IT201800004893A1 - PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING AN ABSORBENT STRUCTURE - Google Patents

Description

Description of the invention having as title:

"PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS TO MAKE AN ABSORBENT STRUCTURE"

FIELD OF APPLICATION

Embodiments of the present invention relate to an absorbent structure of an absorbent hygienic article, such as for example a diaper, a diaper-pant, a diaper for incontinence, an absorbent, or other articles intended to absorb body fluids.

In particular, embodiments of the present invention relate to a fluffless, or fluff-free, absorbent structure in which there are substantially no cellulose fibers intended as fluff.

Embodiments of the present invention also refer to an absorbent hygienic article comprising this absorbent structure, a process for making the latter, as well as to a relative apparatus.

Embodiments of the present invention also relate to a computer program of an apparatus for making such absorbent structures.

STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

There are absorbent structures which comprise an absorbent core made of fibrous material in which particles of superabsorbent material are integrated.

Some known absorbent cores comprise an absorbent mat of fibrous material of natural and unbound origin, which typically can consist of cellulose fibers also known as fluff.

However, an absorbent mat made with fluff is difficult to work with, poorly adaptable in shape and expensive.

The particles of superabsorbent material are integrated into the fibrous material as they are able to retain high quantities of liquid in an almost stable manner.

Superabsorbent material particles typically comprise hydrogelifying materials, such as Absorbent Gelling Material (AGM), or Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP). In this disclosure, the terms "absorbent polymer material", "absorbent gelling material", "AGM", "superabsorbent", "superabsorbent material", "super absorbent polymer", and "SAP are used interchangeably to indicate a superabsorbent material" ".

By way of non-limiting example, a superabsorbent material can comprise a polymeric material capable of absorbing a 0.9% aqueous saline solution in an amount equal to at least 5 times its weight, said quantity being measured with the "Centrifuge Retention Capacity "(according to the EDANA standard 441.2-01).

In order to confine the particles of superabsorbent material and to provide the desired shape to the absorbent structure, the absorbent core is typically enclosed between two cover layers welded together.

Absorbent structures are known in which the absorbent core has areas devoid of material, which are referred to in the sector as channels or magic tubes.

These channels favor and speed up the distribution of body fluids in the absorbent core by partially involving areas of the latter typically not affected by liquids if such channels are not present.

Some known solutions provide for physically isolating the channels from the material of the absorbent core by fixing the two covering layers together within the channels themselves, for example by gluing or welding.

These fastening operations are complex, expensive and moreover they are considerably affected by the contamination of superabsorbent material and / or by the fibers of the absorbent core possibly present on the fastening surfaces which can make the joints ineffective. Other known solutions provide for the channels to be made, for example by injecting air into specific areas while the absorbent core is formed in suitable formation pockets. This known technique hinders the access and deposition of absorbent material in the areas of the absorbent core into which air is injected so as to obtain channels substantially free of absorbent material.

This known solution is also problematic, since it is necessary to have a specific device for forming the absorbent structure provided with suitable pockets for depositing the absorbent material and air injection ducts for forming the channels for each specific configuration to be created.

These and other known solutions have not yet made it possible to adequately satisfy the needs of the sector, since the known absorbing structures available are still bulky, involve complex processing, involve high losses of material, and do not allow to obtain an efficient distribution of the liquid. involving currently unaffected areas of the absorbent core.

In this context, the need has materialized to provide high-performance absorbent structures that are compact, light and easy to make in order to be able to manage their processing, packaging and distribution efficiently.

There is therefore a need to improve and make available an absorbent structure and an absorbent hygienic article comprising this absorbent structure, which overcome at least one of the drawbacks of the known art.

There is also the need to improve and make available a method for making this absorbent structure, as well as a relative apparatus, which overcome at least one of the drawbacks of the known art.

There is also the need to improve and make available a computer program of an apparatus for making such absorbent structures which overcomes at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art.

An object of the present invention is to provide a compact absorbent structure, easy to make, with high adaptability to the shapes and high wearability for the user.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an absorbent structure capable of rapidly distributing body fluids, efficiently involving large areas of the absorbent core.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide an absorbent structure that is light, compact and capable of being folded easily so as to be able to optimize the spaces in the packaging, significantly reducing storage and transport costs.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an absorbent structure that does not require a plurality of specific and complex devices to obtain different conformations, in which the devices used to make different absorbent structures do not require frequent redesigns and / or costly tests for their installation. in service.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorbent hygienic article comprising at least one absorbent structure capable of improving the acquisition, diffusion and storage performance of body fluids.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for making an absorbent structure which involves simple and rapid operations and which substantially does not generate waste.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a process for making an absorbent structure that allows to obtain a high range of absorbent structures having different conformations without requiring long and expensive redesigns.

The present invention also has the purpose of providing an apparatus for the construction of absorbent structures that are not bulky, without devices for managing scraps and which allows to obtain a wide range of different absorbent structures.

A further purpose is to provide a computer program for an apparatus for making absorbent structures capable of controlling the latter to create a plurality of different formats of absorbent structures.

