IL300483A - Compact recirculation region of a recirculation fuel cell device - Google Patents

Compact recirculation region of a recirculation fuel cell device

Info

Publication number
IL300483A
IL300483A IL300483A IL30048323A IL300483A IL 300483 A IL300483 A IL 300483A IL 300483 A IL300483 A IL 300483A IL 30048323 A IL30048323 A IL 30048323A IL 300483 A IL300483 A IL 300483A
Authority
IL
Israel
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
dehumidifier
fuel cell
housing
heat
Prior art date
Application number
IL300483A
Other languages
Hebrew (he)
Original Assignee
Thyssenkrupp Marine Sys Gmbh
Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thyssenkrupp Marine Sys Gmbh, Thyssenkrupp Ag filed Critical Thyssenkrupp Marine Sys Gmbh
Publication of IL300483A publication Critical patent/IL300483A/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0208—Other waste gases from fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/08—Propulsion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 1 Compact recirculation region of a recirculation fuel cell device The invention relates to a dehumidifier for use in the recirculation region of a recirculation fuel cell.
Fuel cells serve to generate power by controlled conversion at anode and cathode, where the reactants are protected from one another against direct conversion. Fuel cells are used, for example, in non-nuclear submarines for outside air-independent power supply.
In order to achieve particularly high yields, fuel cells may be used in cascaded or recirculating form.
One example of a fuel cell device which can preferably be used on board a submarine is known from DE 10 2016 219 523 A1, which describes a fuel cell device of modular construction.
In the region of the recirculation fuel cell, a particularly important factor is also how to handle the water present and formed in the process. Especially in the case of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEM fuel cells), a high moisture content of the entering gases is advantageous in order to assure the lifetime of the PEM. The reaction of hydrogen and oxygen gives rise to water during operation, which has to be removed from the process.
DE 10 2015 209 802 A1 discloses a recirculation fuel cell apparatus with recirculation of the process water.
DE 10 2015 209 804 A1 discloses a recirculation fuel cell apparatus with adjustable release of gases to the environment.
Dehumidification is also necessary since, in order to compensate for the pressure drop in the recirculation region, it is necessary to provide a compressor in order to compensate for the difference in pressure. In this context, specifically hydrogen is more difficult to compress owing to its low molecular weight. At the same time, droplet formation (with an thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 extremely high density compared to hydrogen gas) in the compressor would lead to high technical challenges. The gas stream must thus be correspondingly dehumidified to such an extent that there is no condensation during the compression.
At the same time, specifically in a submarine, there is always the challenge of managing with the small amount of space available owing to the high integration density.
It is an object of the invention to provide a very compact recirculation region for a fuel cell device that reliably prevents condensation in the compressor.
This object is achieved by a dehumidifier having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments are apparent from the dependent claims, the description which follows, and the drawings.
The dehumidifier of the invention has a housing. The housing surrounds the components of the dehumidifier, and there is a connected interior within the housing of the dehumidifier. The dehumidifier has at least a first heat exchanger and at least a second heat exchanger within the housing. The at least one first heat exchanger is disposed beneath the at least one second heat exchanger. A gas stream thus flows successively through the two heat exchangers. The second heat exchanger is fluidically connected downstream of the first heat exchanger in series. Moreover, the gas, as it flows through, does not leave the housing between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The gas stream flows through the at least one first heat exchanger from the bottom upward, and the gas stream flows through the at least one second heat exchanger from the bottom upward. The at least one first heat exchanger is designed to cool the gas stream, and the at least one second heat exchanger is designed to heat the gas stream. A water storage means is disposed beneath the at least one first heat exchanger in the housing.
A heat exchanger is designed to heat or cool a gas stream in that the heat exchanger is connected to a source of a heat transfer medium at appropriate temperature. For example, the first heat exchanger is connected at the upper end to a source of a cold heat transfer medium, which exits in heated form at the lower end. The second heat thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 3exchanger is connected at the upper end to a source of a hot heat transfer medium, which exits in cooled form at the lower end. In idealized form, the heat transfer medium cooled in the second heat exchanger, which exits at the lower end of the second heat exchanger, can be supplied at the upper end in the first heat exchanger. Once the heat transfer medium has been heated in the first heat exchanger, the heated heat transfer medium that exits at the lower end of the first heat exchanger can be fed to the second heat exchanger at the upper end. Since, however, heat losses and heat of condensation, for example, have the effect that purely passive guiding regularly does not function, the heat transfer medium may be guided, for example, between the lower end of the second heat exchanger by means of a cooling apparatus to the upper end of the first heat exchanger. It is likewise possible for the heat transfer medium to be guided between the lower end of the first heat exchanger by means of a heating apparatus to the upper end of the second heat exchanger.
By virtue of this arrangement, the water which condenses out in the first heat exchanger is already removed in the first heat exchanger and is guided downward by gravity into the water storage means, in countercurrent to the gas stream. This means that, by contrast with the separate execution to date, it is possible to dispense with a water separator disposed between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The heat exchangers are advantageously arranged relative to one another such that the air that exits from the first heat exchanger can directly enter the second heat exchanger, covering a short distance. Deflection of the air stream then preferably does not take place. Also enabled thereby is a very compact design.
