complex. The PR interval represents the time during which a depolarization wave travels from the atria to the ventricles; the QRS interval involves ventricular depolarization and atrial re-polarization; it contains three deflections: Q wave, R wave and S wave. The main characteristic of AF atrial fibrillation disorder? the irregular rhythm of the heartbeat or more? specifically when a variable period is observed in the ECG signal between the R peaks? A. We therefore focused on developing an affordable and easy-to-use diagnostic ECG system that you will study. the ECG signal both in the absence of AF atrial fibrillation (normal case) and in the presence of AF atrial fibrillation, followed by the analysis of heart rate variations and the comparison of the result with the predetermined values, this to create an alert in case of anomalies cardiac. The system ? required to collect data for about 60 seconds and during this period the subject will have to? refrain from any kind of movement or speaking and keep breathing regular. Next, the data needs to be analyzed in terms of counting heartbeats per minute, determining the R peak, and finding the real-time RR interval. The device will contribute? to the possible detection of the AF atrial fibrillation detection confirming two decision factors: beats per minute considerably more? highs (BPM), heart rate interval changes (inconsistent and outside the range 0.6-1.2 s).

[024] Will the electrical circuit of Figure 5 work? using the ECG bio-sensor (20) which captures the electrical signal originating from the heart. We used a low-cost, non-invasive commercial device having bandwidth as a bio-signal sensor kit to collect ECG signals? between 0.5 and 40 Hz to ensure the accuracy and resolution of ECG signals. The acquired tension can? first be displayed by a software such as OpenSignals, which allows the acquisition of data in real time and off-line navigation. For the acquisition of the ECG through the bio-sensor, we will have two sampling frequencies, one at 100 Hz and one at 1 KHz. The sensor output, i.e. the extracted heart signal, is sent to the unit? central processing unit, the microprocessor / microcontroller (10) for monitoring and counting purposes. The unit data acquisition? was built by building a circuit in which the bio-sensor pin (30)? been connected to the 3.3 V power supply (40) and to the ground pin (50) of the microcontroller (10). The output pin (60) of the bio-sensor? connected to one of the analog ports of the microcontroller board (10) for signal processing. Furthermore, 2 resistors (500) and (600) have been used having a value equal to 100 K ?; these resistors (500) and (600) perform the function of voltage divider for the sensor reference (70). On the microprocessor / microcontroller (10)? there is a software that simulates the algorithm for extracting the value associated with atrial fibrillation. The first part of the algorithm? was developed to extract and trace the raw ECG signal and to convert the signal using the transfer function and process it with the digital filtering method. The second part of the algorithm determines the heartbeats per minute of the healthy ECG signal, followed by the RR interval of the ECG signal. The third part of the algorithm compares the result acquired by the second part with the normal values that have been included in the algorithm as a threshold value to show the warning for any cardiac events. The AF ECG signal data was obtained and used for further signal processing and analysis in order to obtain a regular and better quality ECG signal. removing the noise.

[025] The electrodes (1001) can be positioned as described in the patent WO2017146616A1 or inserted in an elastic band to be placed on the chest, as can be done? easily see in a gym when there are people using the exercise bike to train and monitor their heart rate. How can bio-sensor? be used a common low-cost bio-sensor or if you want to improve the quality? of values and minimize the margin of uncertainty on the measurement? Is it possible and advisable to use graphene bio-sensors thanks to the high conductivity? electrical (better than gold) and high mechanical resistance to sudden changes in temperature and breaking loads.

[027] In fig. 6 indicates a new configuration proposed by us to simultaneously measure the photo-plethysmography (3005) and impedance (3008) signals from the subject's wrist for blood pressure detection. The proposed biosensor system allows for a completely non-intrusive system that has no cuffs, plus it uses a single measurement site for maximum fit. and practicality? of patients. The device we propose? attached to the back of the wrist strap and directly contact the subject's skin. In summary, we use four LEDs to transmit light in different optical wavelengths (in both visible and near-infrared optical spectra) between 660 and 940 nm. However, only the signal from (3005) having a wavelength of 940 nm is used for analysis, the signals from the multichannel (3005) sensor can be used for heart rate (HR) during strenuous exercise , the algorithm for the reduction of motion artifacts from the signal coming from (3005) multichannel pu? be used to separate HR signal and time domain motion artifacts. The size of the sensor (3005)?, As regards our prototype, equal to 15? 15 and use a photodiode (PD) to detect the light reflected from the skin of the subject's wrist. Also, the sensor (3008) proposed? consisting of four conductive silver-plated polyester electrodes which are flexible, stretchable in both directions and suitable for long-term health monitoring. Any electrode? sewn to the strap and acts as a voltage detector and current injector. In this patent proposal we used 500? A from a 100 kHz current source, which? considered safe for the human body and helps sufficiently to detect the variance of impedance.

[028] In fig. 8? finally represented the design of the wearable body temperature sensing device. This device integrates several modules. The figure describes the system architecture divided into: detection modules, microcontrollers, wireless or bluetooth communication modules. The sensors collect both biometric and environmental data and physiological information, then the microcontroller performs the preliminary data collection and processing, and transmits the data using wireless communication, through the smartwatch, to the final device to calculate the current risk level. When the final device has received the risk level, it sends recommendations to the user regarding all necessary precautions.

