IL174408A - Motor vehicle gearbox - Google Patents

Description

P'Ji I 453362 m* MOTOR VEHICLE GEARBOX Background of the Invention Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of means for transference of a torque and more particularly to motor vehicle gearbox.

State of Art Widely known gearboxes of motor vehicles, likeness to US Patent Application 2005 0197225 include a speed-changing clutch shaft, spline hubs spline-fitted on speed-changing clutch shaft between pairs of clutch gear wheels freely rotatabl e set on the said speed-changing clutch shaft and engaging with gear wheels hardly attached to an output shaft.

The each clutch slider is axially slidably and not-relatively rotatabl e fitted on the spline hub, so as to be shiftable among a neutral position, a high speed position, herein the clutch slider meshes with the high speed clutch gear wheel, and alow speed position, herein the clutch slider meshes with the low speed clutch gear wheel.

It is necessary to break off transferring of a torque from an engine across the gearbox during above describe shifting of the vehicle speed.

Said act effects by a driver by breaking of the vehicle clutch in a not automatic motor vehicle.

However, the use of the gearbox so designed for automatic motor vehicles is not sufficiently favourable, because must use drives for acting of the clutch sliders.

A similar design of the automatically acting motor vehicle gearbox complicates its controlling devices in the automatic motor vehicles and is commercially unfit. 1 Motor vehicle gearbox (US Patent Application 20040092364) of the kind essentially comprising a basis gearbox with a number of gears and a two-stage split gearing coupled in front of and in series with the basis gearbox. Shifting is effected by compressed-air cylinders which are controlled by a control unit (computer) depending on signals fed into the computer representing various engine and vehicle data, which comprise, at least, engine speed, vehicle speed, vehicle brake positions and throttle pedal positions, characterized in that the computer is arranged so as, in the event of input signals representing zero throttle, to give an output signal to · cylinders to put a currently engaged synchronized gear in the neutral position, and so as, when a throttle is subsequently opened, to give the cylinders a signal to engage the synchronized gear wheel, when the engine has reached speed suitable for the synchronizing procedure.

However, the use of gearbox so designed for motor vehicles not sufficiently favourable because of complexity of devices for the synchronizing procedure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of present invention is, therefore, the task of simplifying of the motor vehicle gearbox design and to make the gearbox more economical.

The said and other tasks are fulfilled due to a circumstance that the gearbox comprises a casing, an input shaft, a cogged pyramid formed by gear wheels attached to the input shaft, an output shaft, an opposite cogged pyramid formed by pairs of gear wheels, haying in each pair the gear wheel, attached to the output shaft, and the gear wheel, rotatable set on the output shaft, a backing gear wheel rotatable set in the casing, a crank-shaft, having crank-pins disposed around of an axis of rotation of the crank-shaft, being parallel to the output and input shafts, pairs of gear wheels rotatable set on the crank-pins and having a cut formed in the first gear wheel and the pin attached to the second gear wheel of the each said pair and put in the cut. The pin has possibility of free turning in limits of the cut borders. The gear wheels, attached to the input shaft, engage with the gear wheels rotatabTe set on the output shaft, herewith, a ratio of said engagements is decreased, beginning from the engagement, providing a backing gear, to the engagement, providing a last running gear. The backing gear wheel engages with the extreme gear wheel attached to the output shaft. Each gear wheel, rotatable set on the crank-pin, has a light upper and heavy lower parts, herewith, said gear wheel may be symmetrical relatively to an axis, crossing its centers of rotation and gravity and passing in the middle of the pin or the cut. The input shaft is connected with an engine. The output shaft is connected with a vehicle driving wheels by the vehicle transmission. The crankshaft is provided by a reversible electric drive, put on the casing, and controlled by a control unit (computer) programmed in dependence of input signals, fed into the control unit, representing various the engine and vehicle data, which comprise, at least, the engine speed, the vehicle speed, the vehicle controlling mechanisms positions, transforming in the control unit in output signals, fed into the reversible electric drive for its operating, providing the crank-shaft turning and fixing for shifting of the suitable gear or for putting of the crank-shaft in neutral positions.