In the lower region of the dehumidifier, preferably below the at least one first dehumidifier and above the water storage means, is an inlet for the gas to be dehumidified, for example and with preference for the gas mixture exiting from one side of a recirculation fuel cell.
In the upper region is an outlet for the dehumidified gas, for example for connection to a compressor.
In a further embodiment of the invention, cooling fluid flows through the at least one first heat exchanger in countercurrent. thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 In a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one first heat exchanger is designed as a plate heat exchanger.
In a further embodiment of the invention, two first heat exchangers are arranged directly one top of another. This achieves modularization.
In a further embodiment of the invention, two second heat exchangers are arranged directly one on top of another. This achieves modularization.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are of identical design. This simplifies production via uniformity of the components.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the housing of the dehumidifier has a rectangular outline. More preferably, the height of the dehumidifier is greater than the width and depth of the dehumidifier. This optimizes dehumidification.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the housing has a broadening in the region of the water storage means. In this way, it is possible for the housing to have an L shape. The broadening in the lower region achieves two effects. Firstly, the volume for the water storage means is increased. This may be advantageous when, depending on the situation, no water can be removed, but the fuel cell is continuing to produce water continuously. A greater volume thus increases the size of the time reserves for further operation of a fuel cell under severe conditions. Secondly, the broadened shape may be advantageous in the case of use in watercraft, where, for example, there is no constant position of the water storage means and hence of the water surface in the water storage means as a result of the motion of the sea or other movements of the boat.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the water storage means has a water outlet connection in order to be able to release the water, for example, to humidifiers or to discharge it from the process. thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 5In a further embodiment of the invention, the dehumidifier has at least two fill level sensors in the water storage means. Specifically in the case of use in a watercraft, it is advisable to provide at least two, preferably three or four, water level sensors in order to know the local water level even in an oblique position, for example when heeling.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the dehumidifier has at least two inlets for the gas to be dehumidified, wherein the inlets are disposed beneath the first heat exchanger, preferably disposed in the water storage means, at the upper end of the water storage means or between the water storage means and the first heat exchanger. The inlets for the gas to be dehumidified are each connected to an outlet on the fuel cell, and are arranged in such a way that, in an oblique position of the boat, at least one outlet on the fuel cell enables gas flow into the dehumidifier. It may be the case here that the inlet into the dehumidifier is arranged on the same side of the housing of the dehumidifier as the outlet on the housing of the fuel cell. In this arrangement, unhindered flow of water is always freely possible through the respectively higher connection. Alternatively, it may be the case that two inlet tubes are arranged within the water storage means such that the openings lie above the water level in a straight position, and the tubes are connected to the outlets of the fuel cell such that, in an oblique position, the lower-lying outlet of the fuel cell is connected to the opening from one of the outlet tubes that is then higher. This has the advantage that, in an oblique position, water can simultaneously also be discharged from the fuel cell together with the starting gas, and no additional dehumidification need be undertaken.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger is designed as a plate heat exchanger, wherein the plate heat exchanger has dividing walls. The dividing walls divide regions for a gaseous heat-releasing medium and a heat-absorbing cooling fluid. The heat exchanger has first regions between the dividing walls for a gaseous heat-releasing medium and second regions between the dividing walls for a heat-absorbing cooling fluid, wherein the first regions and the second regions are separated by a multitude of dividing walls. A multitude of dividing walls is preferably 5 to 200 dividing walls, more preferably to 50 dividing walls. First regions and second regions are arranged alternately between every two adjacent dividing walls. Thus, each heat-releasing region adjoins a heat­absorbing region, separated by dividing wall. With the exception of the two outermost thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 6regions, each region adjoins the corresponding region on either side, such that optimal heat transfer is possible. The heat exchanger has a cooling fluid inlet and a cooling fluid outlet. A cooling fluid distribution region is disposed between the cooling fluid inlet and the second regions. The gaseous medium flows through the heat exchanger from the bottom upward; the cooling fluid flows through the heat exchanger from the top downward. This is therefore a countercurrent heat exchanger.