In order to obviate the drawbacks of the known art and to obtain these and further objects and advantages, the Applicant has studied, tested and implemented the present invention.

EXPOSURE OF THE FOUND

The present invention is expressed and characterized in the independent claims, while the dependent claims disclose other features of the present invention or variants of the main solution idea.

In accordance with the aforementioned purposes, the present invention relates to an absorbent structure of an absorbent hygienic article which comprises a plurality of distinct panels, in which each panel is provided with a respective edge.

According to possible embodiments, the edge of a panel can comprise a connecting portion placed between the two faces of the panel itself. The connecting portion can be transversal to the faces of the panel.

According to possible embodiments, the edge of a panel can comprise an end portion for each face of the panel which is close to the connecting portion. Each panel has at least one end portion for each of its faces.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, at least one of the edges can be coupled in part to at least one other edge, obtaining an assembly of coupled panels.

According to possible embodiments, at least one of the connecting portions of an edge of a panel can be coupled in part to at least another connecting portion of an edge of another panel.

According to possible embodiments, at least one of the end portions of a face of a panel can be coupled in part to at least another end portion of a face of another panel.

The term coupled means that at least two parts of two distinct panels, for example two edges, whether they are intended as connecting portions and / or end portions, are connected to each other, are side by side, or are placed in mutual contact. For example, two edges of two distinct panels can be connected to each other, or joined together, by welding and / or glue.

In this document it is intended that the edges of two panels are joined together when they are placed at a defined minimum mutual distance.

According to possible embodiments, the edges of two distinct panels can be placed at a minimum mutual distance equal to or less than 5 mm. According to possible embodiments, the edges of two distinct panels can be placed at a minimum mutual distance equal to or less than 3 mm.

According to the present invention, at least one of the coupled edges comprises at least one recess defining an opening between the coupled edges.

According to possible embodiments, at least a connecting portion of at least one of the coupled edges comprises at least a recess defining an opening between the coupled edges. Thanks to the presence of one or more openings placed between the coupled edges of the panels, a material-free zone is created through which, in use, the liquid can pass. This opening substantially fulfills the function of channel, but with better performances since its action is synergistically assisted by the coupling zone which is determined between the coupled edges. This aspect is particularly evident in the case in which the edges are close together, or are placed at a minimum mutual distance equal to or less than 5 mm.

The openings allow the liquid to be conveyed towards areas of the internal panels and areas of the panels opposite to that of acquisition of the liquid, while the coupling area acts as a conveyance and accumulation channel that tends to distribute the liquid along the direction defined by the coupling area itself.

The combined action of the opening with the coupling area allows the liquid to be distributed and conveyed to a plurality of areas of the panels typically not involved in the known absorbent cores, increasing the absorption efficiency of the absorbent structure as a whole.

The openings also allow to improve the flexibility of the absorbent structure as they define at least one fold line which, in use, significantly improves the fit and comfort of the absorbent structure for the user.

This at least one fold line allows the absorbent hygienic articles having such absorbent structures to be packaged in a compact way and stored in suitable containers of contained dimensions and therefore allows to significantly reduce storage and transport costs.

The recess is advantageously made at the edge of a panel as in this way it is possible to define its shape in a simple and precise way.

As will be clear in the following, thanks to this configuration it is possible to realize panels provided with recesses starting from a single belt, substantially eliminating the scraps.

According to possible embodiments of the present invention, each of the coupled edges can comprise at least one recess and at least one coupling portion.

Edge recesses can define respective openings between the mated edges.

This allows to create openings in both coupled panels and to standardize the liquid distribution action between both panels.

Edge mating sections can be mated to each other.

This last embodiment allows to simplify both the realization of the absorbent structure and to obtain a structurally stable absorbent structure, in which the edges of the panels are mutually coupled along predefined coupling sections.

According to possible embodiments, the recesses present on the respective coupled edges can define in pairs a single opening between the coupled edges themselves.

This allows to obtain a localized opening in a precise area of the assembly of the coupled panels, making the absorbent structure regular in shape and optimized to perform its function.

According to possible embodiments, the coupled edges can be in mutual contact. For example, the panels can be fixed on a common covering layer with the respective edges placed in mutual contact.

In this case, the absorbent structure has the advantage of allowing the liquid to penetrate along the coupling sections, also involving the coupled edges in contact in the acquisition of the liquid.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the coupled edges can be fixed to each other, for example by gluing or welding, whether thermal or ultrasonic.

This solution makes the absorbent structure more structurally stable and can be manipulated with a common manipulator for the coupled panels.

According to possible embodiments, at least one of the panels can comprise a non-woven fabric in which particles of superabsorbent material are present.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the absorbent structure can comprise at least a first panel coupled to two side panels, in which the first panel comprises a non-woven fabric and the side panels comprise a non-woven fabric in which particles of super-absorbent material are present.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the absorbent structure can comprise at least a first panel coupled to two side panels, in which the first panel comprises a non-woven fabric in which particles of super-absorbent material are present and the side panels comprise a non-woven fabric.

