IL309367A - Composite material and uses thereof - Google Patents

Composite material and uses thereof

Info

Publication number
IL309367A
IL309367A IL309367A IL30936723A IL309367A IL 309367 A IL309367 A IL 309367A IL 309367 A IL309367 A IL 309367A IL 30936723 A IL30936723 A IL 30936723A IL 309367 A IL309367 A IL 309367A
Authority
IL
Israel
Prior art keywords
composite material
layer
layers
colorant
examples
Prior art date
Application number
IL309367A
Other languages
Hebrew (he)
Original Assignee
Solcold Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Solcold Ltd filed Critical Solcold Ltd
Priority to IL309367A priority Critical patent/IL309367A/en
Priority to PCT/IL2024/051180 priority patent/WO2025126213A1/en
Publication of IL309367A publication Critical patent/IL309367A/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/004—Reflecting paints; Signal paints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/023—Optical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/027—Thermal properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D31/00—Other cooling or freezing apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/105—Metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/107—Ceramic
    • B32B2264/108—Carbon, e.g. graphite particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B32B2307/4026—Coloured within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
    • C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

u0001 COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND USES THEREOF TECHNOLOGICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to composite materials comprising polymeric materials and uses thereof.
BACKGROUND ARTReferences considered to be relevant as background to the presently disclosed subject matter are listed below: International application, publication No. WO2023100186. Acknowledgement of the above references herein is not to be inferred as meaning that these are in any way relevant to the patentability of the presently disclosed subject matter.
BACKGROUNDInternational application, publication No. WO2023100186 describes an apparatus for amplifying cooling through interaction with electromagnetic radiation for optical cooling of objects and/or object surfaces with essentially three layers, which are a bottom layer that is comprised of a single or multi layered material configured to emit IR radiation; a middle layer that is comprised of a single or multi layered material configured to respond in anti-Stokes fluorescence upon absorption of electromagnetic radiation; and a top layer that is comprised of a single or multi layered material configured to reflect selected spectral band and/or amplify selected spectral band of the electromagnetic radiation transmittable to the middle layer.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION In accordance with some aspects, the present disclosure provides a composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a polymeric material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the polymeric material comprises at least one colorant.
In accordance with some other aspects, the present disclosure provides use of the composite material described herein as an insulation layer.
In accordance with some further aspect, the present disclosure provides an article of manufacture comprising the composite material described herein.
In accordance with yet some further aspect, the present disclosure provides a cooling apparatus comprising the composite material described herein.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to better understand the subject matter that is disclosed herein and to exemplify how it may be carried out in practice, embodiments will now be described, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1a shows Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) transmission of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) comprising different pigments.
Fig. 2 shows Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) transmission of PTFE comprising different pigments.u0001 Fig. 3 is an example of thermal resistivity measurements.
Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a composite material in accordance with some embodiments.
Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a composite material in accordance with some embodiments.
Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a composite material in accordance with some embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS The present disclosure is based on the development of a colored composite material that provide an insulation layer for minimize heating and/or provides cooling a variety of colored products.
The composite material may be used per se or adhered to or incorporated into a product (an article of manufacture) to allow coloring while minimizing heat generated by the colorant and/or generating passive cooling.
Hence, in accordance with some aspects, the present disclosure provides a composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant.
The composite material as used refers to a material having a layered structure comprising multiple layers, with each layer comprising a same or a different material. The layers forming the composite material may be arranged in a specific order or sequence to achieve desired structural or functional characteristics as further described herein below. For example, the composite material may comprise a spectrally selective layer that selectively absorbs solar light at specific wavelengths (for example to give required color) while allowing other wavelengths to pass through and/or be reflected and a reflective layer that is configured to reflect the solar light and/or to emit infrared radiation.
As described herein, the composite material may be used for minimizing heat, for example, by absorbing minimal radiation by coloring agents, and/or for cooling. The applicability of the composite material for such purposes can be determined by the absorption spectra in the solar (0.2-2.5microns) and thermal (5-50 microns) ranges of the colorant, and by the thermal conductivity of the composite material, as shown in the Examples below.
Thermal conductivity refers to the ability to conduct heat, i.e. how well a substance/material can transmit thermal energy through conduction. Specifically, thermal conductivity represents the amount of heat (in watts) that can flow through a unit area (in square meters) of the material, per unit temperature difference (in kelvins) across the material for a certain thickness of this material (meters).