[029] The sensor (0001) measures the changes in skin surface resistance by releasing a microcurrent on the human body and amplifies the weak analog signal using an LM324PW type operational amplifier, while the skin resistance (G) depends on humidity. of the skin, from vasoconstriction and relaxation, thickness of the stratum corneum and chemicals. So, when a person's mood changes or feels uncomfortable, then the value of the skin's resistance. To set the system to 1 minute for sampling to calculate the average GSR value as a reference for calculating the change in skin resistance we used the equation:

The change in skin resistance (? G)? given by the equation:

Where is it automatically calculated by the system as the initial value, N? the sampling interval equal to 60 sec and? the value extracted and sampled from 0001 in 60 sec.

The sensor (0003)? an MLX90614 type sensor with power consumption, small error characteristics, with a temperature detection range ranging from -40? C to 125? C, with an error of? 0.5? C. However, the sensor temperature? the skin surface temperature We used a previous process to apply the wearable device core temperature estimation method to estimate core temperature

Since? the sensor? positioned on the wrist we uniquely define that the parameter? ? equal to 0.7665.

Finally the sensor (0002)? a common sensor for the detection of the ambient temperature and of the humidity? SHT75 type that operates at a temperature ranging from -40? C to 123.8? C, with an error of? 0.3? C and with a detection of humidity? which ranges from 0 to 100% with an error of? 1.8%.

[030] The biometric data present on the smartwatch (8000) such as ECG, oximetry, blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, etc. extracts and processed from different sensors are sent via bluetooth or wireless or gsm or 5G connection or other present and future technology, to a cloud (100) used for telemedicine or e-health whose data can be protected by means of a cloud structure ( 100) blockchain type (999); the complete architecture? shown in fig. 1. The data relating to the monitoring of blood pressure and electrocardiogram with evidence of possible atrial fibrillation events can be saved on the cloud (100) for more? days, constituting a valid substitute for the pressure holter and the cardiac holter.

Claims (1)

Claims Smartwatch for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, hemoglobin and cardio-pressure holter [001] Smartwatch (8000) for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, blood pressure, the concentration of the quantity? of oxygen present in the blood connected by data transmission technology (800) to a cloud (100) in which? there is a blockchain (999) for storing data from the smartwatch (8000) and the smartphone (001); the system ? consisting of: a) photoplethysmogram sensor module for detecting the oxygen concentration (900) constituted in turn by a pair of sensors (200) and 300); b) from an ECG biosensor (20) and electrodes (1001) for the detection of atrial fibrillation; c) a pair of sensors (3005) and (3008) for detecting blood pressure and a pair of sensors (0001) and (0002) for detecting body temperature. [002] Smartwatch (8000) for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, blood pressure, the concentration of the quantity? of oxygen present in the blood as in claim 1, wherein the sensor for detecting the concentration of oxygen in the blood placed in close contact with the skin (200)? consisting of a red LED (650nm) and an infrared LED (940nm) and the sensor (300) by a photo-detector whose voltage? centered at 0.4V and having a peak-to-peak signal of 200mV. [003] Smartwatch (8000) for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, blood pressure, concentration of the quantity? of oxygen present in the blood as in claim 2, in which the signal coming from the sensors (200) and (300) are processed by the microcontroller (850) and sent by means of the data transmission module (800) to the smartphone (001) and to the smartwatch (8000) and in turn can be sent to the cloud (100). [004] Smartwatch (8000) for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, blood pressure, concentration of the quantity? of oxygen present in the blood as in claim 1, in which for the detection of atrial fibrillation will be? used an ECG biosensor (20) having a bandwidth between 05 Hz and 40 Hz, two sampling frequencies, one at 100 Hz and one at 1KHz, a voltage divider for the reference (70) of the biosensor (20) formed by a resistor (500) with a value of 100 K? and a resistance (600) of value equal to 100 K ?. [005] Smartwatch (8000) for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, blood pressure, concentration of the quantity of oxygen present in the blood as in claims 1 and 4, in which the data comes from (20), which can? be also of graphene, are addressed to the microcontroller (10) on which? there is an algorithm for the extraction of the value associated with atrial fibrillation. [006] Smartwatch (8000) for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, blood pressure, the concentration of the quantity? of oxygen present in the blood as in claim 1, in which a sensor (3005) having dimensions of 15 x 15 consisting of 4 LEDs that transmit light at a wavelength equal to 940 nm and a sensor are used for the detection of arterial pressure (3008) consisting of 4 flexible conductive electrodes in silver-plated polyester. [007] Smartwatch (8000) for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, blood pressure, the concentration of the quantity? of oxygen present in the blood as in claims 1 and 6 wherein the electrodes of the sensor (3008) which are sewn into the strap of the smartwatch (8000) inject a current of 500? A. [008] Smartwatch (8000) for e-health for the detection of atrial fibrillation, body temperature, blood pressure, the concentration of the quantity? of oxygen present in the blood as in claim 1 in which the sensor (0001) for changes in surface resistance, a sensor (0003) for measuring the temperature of the skin surface by infrared, a sensor are used for the detection of body temperature (0002) for the detection of ambient temperature and humidity? and is it considered a corrective parameter? equal to 0.7665 since? the detection sensors are placed on the wrist.