Thanks to the presence of a first panel and of the separate and coupled side panels, it is possible to create absorbent structures having areas with diversified chemical-physical properties. In particular, the panels having a non-woven fabric in which particles of superabsorbent material are present act as storage zones, the panels having a non-woven fabric act as distribution and conveying zones, and the openings defined between the panels act as channels.

In this way it is possible to create absorbent structures with channels and distribution and conveying areas that allow the different areas to be distributed and made to work in an efficient and widespread way.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel can have a maximum width smaller than the maximum width of at least one of the side panels. This aspect allows to optimize the distribution of the areas of the absorbent structure by maximizing the storage areas with respect to the distribution and conveying areas.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel can have a maximum width smaller than the maximum width of the side panel having the maximum width between the side panels.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel can have a maximum width greater than the maximum width of at least one of the side panels.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel can have a maximum width equal to the maximum width of at least one of the side panels.

These embodiments are adopted in relation to the different relative requirements of the various absorbent structures to be made. In fact, it may be that a product needs an absorbent structure with large storage areas, or an absorbent structure having large distribution and conveying areas.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel can have particles of superabsorbent material in a lower concentration than the concentration of superabsorbent material particles in the side panels.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel can have particles of superabsorbent material in higher concentration than the concentration of superabsorbent material particles in the side panels.

These embodiments are also chosen in relation to the type of product to be made, as each allows to locate the storage in some panels compared to others, while optimizing the amount of superabsorbent material used.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the absorbent structure can comprise a first covering layer permeable to liquids placed on a first face of the panels and a second covering layer placed on a second face of the panels opposite the first face. According to possible embodiments, the second covering layer can be permeable to liquids.

According to possible embodiments, at least the second covering layer can have a plurality of holes.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the present invention also relates to an absorbent hygienic article which comprises at least one absorbent structure as in one of the envisaged embodiments and / or combinations thereof.

According to possible embodiments, the present invention also relates to a method for making at least one absorbent structure of an absorbent hygienic article.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the method can comprise at least: - a step for feeding a strip along a feeding path;

- a step of cutting the strip to form panels distinct from each other and provided with respective edges, in which at least one of the edges comprises at least one recess; And

- a step of coupling part of one of the edges of a panel to at least another of the edges of another panel to form a coupled tape from which to obtain one or more absorbent structures having at least one opening defined by the recess between the coupled edges .

The method according to the present invention allows to obtain absorbent structures by coupling distinct panels obtained starting from a tape which can advantageously be supplied continuously.

If the tape is supplied continuously, it is possible to obtain a plurality of absorbent structures by cross-sectioning the panels after the coupling step so as to obtain separate assemblies. According to another possible embodiment, in the event that the tape is supplied continuously, it is possible to obtain a plurality of absorbent structures by cross-sectioning the panels after the cutting step so as to couple them into separate assemblies.

Thanks to the present invention, starting from a web having its own initial width, it is possible to obtain an absorbent structure having a maximum width greater than the initial width of the web without adding material.

According to possible embodiments, the cutting step can provide for cutting the tape along at least one cutting line, obtaining at least two panels from the tape, in which each of the edges of the panels has at least one recess.

This aspect allows to obtain panels having various shapes and already provided with recesses on part of their edges starting from a common tape.

In addition to providing a high range of shapes that can be obtained, thanks to this procedure it is possible to obtain panels without waste of material.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the cutting line can comprise at least a first cutting section and a second cutting section connected to each other by a connecting cutting section.

This last aspect allows for continuous cutting, while simultaneously obtaining recesses in the edges of the cut panels.

According to possible embodiments, the method can provide for mutually coupling coupling portions of the edges, positioning the respective recesses facing each other so that the latter define respective openings, in which each of the coupled edges comprises at least one recess and at least one coupling portion .

According to possible embodiments, the method can provide a positioning step in which at least one panel is out of phase with respect to another panel so as to position the respective coupling portions facing each other.

By displacement we mean that at least one of the panels starting from an initial position side by side with respect to at least another panel is positioned again next to this last panel, but translated longitudinally with respect to the initial position.

According to possible embodiments, the process can comprise a step of integrating the superabsorbent material in which particles of superabsorbent material are integrated in at least one of the panels obtained.

This aspect allows to functionally diversify the panels and consequently the areas of the absorbent structure.

Starting from a tape it is possible to create an absorbent structure with several diversified and specialized areas to perform specific functions. The integration step can advantageously be carried out downstream of the cutting step, that is, after having obtained the panels, so as to cut the belt free of particles of superabsorbent material.

This facilitates cutting and improves the life of the blades that perform the cut, as the latter are not worn by the particles of super-absorbent material.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the process can provide for applying at least a liquid-permeable covering layer on a first face of the panels and a liquid-permeable covering layer placed on a second face of the panels opposite the first face.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the process can provide for applying at least a liquid-permeable covering layer on a first face of the panels and a liquid-impermeable covering layer placed on a second face of the panels opposite the first face.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the present invention also relates to an apparatus for making at least one absorbent structure, said apparatus comprising:

- a feed station configured to feed a web along a feed direction;

- a cutting station configured to cut the strip to obtain panels distinct from each other and provided with respective edges, in which at least one of the edges comprises at least one recess; and - a positioning and coupling station configured to position the panels so as to partially couple an edge of a panel to at least one other edge of another panel to form a coupled belt from which to obtain one or more absorbent structures having at least one opening defined by the recess between the mated edges.