In some examples, the composite material is characterized by having thermal conductivity value of at least about 0.001W/mK, at times at least about 0.003W/mK, at times at least about 0.005W/mK, at times at least about 0.007W/mK, at times at least about 0.01W/mK, at times at least about 0.015W/mK, at times at times at least about 0.W/mK, at times at least about 0.04 W/mK, at times at least about 0.06 W/mK, at times at least about 0.07 W/mK, at times at least about 0.08 W/mK, at times at least about 0.W/mK, at times at least about 0.15 W/mK, at times at least about 0.2 W/mK, at times at least about 0.25 W/mK.
In some examples, the composite material is characterized by having thermal conductivity value of about 0.001W/mK, at times about 0.003W/mK, at times about 0.005W/mK, at times about 0.007W/mK, at times about 0.01W/mK, at times about 0.015W/mK, at times about 0.02 W/mK, at times about 0.04 W/mK, at times about 0.W/mK, at times about 0.075 W/mK, at times about 0.08 W/mK at times about 0.1 W/mK, at times about 0.15 W/mK, at times about 0.2 W/mK, at times about 0.25 W/mK.
In some examples, the composite material is characterized by having thermal conductivity value of atu0001 u0001most about 0.3 W/mK, at times at most about 0.15 W/mK.
In some examples, the composite material is characterized by having thermal conductivity value of between about 0.001W/mK and about 0.3 W/mK, at times between about 0.003W/mK and about 0.3 W/mK, at times between about 0.005W/mK and about 0.3 W/mK, at times between about 0.007W/mK and about 0.3 W/mK, at times between about 0.01 W/mK and about 0.3 W/mK, at times between about 0.02 W/mK and about 0.3 W/mK, at times between about 0.02 W/mK and about 0.25 W/mK, at times between about 0.03 W/mK and about 0.2 W/mK, at times between about 0.04W/mK and about 0.W/mK, at times between about 0.06W/mK and about 0.09 W/mK.u0001 In some examples, the plurality of layers is arranged in a stacked configuration. The term "stack configuration" typically refers to an arrangement of two or more layers such that one layer is placed on top of another. In the context of the present disclosure, the arrangement may be vertical or horizontal. Further, in the context of the present disclosure, each layer may vary in size, shape, or composition depending on the specific context and purpose of the stack as further described herein.
The composite material is characterized by specific length, width and thickness (height).
In some examples, the composite material is characterized by a thickness of at least about 0.1mm, at times at least about 0.2mm, at times at least about 0.3mm, at times at least about 0.5mm, at times at least 0.7mm, at times at least about 1mm, at times at least about 1.2mm, at times at least about 1.5mm, at times at least about 1.75mm, at times at least about 2mm.
In some examples, the composite material is characterized by a thickness of about 0.2mm, at times about 0.3mm, at times about 0.5mm, at times about 0.7mm, at times about 1mm, at times about 1.2mm, at times about 1.5mm, at times about 1.75mm, at times about 2mm.
In some examples, the composite material is characterized by a thickness of between about 0.2mm and about 3mm, at times between about 0.35mm and about 3mm, at times between about 0.35mm and about 2mm.
As described herein, at least one layer that comprises a carrier material comprises at least one colorant. The term "colorant" as used herein refers to a material that imparts color to various products, including, inter alia, textile, paint, ink, plastic.
The colorant may be either applied on a carrier material and/or embedded (at least partially embedded) within a carrier material.
In some examples, the at least one colorant is at least partially embedded within the at least one layer comprising the carrier material. In some examples, the at least one colorant is at least partially embedded within a carrier material.
In this context, it is to be understood that "at least partially embedded in the polymeric material" means that a portion of the colorant is exposed out of the carrier material, but yet, the colorant is stably entrapped in the material.
The entrapment or embedment, which may be a physical (mechanical) entrapment of the colorant in the polymer by any method known in the art. For example, entrapment of the colorant in the polymer may be by one or more of solution mixing, melt blending, in situ polymerization, sol-gel process.
In some examples, the at least one colorant is at least partially coated on a surface of at least one layer comprising the carrier material.u0001In some examples, the at least one colorant is positioned on top of the at least one layer comprising the carrier material.
The coating of the colorant on the layer comprising the carrier material, i.e. on the polymer surface may be by any method known in the art. For example, coating of the colorant may be by one or more of dip coating, spray coating, electrostatic deposition, chemical vapor deposition, cavitation enhanced dip coating or spin coating.
In some examples, the at least one layer comprising the carrier material with the at least one colorant form the most top layer of the composite material. In some examples, the at least one layer comprising the carrier material comprising the at least one colorant is the top layer of the layer(s) that comprises a carrier material.
In some examples, the at least one layer comprising the carrier material comprising the at least one colorant (either embedded within or coated onto) is exposed to the environment.
