IT201700006608A1 - INSULATED SCREW PLASTICIZATION GROUP - Google Patents
INSULATED SCREW PLASTICIZATION GROUPInfo
- Publication number
- IT201700006608A1 IT201700006608A1 IT102017000006608A IT201700006608A IT201700006608A1 IT 201700006608 A1 IT201700006608 A1 IT 201700006608A1 IT 102017000006608 A IT102017000006608 A IT 102017000006608A IT 201700006608 A IT201700006608 A IT 201700006608A IT 201700006608 A1 IT201700006608 A1 IT 201700006608A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- temperature
- unit according
- plasticizing
- point
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
- B29C45/74—Heating or cooling of the injection unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C45/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating of temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/45—Axially movable screws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
- B29C48/832—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/875—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling for achieving a non-uniform temperature distribution, e.g. using barrels having both cooling and heating zones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76003—Measured parameter
- B29C2945/7604—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76177—Location of measurement
- B29C2945/7618—Injection unit
- B29C2945/7619—Injection unit barrel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76177—Location of measurement
- B29C2945/76287—Moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76344—Phase or stage of measurement
- B29C2945/76434—Parameter setting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76494—Controlled parameter
- B29C2945/76531—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76655—Location of control
- B29C2945/76658—Injection unit
- B29C2945/76668—Injection unit barrel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76822—Phase or stage of control
- B29C2945/76913—Parameter setting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76929—Controlling method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76929—Controlling method
- B29C2945/76989—Extrapolating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92019—Pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92209—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
- B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/9238—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/924—Barrel or housing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
- B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92409—Die; Nozzle zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92542—Energy, power, electric current or voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92704—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
- B29C48/2562—Mounting or handling of the die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
- B29C48/2565—Barrel parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
- B29C48/66—Barrier threads, i.e. comprising primary and secondary threads whereby the secondary thread provides clearance to the barrel for material movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
- B29C48/6801—Barrels or cylinders characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Description
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
Forma oggetto della presente invenzione un gruppo di plastificazione a vite munito di un sistema di coibentazione. The subject of the present invention is a screw plasticizing assembly equipped with an insulation system.
Un gruppo di plastificazione a vite è solitamente costituito da un cilindro, da una vite ruotabile all’interno del cilindro, da mezzi di riscaldamento, tipicamente resistenze elettriche distribuite lungo il cilindro, e da sensori per la rilevazione della temperatura del cilindro. I mezzi di riscaldamento sono attivati in modo che all’interno del cilindro si produca la materia plastica fusa, che, per azione della vite, viene poi erogata fuori dal cilindro, verso una macchina per lo stampaggio ad iniezione (pressa) o verso una macchina di estrusione. A screw plasticizing group usually consists of a cylinder, a screw that can be rotated inside the cylinder, heating means, typically electrical resistances distributed along the cylinder, and sensors for measuring the cylinder temperature. The heating means are activated so that the molten plastic material is produced inside the cylinder, which, by the action of the screw, is then delivered out of the cylinder, towards an injection molding machine (press) or towards a machine of extrusion.
Le resistenze sono alimentate in modo che nella relativa sezione del cilindro si raggiunga un predeterminato valore di temperatura (temperatura di set-point), così da fornire la massa plastica fusa nelle condizioni di temperatura ottimali per le successive lavorazioni. The resistances are fed in such a way that a predetermined temperature value (set-point temperature) is reached in the relative section of the cylinder, so as to provide the molten plastic mass in the optimal temperature conditions for subsequent processing.
Siffatti gruppi di plastificazione presentano l’inconveniente di impiegare notevoli quantità di energia elettrica per il riscaldamento delle resistenze. Such plasticizing groups have the drawback of using large amounts of electricity to heat the resistances.
Scopo della presente invenzione è quello di realizzare un gruppo di plastificazione munito di un sistema di coibentazione in grado di superare tali inconvenienti. Tale scopo è raggiunto da un gruppo di plastificazione in accordo con la rivendicazione 1. Le rivendicazioni dipendenti individuano ulteriori forme di realizzazione dell’invenzione. The object of the present invention is to provide a plasticizing unit equipped with an insulation system capable of overcoming these drawbacks. This object is achieved by a plasticizing unit in accordance with claim 1. The dependent claims identify further embodiments of the invention.