According to possible embodiments, the cutting station can comprise a cutting device provided with a shaped cutting surface to obtain panels of which at least one has at least one recess.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the cutting device can comprise a roller provided on its external surface with one or more shaped blades to perform a specific cutting line on the belt.

According to possible embodiments, the roller can be selectively replaceable with at least one other roller provided on its external surface with one or more differently shaped blades.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the coupling station can comprise an offset device configured to offset at least one panel with respect to another along the direction of advancement of the panels. According to possible embodiments, the displacement device may comprise one or more deviating members designed to increase the path of the panel to be displaced and to position it side by side and displaced with respect to the other panel. In accordance with possible embodiments, the apparatus can comprise an integration station, in which there is at least one supply device capable of supplying particles of superabsorbent material in the desired concentration in at least one of the panels.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the present invention also relates to a computer program of an apparatus for making absorbent structures.

According to possible embodiments, the computer program provides at least to: - operate a feeding station to feed a web along a feeding direction;

- setting a desired cutting pattern to be performed, selecting at least one cutting line to be performed including its position with respect to the belt;

- operating a cutting station in relation to the cutting pattern set to obtain from the belt distinct panels provided with respective edges, in which at least one of the edges comprises at least one recess; And

- operating a positioning and coupling station to position the panels so that an edge of a panel is substantially coupled in part to at least another edge of another panel to form a coupled belt from which to obtain one or more absorbent structures having at least one opening defined by the recess between the paired edges.

Thanks to the computer program it is possible to realize a plurality of different formats of absorbent structures by setting the desired cutting pattern.

Even without modifying or replacing parts of the cutting station, it is possible to create different absorbent structures by setting the number and position of the cutting lines with respect to the belt.

ILLUSTRATION OF DRAWINGS

These and other characteristics of the present invention will become clear from the following description of embodiments, provided by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the attached drawings in which:

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of an absorbent structure according to a possible embodiment of the present invention;

figure 1a is a cross section of figure 1;

Figures 2-5 show four absorbent structures according to possible embodiments of the present invention;

Figures 6 and 7 are two cross sections of two absorbent structures according to possible embodiments of the present invention;

figure 8 is a cross section of a detail of an absorbent structure according to a possible embodiment of the present invention;

Figures 9-14 schematically illustrate an absorbent structure in construction during the steps of a process according to a possible embodiment of the present invention; Figures 15 and 16 schematically illustrate two apparatuses for making absorbent structures according to two possible embodiments of the present invention;

Figures 17 and 18 schematically illustrate two details of two apparatuses for making absorbent structures according to two possible embodiments of the present invention;

Figure 19 illustrates a block diagram of a method for making absorbent structures according to a possible embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 20 schematically illustrates a possible embodiment of an apparatus for making absorbent structures according to the present invention;

Figure 21 schematically illustrates an absorbent structure being formed by means of an apparatus as in Figure 20.

To facilitate understanding, identical reference numbers have been used wherever possible to identify identical common elements in the figures. It should be understood that elements and features of one embodiment can be conveniently incorporated into other embodiments without further specification.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments described here, with reference to the figures, refer to an absorbent structure 10 of an absorbent hygienic article, such as for example a diaper, a diaper-pant, an incontinence diaper, an absorbent, or other articles intended for absorb body fluids.

According to possible embodiments, the absorbent structure 10 comprises at least two panels 11 distinct from each other and each provided with a respective edge 12, 13.

For display purposes only, in the drawings the edges are indicated with the references 12 and 13 to indicate that they belong to two distinct panels 11. According to possible embodiments, the edge 12, 13 of a panel 11 can comprise a connecting portion 12a, 13a placed between the two faces 19, 21 of the panel 11 itself. The connecting portion 12a, 13a can be transversal to the faces 19, 21 of the panel 11.

According to possible embodiments, the edge 12, 13 of a panel can comprise an end portion 12b, 13b for each face 19, 21 of the panel 11 which is close to the connecting portion 12a, 13a. Each panel 11 has at least one end portion 12b, 13b for each of its two faces 19, 21.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, at least one of the edges 12 of a panel 11 can be coupled in part to at least another edge 13 of another panel 11, obtaining an assembly of coupled panels 11.

According to possible embodiments, at least one of the connecting portions 12a of an edge 12 of a panel 11 can be coupled in part to at least another connecting portion 13a of another edge 13 of another panel 11.

According to possible embodiments, at least one of the end portions 12b of a face 19, 21 of a panel 11 can be coupled in part to at least another end portion 13b of a face 19, 21 of another panel 11.

According to possible embodiments, the coupled edges 12 and 13 extend along a longitudinal direction. In accordance with possible embodiments, the longitudinal direction can be parallel to the major axis of one of the coupled panels 11.