For example and with preference, the cooling fluid inlet is disposed laterally at the upper edge of the heat exchanger. Further preferably, the cooling fluid inlet is disposed in the center at the upper edge of the heat exchanger. The cooling fluid distribution region divides the cooling fluid stream into a first substream and a second substream, with the first substream and the second substream being guided laterally in opposite directions. In flow direction of the cooling fluid, one substream is thus deflected to the right and the other to the left. This division into two substreams already achieves a first homogenization since each substream has to be distributed uniformly only to half of the second regions. The cooling fluid distribution region has at least a first connecting region and a second connecting region, wherein the first connecting region guides the cooling fluid from the first substream and the second connecting region the cooling fluid from the second substream into the second regions. The openings between the connecting regions and the second regions are of different size. The size is adjusted here such that the same amount of cooling fluid flows into each second region in the same period of time.
One of the most important challenges for achievement of high efficiency is that uniform distribution of the cooling fluid and hence very optimal heat transfer is possible at all points. Therefore, specifically maximum uniformity of distribution of the cooling fluid to the second regions is one of the key factors for efficient and space-saving heat transfer.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the second liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger. The the second liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected, for example and especially directly, to the first liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger. Alternatively, the the second liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected, for example and especially via a cooling device, to the first liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger. thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 In a further embodiment of the invention, the first liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the second liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger. The the first liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected, for example and especially directly, to the second liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger. Alternatively, the the first liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected, for example and especially by a heating device, to the second liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger.
In a further embodiment of the invention, at least a first flow body is disposed between the first substream and the first connecting region, and at least a second flow body is disposed between the second substream and the second connecting region. A flow body serves to divide and to deflect the liquid stream. For example and with preference, at least two first flow bodies are disposed between the first substream and the first connecting region, and at least two flow bodies are disposed between the second substream and the second connecting region. This enables further division and better distribution of the cooling fluid stream. More preferably, three first flow bodies are disposed between the first substream and the first connecting region, and three second flow bodies are disposed between the second substream and the second connecting region. This enables further division and better distribution of the cooling fluid stream.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the first substream and the first connecting region run parallel alongside one another, and the second substream and the second connecting region run parallel alongside one another. This enables a particularly compact design.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the first connecting region and the second connecting region are connected directly to one another for fluidic purposes. The two connecting regions may also merge entirely into one another.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the two regions have at least three essentially horizontal deflecting walls, where the deflecting walls extend over 50% to 85% of the width of the second regions. The uppermost deflecting wall is on the side of the cooling fluid distribution region, and the deflecting walls begin alternately from the opposite sides thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 8at the outer walls of the second regions, so as to result in a looping flow through the second region for the cooling fluid. Corner elements are disposed between each deflecting wall and the outer walls of the second region, wherein the angle between the corner element and the deflecting wall is not more than 45° and the angle between the corner element and the outer wall is not more than 45°.
If the corner element is in a triangular shape, the corner element is preferably an equilateral triangle having one angle of exactly 45° and one angle of 90°.
Horizontal is level if the heat exchanger is disposed on a flat surface. What is meant by essentially horizontal is an arrangement deviating from the horizontal by not more than ± 15°, preferably by not more than ± 10°, preferably by not more than ± 5°.
The use of corner elements has two technical benefits. Firstly, the avoidance of relatively large angles avoids formation of regions from which powder disposed in the interior in the case of production by means of additive manufacturing methods is not removable. Secondly, dead regions for flow purposes are thus avoided.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the cooling fluid inlet has a droplet-shaped cross section. This also serves to achieve elevated stability in this region in the case of manufacture by means of additive manufacturing techniques.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the first regions have baffle plates, wherein the baffle plates are arranged at right angles to the dividing walls. The baffle plates are spaced apart from one another. Moreover, the baffle plates are arranged one on top of another in a zigzag and the zigzag rows of the baffle plates are arranged alongside one another. The side walls of the baffle plates have an angle with the dividing wall of not more than 45°.
The baffle plates firstly have the effect that the flow of the gaseous heat-releasing medium is slightly extended and hence the contact area is improved. Secondly, the baffle plates enable downward removal of water separated out in the course of cooling of the gaseous medium along the baffle plates. thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 The baffle plates preferably have an angle to the vertical of 10° to 30°, with departure of baffle plates arranged one on top of another from the vertical in opposite directions.