Le caratteristiche ed i vantaggi del gruppo di plastificazione secondo la presente invenzione saranno evidenti dalla descrizione di seguito riportata, data a titolo esemplificativo e non limitativo, in accordo con le tavole allegate, in cui: The characteristics and advantages of the plasticizing unit according to the present invention will be evident from the description given below, given by way of non-limiting example, in accordance with the attached tables, in which:
- la figura 1 mostra una vista schematica di un gruppo di plastificazione secondo la presente invenzione, in accordo con una forma di realizzazione; Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a plasticizing assembly according to the present invention, according to an embodiment;
- la figura 2 rappresenta un grafico che evidenzia un esempio di interpolazione di valori di temperature set-point cilindro e temperature rilevate. - figure 2 represents a graph showing an example of interpolation of cylinder set-point temperature values and detected temperatures.
In accordo con le tavole allegate, un gruppo di plastificazione 1 è adatto alla trasformazione di una materia plastica allo stato solido, solitamente in granuli, in una massa plastica fusa e all’erogazione di questa verso una macchina, tipicamente una macchina di iniezione (pressa) o una macchina di estrusione. In accordance with the attached tables, a plasticizing unit 1 is suitable for transforming a plastic material in a solid state, usually in granules, into a molten plastic mass and for its delivery to a machine, typically an injection machine (press ) or an extrusion machine.
Il gruppo di plastificazione 1 comprende un cilindro 2 avente estensione lungo un asse principale Z, fra una zona posteriore 4 ed una zona anteriore 6. The plasticizing unit 1 comprises a cylinder 2 having extension along a main axis Z, between a rear area 4 and a front area 6.
Il cilindro 2 è costituito da una parete laterale 2a anulare avente una predefinita dimensione radiale, che ne definisce lo spessore. The cylinder 2 consists of an annular side wall 2a having a predetermined radial dimension, which defines its thickness.
La zona posteriore 4 presenta un’apertura di ingresso 8 per l’introduzione della materia plastica solida, a temperatura ambiente o preriscaldata, solitamente in forma di granuli, tramite una tramoggia di carico 10. Nella zona anteriore 6, invece, il cilindro 2 presenta un’apertura frontale 12. The rear area 4 has an inlet opening 8 for the introduction of the solid plastic material, at room temperature or preheated, usually in the form of granules, through a loading hopper 10. In the front area 6, however, the cylinder 2 has a front opening 12.
Secondo una forma di realizzazione (non rappresentata), la parete laterale 2a del cilindro 2 presenta uno spessore variabile, preferibilmente crescente dalla zona posteriore 4 verso la zona anteriore 6. According to an embodiment (not shown), the side wall 2a of the cylinder 2 has a variable thickness, preferably increasing from the rear area 4 towards the front area 6.
Ad esempio, lo spessore è crescente rimanendo costante a tratti lungo il cilindro, oppure crescente con continuità. For example, the thickness is increasing while remaining constant at intervals along the cylinder, or increasing continuously.
Il gruppo di plastificazione comprende inoltre una testa 14 applicata all’apertura frontale 12 del cilindro 2 e, preferibilmente, un ugello 15, applicato frontalmente alla testa 14, per l’impegno con la macchina di lavorazione. The plasticizing unit also includes a head 14 applied to the front opening 12 of the cylinder 2 and, preferably, a nozzle 15, applied frontally to the head 14, for engagement with the processing machine.
La testa 14 è smontabile dal cilindro 6 e l’ugello 15 è smontabile dalla testa 14, in modo da essere sostituiti secondo le esigenze dettate dalla macchina di lavorazione. The head 14 can be disassembled from the cylinder 6 and the nozzle 15 can be disassembled from the head 14, so as to be replaced according to the needs dictated by the processing machine.