According to possible embodiments, the edge 12 can be coupled in contact with the edge 13.

According to possible embodiments, the edge 12 can be coupled to the edge 13 by means of suitable connection means, such as for example glues, or portions of the panels 11 themselves welded together. For example, the edge 12 and the edge 13 can be welded together.

According to possible embodiments, the edges 12 and 13 can be welded together by mechanical welding performed with heated rollers, or by ultrasonic welding performed with even unheated rollers.

According to possible embodiments, the edges 12, 13 of two distinct panels 11 can be placed with the respective connecting portions 12a and 12b at a minimum mutual distance D equal to or less than 5 mm.

According to possible embodiments, the edges 12, 13 of two distinct panels 11 can be placed with the respective connecting portions 12a and 12b at a minimum mutual distance D equal to or less than 3 mm.

The distance D defines a passage slot of the coupling area through which the liquid can pass at least in part.

According to the present invention, at least one of the coupled edges 12 and 13 comprises at least a recess 14 defining an opening 15 between the coupled edge 12 and the edge 13.

The coupling between edges 12 and 13 does not extend for the entire part of them, but partially. For example, the coupling of the edges 12 and 13 is achieved by coupling portions of the edges 12 and 13 and leaving other portions of the edges 12 and 13 not coupled.

According to possible embodiments, the coupling of the edges 12 and 13 is partial since in at least a portion of one of the edges 12 or 13 there is a recess 14 defining an opening 15.

For example, the coupling between the edges 12 and 13 can be achieved by coupling a plurality of their portions between which there are recesses 14. The coupling portions of the edges 12 and 13 can extend in the longitudinal direction.

According to possible embodiments, one or both of the coupled edges 12 and / or 13 can be provided with a plurality of recesses 14 which define respective openings 15.

According to possible embodiments, the coupled edges 12 and 13 and possibly part of the panels 11 placed in proximity to the respective edges 12 and 13 can constitute coupling areas.

Thanks to the presence of these coupling areas it is possible to convey and accumulate, in use, the liquid along predefined directions of the absorbent structure 10, since they act as preferential conveyance and accumulation paths.

The combination of the openings 15 with the coupling areas allows to significantly improve the diffusion of the liquid during the use of the absorbent structure 10.

In this context, the areas of the panels 11 involved in the absorption of liquid are not only those directly affected by the initial acquisition of liquid, but also areas of the panels 11 far away from the so-called target area.

Thanks to the presence of the coupling areas of the edges 12 and 13, it results that the absorbent structure 10 has a high wearability and that, in use, it can assume a "V" shape, a "U" shape, a shape of "W" depending on the number of panels 11 and how they are coupled in the specific absorbent structure 10.

This improves comfort for the user since, especially in the case of a diaper equipped with this absorbent structure 10, the area made moist by the acquisition is spaced from the user's body.

The presence of one or more coupling areas defines corresponding fold lines of the absorbent structure 10 and this is advantageous for the optimization of the spaces in the packaging, since it is possible to compactly package a large number of absorbent hygienic articles provided with at least one this absorbent structure 10, placing them in suitable containers of contained dimensions.

This involves significant reductions in packaging, warehouse and transport costs. According to possible embodiments, the coupling area can extend longitudinally with respect to the absorbent structure 10.

According to possible embodiments, each of the coupled edges 12 and 13 can comprise at least one recess 14 and at least one coupling portion 16.

According to possible embodiments, the coupling portions 16 can be mutually coupled.

According to possible embodiments, the recesses 14 of the edges 12 and 13 define the opening 15 between the coupled edges 12 and 13.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the recesses 14 of the edges 12 and 13 are symmetrical and can face each other to obtain symmetrical openings 15.

According to possible embodiments, the edges 12 and 13 can be in mutual contact. In accordance with possible embodiments, the edges 12 and 13 can be fixed together. For example, the edges 12 and 13 can be fixed by ultrasonic welding, mechanical welding with heated or cold rollers, or the like. In the drawings, the joints, whether they are made with glue, by heat sealing, by ultrasonic welding, their combinations, or other are indicated with reference 42.

According to possible embodiments, at least one of the panels 11 comprises a non-woven fabric in which particles of superabsorbent material 17 are present.

In particular, one or more panels 11 can comprise a fibrous non-woven fabric of a synthetic nature, such as for example a non-woven fabric of the Air Through Bond type. This non-woven fabric is advantageous, softer, and can be managed and / or treated in a shorter time and with less waste of resources than fluff.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the absorbent structure 10 can comprise at least a first panel 111 coupled to at least two side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, a first edge 112 of the first panel 111 can be coupled to an edge 113 of a side panel 211, while a second edge 212 of the first panel 111, opposite the first edge 112, can be coupled to an edge 213 of another side panel 211.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the first panel 111 can have a maximum width L1 smaller than the maximum width L2 of at least one of the side panels 211.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the first panel 111 can have a maximum width L1 greater than the maximum width L2 of at least one of the side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, the maximum width L1 can be less than the maximum width L2 of the side panel 211 having the maximum width between the side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, the maximum width L1 can be greater than the maximum width L2 of the side panel 211 having the maximum width between the side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, the maximum width L1 can be equal to the maximum width L2 of both side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel 111 can have a concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 which is lower than the concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 of at least one of the side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel 111 can have a concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 greater than the concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 of at least one of the side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel 111 can have a concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 which is lower than the concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 of both side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel 111 can have a concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 greater than the concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 of both side panels 211.

