IL271167B1

IL271167B1 - Multi-stage dental dental implant

Info

Publication number: IL271167B1
Application number: IL271167A
Authority: IL
Inventors: Hatuel Czuckermann Lydia; ldan Czuckermann; Czuckermann Matan; Niran Czuckermann
Original assignee: Hatuel Czuckermann Lydia; ldan Czuckermann; Czuckermann Matan; Niran Czuckermann
Priority date: 2019-12-04
Filing date: 2019-12-04
Publication date: 2023-07-01
Also published as: IL271167B2; IL271167A

Description

271167/ Pg.

NAME OF THE INVENTION Multi-Stage Dental Implant. FIELD OF THE INVENTION This disclosure relates generally to the field of medical devices. More specific, the present disclosure relates to implants, distinctly to dental implants. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Biological structure replacement such as dental implants also known as endosseous implants, are medical devices that interfaces with the jaw bone or skull to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, facial prosthesis or to act as an orthodontic anchor. The common practice of applying a dental implant is to drill a hole in the bone and insert the implant fixture in place so it will osseointegrate by making an intimate bond to the bone. For a healthy bone, it will take a variable amount of healing time to osseointegrate before completing the medical process. Prior art existing in the field are mainly concerned with means to affect the surgical operation and getting the implant to the desired position in order to accelerate the acceptation of functional loading, e.g. the forces of chewing food: US006863530B2 Expandable Polymer Dental Implant and Method of Use - an expandable polymer sheath suitable for placement within a jawbone. The sheath serves as an artificial periodontal membrane. A rigid implant is inserted within the polymer sheath and causes expansion of the polymer sheath when fitted within the sheath. Nevertheless, the expandable polymer membrane absorbs a substantial portion of the pressure applied by the rigid implant, moreover US4854873 Oral Implant established the conclusion that threading the implant in the bone may provide more stability than a press-fit attachment. US5931674 Expanding Dental Implant - includes projecting fins that press into and engage cancellous bone section surrounding the barrel body by upward movement of the expander screw, the same as US5470230 Anatomical Dental Implant with Expandable Root – a hollow bottom sleeve split into multiple segments spread by an expander member moving upward in the direction of the tooth surface. Other similar prior arts are EP07804787NWB1 Expandable Dental Implants of High Surface Area and Methods of Expanding the Same and WO2003055403AExpandable Dental Implant. Similar result is achieved by their mate US5489210 Expanding Dental Implant and Method for its Use – a barrel pierced about its insertion end by a plurality of radial slits spaced circumferentially and spread by an expander screw moving downward in the direction of the bone. All mentioned prior art draw the inspiration from concrete anchor bolt systems as described in US2525198 Bolt Anchor, US20100135743AAnchor Stud and Method of Forming an Anchor Stud, US9003633 Concrete Anchor Bolt and Tool and Method for Installing, US3855896 Wedge Anchor, US6829871 Wedge Anchor for Concrete, EP2863073A1 Expansible anchor with partially high-strength expansion sleeve, and others. The drawback of expandable fins is by creating an unsealed implant structure that allow bone tissue to build and cluster inside the implant, thus restraining the ability of manipulation with the implant fixture after an amount of time. The article Novel Expandable Short Dental Implants in Situations with Reduced Vertical Bone Height—Technical Note and First Results (2017) Waldemar Reich et al, revealed a partial solution using Pyramidion implants with flexible membrane on the perimeter having the role of reducing the total pressure on the surrounding bone by folding inward after reaching maximum expansion. Neverless, the revealed structure is not MULTI – STAGE DENTAL IMPLANT 271167/ Pg. sealed intact and the major flaw in the concept is that bone tissue is not flexible, therefore while the membrane folds inward due its flexibility, it leaves a gap with the previously compressed bone. Prior art DE29708732U1 resemble the concept of the current disclosure to enhance the grip into the bone, however the mechanism there enable the operation only at the bottom part of the implant thus having a very low efficiency due the large mechanical moment created between the force contact area at the top of the implant to it's bottom. Additionally, ITAN20130090A1 is an improvement over the last mentioned DE29708732U1 enabling circumferential extractable radial pins over the entire length of the implant. However, both prior arts have the drawback of trusting the radial pins into the bone by pressure, only at a defined rate - either determined by a fixed size ejection body (fixture per DE29708732U1) or by an expeller plug (fixture T per ITAN20130090A1) - without the ability to perform multiple occurrences, nor the ability to control the thrust force applied to the pins, nor the possibility to push the pins by drilling action. Moreover, both mentioned disclosures use an inefficient mechanism designated to push the radial pins outside the implant casing by applying force parallel to implant axis that is diverted vertically. Since it was established that threading result in improved stability over press-fit attachment, the orientation of implant technology developed in the direction of mixing concrete anchor and steel thread technologies. Granting the concept may be adopted for the first stage of implant insertion into the bone, the time factor evolve different for inert materials like concrete or metal than for living tissue like bone, for which aging lead to loosing bone density – osteoporosis. Although osseointegration is a treatment mechanism that affects the surface of the implant while osteoporosis affects the entire bone structure, for the purpose of bone fuse to the implant, the two-mechanism work as an antidote to each other and the firm grip that is gained in a healthy bone by osseointegration is lost in time by osteoporosis. Therefore, exist a need in the art for a way to overcome the osteoporosis deterioration of the implant firm grip to the bone, achieved by the osseointegration. A partial relevant prior art list is given thereby: US3466748A Anchor screw for dental prosthesis CA1311948C Submergible screw-type dental implant DE69734466T2 Dental implant system for anatomical restoration of posterior and anterior teeth AU740104B2 Combination distraction dental implant and method of use US4713004A Submergible screw-type dental implant and method of utilization US5989028A Non-submergible, one-part, root-form endosseous dental implants EP0670699B1 Dental implant EP2008613B1 Dental implant US5073111A Anatomical restoration dental implant system US7845945B2 Anchoring element for use in bone EP0237505B1 Anchoring member for permanent anchorage in bone tissue CN103961185B Dental implant US5302127A Dental implant stress stabilizer US4872840A Dental implant and method US6312258B1 Kit for immediate post-extraction implantation 271167/ Pg.

