IL26721A - Method of making a salt rejecting membrane - Google Patents
Method of making a salt rejecting membraneInfo
- Publication number
- IL26721A IL26721A IL26721A IL2672166A IL26721A IL 26721 A IL26721 A IL 26721A IL 26721 A IL26721 A IL 26721A IL 2672166 A IL2672166 A IL 2672166A IL 26721 A IL26721 A IL 26721A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- dispersible material
- organic
- salt
- nacl
- solution
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 63
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 110
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 53
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-phenylpyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound ClC1=NC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001072 colon Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical class [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020095 MgCl2 a Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001218 Thorium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910006213 ZrOCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001448 anionic polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012223 aqueous fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C(C5=CC=C(OC)C=C5N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconyl chloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)=O IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/14—Dynamic membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/08—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0407—Additives and treatments of the filtering material comprising particulate additives, e.g. adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1216—Pore size
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US50427765A | 1965-10-23 | 1965-10-23 | |
| US50427265A | 1965-10-23 | 1965-10-23 | |
| US50427165A | 1965-10-23 | 1965-10-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IL26721A true IL26721A (en) | 1970-07-19 |
Family
ID=27414253
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL26721A IL26721A (en) | 1965-10-23 | 1966-10-18 | Method of making a salt rejecting membrane |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3449245A (Direct) |
| BE (1) | BE688750A (Direct) |
| ES (1) | ES332639A1 (Direct) |
| GB (1) | GB1135511A (Direct) |
| IL (1) | IL26721A (Direct) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3537988A (en) * | 1968-02-07 | 1970-11-03 | Atomic Energy Commission | Hyperfiltration method of removing organic solute from aqueous solutions |
| US3552574A (en) * | 1969-06-30 | 1971-01-05 | Us Agriculture | Reverse osmosis system |
| US3593852A (en) * | 1969-08-08 | 1971-07-20 | American Cyanamid Co | Reverse osmotic water purification |
| US3670892A (en) * | 1969-11-06 | 1972-06-20 | William Baerg | Reverse osmosis apparatus |
| US3772187A (en) * | 1971-07-14 | 1973-11-13 | D Othmer | Sewage treatment process |
| US3904798A (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1975-09-09 | Celanese Corp | Varying density cartridge filters |
| US3954607A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1976-05-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Permselective membranes of diacyl hydrazide-containing aromatic polymers having selected metals complexed therewith |
| US3926799A (en) * | 1972-10-03 | 1975-12-16 | Us Interior | Support for dynamic membrane |
| US3977967A (en) * | 1973-05-10 | 1976-08-31 | Union Carbide Corporation | Ultrafiltration apparatus and process for the treatment of liquids |
| NL7416645A (nl) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-06-22 | Tno | Dynamisch gevormd membraan. |
| US4013564A (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1977-03-22 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Multipurpose metabolic assist system |
| US4765906A (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1988-08-23 | Epoc Limited | Cross-flow filtration |
| US4762619A (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1988-08-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Method of forming dynamic membrane on stainless steel support |
| AT383217B (de) * | 1985-12-17 | 1987-06-10 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | Einrichtung zum aequilibrieren von kleinen fluessigkeitsmengen |
| US4824574A (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1989-04-25 | The Dow Chemical Company | Novel water softening process using membranes |
| ZA873788B (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1989-04-26 | Water Res Commission | Semipermeable membranes |
| US5104546A (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-04-14 | Aluminum Company Of America | Pyrogens separations by ceramic ultrafiltration |
| US5242595A (en) * | 1991-04-25 | 1993-09-07 | U.S. Filter/Illinois Water Treatment, Inc. | Bacteria removal by ceramic microfiltration |
| US8007671B2 (en) * | 2005-08-15 | 2011-08-30 | Streamline Capital, Inc. | Microfiltration devices |
| US20100236637A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2010-09-23 | Hendrix Jr James Edward | Surface Ventilator For A Compliant-Surface Flow-Control Device |
| BR112020001330A2 (pt) * | 2017-07-21 | 2020-08-11 | Water Vision, Inc. | processo de tratamento de água e de fluido |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US760364A (en) * | 1903-02-18 | 1904-05-17 | James G Woolworth | Filter and method of making same. |
| US2958656A (en) * | 1954-07-16 | 1960-11-01 | American Oil Co | Method of separating hydrocarbons using ethyl cellulose permselective membrane |
| US2960462A (en) * | 1957-09-30 | 1960-11-15 | American Oil Co | Dual film combinations for membrane permeation |
| NL126633C (Direct) * | 1958-02-24 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3132094A (en) * | 1958-09-11 | 1964-05-05 | Gulf Research Development Co | Ultrafiltration of electrolyte solutions through ion-exchange memberanes |
| US3062737A (en) * | 1959-12-28 | 1962-11-06 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Dehydration process |
| US3276598A (en) * | 1961-10-24 | 1966-10-04 | Dow Chemical Co | Supported dialysis membrane |
| US3170867A (en) * | 1962-05-21 | 1965-02-23 | Loeb Sidney | Desalinization properties of high flow porous membranes by pressure treatment using aluminum ion |
| NL288186A (nl) * | 1963-01-25 | 1965-03-10 | P De Gruyter En Zoon N V | Werkwijze voor het selectief ontwateren van waterige vloeibare systemen |
| US3310488A (en) * | 1964-03-05 | 1967-03-21 | Univ California | Method of desalinizing water |
| US3373056A (en) * | 1964-08-28 | 1968-03-12 | Aerojet General Co | Modifying cellulose ester osmotic membranes |
| US3332737A (en) * | 1965-01-28 | 1967-07-25 | Kurt A Kraus | Process for separating inorganic anions with hydrous oxide anion exchangers |
| US3331772A (en) * | 1965-08-03 | 1967-07-18 | Atlantic Refining Co | Desalting water by reverse osmosis through novel semipermeable membranes |
-
1965
- 1965-10-22 ES ES332639A patent/ES332639A1/es not_active Expired
- 1965-10-23 US US504277A patent/US3449245A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-10-17 GB GB46251/66A patent/GB1135511A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-10-18 IL IL26721A patent/IL26721A/en unknown
- 1966-10-21 BE BE688750D patent/BE688750A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US3449245A (en) | 1969-06-10 |
| GB1135511A (en) | 1968-12-04 |
| BE688750A (Direct) | 1967-03-31 |
| ES332639A1 (es) | 1970-02-01 |
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