The term colorant as used herein encompasses a pigment or a dye. The term dye typically refers to a soluble colorant, whereas the term pigment typically refers to an insoluble colorant and may be suspended in a medium or binder and provide a color through reflection and absorption of light.
In some examples, the at least one colorant is or comprises at least one pigment. As shown in the Examples below, various pigments may be applicable provided that they have below 20% absorption levels in the atmospheric window 8-15micrometer when embedded in a polymeric material and above 80% average of transmission in the atmospheric window 8-15micrometer. Without being bound by theory, it was suggested that the at least one layer comprising the carrier material comprising the at least one colorant is transparent and absorbs light.
In some examples, the at least one colorant is at least one of nano pigment, micro-pigment, plasmonic nanoparticle, fluorescence material or any combination thereof.
The term "nano pigment" refers to a pigment that was engineered at the nanoscale. In some examples, the nano pigment has an average particle size between about 1nm to 100 nm.
The term "micro-pigment" as used herein refers to a pigment having an average particle size of several microns.
The nano pigment or micro-pigment as used herein encompasses both an organic material and an inorganic material.
An inorganic nano-pigment or micro-pigment may include materials like metal oxides (e.g., titanium dioxide or zinc oxide), metal nanoparticles, all having a particle size in the nanometer range.
An organic nano-pigment or micro-pigment may be composed of organic compounds that are engineered or processed to have nanoscale dimensions.
The present disclosure is not limited to specific pigments.
In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is an inorganic pigment.
In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises at least one or more of bismuth oxide, Chromium Oxide (Cr2O3), Lead sulfide (PbS), Prussian Blue (Fe 4[Fe(CN) 6] 3), Spinel Orange (Chrome Antimony titanite buff rutile (Ti,Cr,Sb)O 2), cobalt blue (CoZnO–cobalt zinc oxide), Verdigris-synthetic (Cu(CH3COO)2·[Cu(OH)2]3·2H2O), Spinel green (Cobalt Titanate Green Spinel, Co/Ti/Ni/Zn Oxide, spinel yellow (NiTiO 3), Caput Mortuum reddish (Mixture of natural barium sulphate (BaSO4), iron oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4)), Cinnabar (HgS) , Mars Black (FeO, Fe2O3) or a combination thereof.
In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises bismuth oxide. In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Chromium Oxide (Cr2O3). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Lead sulfide (PbS). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Prussian Blue (Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Spinel Orange (Chrome Antimony titanite buff rutile (Ti,Cr,Sb)O 2). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises cobalt blue (CoZnO–cobalt zinc oxide). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Verdigris-synthetic (Cu(CH 3COO) 2·[Cu(OH) 2]3·2H2O). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Spinel green (Cobalt Titanate Green Spinel, In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Co/Ti/Ni/Zn Oxide. In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises spinel yellow (NiTiO3). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Caput Mortuum reddish (Mixture of natural barium sulphate (BaSO4). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises iron oxides (Fe 2O 3 and Fe 3O 4)). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Cinnabar (HgS). In some examples, the at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is or comprises Mars Black (FeO, Fe2O3).
In some examples, the at least one colorant is or comprises a plasmonic nanoparticle. The term plasmonic nanoparticle refers to a material that is capable of supporting localized surface and/or bulk plasmon resonances. In some examples, the plasmonic nanoparticle has an average particle size between about 1nm to 100 nm. In some examples, the plasmonic nanoparticle is or comprise a metal. In some examples, the plasmonic nanoparticle is or comprises at least one of silver, gold, aluminum, copper, nickel or any combination thereof.
In some examples, the at least one colorant is or comprises a fluorescence material.
In some examples, the fluorescence material is one or more of Quantum dots, perovskites, fluorescent dyes, semiconductor nano-micro particles.
It should be noted that the average size of the particles may be measured by any method known to a person skilled in the art for example by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) using a Malvern Zeta Nano Sizer.
As described herein, at least one layer comprising a carrier material is associated with the at least one colorant.
The carrier material as used herein may refer in some examples to a scaffold material or a matrix formed by a resin, a polymer, or a co-polymer.
In some examples, the carrier material at least one resin, at least one polymer, at least one co-polymer, at least one natural wax, at least one modified wax or any combination thereof.
In some examples, the carrier material is a polymeric material.
In some examples, the scaffold/matrix comprising the polymeric material is characterized by pores/voids the dimensions of which manipulated in the presence of a chemical agent or physical conditions.
In some examples, the polymeric material is or comprises a porous polymer, an encasing polymer or any combination thereof.