Shifting of the gears are provided by turning and fixing of the crank-shaft in positions where the current engagements of the pairs of gear wheels, rotatable set on the crank-pins, with the gear wheels of the opposite cogged pyramid and the backing dear wheels take place. A kinematic chain of the said gears are locked for transformed of the engine speed and torque, transmitting to the driving vehicle wheels. Shifting of the running gears is acted one after another and begins with an initial neutral position. Shifting of the backing gear also begins with the initial neutral position of the crank-shaft, where the current engagement is disengaged before possible shifting the first running or backing gears. During of free turning of the craril -shaft the pin and the cut mutual position are preserved because of heavy parts of the gear wheels rotatable set on the crank-pins, which always are disposed below of their light parts. Introducing of the pair of the gear wheels, rotatable set on the crank-pin, in the current engagement with the pair of gear wheels set on the output shaft are acted softly, without transference of the torque, because the pin freely displaced relatively of the cut and presses to the cut border already after of said introducing. Further interacting between the pin and the cut border secures transference by the gearbox the speed and the torque from the engine to the vehicle driving wheels. It is necessary for fast shifting of the gears to provide fast stoppage of inertial rotation of the gear wheels rotatable set on the crank-pin after their disengaging from the current engagements, using various means, for example, much viscous oiling. During returning of the crank-shaft in the initial neutral position, when the vehicle is stopped, all the current engagements are acted in a return order one after another.

The next neutral positions are acted at the stops of the crank-shaft between the next running gears, herein, the vehicle moves on inertia. Rising of loading on the engine ensures shifting of the lover running gear, but falling of loading ensures shifting of the higher running gear.

The said motor vehicle gearbox provides shifting of the gears only by one reversible electric drive without synchronizing means. This peculiarity provides high efficiency and a very simple design of the gearbox.

The present invention will be understood more fully from detailed description given, herein, below and from the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiment of the invention, which should not be construed as exhaustive to the invention, but are for explanation and understanding only.

Brief Description of the Drawings The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, wherein: .

Fig. 1 shows schematically the gearbox according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along lines A-A of Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along lines B-B of Fig. 2, Fig.4 is a sectional view taken along lines C-C of Fig. 3 Fig. 5 shows the relative position of the gearbox components during shifting the first running gear according a sectional view taken along lines D-D of Fig. 3, Fig. 6 shows the relative position of the gearbox components during shifting the backing gear according a sectional view taken along lines E^E of Fig. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION The gearbox according to the present invention is described below.

The gearbox comprises casing 1, input shaft 2, output shaft 3, a cogged pyramid formed by gear wheels 4, 5, 6, 7, attached to input shaft 2, an opposite cogged pyramid formed by pairs of gear wheels 8 and 9, 10 and 11, 12 and 13, 14 and 15, where gear wheels 9, 11, 13, 15 are attached to output shaft 3 and the gear wheels 8, 10, 12, 14 are rotatable i set on output shaft 3, backing gear wheel 16 rotatable set in casing 1, crank-shaft 17, having crank-pins 18 disposed around of an axis of rotation of crank-shaft 17, being parallel to output and input shafts 3 and 2, pairs of gear wheels 19 arid 20, 21 and 22, 23 and 24, 25 and 26, rotatable set on crank-pins 18 by means pf bearings 27. Gear wheels 8, 10, 12, 14 are set rotatable on output shaft 3 by means of bearings 28 (Fig. 3), and accordingly engage with gear wheels 7, 6, 5, 4, herewith, their engagements ratio is decreased, beginning from the engagements of gear wheels 4 and 14, providing a backing gear, to the engagements of gear wheels 7 and 8, providing a last running gear. Backing gear wheel 16 engages with gear wheel 15. Gear wheels 20, 22, 24, 26 have pin 29 attached to the said gear wheels. Cut 30 is formed in gear wheels 19, 21, 23, 25. Pin 29 is put in next cut 30 and has possibility to free turn in limits of cut 30 borders. Gear wheels 19 - 26, rotatable set on crank-pins 18, have a light upper and heavy lower parts, herewith, the said gear wheels may be symmetrical relatively of the axis, crossing its centers of rotation and gravity and passing in the middle of pin 29 or cut 30. Input shaft 2 is connected with an engine (not shown). Output shaft 3 is connected with a vehicle driving wheels by the vehicle transmission (not shown). Crank-shaft 17is provided by reversible electric drive 31, put on casing 1, and controlled by a control unit (computer) (not shown), programmed in dependence of input signals, fed into the control unit, representing various the engine and vehicle data, which comprise, at least, the engine speed, the vehicle speed, the vehicle controlling mechanisms positions. The said input signals are transformed in the control unit in output signals, fed into reversible electric drive 31 for its operating, providing crankshaft 17 turning and fixing for shifting of the suitable gear or for putting of crankshaft 17 in neutral positions.