Il gruppo di plastificazione 1 comprende inoltre una vite di estrusione 20, inserita all’interno del cilindro 2 e disposta lungo detto asse principale Z. La vite 20 è provvista di un filetto a singolo principio o a più principi (denominata “vite a barriera”). Tali caratteristiche costruttive hanno lo scopo di migliorare il processo di fusione della materia plastica. The plasticising unit 1 also comprises an extrusion screw 20, inserted inside the cylinder 2 and arranged along said main axis Z. The screw 20 is provided with a single-start or multi-start thread (called "barrier screw") . These constructive characteristics have the purpose of improving the melting process of the plastic material.
La vite 20 presenta, in corrispondenza della zona posteriore 4 del cilindro 2, un tratto di collegamento 24 per il collegamento operativo con mezzi di movimentazione (non rappresentati) che ne consentono la rotazione attorno all’asse principale Z. The screw 20 has, in correspondence with the rear area 4 of the cylinder 2, a connection section 24 for the operational connection with handling means (not shown) which allow it to rotate around the main axis Z.
Secondo una forma di realizzazione, detti mezzi di movimentazione consentono anche la traslazione della vite 20 avanti e indietro lungo detto asse principale Z. According to an embodiment, said movement means also allow the translation of the screw 20 back and forth along said main axis Z.
In particolare, nell’applicazione del gruppo di plastificazione 1 ad una machina di iniezione, durante il normale funzionamento la vite 20 è inizialmente disposta in una posizione limite avanzata e i mezzi di movimentazione mantengono una rotazione mentre viene alimentato il materiale plastico solido attraverso l’apertura di ingresso 8 della zona posteriore 4. In particular, in the application of the plasticizing unit 1 to an injection machine, during normal operation the screw 20 is initially arranged in an advanced limit position and the handling means maintain a rotation while the solid plastic material is fed through the opening. 8 of the rear area 4.
A mano a mano che il materiale plastico avanza lungo l’asse principale Z verso la zona anteriore 6, sospinto dal filetto 22 della vite 20, subisce un riscaldamento e passa allo stato di massa platica fusa. As the plastic material advances along the main axis Z towards the front area 6, pushed by the thread 22 of the screw 20, it undergoes heating and passes to the state of molten plastic mass.
Contemporaneamente, i mezzi di movimentazione provvedono a far arretrare la vite, in modo che la massa plastica fusa si accumuli nella zona anteriore 6 del cilindro 2, in prossimità dell’apertura frontale 12 di questo. At the same time, the handling means move the screw back, so that the molten plastic mass accumulates in the front area 6 of the cylinder 2, near the front opening 12 of this.
Quando la massa plastica fusa raggiunge un predeterminato volume, corrispondente ad un predeterminato arretramento della vite 20 fino ad una posizione limite arretrata, i mezzi di movimentazione provvedono a far avanzare repentinamente la vite 20 verso la posizione limite avanzata, in modo che la massa plastica fusa sia spinta fuori attraverso l’apertura frontale 12. When the molten plastic mass reaches a predetermined volume, corresponding to a predetermined retraction of the screw 20 to a retracted limit position, the handling means rapidly advance the screw 20 towards the advanced limit position, so that the molten plastic mass is pushed out through the front opening 12.
Nell’applicazione del gruppo di plastificazione 1 ad una macchina di estrusione, i mezzi di movimentazione consentono unicamente la rotazione della vite 20 e la massa plastica fusa viene erogata all’esterno con continuità, sospinta dal filetto della vite. In the application of the plasticizing unit 1 to an extrusion machine, the handling means allow only the rotation of the screw 20 and the molten plastic mass is delivered continuously externally, pushed by the thread of the screw.
In ogni caso, la massa plastica fusa attraversa la testa 14 e l’ugello 15 del gruppo di plastificazione 1 per essere erogata verso la macchina. In any case, the molten plastic mass passes through the head 14 and the nozzle 15 of the plasticizing unit 1 to be delivered to the machine.