According to possible embodiments, the first panel 111 can have a concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 equal to the concentration of particles of superabsorbent material 17 of both side panels 211.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the first panel 111 and the side panels 211 can have concentrations of particles of superabsorbent material 17 which vary along their longitudinal direction.

This allows some areas of the absorbent structure 10 to be functionalized in a targeted manner with respect to others.

According to possible embodiments, the absorbent structure can comprise a first covering layer 18 permeable to liquids placed on a first face 19 of the panels 11 and a second covering layer 20 permeable to liquids placed on a second face 21 of the panels 11 opposite to the first face 19. The covering layers 18, 20 can also be fixed by means of joints 42 to the panels 11.

According to possible embodiments, the second covering layer 20 can be fixed to the first covering layer 18 by folding it to "C" on the latter.

According to other possible embodiments, the first covering layer 18 and the second covering layer 20 are fixed to each other at their respective ends.

The first covering layer 18 permeable to liquids is normally intended to be placed towards the user's body, while the second covering layer 20 can be destined to be placed on a support 22 of an absorbent hygienic article, towards the clothing of the user. user.

According to possible embodiments, the second covering layer 20 can be impermeable to liquids.

In accordance with possible embodiments, at least the second covering layer 20 can have a plurality of holes 23.

These holes 23 are functional to let the liquid pass through the second covering layer 20 allowing the liquid to distribute itself on the second face 21 of the panels 11, involving the latter in the liquid absorption action.

According to possible embodiments, the holes 23 can be arranged in correspondence with the openings 15.

According to possible embodiments, also the first covering layer 18 can have a plurality of holes 23.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the holes 23 can be arranged on the acquisition surface which, in use, faces the user.

According to possible embodiments, the absorbent structure 10 can comprise one or more absorption layers placed on the panels 11 designed to acquire and distribute the liquid. In the sector, these absorption layers are referred to as the “Acquisition Distribution Layer” (ADL). According to possible embodiments, the absorption layer can comprise cellulose acetate, tow fibers, or another material dedicated to the distribution of the liquid in its volume.

According to possible embodiments, these absorption layers can be placed on the first face 19 of the panels 11 and / or on the second face 21 of the panels 21.

According to possible embodiments, one or more absorption layers can be placed one on top of the other to create a multilayer absorbent structure. For example, the multilayer absorbent structure can comprise a first layer consisting of panels 11 coupled together with one or more openings 15, a second ADL absorption layer, and a third layer of non-woven fabric comprising particles of superabsorbent material 17.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the present invention also relates to an absorbent hygienic article which comprises at least one absorbent structure 10 as in one of the embodiments described.

According to possible embodiments, the present invention also relates to a method for making at least one absorbent structure 10 of an absorbent hygienic article.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the method can comprise at least: - a feed step 43 of a tape 24 along a feed path;

- a step 44 of cutting the strip 24 to form panels 11 distinct from each other and provided with respective edges 12, 13, in which at least one of the edges 12, 13 comprises at least one recess 14; and - a coupling step 45 of part of one of the edges 12 of a panel 11 to at least another of the edges 13 of another panel 11 to form a coupled belt 25 from which to obtain one or more absorbent structures 10 having at least one opening 15 defined by the recess 14 between the coupled edges 12 and 13.

According to possible embodiments, the cutting step 44 can provide for cutting the strip 24 along at least one cutting line C by making at least one recess 14 in at least two edges 12 and 13 of two panels 11.

According to possible embodiments, the cutting line C can extend longitudinally with respect to the belt 24.

According to possible embodiments, the cut can be performed during the advancement of the belt 24.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the cutting step 44 can provide for cutting the strip 24 with a plurality of cutting lines C.

For example, the cutting lines C can be parallel to each other.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the cutting line C can comprise at least a first cutting section T1 and a second cutting section T2 connected by means of a connecting cutting section T3.

According to possible embodiments, the first cutting section T1 can be parallel to the second cutting section T2.

This allows to realize recesses 14 and coupling sections 16 that are regular and linear so as to allow a simpler and quicker coupling of the panels 11, obtaining panels 11 coupled in a precise and defined way.

For example, the cutting line C can comprise a plurality of trapezoidal profiles. These trapezoidal profiles form a plurality of respective recesses 14 in the panels 11 being formed. In accordance with possible embodiments, the cutting line C can comprise at least one curvilinear or sinusoidal section.

This embodiment allows to obtain panels 11 suitable for specific applications in which particular shapes are required to improve the wearability of the absorbent structure 10. Furthermore, this last embodiment allows to perform the cut in a simple and rapid way.

