IT201800003069U1 - Dual energy core - Google Patents
Dual energy core Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- IT201800003069U1 IT201800003069U1 IT202018000003069U IT201800003069U IT201800003069U1 IT 201800003069 U1 IT201800003069 U1 IT 201800003069U1 IT 202018000003069 U IT202018000003069 U IT 202018000003069U IT 201800003069 U IT201800003069 U IT 201800003069U IT 201800003069 U1 IT201800003069 U1 IT 201800003069U1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- dual energy
- energy core
- natural gas
- core system
- energy
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
- H01M8/2495—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies of fuel cells of different types
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
- H01M2250/405—Cogeneration of heat or hot water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Description
TITOLO: “DUAL ENERGY CORE”
DESCRIZIONE
I processi di trasformazione energetica, miranti ad ottenere forme di energia idonee ad alimentare apparati operativi, vengono valutati in termini di maggiore o minore efficienza in funzione del loro “rendimento”. Il rendimento è la percentuale di energia che si ottiene nella forma desiderata rispetto all’energia potenzialmente disponibile prima della trasformazione.
Per fare un esempio che sarà utile anche nel prosieguo della descrizione, diciamo che una centrale endotermica che produce energia elettrica utilizzano gas naturale ha un rendimento medio compreso tra il 25% ed il 33% (con altre tecnologie si raggiunge il 40%). Significa che dell’energia contenuta nel gas naturale solo il 25-33% diventa energia elettrica, il resto viene perso sotto forma di energia termica. Diversamente, se fossimo interessati ad ottenere sia energia elettrica che energia termica, il rendimento si avvicinerebbe al 85-90% (una quota dell’energia potenzialmente disponibile resta comunque non utilizzabile dopo la trasformazione).
I processi che consentono di produrre ed utilizzare sia la componente termica che quella elettrica in una trasformazione energetica sono detti di “cogenerazione”: in sigla “chp” – Combined Heat and Power.
I sistemi di cogenerazione elettrochimica da gas naturale maggiormente diffusi per potenze comprese tra 1 Kw e 5 Kw (cosiddetta micro-cogenerazione - microchp) utilizzano apparati di “trasformazione energetica” basati sulle tecnologie PEM (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell) e SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell). Il funzionamento, che qui interessa solo dal punto di vista descrittivo-concettuale, si basa sulla rottura (cracking) della molecola del gas naturale (CH4) che consente di ottenere l’idrogeno e, successivamente, l’energia elettrica combinando l’idrogeno con l’ossigeno in una cella a combustibile (Fuel Cell). Tutto il processo è esotermico ed il calore generato viene accumulato riscaldando un liquido (solitamente acqua) per successivi usi.
Gli apparati attualmente in produzione utilizzano alternativamente le tecnologie PEM ovvero SOFC in funzione delle specifiche esigenze applicative:
1) PEM, quando occorre produrre energia in maniera incostante alternando accensioni e spegnimenti dell’apparato. La cella “PEM” lavora alla temperatura vicina ad 80° centigradi ed essendo di natura polimerica non risente delle fasi di accensione e spegnimento raggiungendo in pochi secondi la condizione di funzionamento a regime. Ha una efficienza elettrica vicina al 30% mentre l’efficienza termica raggiunge il 60%;
2) SOFC, quando occorre produrre energia in maniera costante, riducendo al massimo le fasi di accensione e spegnimento dell’apparato. La cella “SOFC” lavora a temperature vicine a 500° centigradi e subirebbe microfratture della ceramica se sottoposta a frequenti spegnimenti e riavvii. Ha una efficienza elettrica del 55% e termica vicina al 40%.
Il brevetto di modo d’uso che ci occupa qui, consiste nell’utilizzo congiunto delle due tecnologie, perciò nel titolo viene utilizzato il termine “DUAL CORE”, così da assicurare il massimo dell’efficienza elettrica per la componente di utilizzo “costante” attraverso il CORE SOFC ed, al tempo stesso, sopperire alle richieste energetiche di “picco” con l’attivazione del CORE PEM.
Gli apparati costituenti DUAL ENERGY CORE sono ampiamente diffusi ed utilizzati per le loro funzioni specifiche mentre il loro utilizzo congiunto ed integrato per la produzione di energia in apparati di potenza ridotta (micro-chp) costituisce l’assoluta novità di “DUAL ENERGY CORE”
Claims (1)
- TITOLO: “DUAL ENERGY CORE” RIVENDICAZIONI: 1) Si rivendica l’uso integrato degli apparati costituenti il sistema DUAL ENERGY CORE (apparati per il cracking del gas naturale, celle a combustibile “PEM”, celle a combustibile SOFC, elettronica di controllo e di potenza) per sistemi di micro-cogenerazione; 2) Si rivendica l’uso del sistema DUAL ENERGY CORE per raggiungere l’efficienza di trasformazione energetica superiore al 90% ottenendo un risparmio dei consumi ed un vantaggio per l’ambiente e la salute dei cittadini; 3) Si rivendica l’uso del sistema DUAL ENERGY CORE per ridurre le emissioni di ossidi di azoto, ossidi di zolfo, anidride carbonica ed ossido di carbonio derivanti dalla produzione di energia elettrica centralizzata ed energia termica per uso domestico attraverso la combustione del gas naturale; 4) Si rivendica l’uso del sistema DUAL ENERGY CORE per abbattere a valori prossimi allo zero le emissioni di polveri sottili (PM10) generate dalla combustione del gas naturale (metano) di origine fossile.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT202018000003069U IT201800003069U1 (it) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Dual energy core |
| PCT/IT2019/050172 WO2020021583A1 (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2019-07-22 | Dual energy core |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT202018000003069U IT201800003069U1 (it) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Dual energy core |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IT201800003069U1 true IT201800003069U1 (it) | 2020-01-23 |
Family
ID=67902566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT202018000003069U IT201800003069U1 (it) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Dual energy core |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| IT (1) | IT201800003069U1 (it) |
| WO (1) | WO2020021583A1 (it) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1468461A2 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2004-10-20 | Questair Technologies, Inc. | High temperature fuel cell power plant |
| US20060228593A1 (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-12 | Grieve Malcolm J | PEM-SOFC hybrid power generation systems |
| US20150162625A1 (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-11 | Elwha Llc | Multi-responsive fuel cell system |
| US20180159154A1 (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2018-06-07 | Kyocera Corporation | Power generation apparatus, power generation system, and control method for power generation system |
-
2018
- 2018-07-23 IT IT202018000003069U patent/IT201800003069U1/it unknown
-
2019
- 2019-07-22 WO PCT/IT2019/050172 patent/WO2020021583A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020021583A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
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