Per provvedere al riscaldamento del materiale plastico, il gruppo di plastificazione 1 comprende mezzi di riscaldamento 30 comprendenti una pluralità di resistenze elettriche distribuite assialmente lungo il cilindro 2. To provide for the heating of the plastic material, the plasticizing unit 1 comprises heating means 30 comprising a plurality of electrical resistances distributed axially along the cylinder 2.
Ad esempio, dette resistenze sono disposte sulla superficie esterna della parete laterale 2a del cilindro 2 oppure inserite in detta parete laterale. Inoltre, il gruppo di plastificazione 1 comprende un sistema di gestione gruppo 40 comprendente una pluralità di sensori temperatura cilindro 42i distribuiti assialmente lungo il cilindro 2. For example, said resistors are arranged on the external surface of the side wall 2a of the cylinder 2 or inserted in said side wall. Furthermore, the plasticizing unit 1 comprises a unit management system 40 comprising a plurality of cylinder temperature sensors 42i axially distributed along the cylinder 2.
Ad esempio, ciascun sensore temperatura cilindro 42i (i=1…n) è inserito nella parete laterale 2a del cilindro 2. For example, each cylinder temperature sensor 42i (i = 1… n) is inserted in the side wall 2a of cylinder 2.
Ad esempio, per chiarezza di esposizione, si ammette che il cilindro 2 sia suddiviso assialmente in sezioni Si (i=1…n) immaginarie, in cui la prima sezione S1 è prossima alla zona anteriore 6 e l’ultima sezione Sn è prossima alla zona posteriore 4. For example, for the sake of clarity, it is assumed that cylinder 2 is axially divided into imaginary sections Si (i = 1 ... n), in which the first section S1 is close to the anterior zone 6 and the last section Sn is close to the rear area 4.
In tale esempio, per ogni sezione Si opera la resistenza Ri (i=1…n) e la temperatura cilindro Ti è rilevata dal sensore temperatura cilindro 42i. Inoltre, per ogni sezione Si del cilindro, si desidera raggiungere la temperatura set-point cilindro T<*>i. In this example, the resistance Ri (i = 1… n) operates for each section and the cylinder temperature Ti is detected by the cylinder temperature sensor 42i. Furthermore, for each section Si of the cylinder, it is desired to reach the cylinder set-point temperature T <*> i.
Inoltre, preferibilmente, il sistema di gestione gruppo 40 comprende almeno un sensore temperatura massa fusa 44 applicato alla testa 14 oppure, secondo una ulteriore forma di realizzazione (non rappresentata), all’ugello 15. Furthermore, preferably, the group management system 40 comprises at least one melt temperature sensor 44 applied to the head 14 or, according to a further embodiment (not shown), to the nozzle 15.
Ad esempio, detto sensore temperatura massa fusa 44 attraversa la parete laterale della testa 14 e affiora nel condotto centrale da cui passa la massa plastica fusa in uscita, in modo da misurare direttamente la temperatura massa fusa Tmf della massa plastica fusa. Per la massa plastica fusa in uscita, si desidera ottenere una temperatura set-point massa fusa T<*>mf. For example, said melt temperature sensor 44 passes through the side wall of the head 14 and emerges in the central duct from which the outgoing molten plastic mass passes, so as to directly measure the melt temperature Tmf of the melted plastic mass. For the outgoing melt, a melt set point temperature T <*> mf is desired.
Il diagramma della figura 2 riporta un esempio di temperature cilindro Ti rilevate e temperature setpoint cilindro T<*>i. The diagram in Figure 2 shows an example of the detected cylinder temperatures Ti and cylinder setpoint temperatures T <*> i.
Preferibilmente, il sistema di gestione gruppo 40 comprende inoltre un dispositivo elettronico di elaborazione 50, ad esempio una centralina elettronica, un PLC o un microprocessore. Preferably, the group management system 40 further comprises an electronic processing device 50, for example an electronic control unit, a PLC or a microprocessor.