The angle of 45° leads firstly to an optimal manufacturing opportunity in the additive manufacturing process, especially optimal removal of powder residues. Secondly, the geometry is found to be positive for removal of condensed water.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the baffle plates are each arranged in pairs opposite one another on the respective dividing walls, with the opposite baffle plates connected to one another in the middle between the dividing walls. These connections, as well as optimized conduction of gas and optimized removal of condensate, also increase the mechanical stability of the heat exchanger.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the gaseous heat-releasing medium is moisture- saturated, such that there is condensation of water during the cooling in the first heat exchanger. Thus, the condensate flows in the opposite direction from the flow direction of the gaseous medium. This arrangement makes it possible to dispense with a downstream water separator, which reduces the amount of space required overall.
In a further aspect, the invention relates to a fuel cell device comprising at least one dehumidifier of the invention. More preferably, the fuel cell device has with at least two dehumidifiers of the invention: one for the anode side and one for the cathode side.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the housing of the dehumidifier is designed as a load-bearing element of the housing of the fuel cell device. Typically, the components of a fuel cell device are installed in a housing with a fixed load-bearing frame (rack). On account of the size and shape, which preferably extends from the bottom upward, the housing of the dehumidifier may be designed as a load-bearing element and hence as a constituent of the load-bearing frame. This is favored in that, for example, the fuel cells (often designed as stacks) have to be exchanged comparatively less frequently. Equally, for example, a compressor is optimally removable readily and rapidly, for example for maintenance purposes or for exchange. The dehumidifier does not have any moving parts thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 10and is therefore subject to wear to a distinctly lesser degree by comparison with a compressor, for example. A dehumidifier likewise does not have, for example, a sensitive membrane, like a PEM fuel cell for example, and therefore likewise has to be exchanged comparatively rarely. Therefore, integration as a load-bearing element into a frame, which makes the installation very difficult, is achievable for a dehumidifier. The housing of the dehumidifier may be arranged such that the load-bearing frame of the housing of the fuel cell device can be secured to the housing of the dehumidifier, and the housing of the fuel cell device rests thereon. More preferably, an outer face of the housing of the dehumidifier here concludes flush with the outer face of the housing of the fuel cell device. In that case, the outer face of the housing of the dehumidifier forms the outer face of the housing of the fuel cell device.
In a further aspect, the invention relates to a submarine comprising at least one fuel cell device of the invention.
The dehumidifier of the invention is elucidated in detail hereinafter by working examples shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 dehumidifierFig. 2 dehumidifier with modular heat exchangersFig. 3 L-shaped dehumidifier Fig. 1 shows a first humidifier 10. The humidifier has a housing 20, and the housing has a rectangular shape (tower). A water storage means 50 is disposed at the bottom of the housing 20. Separated water collects in the water storage means 50 and can be removed via one or both water outlets 52. The dehumidifier preferably has two water outlets 52 on opposite sides, in order that removal of water is possible even in an oblique position. Above the water storage means 50, gas is introduced via a gas inlet 60, for example and especially the gas from a fuel cell, which is especially part of a recirculation fuel cell apparatus, leaving gas. The gas flows upward into the first heat exchanger 30, in which the gas is cooled and moisture is condensed out. The water flows downward in countercurrent to the gas and drips into the water storage means 50. The cooled gas leaving the first heat exchanger 30 continues to flow upward and is heated again in the thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 11second heat exchanger. Subsequently, the gas leaves the dehumidifier 10 through the gas outlet 70, for example to a compressor in which the pressure is increased in order to feed it back on the inlet side of the fuel cell.
In the first heat exchanger 30, a cooling liquid enters at the first liquid inlet 32 and exits again at the first liquid outlet 34. In the second heat exchanger 40, a liquid enters at the second liquid inlet 42 and exits again at the second liquid outlet 44, where the liquid is generally the same liquid as the cooling liquid, just with a higher temperature. Theoretically, the liquid can be circulated, in which case the liquid from the second liquid outlet 44 of the second heat exchanger 40 is guided into the first liquid inlet 32 of the first heat exchanger 30 and from the first liquid outlet 34 of the first heat exchanger 30 into the second liquid inlet 42 of the second heat exchanger 40, and additional heat sources and heat sinks are required for startup processes in particular.
The second dehumidifier 10 shown in fig. 2 differs from the first dehumidifier 10 shown in fig. 1 in that two first heat exchangers 30 are placed one on top of another in a modular assembly, as are two second heat exchangers 40. This enables simpler modular manufacture, especially in the case of heat exchanger 30, 40 that are additively manufactured. More preferably, the first heat exchangers 30 and the second heat exchangers 40 are of identical design in order that only one element is required here, which is installed identically twice. This simplifies both production and the provision of replacement parts, and also maintenance.
The third dehumidifier 10 shown in fig. 3 differs from the second humidifier 10 shown in fig. 2 by an L shape, which leads to a flatter broader water storage means 50, which is advantageous especially on account of the motion of the sea.
Reference numeralsdehumidifierhousingfirst heat exchangerfirst liquid inletfirst liquid outlet 200411P10WO10.08.2021 thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG 40 second heat exchangersecond liquid inletsecond liquid outletwater storage means52 water outletgas inletgas outletconnecting piece