US5302126A Dental implant with adjustable post EP2172166B1 Modified dental implant US5795160A Tapered dental implant in a stepped orifice US9271812B2 Modified dental implant fixture US5316476A Dental implant with a longitudinally grooved cylindrical surface US4960381A Screw-type dental implant anchor US6431866B2 Heal in-place abutment system EP0423798B2 Anatomical restoration dental implant system and healing cap US4854873A Oral implant US6887275B2 Maxillofacial anchoring system for alveolar and small bone skeletal distraction SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Dental implant is a medical fixture inserted and fuse with the bone by osseointegration for bearing the load of a dental prosthetic – crown, tooth, bridge or denture. Time cause aging to living tissues that express among others in loss of bone density as evolve in osteoporosis. Therefore, after the implant served decently its purpose an amount of time, it starts to lose the firm grip consequently requiring a means to reestablish the firm anchoring.

Osteoporosis associated with loss of bone density, create around the surface of the implant incremental pores, therefore a pin located inside the insert, can be pushed out into the bone, thus renewing the implant firm grip. The present disclosure provides a novel means to prolong the lifetime of the proposed implant device by expansion of the pre-located internal pins. During the lifetime of the newly disclosure, the pin expansion procedure can be applied several times according the pin length. All parts and components of the disclosure need to conform medical device regulations and those in contact with bone need to osseointegrate with the bone as titanium for instance. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 display a graphical illustrative representation of the suggested process – it is to emphasize that linear process displayed is only for explanation: ti - is the time of initial implant insertion into the bone. fi - is the strength of the implant at time ti. tl - is the time at which the grip of the implant reached a strength level that can bear comestible chewing forces. Prior art in the field is mainly concerned in shortening this time to nearly null, meaning full load immediately after the operation of inserting the dental implant. fl - is the admissible load that can bear masticatory chewing forces. tm - is the time at maximal grip strength achieved by osseointegration. fm - is the maximal grip strength of the implant. to - is the time representing the age at which bone deterioration begins by osteoporosis or other mechanism. ts - is the time for the second phase of reinforcing the implant strenght proposed herein to take place. 271167/ Pg. fs - is the grip strength of the implant, recommended for the proposed procedure. It is to specify that the value can be slightly under, but preferably above fl - the admissible load that can bear masticatory chewing forces. tfn – is the time at which common prior art in the field would get to implant system failure. ff – is the grip strength of the implant at which the system will fail being under fl - the admissible load that can bear masticatory chewing forces. tfs – is the time at which the suggested disclosure would get to implant system failure. It is vividly seen that tfs is greater than tfn. x1+ - indicate there could be more than one grip strength reinforcement cycle possible. Fig. 2 is an overall view of the disclosure. Part 1 is the Implant. Part 2 is the Pin Drive. Part 3 is the Anchoring Pin. Part 4 is a Sustaining Surface being either embedded in the Pin Drive herein Part 2or an independent part. Fig. 3 is a detailed description of