The term "porous polymer" as used herein refers to a polymer material that contains pores or voids (for example of a size of nanoscale or microscale) within its structure, creating a three-dimensional network with empty spaces. Without being bound by theory, it was suggested that colorant, for example the pigment is embedded (partially or fully) within the polymeric material (matrix) as detailed herein.
The term "encasing polymer" as used herein refers to polymer that envelopes the colorant thus preventing its erosion and protecting it from the environment.
In some examples, the polymeric material is or comprises a transparent polymer. In some examples, the polymeric material comprising the at least one colorant is or comprises a transparent polymer.
In some examples, the polymeric material is or comprises a thermoplastic polymer. A thermoplastic polymer refers to a polymer that is pliable or moldable upon specific heating and solidify upon cooling.
In some examples, the polymeric material is or comprises a thermoset polymer.
In some examples, the polymeric material is characterized by adhesion properties. In some examples, the polymeric material is or comprises an adhesive polymer. As used herein the term adhesive polymer refers to a polymer capable of bonding, conjugating or sticking materials together and in the context of the present disclosure one or more layers. u0001 In some examples, the polymeric material is or comprises a polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate or any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises one or more of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), high density polyethylene (HDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), polypropylene copolymer (CPP), polypropylene homopolymer (HPP), random polypropylene copolymer (RPP), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polyethylene (PE), polymethylpentene (PMP), polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyethersulfone (PES), polyurethane (PU), PDMS 10 (Polydimethylsiloxane), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and any mixture or derivative thereof. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PBT. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PET. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises HDPE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises LLDPE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises LDPE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises MDPE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises CPP. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises HPP. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises RPP. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises UHMWPE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PMP. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PP. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PTFE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PVDF. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises ECTFE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises EVA. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PES. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PU. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises polydimethylsiloxane. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PTFE. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PVB. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PVC. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PVDF. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PMMA. In some embodiments, the polymer is or comprises PU. As appropriated, the present disclosure encompasses any one of the above mentioned polymer as well as any derivative thereof capable of having the same activity/effect.
The composite material comprises in accordance with some examples, at least two layers comprising a carrier material denoted herein as "carrier layers".
Without being bound by theory, it was suggested that the carrier layers are characterized by reflecting and emissivity properties. Specifically, the carrier layers are characterized by the ability to reflect solar radiation and be a black body radiator.
The term emissivity as used herein refers to an effectiveness of a material in emitting energy as thermal radiation.
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant and wherein the carrier material is one or more of PBT, PET, HDPE, LLDPE, LDPE, MDPE, CPP, HPP, RPP, UHMWPE, PE, PMP, PP, PTFE, PVDF, ECTFE, EVA, PES, PU, Polydimethylsiloxane, PTFE, PVB, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, and any mixture or derivative thereof.
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant and wherein the at least one colorant is a nano pigment or micro-pigment.
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant and wherein the at least one colorant is or comprises at least one or more of bismuth oxide, Chromium Oxide (Cr2O3), Lead sulfide (PbS), Prussian Blue (Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3), Spinel Orange (Chrome Antimony titanite buff rutile (Ti,Cr,Sb)O 2), cobalt blue (CoZnO–cobalt zinc oxide), Verdigris-synthetic (Cu(CH3COO)2·[Cu(OH)2]3·2H2O), Spinel green (Cobalt Titanate Green Spinel, Co/Ti/Ni/Zn Oxide, spinel yellow (NiTiO3), Caput Mortuum reddish (Mixture of natural barium sulphate (BaSO4), iron oxides (Fe 2O 3 and Fe3O4)), Cinnabar (HgS) , Mars Black (FeO, Fe2O3) or a combination thereof.
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant, wherein the carrier material is one or more of PBT, PET, HDPE, LLDPE, LDPE, MDPE, CPP, HPP, RPP, UHMWPE, PE, PMP, PP, PTFE, PVDF, ECTFE, EVA, PES, PU, Polydimethylsiloxane, PTFE, PVB, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, and any mixture or derivative thereof and wherein the at least one colorant is a nano pigment or micro-pigment.