According to possible embodiments, the method can provide for mutually coupling coupling portions 16 of the edges 12 and 13, positioning the respective recesses 14 facing each other so that the latter define respective openings 15.

According to possible embodiments, the method can provide a positioning step in which at least one panel 11 is out of phase with respect to another panel 11 so as to position the respective coupling portions 16 facing each other.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the method can provide a positioning step in which at least one panel 11 is transversely spaced with respect to another panel 11.

According to possible embodiments, at least one panel 11 can be out of phase with respect to another panel 11 so as to position the respective coupling portions 16 facing each other.

According to possible embodiments, the method can provide for the positioning of another non-shaped panel 11 between two shaped panels 11, ie having respective recesses 14. In this case, the method can provide for coupling the unshaped panel 11 to the two shaped panels 11 as in any of the embodiments described.

According to possible embodiments, the unshaped panel 11 can be fed from a feeding station 127, for example from a reel.

According to possible embodiments, the coupling step 45 can provide for coupling the edges 12 and 13 in mutual contact. For example, the panels 11 can be glued onto a covering layer 18 or 20 with the respective edges 12 and 13 in mutual contact.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the coupling step 45 can provide for coupling the edges 12 and 13 by fixing them together.

This makes the assembly of panels 11 more structurally stable and allows it to be manipulated more easily.

According to possible embodiments, the process can comprise an integration step in which particles of superabsorbent material 17 are integrated in at least one of the panels 11 obtained.

The integration step can be advantageously carried out downstream of the cutting step 44, that is, after having obtained the panels 11, so as to cut the belt 24 free from particles of superabsorbent material 17.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the method can provide for applying at least a first permeable covering layer 18 on a first face 19 of the panels 11 and a second covering layer 20 placed on a second face 21 of the panels 11 opposite to the first face 19 .

In accordance with possible embodiments, the present invention also relates to an apparatus 26 for realizing at least one absorbent structure 10, said apparatus 26 comprising: - a feeding station 27 for a belt 24 along a feeding direction; - a station 28 for cutting the strip 24 to obtain panels 11 distinct from each other and provided with respective edges 12 and 13, in which at least one of the edges 12, 13 comprises at least one recess 14; And

- a positioning and coupling station 29 configured to position the panels 11 so that an edge 12 of a panel 11 is substantially coupled in part to at least another edge 13 of another panel 11 to form a coupled belt 25 from which to obtain a or more absorbent structures 10 having at least one opening 15 defined by the recess 14 between the coupled edges 12 and 13.

According to possible embodiments, the cutting station 28 can comprise a cutting device 30 provided with a cutting blade 31 shaped to obtain panels 11 of which at least one has at least one recess 14.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the cutting device 30 can comprise a roller 32 provided with one or more cutting blades 31 on its external surface suitable for making a specific cutting line C on the belt 24.

According to possible embodiments, the roller 32 can be selectively replaceable with at least one other roller provided on its external surface with one or more differently shaped cutting blades 31.

According to possible embodiments, the cutting station 28 can comprise a rotatable wheel 47 and on which a plurality of rollers 32 are installed, each having an external surface provided with one or more cutting blades 31.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the apparatus 26 can comprise a control and command unit 48 configured to manage the operation of the components of the apparatus 26 in relation to the instructions 49 given to it by an operator, for example by means of an auxiliary device such as a user interface.

For example, the control and command unit 48 can be configured to select the roller 32 with a specific external surface provided with cutting blades 31 of the wheel 47 in relation to a command signal sent to the latter.

In this case, the specific roller 32 is positioned in the position of use, ie in opposition to the counter knife 33, by means of the rotation of the wheel 47.

According to possible embodiments, the cutting device 30 may comprise a counter-knife 33 functionally associated with the roller 32 to provide a suitable contrast for the execution of the cut.

According to possible embodiments, the cutting station 28 can comprise a laser device 46 configured to cut the web 24 by means of at least one laser beam 50.

According to possible embodiments, the laser device 46 can be controlled by the control and command unit 48 in relation to the specific cutting line C to be performed.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the positioning and coupling station 29 can comprise an offset device 34 configured to offset at least one panel 11 with respect to another panel 11 along the direction of advancement of the panels 11 themselves.

According to possible embodiments, the phase shift device 34 can comprise one or more deviating members 35 designed to increase the path of the panel 11 to be out of phase and to position it side by side and out of phase with respect to the other panel 11.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the apparatus 26 may comprise an integration station 36, in which there is at least one supply device 37 suitable for supplying particles of superabsorbent material 17 in the desired concentration in at least one of the panels 11. According to possible forms embodiments, the supply device 37 comprises a forming hopper 38 adapted to distribute particles of superabsorbent material 17 in the panel or panels 11.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the integration station 36 can comprise at least one toothed roller 39 placed upstream of the formation hopper 38 and able to lift part of the material that makes up the panels 11, so as to favor the integration of particles of material superabsorbent 17 inside.

According to possible embodiments, the integration station 36 can also comprise a toothed roller 39 located downstream of the forming hopper 38 which allows to integrate the particles of superabsorbent material 17 in the panels 11 in depth.