the Implant herein Part 1 . Fixture 1a is the Head area. Fixture 1b is the Body area having a circumferential thread and cavities fitting the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 . Fixture 1a1 is the Head area external perimeter, serving as base platform for the dental structure abutment applied afterwards at more advanced stage of the medical procedure – it can be either smooth or threaded. Fixture 1a2 is the Head area internal perimeter, serving as base platform for the dental structure abutment applied afterwards at more advanced stage of the medical procedure – it can be either smooth or threaded. Fixture 1a3 is the Head area internal shoulder serving as base for the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fixture 1a4 is the Implant Torque Socket designed to assist the insertion of the Implant herein Part 1 into the bone during the first stage of the medical procedure. Fixture 1b1 is the internal Body area – conforming the assembly of the Pin Drive herein Part 2and the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 . Fig. 4 is a detailed description of the Implant perimetric cavities herein Part 1 , fitting the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 . The cavities sequence arrangement on the Implant perimeter herein Part 1 may vary. Fixture 1b2 is an ordinary round hole fitting a Cylindrical Body Anchoring Pin hereinafter Part 3a,or alike parts.

Fixture 1b3 is an ordinary round hole with an additional mortise fitting a Rotating Track Anchoring Pin hereinafter Part 3b . Fixture 1b4 is a rectangular geometry hole fitting a Rectangular Shape Anchoring Pin hereinafter Part 3d . Fig. 5 is a general description of the Anchoring Pin different versions herein Part 3 . Part 3a is a Cylindrical Body Anchoring Pin as described hereinafter. Part 3b is a Rotating Track Anchoring Pin as described hereinafter. Part 3c is a Motion Limiter Anchoring Pin with a thread like tip as described hereinafter. Part 3d is a Rectangular Shape Anchoring Pin with a thread like tip as described hereinafter. The rectangular shape represents any other shape as long it fit and slide through the Implant perimetric cavities herein Part 1described heretofore. Fig. 6 is a detailed description of the Cylindrical Body Anchoring Pin herein Part 3a . Fixture 3a1 is the cylindrical body. Fixture 3a2 is the tip penetrating the bone, described herein as a sharp cone. Fixture 3a3 is the evolvent contact surface, transferring the penetration motion of the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3to the bone. Fig. 7 is a detailed description of the Rotating Track Anchoring Pin herein Part 3b . Fixture 3b1 is a helical tenon on the cylindrical body perimeter herein Fixture 3a1described in Fig. 6 that fits the mortise on the Implant herein Part 1 and detailed in Fixture 1b3 . Fig. 8 is a detailed description of the Motion Limiter Anchoring Pin herein Part 3c . Fixture 3c1 is a groove on the cylindrical body that prevents rotation during the first stage of inserting the implant into the bone for case the tip matches the threaded perimeter of the implant. Fixture 3c2 is a threaded tip matching the Implant perimeter herein Part 1 . Fig. 9 is a detailed description of the Rectangular Shape Anchoring Pin herein Part 3d that fits the rectangular cavity shape herein Fixture 1b4 . Fixture 3d1 is the top or bottom surface that has to be concurrently parallel to each other. Fixture 3d2 is a side surface that has to align with the opposite surface. Fixture 3d3is the evolvent contact surface, transferring the penetration motion to the bone, similar to Fixture 3a3 . Fixture 3d4is the threaded tip matching the 271167/ Pg.