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant, wherein the carrier material is one or more of PBT, PET, HDPE, LLDPE, LDPE, MDPE, CPP, HPP, RPP, UHMWPE, PE, PMP, PP, PTFE, PVDF, ECTFE, EVA, PES, PU, Polydimethylsiloxane, PTFE, PVB, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, and any mixture or derivative thereof and wherein the at least one colorant is or comprises at least one or more of bismuth oxide, Chromium Oxide (Cr 2O 3), Lead sulfide (PbS), Prussian Blue (Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3), Spinel Orange (Chrome Antimony titanite buff rutile (Ti,Cr,Sb)O2), cobalt blue (CoZnO–cobalt zinc oxide), Verdigris-synthetic (Cu(CH 3COO) 2·[Cu(OH) 2]3·2H2O), Spinel green (Cobalt Titanate Green Spinel, Co/Ti/Ni/Zn Oxide, spinel yellow (NiTiO3), Caput Mortuum reddish (Mixture of natural barium sulphate (BaSO4), iron oxides (Fe 2O 3 and Fe 3O 4)), Cinnabar (HgS) , Mars Black (FeO, Fe2O3) or a combination thereof.
In accordance with the present disclosure in case the composite material comprises two or more layers comprising a carrier material (two layers in the carrier layers), the two or more layers may comprise the same carrier material or different carrier materials. In some examples, the two or more carrier layers comprises the same carrier material. In some examples, the two or more carrier layers comprises a different carrier material. In some examples, the two or more carrier layers have at least one carrier material that is the same in the at least two layers.
In some examples, the composite material comprises at least two layers comprising a polymeric material.
In some examples, the composite material comprises two layers comprising a polymeric material, such that one layer comprises a polymeric material comprising at least one colorant. In some examples, the composite material comprises two layers comprising a polymeric material, wherein the layer comprising at least one colorant is exposed to the environment.
In some examples in which the composite material comprises two layers, such that each layer comprises a polymeric material, the polymeric material in each one of the two or more layers may be the same material or may be a different material. In some examples, the polymeric material may overlap between these two or more polymeric layers.
Reference is made to Fig. 4 showing an exemplary composite material (100) in accordance with some embodiments. Composite material (100) comprises two polymeric layers, (102 and 104), with layer 102 comprising at least one colorant (dark dots,106).
In some examples, the composite material comprises two or more layers comprising at least one layer comprising an adhesive polymer.
In some examples, the two or more carrier layers are stacked between said at least one layer comprising said polymeric material comprising said at least one colorant and said at least one layer comprising a reflective material.
In some examples, the composite material comprising at least three carrier layers. In some examples, the composite material comprises one layer comprising a carrier material comprising at least colorant and at least two layers comprising a carrier material, wherein the layer comprising at least one colorant is exposed to the environment.
Reference is made to Fig. 5 showing an exemplary composite material (110) in accordance with some embodiments.
Composite material (110) comprises three carrier layers, (112, 114, 118), with layer 112 comprising at least one colorant (116), layer 114 and layer 118 comprises a polymer.
In some examples, the composite material comprises one layer comprising a carrier material comprising at least colorant and at least two layers comprising a carrier material, wherein the layer comprising at least one colorant is exposed to the environment.
In some examples, the composite material comprises one layer comprising a carrier material comprising at least colorant and at least four layers comprising a carrier material, wherein the layer comprising at least one colorant is exposed to the environment, wherein the at least four layers comprising a carrier material comprises at least two layers comprising a polymer.
As described herein, the composite material comprises at least one layer comprising a reflective material. The term reflective material as used herein refers to a material that is capable of redirecting light, or other waves, hence, allowing the material to reflect rather than absorb radiation.
In some examples, the at least one layer that comprises a carrier material comprises the same component as the at least one layer that comprises a reflective material. In some further examples, the at least one layer that comprises a carrier material and the at least one layer that comprises a reflective material comprise at least one common material. In some other examples, the at least one layer that comprises a carrier material is different than the at least one layer that comprises a reflective material.
The present disclosure is not limited to a specific reflection material.
In some examples, the reflective material is or comprises a metal. The present disclosure is not limited to a specific metal. In some examples, the metal is or comprises aluminum or silver.
In some examples, the reflective material is or comprises one or more of a polymer, ceramic (e.g. SiN, SiO 2), diamond, diamond like carbon (DLC).
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant wherein the carrier material is one or more of PBT, PET, HDPE, LLDPE, LDPE, MDPE, CPP, HPP, RPP, UHMWPE, PE, PMP, PP, PTFE, PVDF, ECTFE, EVA, PES, PU, Polydimethylsiloxane, PTFE, PVB, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, and any mixture or derivative thereof and wherein the reflective material is or comprises one or more of a polymer, ceramic (e.g. SiN, SiO 2), diamond, diamond like carbon (DLC).
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant, wherein the at least one colorant is a nano pigment or micro-pigment and wherein the reflective material is or comprises one or more of a polymer, ceramic (e.g. SiN, SiO 2), diamond, diamond like carbon (DLC).
