IL43511A - Method and apparatus for the separation of isotopes - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the separation of isotopes

Info

Publication number
IL43511A
IL43511A IL43511A IL4351173A IL43511A IL 43511 A IL43511 A IL 43511A IL 43511 A IL43511 A IL 43511A IL 4351173 A IL4351173 A IL 4351173A IL 43511 A IL43511 A IL 43511A
Authority
IL
Israel
Prior art keywords
particles
environment
energy
isotope
isotope type
Prior art date
Application number
IL43511A
Other languages
Hebrew (he)
Other versions
IL43511A0 (en
Original Assignee
Jersey Nuclear Avco Isotopes
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US05/328,953 external-priority patent/US3944825A/en
Application filed by Jersey Nuclear Avco Isotopes filed Critical Jersey Nuclear Avco Isotopes
Publication of IL43511A0 publication Critical patent/IL43511A0/en
Publication of IL43511A publication Critical patent/IL43511A/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/10—Ion sources; Ion guns
    • H01J49/16—Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission
    • H01J49/161—Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission using photoionisation, e.g. by laser
    • H01J49/162—Direct photo-ionisation, e.g. single photon or multi-photon ionisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
    • B01D59/34—Separation by photochemical methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
    • B01D59/44—Separation by mass spectrography
    • B01D59/48—Separation by mass spectrography using electrostatic and magnetic fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
    • B01D59/50—Separation involving two or more processes covered by different groups selected from groups B01D59/02, B01D59/10, B01D59/20, B01D59/22, B01D59/28, B01D59/34, B01D59/36, B01D59/38, B01D59/44
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/30—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects
    • H01J37/305—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for casting, melting, evaporating or etching
    • H01J37/3053—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for casting, melting, evaporating or etching for evaporating or etching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/0007—Applications not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/01—Handling plasma, e.g. of subatomic particles

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)

Claims (32)

WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. In a technique for isotope separation, a process for generating a super energetic plasma of ionized particles of one isotope type and corresponding electrons in an environment of plural isotope types, said process including the steps of: applying radiant energy to said environment of plural isotopes including said one isotope type; the energy of said applied radiant energy corresponding to a selected transition for said particles of said one isotope type to produce excitation thereof to an intermediate excited level below the level of ionization without correspondingly producing excitation of other particles in said environment; and generating a plasma having ionized particles of said one isotope type with a kinetic energy substantially in excess of the back round energy of said environment to provide expansion of said ionized particles of said one isotope type in said environment on trajectories distinct from the trajectories of the other particles in said environment .
2. The process of claim 1 further including the step of collecting the expanding ionized particles of said one isotope type without correspondingly collecting the other particles of said environment.
3. · The process of claim 2 wherein said collecting step is achieved with a plurality of collecting surfaces placed throughout said environment at orientations to intercept the expanding ionized particles of said one isotope type without substantially interception of the other components of said environment.
4. The process of claim 3 further including the steps of: generating a vapor flow of a material containing said plural isotopes with a predetermined flow direction to define said environment; said predetermined flow direction permitting, passage of said vapor through said collectin surfaces without substantial collection of neutral particles from said vapor thereon except said expanding ionized particles of said one isotope type.
5. · The process of claim 1 further including the step of applying a force to said expanding ionized particles to constrain their expansion direction generally along predetermined expansion directions.
6. The process of claim 5 wherein said applied force is produced as a magnetic field.
7. The process of claim 5 wherein collection surfaces are provided for the constrained more rapidly expanding ionized particles of said one isotope type to provide collection thereof on said surfaces.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein said plasma generating step includes steps of: applying second radiant energy to the excited particles of said one isotope type to produce ionization thereof; and applying further energy to the plasma containing said ionized particles of said one isotope type and the corresponding electrons to produce a super energetic state having kinetic energies substantially above the background energy of said environment.
9. The process of claim 8 wherein the step of producing said super energetic state includes applying third radiant energy to said plasma.
10. The process of claim 9 wherein said third radiant energy includes electromagnetic radiation.
11. The process of claim 8 wherein said further energy includes a particle beam.
12. The process of claim 8 wherein said super energetic state is produced by application of a force field to the elements of said plasma to increase their kinetic energy.
13. The process of claim 12 wherein said force field is oscillatory.
14. 1 . The process of claim 12 wherein said force field is an electric field.
15. · The process of claim 12 wherein said force field is a magnetic field.
16. l6. The process of claim 8 wherein said super energetic state is produced-by the application of an electric current to said plasma.
17. The process of claim 1 wherein said plasma generating step further includes the steps of: applying further radiant energy to the environment containing said excited particles of said one isotope type to produce ionization thereof and establishing the photon energy in said applied further radiant energy to produce ionization of said selectively excited particles of said one isotope type and having sufficiently greater energy than that necessary to produce ionization so as to create said super energetic state in said plasma; said super energetic state having associated therewith plasma kinetic energies significantly greater than the background energy of said environment to produce said more rapidly expanding ionized particles of said one isotope type.
18. In a technique for isotope enrichment, the process of separating particles of one isotope type in an environment containing plural isotope types, said process including the steps of: selectively exciting the particles of said one isotope type in said environment without correspondingly exciting the other particles of said plural isotopes in said environment; imparting energy to the electrons of the excited particles of said one isotope type to substantially remove at least one electron from each particle of said one isotope type and impart to said removed electron a kinetic energy of motion substantially in excess of the background energy of said environment whereby said electrons expand away from sa)id environment; said expanding electrons being operative to change the trajectories of said ionized particles of said one isotope type.
19. A method for separating particles of one isotope type from an environment containing particles of plural isotope types, said method including the steps of: selectively exciting particles of said one isotope type without correspondingly exciting particles of the other of said plural isotope types; and generating a plasma in said environment wherein the excited particles of said one isotope type are ionized and corresponding released electrons are super energized to have kinetic energy of motion substantially above the background energ of said environment whereby said ions are changed in trajectory to permit their collection apart from the other components of said environment.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein said one isotope type is uranium ^235'
21. The method of claim 20 wherein said generating step includes energizing said electrons approximately one electron volt above the energy necessary for ionization.
22. Apparatus for separating particles of one isotope type from an environment containing particles of . plural isotope types, said apparatus comprising: means for selectively exciting particles of said one isotope type without corresponding excitation of the particles of the other isotope type; means for generating a plasma in said environment wherein the excited particles of said one isotope type are ionized and corresponding released electrons are super energized to have kinetic energy of motion substantially above the background energy of said environment whereby said ions are changed in trajectory to permit , their expansion collection apart from the other components of said environment .
23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein: said ionized particles of said one isotope type are on trajectories of a generally spherical expansion; and a plurality of collection plates are provided in said environment to intercept the generally spherical expansion of said ionized particles of said one isotope type over substantial angles of the expansion thereof.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 further including: means for generating a vapor of material containing said plural isotopes to define said environment; said generated vapor having a flow direction substantially parallel to said plates to prevent collection on said plates of the constituents of said vapor other than the ionized particles of said one isotope type on said trajectories.
25. The apparatus of claim 22 further including means for limiting the direction of the trajectories of said ionized particles of said one isotope type whereby those particles are constrained generally along one or more predetermined direction.
26. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein said plasma generating means further includes: means:: for applying further radiant energy to the excited particles of said one isotope type to produce ionization thereof and impart energy to the electrons released from said particles substantially in excess of the background energy of said environment.
27. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein said plasma generating means further includes: means for ionizing the selectively excited particles of said one isotope type and means for imparting additional energy to the electrons of said plasma in excess of the background energy of said environment to produce super energetic electrons which expand away from said environment in the company of corresponding ionized particles of said one isotope type on trajectories distinct from the trajectories of ^particles in said environment generally.
28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein said means for imparting additional energy to said electrons includes means for applying radiant energy to said plasma.
29. The apparatus' of claim 28 wherein said radiant energy applying means includes means for applying a particle beam to said plasma.
30. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein said radiant energy applying means includes means for applying electromagnetic radiation to said plasma.
31. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein said means for imparting additional energy to said electrons includes means for applying a force field to said plasnia.
32. The apparatus of claim 31 wherein said force field applying means includes means for providing oscillations in the strength of said force field. 33· The apparatus of claim 31 wherein said force field applying means includes, means for applying an electrical current to said plasma. 3^. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the particles of said one isotope type include the U235 isotope of uranium. 35· The apparatus of claim 22 wherein said super energized electrons possess at least approximated one electron volt energy beyond the energy of releasing them from the particles of said one isotope type.
IL43511A 1973-02-02 1973-10-29 Method and apparatus for the separation of isotopes IL43511A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/328,953 US3944825A (en) 1970-03-25 1973-02-02 Method and apparatus for the separation of isotopes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
IL43511A0 IL43511A0 (en) 1974-01-14
IL43511A true IL43511A (en) 1976-05-31

Family

ID=23283193

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IL43511A IL43511A (en) 1973-02-02 1973-10-29 Method and apparatus for the separation of isotopes

Country Status (12)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS49105094A (en)
AU (1) AU6174373A (en)
BE (1) BE807443A (en)
CH (1) CH570192A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2353002A1 (en)
ES (2) ES420112A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2216005B3 (en)
GB (1) GB1440139A (en)
IL (1) IL43511A (en)
IT (1) IT999140B (en)
NL (1) NL7314885A (en)
SE (1) SE7314325L (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2297665A1 (en) * 1975-01-15 1976-08-13 Comp Generale Electricite ISOTOPE SEPARATION DEVICE
FR2331371A1 (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-06-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXCITATION AND SELECTIVE DISSOCIATION BY ABSORPTION OF LASER LIGHT AND APPLICATION TO ISOTOPIC ENRICHMENT
US4726967A (en) * 1983-06-30 1988-02-23 Jersey Nuclear-Avco Isotopes, Inc. Low temperature condensate adherence method
JP2012049141A (en) * 2005-01-14 2012-03-08 Ideal Star Inc Plasma source, ion source, and ion generation method
CN113118449A (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-07-16 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 Physical separation method and device for multi-component metal substance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2216005A1 (en) 1974-08-30
DE2353002A1 (en) 1974-08-08
ES420112A1 (en) 1977-07-01
AU6174373A (en) 1975-04-24
NL7314885A (en) 1974-08-06
CH570192A5 (en) 1975-12-15
SE7314325L (en) 1974-08-05
FR2216005B3 (en) 1976-10-01
IT999140B (en) 1976-02-20
GB1440139A (en) 1976-06-23
IL43511A0 (en) 1974-01-14
JPS49105094A (en) 1974-10-04
BE807443A (en) 1974-05-16
ES428125A1 (en) 1976-07-16

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