Detto dispositivo di elaborazione 50 comprende un dispositivo di elaborazione temperatura 52, operativamente collegato con il sensore temperatura massa fusa 44, preferibilmente con i sensori di temperatura cilindro 42i, e, direttamente o indirettamente, con i mezzi di riscaldamento (resistenze elettriche Ri) del gruppo di plastificazione 1. Said processing device 50 comprises a temperature processing device 52, operatively connected with the melt temperature sensor 44, preferably with the cylinder temperature sensors 42i, and, directly or indirectly, with the heating means (electrical resistances Ri) of the group lamination 1.
Il dispositivo di elaborazione temperatura 52 è configurato, ad esempio programmato tramite un software, per elaborare il segnale proveniente dai sensori temperatura cilindro 42i e dal sensore temperatura massa fusa 44 e comandare adeguatamente i mezzi di riscaldamento, secondo una logica di controllo, in modo che la temperatura massa fusa Tmf sia pari alla temperatura set-point massa fusa T<*>mf o contenuta in un predefinito intorno di questa. The temperature processing device 52 is configured, for example programmed by means of software, to process the signal coming from the cylinder temperature sensors 42i and from the molten mass temperature sensor 44 and adequately command the heating means, according to a control logic, so that the melt temperature Tmf is equal to the melt temperature set-point T <*> mf or contained in a predefined environment around it.
Ad esempio, secondo una logica di controllo, i valori di temperatura set-point cilindro T<*>i sono interpolati tramite una predefinita funzione di interpolazione F. Ad esempio, la funzione di interpolazione F è un polinomio di grado n+1. For example, according to a control logic, the cylinder set-point temperature values T <*> i are interpolated by means of a predefined interpolation function F. For example, the interpolation function F is a polynomial of degree n + 1.
Il valore della temperatura massa fusa Tmf rilevata viene retroazionato e sottratto al valore di temperatura set-point massa fusa T<*>mf desiderato e i valori di temperatura cilindro Ti rilevati vengono retroazionati e sottratti ai rispettivi valori di temperatura set-point cilindro T<*>i. The detected melt temperature value Tmf is fed back and subtracted from the desired melt temperature set-point T <*> mf and the cylinder temperature values Ti detected are fed back and subtracted from the respective cylinder set-point temperature values T <* > i.
Le differenze T<*>mf-Tmf e T<*>i-Ti sono elaborate da un dispositivo regolatore 52’ del dispositivo di elaborazione temperatura 52, ad esempio un dispositivo regolatore tipo PID (proporzionale, integrale, derivativo), che sposta verso l'alto o verso il basso in modo controllato la curva F, così che, per ogni sezione Si del cilindro 2, vengono calcolati nuovi valori set-point per le temperature set-point cilindro e attivati conseguentemente i mezzi di riscaldamento, ossia le rispettive resistenze Ri. The differences T <*> mf-Tmf and T <*> i-Ti are processed by a regulator device 52 'of the temperature processing device 52, for example a regulator device type PID (proportional, integral, derivative), which moves towards curve F up or down in a controlled manner, so that, for each section Si of cylinder 2, new set-point values are calculated for the cylinder set-point temperatures and consequently the heating means, i.e. the respective resistors Ri.
La procedura viene reiterata fino ad azzerare la differenza temperatura massa fusa T<*>mf-Tmf o fino ad ottenere una differenza minore di un valore predefinito. The procedure is repeated until the melt temperature difference T <*> mf-Tmf is zeroed or until a difference less than a predefined value is obtained.
Secondo una ulteriore logica di controllo, inoltre, la funzione F viene modificata nel tempo, ad esempio quando i fattori che influenzano il processo intervengono solo puntualmente, portando oltre l’intorno stabilito solo una o solo alcune delle temperature cilindro Ti rilevate. Furthermore, according to a further control logic, function F is modified over time, for example when the factors that influence the process intervene only punctually, bringing only one or only some of the cylinder temperatures Ti detected beyond the established environment.
In tal caso, la logica di controllo, tramite il dispositivo regolatore 52’, varia la forma della funzione, impostando una nuova funzione F1. In this case, the control logic, through the regulator device 52 ', varies the form of the function, setting a new F1 function.