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant, wherein the at least one colorant is or comprises at least one or more of bismuth oxide, Chromium Oxide (Cr 2O 3), Lead sulfide (PbS), Prussian Blue (Fe 4[Fe(CN) 6] 3), Spinel Orange (Chrome Antimony titanite buff rutile (Ti,Cr,Sb)O2), cobalt blue (CoZnO–cobalt zinc oxide), Verdigris-synthetic (Cu(CH 3COO) 2·[Cu(OH) 2]3·2H2O), Spinel green (Cobalt Titanate Green Spinel, Co/Ti/Ni/Zn Oxide, spinel yellow (NiTiO 3), Caput Mortuum reddish (Mixture of natural barium sulphate (BaSO4), iron oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4)), Cinnabar (HgS) , Mars Black (FeO, Fe 2O 3) or a combination thereof and wherein the reflective material is or comprises one or more of a polymer, ceramic (e.g. SiN, SiO 2), diamond, diamond like carbon (DLC).
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant, wherein the carrier material is one or more of PBT, PET, HDPE, LLDPE, LDPE, MDPE, CPP, HPP, RPP, UHMWPE, PE, PMP, PP, PTFE, PVDF, ECTFE, EVA, PES, PU, Polydimethylsiloxane, PTFE, PVB, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, and any mixture or derivative thereof, wherein the at least one colorant is a nano pigment or micro-pigment and wherein the reflective material is or comprises one or more of a polymer, ceramic (e.g. SiN, SiO2), diamond, diamond like carbon (DLC).
In some examples, the composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of the plurality of layers comprises a carrier material and at least one layer of the plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises the carrier material comprises at least one colorant, wherein the carrier material is one or more of PBT, PET, HDPE, LLDPE, LDPE, MDPE, CPP, HPP, RPP, UHMWPE, PE, PMP, PP, PTFE, PVDF, ECTFE, EVA, PES, PU, Polydimethylsiloxane, PTFE, PVB, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, and any mixture or derivative thereof, wherein the at least one colorant is or comprises at least one or more of bismuth oxide, Chromium Oxide (Cr 2O 3), Lead sulfide (PbS), Prussian Blue (Fe 4[Fe(CN) 6] 3), Spinel Orange (Chrome Antimony titanite buff rutile (Ti,Cr,Sb)O2), cobalt blue (CoZnO–cobalt zinc oxide), Verdigris-synthetic (Cu(CH 3COO) 2·[Cu(OH) 2]3·2H2O), Spinel green (Cobalt Titanate Green Spinel, Co/Ti/Ni/Zn Oxide, spinel yellow (NiTiO 3), Caput Mortuum reddish (Mixture of natural barium sulphate (BaSO4), iron oxides (Fe2Oand Fe 3O 4)), Cinnabar (HgS) , Mars Black (FeO, Fe 2O 3) or a combination thereof and wherein the reflective material is or comprises one or more of a polymer, ceramic (e.g. SiN, SiO2), diamond, diamond like carbon (DLC).
As noted herein, the composite material comprises multiple layers. In some examples, the composite material comprising two or more layers comprising a polymeric material and at least one layer comprising a reflective material. In some examples, the composite material comprising at least one layer comprising a polymeric material and two or more layers comprising a reflective material. In some examples, the composite material comprising two or more layers comprising a polymeric material and two or more layers comprising a reflective material.
Reference is made to Fig. 6 showing an exemplary composite material (120) in accordance with some embodiments. Composite material (120) comprises three carrier layers, (122, 124, 128), and a reflective layer (130), with layer 122 comprising at least one colorant (126).
In some examples, the at least one layer comprising said reflective material is positioned between said one or more layers comprising said polymeric material and a surface.
The composite material in accordance with the present disclosure may be in a form of a film. In some examples, the composite material is in a form of a laminate. The term "laminate" as used herein refers to a composite material with layers of different materials connected together (bonded/attached/conjugated) such that the combination of layers typically provides features that may not be achieved by the use of each of the materials alone.
The composite material may be placed onto at least one surface. The surface as used herein refers to at least one area on which the composite material may be placed on and/or integrated to.
The present disclosure is not limited to a specific surface.
In some examples, the surface is a textile surface.
In some examples, the surface is an outdoor surface.
In some examples, the surface is a rooftop.
In some examples, the surface is a wearing article.
In some examples, the composite material is incorporated into a textile.
In accordance with some other aspects, the present disclosure provides the composite material as described herein for use as insulation material such as an insulation layer.