Claims (9)

thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.2021 Claims
1. A dehumidifier (10), wherein the dehumidifier (10) has a housing (20), wherein the dehumidifier (10) has at least a first heat exchanger (30) and at least a second heat exchanger within the housing (20), wherein the at least one first heat exchanger (30) is disposed beneath the at least one second heat exchanger such that a gas stream can flow through the two heat exchangers successively, wherein the gas stream flows through the at least one first heat exchanger (30) from the bottom upward, wherein the gas stream flows through the at least one second heat exchanger from the bottom upward, wherein the at least one first heat exchanger (30) is designed to cool the gas stream, wherein the at least one second heat exchanger is designed to heat the gas stream, wherein a water storage means (50) is disposed beneath the at least one first heat exchanger (30) in the housing (20).
2. The dehumidifier (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in thatcooling fluid flows through the at least one first heat exchanger (30) in countercurrent.
3. The dehumidifier (10) as claimed in either of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe at least one first heat exchanger (30) is designed as a plate heat exchanger.
4. The dehumidifier (10) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe housing (20) of the dehumidifier (10) has a rectangular outline.
5. The dehumidifier (10) as claimed in claim 4, characterized in thatthe housing (20) has a broadening in the region of the water storage means (50).
6. The dehumidifier (10) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe dehumidifier (10) has at least two fill level sensors in the water storage means (50).
7. A fuel cell device having at least one dehumidifier (10) as claimed in any of the preceding claims. thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbHthyssenkrupp AG200411P10WO10.08.20218.
8.The fuel cell device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in thatthe housing (20) of the dehumidifier (10) is designed as a supporting element of the fuel cell device.
9. A submarine having at least one fuel cell device as claimed in either of claims 7and 8.
IL300483A 2020-08-19 2021-08-11 Compact recirculation region of a recirculation fuel cell device IL300483A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020210532.4A DE102020210532B3 (en) 2020-08-19 2020-08-19 Compact recirculation area of a recirculation fuel cell device
PCT/EP2021/072350 WO2022038010A1 (en) 2020-08-19 2021-08-11 Compact recirculation region of a recirculation fuel cell device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
IL300483A true IL300483A (en) 2023-04-01

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IL300483A IL300483A (en) 2020-08-19 2021-08-11 Compact recirculation region of a recirculation fuel cell device

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EP (1) EP4200059A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102020210532B3 (en)
IL (1) IL300483A (en)
WO (1) WO2022038010A1 (en)

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DE102022201290A1 (en) 2022-02-08 2023-08-10 Thyssenkrupp Ag heat exchanger
DE102022201289A1 (en) 2022-02-08 2023-08-10 Thyssenkrupp Ag Flow-optimized plate heat exchanger

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