Il gruppo di plastificazione 1 secondo l’invenzione è solitamente inserito in un apparato (non rappresentato), di cui fa parte una macchina di iniezione o una macchina di estrusione. The plasticizing unit 1 according to the invention is usually inserted in an apparatus (not shown), which includes an injection machine or an extrusion machine.
La macchina è munita di un sistema di gestione macchina 60 e, secondo una forma di realizzazione dell’invenzione, il sistema di gestione gruppo 40 è indirettamente collegato ai mezzi di riscaldamento (resistenze Ri) tramite il sistema di gestione macchina 60. The machine is equipped with a machine management system 60 and, according to an embodiment of the invention, the group management system 40 is indirectly connected to the heating means (resistances Ri) through the machine management system 60.
Secondo l’invenzione, il gruppo di plastificazione 1 comprende mezzi di coibentazione 100 applicati al cilindro 2 per limitare la dispersione termica. According to the invention, the plasticization unit 1 comprises insulation means 100 applied to the cylinder 2 to limit heat dispersion.
Detti mezzi di coibentazione comprendono una copertura 102 anulare, assialmente continua o divisa in porzioni, disposta attorno alla parete laterale 2a del cilindro 2 (e attorno ai mezzi di riscaldamento). Said insulating means comprise an annular cover 102, axially continuous or divided into portions, arranged around the side wall 2a of the cylinder 2 (and around the heating means).
Detta copertura 102 comprende ad esempio una pluralità di elementi di isolamento, applicabili al cilindro, in modo da avvolgere le resistenze, ad esempio tramite una cinghia, ad esempio con chiusura a velcro, o tramite agganci a molla. Said cover 102 comprises for example a plurality of insulating elements, applicable to the cylinder, so as to wrap the resistances, for example by means of a belt, for example with Velcro closure, or by means of spring hooks.
Secondo una forma di realizzazione preferita, detti elementi di isolamento comprendono un’anima in tessuto impregnata con un polimero, preferibilmente un fluoropolimero sintetico, ad esempio Teflon®, ed una camicia di coibentazione, ad esempio realizzata in fibre ceramiche. According to a preferred embodiment, said insulation elements comprise a fabric core impregnated with a polymer, preferably a synthetic fluoropolymer, for example Teflon®, and an insulation jacket, for example made of ceramic fibers.
Secondo una ulteriore forma di realizzazione, il sistema di gestione gruppo 40 comprende un sensore di pressione 70 operativamente collegato ad un dispositivo di elaborazione pressione 54 del dispositivo di elaborazione 50, direttamente o indirettamente collegato con i mezzi di movimentazione della vite per comandarli. According to a further embodiment, the group management system 40 comprises a pressure sensor 70 operatively connected to a pressure processing device 54 of the processing device 50, directly or indirectly connected to the means for moving the screw to control them.
In particolare, detta forma di realizzazione trova applicazione nel caso in cui il gruppo di plastificazione è applicato ad una macchina di iniezione e i mezzi di movimentazione sono pertanto adatti a far traslare la vite lungo l’asse principale Z. In particular, said embodiment finds application in the case in which the plasticizing unit is applied to an injection machine and the handling means are therefore suitable for translating the screw along the main axis Z.
Nel normale funzionamento, la traslazione di avanzamento della vite dalla posizione limite arretrata verso la posizione limite avanzata avviene in due fasi: In normal operation, the advancement translation of the screw from the retracted limit position to the advanced limit position occurs in two phases:
- in una prima fase o fase di riempimento, i mezzi di movimentazione impongono alla vite una velocità di avanzamento praticamente costante; durante tale fase, il materiale fuso fuoriesce dall’ugello e riempie la cavità dello stampo della pressa; - in a first phase or filling phase, the handling means impose a practically constant speed of advancement on the screw; during this phase, the molten material comes out of the nozzle and fills the cavity of the mold of the press;
- in una seconda fase o fase di compressione, i mezzi di movimentazione impongono alla vite una predefinita spinta in modo da comprimere la massa plastica fusa nella cavità; in tale fase, la velocità di avanzamento è praticamente nulla, mentre, in virtù della spinta esercitata dalla vite, la massa fusa riempie la cavità e si compatta. - in a second step or compression step, the handling means impose a predefined thrust on the screw so as to compress the molten plastic mass in the cavity; in this phase, the advancement speed is practically zero, while, by virtue of the thrust exerted by the screw, the molten mass fills the cavity and becomes compact.