According to possible embodiments, the integration station 36 can be placed directly downstream of the cutting station 28.

According to possible embodiments, the integration station 36 can be placed directly downstream of the positioning and coupling station 29.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the apparatus 26 may include further stations to perform further operations on the absorbent structure 10 and apply the latter on an absorbent hygienic article.

For example, the apparatus 26 can comprise a covering station 40 in which a covering layer 18 and / or 20 is applied to the panels 11, or it can comprise a welding station 41 in which the panels 11 and / or panels are fixed together. or the covering layers 18 and 20. For example, the welding station 41 can comprise an ultrasonic device for welding the panels 11 together, a heat-sealing device, or a pressing device for joining together the panels 11 on which it is glue was applied.

In accordance with possible embodiments, the present invention also relates to a computer program of an apparatus 26 for making absorbent structures 10.

According to possible embodiments, the computer program provides at least to: - operate a feeding station 27 to feed a belt 24 along a feeding direction;

- setting a desired cutting pattern to be performed, selecting at least one cutting line C to be performed including its position with respect to the belt 24;

- activating a cutting station 28 in relation to the cutting pattern set to obtain from the web 24 panels 11 which are distinct from each other and provided with respective edges 12, 13, in which at least one of the edges 12, 13 comprises at least one recess 14; And

- operating a positioning and coupling station 29 to position the panels 11 so that an edge 12 of a panel 11 is substantially coplanar to at least one other edge 13 of another panel 11 and to couple the latter to form a coupled belt 25 to be which to obtain one or more absorbent structures 10 having at least one opening 15 defined by the recess 14 between the coupled edges 12 and 13.

It is clear that modifications and / or additions of parts can be made to the absorbent structure 10, to the sanitary absorbent article comprising this absorbent structure 10, to the process, to the apparatus 26 and to the computer program of this apparatus 26 described up to now, without modifications and / or additions of parts. for this reason it is beyond the scope of the present invention.

It is also clear that, although the present invention has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person skilled in the art will certainly be able to realize many other equivalent forms of the absorbent structure 10, of the process, of the apparatus 26 and of the computer program. of this apparatus 26 having the characteristics expressed in the claims and therefore all falling within the scope of protection defined by them.

In the following claims, the references in brackets are for the sole purpose of facilitating reading and should not be considered as limiting factors as regards the scope of protection underlying the specific claims.

Claims (10)

CLAIMS 1. Process for making at least one absorbent structure (10) of an absorbent hygienic article, characterized in that it comprises at least: - a feeding step (43) of a tape (24) along a feeding path; - a step of cutting (44) of said strip (24) to form panels (11) distinct from each other and provided with respective edges (12, 13), in which at least one of said edges (12, 13) comprises at least one recess (14); And - a coupling step (45) of part of one of said edges (12) of one of said panels (11) to at least another of said edges (13) of another of said panels (11) to form a coupled belt (25) from which to obtain one or more of said absorbent structures (10) having at least one opening (15) defined by said recess (14) between said coupled edges (12, 13). 2. Process as in claim 1, characterized in that said cutting step (44) provides for cutting said tape (24) along at least one cutting line (C) obtaining from said tape (24) at least two of said panels (11 ), in which each of said edges (12, 13) has at least one said recess (14). 3. Process as in claim 2, characterized in that said cutting line (C) comprises at least a first cutting section (T1) and a second cutting section (T2) connected to each other by a connecting cutting section (T3 ). 4. Process as in claim 3, characterized in that said first cutting section (T1) is parallel to said second cutting section (T2). 5. Process as in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coupling step (45) provides for mutually coupling coupling portions (16) of said edges (12, 13), positioning the respective grooves (14) facing each other. them so that the latter define respective openings (15), in which each of said coupled edges (12, 13) comprises at least one recess (14) and at least one coupling portion (16). 6. Process as in claim 5, characterized in that it provides a positioning step in which at least one of said panels (11) is out of phase with respect to another of said panels (11) so as to position the respective coupling sections (16 ) facing each other. 7. Process as in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coupling step (45) provides for coupling said edges (12, 13) in mutual contact. 8. Process as in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coupling step (45) provides for coupling said edges (12, 13) fixing them together. 9. Process as in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it provides an integration step in which particles of superabsorbent material (17) are integrated in at least one of said panels (11). 10. Apparatus for making at least one absorbent structure (10) of an absorbent hygienic article, said apparatus comprising: - a feeding station (27) configured to feed a web (24) along a feeding direction; - a cutting station (28) configured to cut said strip (24) to obtain panels (11) distinct from each other and provided with respective edges (12, 13), in which at least one of said edges (12, 13) comprises at least a recess (14); And - a positioning and coupling station (29) configured to position said panels (11) so as to partially couple said edge (12) of one panel (11) to at least another of said edges (13) of another of said panels (11) to form a coupled tape (25) from which to obtain one or more of said absorbent structures (10) having at least one opening (15) defined by said recess (14) between said edges (12, 13) coupled.