Implant perimeter herein Part 1 , similar to Fixture 3c2 . Fig. 10 is a detailed description of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fixture 2a is the Pin Drive Head fitting the Implant Head area internal perimeter herein Fixture 1a2 . Fixture 2b is the Pin Drive Torque Socket designed to transmit torque applied by external tools. Fixture 2c is the Pin Drive Shoulder matching the Head area internal shoulder herein Fixture 1a3 . Fixture 2d is the flute shape of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fixture 2d1 is the straight surface coinciding with the Anchoring Pin cylindrical body herein Fixture 3a1 . Fixture 2d2 is the curved surface coinciding with the Anchoring Pin contact surface herein Fixture 3a3 . Fixture 2d3 is the involute surface pushing the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 into the bone. Fixture 2d4 is the Pin Drive External Circumference. Fixture 2e is the Sustaining Surface adjustment herein Part 4 . Fig. 11 is a replica of the disclosed description related in Fig. 10 of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fixture 2d is the flute shape of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 as described herein in Fig. 10 . Fixture 2e is the flute shape of the Pin Drive herein Part 2as described herein in Fig. 10but shifted relative to Fixture 2d by a definite degree. Fig. 12 is another replica of the disclosed description related in Fig. 10 of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fixture 2f is the spiral track leading the flute shape. Fig. 13 is another replica of the disclosed description related in Fig. 10 of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fixture 2g is a double flute shape of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 similar to the previously related Fixture 2din Fig. 10 . Fixture 2h is a restraint tenon fitting the grove of Fixture 3c1 . Fixture 2h1 is the flat surface restraining the rotational motion of the Motion Limiter Anchoring Pin herein Part 3c . Fixture 2h2 is the release curved surface allowing the linear motion of the Motion Limiter Anchoring Pin herein Part 3c into the bone as described hereinafter. Fig. 14 is another replica of the disclosed description related in Fig. 10 of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fixture 2i is the spiral track leading the double flute shape. Fig. 15 is a detailed description of the mortise and tenon mechanism in case the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3has an asymmetrical or threaded tip as of the Motion Limiter Anchoring Pin herein Part 3c which has to sustain a fix position during the first stage of implant insertion into the bone. For simplicity, the mechanism consist only of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 , and the Motion Limiter Anchoring Pin herein Part 3cwithout the Implant herein Part 1 . Detail D represents the anti-clock rotation of the Pin Drive herein Part 2enabled by the release curved surface of the tenon herein Fixture 2h2 . Fig. 16 is a representation of the pin thrust mechanism. On the left side, shown the assembly comprised of the Implant herein Part 1 , the Pin Drive herein Part 2 and a number of Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 at the initial stage of inserting the implant into the bone – before the deterioration caused by loosing of bone density. On the right side, shown the same assembly after applying rotational torque to the Pin Drive herein Part 2 causing a number of Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 to protrude externally from the Implant herein Part 1 into the bone. Fig. 17to Fig. 20 are complementary detailed explanation of the Pin thrust mechanism previously related in Fig. 16 . Fig. 17 is an internal cross-section view of the assembled disclosure at the initial stage of inserting the disclosure into the drilled hole of the jaw. Part 1 is the Implant, Part 2 is the Pin Drive and Part 3 is the Anchoring Pin, fully located within the boundaries of the Implant herein Part 1 . Fixture 17a is an imaginary centerline of the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 coinciding with the cross-section centerline of both the Implant herein Part 1 and the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fig. 18 is an internal cross-section view of the assembled disclosure at the beginning of the second stage of reinstating the implant grip into the bone after decay. Fixture 18a is an imaginary centerline of the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 the same as Fixture 17a . Fixture 18b is the contact point between the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 to the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . In case the above contact point is not coincident with the centerline of the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 , there will develop non-axial forces on the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3. Fig. 19 is an internal cross-section view of the assembled disclosure at intermediate phase of the 271167/ Pg. second stage of reinstating the implant grip into the bone after decay, while the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 is partially inserted into the bone. Fixture 19a is an imaginary centerline of the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 the same as Fixture 17a . Fixture 19b is the contact point between the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 to the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fig. 20 is an internal cross-section view of the assembled disclosure at final phase of the second stage of reinstating the implant grip into the bone after decay while the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 is fully inserted into the bone. Fixture 20a is an imaginary centerline of the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 the same as Fixture 17a . Fixture 20b is the contact point between the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 to the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fig. 21 to Fig. 22 are complementary detailed explanation of the Pin thrust mechanism previously related in Fig. 16 for an alternative suggested disclosure having the centerline of the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 apart from the Pin Drive centerline herein Part 2 . Fig. 21 is the alternative suggested disclosure at initial phase of the second stage of reinstating the implant grip into the bone. Fixture 21d1 is the distance between the Anchoring Pin centerline herein Part 3 to the Pin Drive centerline herein Part 2 . Fixture 21d2 is the distance between two Anchoring Pin's centerline herein Part 3 , creating a wide base for sustaining moments applied by lateral forces caused by chewing. Fig. 22 is the alternative suggested disclosure described herein in Fig. 21 at intermediate phase of the second stage of reinstating the implant grip into the bone. Fixture 22d1 is the protrusion of the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 caused by anti-clockwise rotation of the Pin Drive herein Part 2 . Fig. 23 is an alternative disclosure wherein the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 is inclined to the Pin Drive axis herein Part 2 . Detail H represents an upward inclination of the flute profile. Detail I represents a downward inclination of the flute profile. Fig. 24 is a description of the disclosure mechanism described in Fig. 23 comprising for simplicity purpose only the Pin Drive herein Part 2 and the Anchoring Pin herein Part 3 , excluding the envelope of the Implant herein Part 1 . Stage