Secondo una forma di realizzazione dell’invenzione, il sensore di pressione 70 rileva la pressione nella testa 14 o nell’ugello 15 e trasmette i valori rilevati al dispositivo di elaborazione pressione 54 che comanda l’azionamento dei mezzi di movimentazione in modo da passare dalla fase di riempimento alla fase di compressione quando la pressione rilevata supera un predefinito valore di soglia p<*>. According to an embodiment of the invention, the pressure sensor 70 detects the pressure in the head 14 or in the nozzle 15 and transmits the detected values to the pressure processing device 54 which controls the actuation of the movement means so as to pass from the filling phase to the compression phase when the detected pressure exceeds a predefined threshold value p <*>.
Innovativamente, il gruppo di plastificazione secondo la presente invenzione supera gli inconvenienti di cui si è detto con riferimento all’arte nota, in virtù dei mezzi di coibentazione di cui si è detto. Innovatively, the plasticizing unit according to the present invention overcomes the drawbacks mentioned with reference to the known art, by virtue of the aforementioned insulation means.
Inoltre, vantaggiosamente, la retroazione della temperatura set-point massa fusa consente di ottenere una massa fusa ottimale, anche in condizioni ambientali particolari o in presenza di organi usurati. Furthermore, advantageously, the feedback of the melt set-point temperature allows to obtain an optimal melt, even in particular environmental conditions or in the presence of worn parts.
Secondo un ulteriore aspetto vantaggioso, la struttura del cilindro è ottimizzata in modo da limitare l’inerzia termica. According to a further advantageous aspect, the cylinder structure is optimized in order to limit thermal inertia.
Secondo un aspetto vantaggioso ancora ulteriore, il gruppo di plastificazione con sensore della pressione consente di superare alcuni inconvenienti dell’arte nota quali eccessi di bave nell’articolo stampato o riempimenti incompleti della cavità dello stampo. According to an even further advantageous aspect, the plasticizing unit with pressure sensor allows to overcome some drawbacks of the known art such as excess burrs in the molded article or incomplete filling of the mold cavity.
È chiaro che un tecnico del ramo, al fine di soddisfare esigenze contingenti, potrebbe apportare modifiche al gruppo di plastificazione sopra descritto, tutte contenute nell’ambito di tutela come definito dalle rivendicazioni seguenti. It is clear that a person skilled in the art, in order to meet contingent needs, could make changes to the plasticizing unit described above, all contained within the scope of protection as defined by the following claims.
Claims (16)
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IT102017000006608A IT201700006608A1 (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | INSULATED SCREW PLASTICIZATION GROUP |
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US5112661A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1992-05-12 | Pendergraft Gordon M | Machine insulation jacket assembly |
GB2302490A (en) * | 1995-06-21 | 1997-01-15 | Exotherm Prod Ltd | Wrap-around insulated heater for injection moulding machine |
US5741449A (en) * | 1994-03-24 | 1998-04-21 | Fanuc Ltd | Cylinder temperature setting method for injection molding machine |
US20160114511A1 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-04-28 | Nissei Plastic Industrial Co., Ltd. | Heating device of injection molding machine |
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2017
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5112661A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1992-05-12 | Pendergraft Gordon M | Machine insulation jacket assembly |
US5741449A (en) * | 1994-03-24 | 1998-04-21 | Fanuc Ltd | Cylinder temperature setting method for injection molding machine |
GB2302490A (en) * | 1995-06-21 | 1997-01-15 | Exotherm Prod Ltd | Wrap-around insulated heater for injection moulding machine |
US20160114511A1 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-04-28 | Nissei Plastic Industrial Co., Ltd. | Heating device of injection molding machine |
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