In accordance with some other aspects, the present disclosure provides use of the composite material as described herein as an insulation material, such as an insulation layer. The term insulation layer as used herein refers to a material or a structure suitable of impeding transfer of heat, between different mediums or environments.
In accordance with some other aspects, the present disclosure provides an article of manufacture comprising the composite material as described herein.
In accordance with some other aspects, the present disclosure provides a cooling apparatus comprising the composite material as described herein. The present disclosure is not limited to a specific article to be cooled using the composite material described herein and is applicable to various cooling uses.
The term "about" as used herein indicates values that may deviate up to 1%, more specifically 5%, more specifically 10%, more specifically 15%, and in some cases up to 20% higher or lower than the value referred to, the deviation range including integer values, and, if applicable, non-integer values as well, constituting a continuous range. As used herein the term "about" refers to ± 10 %.
It should be noted that various embodiments of this invention may be presented in a range format. The description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible sub ranges as well as individual numerical values within that range inclusive the end points values. For example, description of a range such as from to 6 or between 1 and 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub ranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc., as well as individual numbers within that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.
It should be noted that the term "at least one" refers to one or more of the following and encompasses any one of 1, 2, 3, or more of the specified information.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is used for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and not intended to be limiting since the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Throughout this specification and the Examples and claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.
It must be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
The following examples are representative of techniques employed by the inventors in carrying out aspects of the present invention. It should be appreciated that while these techniques are exemplary of preferred embodiments for the practice of the invention, those of skill in the art, in light of the present disclosure, will recognize that numerous modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and intended scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the various embodiments and examples detailed herein in connection with various aspects of the invention may be applicable to one or more aspects disclosed herein. It should be further noted that any embodiment described herein, for example, related to the composite material, may be applied separately or in various combinations. Various embodiments and aspects of the present invention as delineated hereinabove and as claimed in the claims section below find experimental support in the following examples. The phrases "in another embodiment" or any refence made to embodiment as used herein do not necessarily refer to different embodiment, although it may. Thus, various embodiments of the invention can be combined (from the same or from different aspects) without departing from the scope of the invention.
SOME NON-LIMITING EXAMPLES Example 1: Characterization of different pigments Different pigments were embedded in a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) having a width of about 50 microns and tested for UV-Vis-NIR transmissionu0001 u0001and FTIR transmission.
The following pigments were tested with the color indicated in brackets: Lead sulfide (PbS), cobalt zinc oxide green (cobalt blue, blue), chrome antimony titanate rutile (spinel orange, orange), prussian blue (blue), chromium oxide (green), bismuth oxide (yellow), and cobalt blue (blue).
Fig. 1 shows UV-Vis-NIR transmission of PTFE comprising different pigments.
As can be seen from Fig. 1 , each one of the pigments showed an absorption (where transmission drops) at a different wavelength below 750nm that is indicative of the coloraside of graphite that completely blocks the light. The results of Fig. 1 show that the tested pigments have acceptable levels of absorption when embedded in PTFE at a different wavelength below 750nm.
Fig. 2shows FTIR transmission of PTFE comprising different pigments.
The results in Fig. 2 show that the tested pigments have high levels of transmission in the atmospheric window 500-1000 cm-1. The transmission in the atmospheric window is an important characteristic of the pigment functional in the product, as it allows cooling (thermal radiation) to pass through the polymer and pigment and does not radiate its own heat into the layer.
Example 2: Calculation of thermal R value Thermal resistance was measured on a system comprising stack of layers, each layer comprising a PTFE layer and an aluminum layer. The PTFE layer was adhered to the aluminum layer using an adhesion layer comprising polyvinyl butyral (PVB) (thickness of 10 microns). Thermal resistance was measured under conditions applying temperature differences of around 5°C and around 10°C.
Initially, thermal stability was measured on a stack of three layers, each one comprising PTFE and aluminum and with time on a stack of two layers and finally on a single layer. Two separate measurements were conducted, each one shown in different colors that reflect the uncertainty in the resistance, that is higher in the stack of three layers.
As can be seen from Fig. 3 , the decrease in the number of layers (3, 2 and 1) resulted in a reduction in the thermal resistance. The difference measured between each stack (indicted by the value denoted in Y) provides an estimate of the resistance of a single layer.
Thermal conductivity can be determined from the measured heat flux [q] in W/m^2 and the temperature difference [DT] in C, the specific thermal resistance [r] was calculated by: r=DT/q in m^2K/W.
The thermal resistance is then divided by the sample thickness [t] in m and then inverted to estimate [k]: K = (r/t)^-1 in W/m/K The results of this measurements show that the thermal conductivity of a system comprising the polymer and the reflector is around 0.075 W/mK. This value suggests that each layer is very insulative, which should allow the least amount of heat to be conducted from the absorbing color layer to the cooler bottom.