Claims

1./ Pg. CLAIMS 1. A dental implant mechanism configured to increase or reinstate a firm grip into a bone immediately or at a later stage – long after a first stage of inserting the implant in place – at least once, enabling the operation to be repeated several times, the implant mechanism comprising: a. an implant (1) comprising a body having a head portion (1a) and a threaded portion adapted for implantation into the bone, said body featuring a central cavity and one or more openings (1b) of different shapes and arrangement, radially disposed and which extend through the threaded portion; b. a pin drive (2) disposed into said internal cylindrical cavity and comprising a torque transferring head (2a) by means of a pin drive torque socket (2b) and a various geometry flute-shaped pin incorporating one or more anchoring pins (3), said anchoring pins configured to fit and slide through the body openings (1b), wherein the arrangement of the one or more anchoring pins relative to the pin drive may be either radial or outspread from a pin drive centerline; c. a sustaining surface (4) either embedded in the pin drive or as an independent part and designed to stabilize said one or more anchoring pins and prevent to collapse inside the pin drive; and wherein the flute-shaped pin is configured to transfer the rotational motion of the pin drive into linear motion of the one or more anchoring pins, thereby causing said anchoring pins to protrude from said one or more openings (1b) of the implant body into the bone by virtue of a torque applied to the pin drive.

2. The dental implant mechanism recited in claim 1 wherein the pin drive (2) has one or more continuous or intermittent straight flutes.

3. The dental implant mechanism recited in claim 1 wherein the pin drive (2) has any combination of straight or helical flutes – either continuous or intermittent.

4. The dental implant mechanism recited in claim 1 wherein the pin drive (2) has one or more - upward or downward -inclined flutes.

5. The dental implant mechanism recited in claim 1 to claim 4 wherein: a. the pin drive (2) has a tenon on the flute thus locking the anchoring pins (3) in place. b. the anchoring pins (3) have a mortise concomitant to the above tenon on the pin drive(2).

6. The dental implant mechanism recited in claim 5 wherein: a. the implant (1) has a cavity on the perimeter, enforcing a drill-like motion to the anchoring pins (3). b. the anchoring pins (3) have a helical tenon concomitant to the above mortise.