Claims (26)

- 21 - CLAIMS:
1. A composite material comprising a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer of said plurality of layers comprises a polymeric material and at least one layer of said plurality of layers is or comprises a reflective material, wherein at least one layer that comprises said polymeric material comprises at least one colorant.
2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein said at least one layer that comprises a polymeric material is the same as said at least one layer that comprises a reflective material.
3. The composite material of claim 1, wherein said at least one layer that comprises a polymeric material is different than said at least one layer that comprises a reflective material.
4. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising said plurality of layers in a stacked configuration.
5. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a thickness of at least about 0.1mm.
6. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a thickness of between about 0.35mm and about 3mm.
7. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said at least one colorant is at least partially embedded within said at least one layer comprising said polymeric material.
8. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said at least one colorant is positioned on top of said at least one layer comprising said polymeric material.
9. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said at least one layer comprising said polymeric material comprising said at least one colorant is the top layer of said composite material.
10. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said at least one layer comprising said polymeric material comprising said at least one colorant is exposed to the environment. - 22 -
11. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein said colorant is at least one of nano pigment, micro-pigment, plasmonic nanoparticle, fluorescence material or any combination thereof.
12. The composite material of claim 11, wherein said at least one nano pigment or micro-pigment is at least one or more of or more of bismuth oxide, Chromium Oxide (Cr 2O 3), PbS, Prussian Blue (Fe 4[Fe(CN) 6] 3), Spinel Orange (Chrome Antimony titanite buff rutile (Ti,Cr,Sb)O2), cobalt blue , Cobalt green bluish A (CoZnO–cobalt zinc oxide),Verdigris-synthetic (Cu(CH 3COO) 2·[Cu(OH) 2]3·2H2O), Spinel green (Cobalt Titanate Green Spinel, Co/Ti/Ni/Zn Oxide), spinel yellow (NiTiO 3), Caput Mortuum reddish(Mixture of natural barium sulphate (BaSO4) and iron oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4)), Cinnabar (HgS) , Mars Black (FeO, Fe 2O 3).
13. The composite material of claim 11, wherein said plasmonic nanoparticle is or comprises at least one of silver, gold, aluminum, copper, nickel or any combination thereof.
14. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein said polymeric material is or comprises a porous polymer, an encasing polymer or any combination thereof.
15. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein said polymeric material is or comprises a transparent polymer.
16. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein said polymer is one or more of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), high density polyethylene (HDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), polypropylene copolymer (CPP), polypropylene homopolymer (HPP), random polypropylene copolymer (RPP), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polyethylene (PE), polymethylpentene (PMP), polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyethersulfone (PES), polyurethane (PU), PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and any mixture or derivative thereof. - 23 -
17. The composite material of claim 1, wherein said reflective material is or comprises a metal.
18. The composite material of claim 17, wherein said metal is or comprises aluminum or silver.
19. The composite material of claim 1, wherein said reflective material is or comprises one or more of a polymer, ceramic; SiN, SiO2, diamond, diamond like carbon (DLC).
20. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein said at least one layer comprising said reflective material is positioned between said at least one layer comprising said polymeric material and a surface.
21. The composite material of claim 20, wherein said surface is of a building material, a roofing material, a wearing article.
22. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 21, having thermal conductivity values of between about 0.02 W/mK and about 0.3 W/mK.
23. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 22 incorporated in textile.
24. The composite material of any one of claims 1 to 22 for use as an insulation material.
25. An article of manufacture comprising the composite material of any one of claims to 22.
26. A cooling apparatus comprising the composite material of any one of claims 1 to 22.
IL309367A 2023-12-13 2023-12-13 Composite material and uses thereof IL309367A (en)

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JP7350397B2 (en) * 2020-02-03 2023-09-26 イーイノテック グループ、インコーポレイテッド Temperature regulating articles used on the exterior of buildings
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EP3954741B1 (en) * 2020-08-11 2023-11-29 Korea University Research and Business Foundation Radiative cooling device
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US20210001611A1 (en) * 2017-09-27 2021-01-07 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Decorative sheet and decorative material using same
EP3946932A1 (en) * 2019-03-27 2022-02-09 Saint-Gobain Glass France Laminated glazing reflecting infrared
WO2023100186A1 (en) * 2021-12-02 2023-06-08 Solcold Ltd. Apparatus for amplifying cooling via interaction with electromagnetic radiation and anti-stokes fluorescence

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