Shifting of the suitable gear, for example, the first running gear, is provided by turning and fixing of crank-shaft 17 in positions, where a current engagement between the pair of gear wheels 21 and 22, rotatable set on crank-pin 18, and the pair of gear wheels 13 and 12, set on output shaft 3, take place. A kinematic chain of the said gear is locked for transformed of the engine speed and torque, transmitting to the driving vehicle wheels. Shifting of the running gears is acted one after another and begins with an initial neutral position. Shifting of the backing gear also begins with the initial neutral position of crank-shaft 17, where the current engagement is disengaged before possible shifting the first running or backing gears. During of free turning of the crank-shaft 17 pin 29 and cut 30 mutual position are preserved because of the heavy parts of gear wheels 19 - 26, rotatable set on crank-pins 18, which always are disposed below of their light parts. Introducing of the pairs of the gear wheels 19 and 20, 21 and 22, 23 and 24, 25 and 26, rotatable set on crank-pin 18, in the current engagements with gear wheels set on the output shaft and backing gear wheel 16 and 14, 13 and 12, 11 and 10, 9 and 8 are acted softly, without transference of the torque, because each pin 29 freely displaced relatively of next cut 30 and presses to said cut 30 border already after of said introducing. Further interacting between pin 29 and cut 30 border secures transference by the gearbox the speed and the torque from the engine to the vehicle driving wheels. It is necessary for fast shifting of the gears to provide fast stoppage of inertial rotation of gear wheels 19 - 26, rotatable set on crank-pins 18 after their disengaging from the current engagements, using various means, for example, much viscous oiling. During returning of crank-shaft 17 into the initial neutral position, when the vehicle is stopped, all the above described current engagements are acted in a return order one after another.

The next neutral positions are acted at the stops of crank-shaft 17 between the next running gears, herein, the vehicle moves on inertia. Rising of loading on the engine ensures shifting of the lover running gear, but falling of loading ensures shifting of the higher running gear.

The said motor vehicle gearbox provides shifting of the gears only by one reversible electric drive without synchronizing means. This peculiarity provides high efficiency and a very; simple design of the gearbox.

The present invention will be understood more fully from detailed description given, herein, below and from the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiment of the invention, which should not be construed as exhaustive to the invention, but are for explanation and understanding only.

Claims (4)

Claims:

1. A motor vehicle gearbox comprising - a casing, - an input shaft, - a cogged pyramid, formed by gear wheels, attached to the input shaft, - an output shaft, - an opposite I cogged pyramid, formed by pairs of gear wheels, having in each said pair the gear wheel, attached to the output shaft, and the gear wheel, rotatable set on the output shaft, engaging with the gear wheel, attached to the input shaft, - a backing gear wheel, rotatable set in the casing and engaging with the extreme gear wheel, attached to the output shaft, - a crank-shaft, rotatable set in the casing, and provided with a reversible electric drive, - the crank-shaft having crank-pins, disposed around of the crankshaft axis of rotation, - the crank-shaft having fixing positions at its turning for switching on gears and neutral positions, - the engagements between the gear wheels of the cogged pyramid and the gear wheels, rotatable set on the output shaft, having their ratio, decreasing, from the engagement, providing a backing gear, to the engagement, providing a last running gear, - pairs of the gear wheels, rotatable set on the crank-pins, having in each said pair the cut, formed in one gear wheel, and the pin, put in the cut with possibility of freely turn in the cut borders, and attached to other gear wheel, the gear wheels rotatable set on the crank-pins with possibility of effecting of a current engagements with the gear wheels of the opposite cogged pyramid and the backing gear wheel for switching on the gears at the fixing position of turning crank-shaft, the gear wheels, rotatable set on the crank-pins, have a light upper and heavy lower parts.

2. The gearbox according Claim 1, wherein, the gear wheels rotatable set on the crank-pins may be symmetrical relatively of axis, crossing of their centers of rotation and gravity, and passing in the middle of the pin or the cut.

3. The gearbox according Claims 1 or 2, wherein, the reversible electric drive is controlled by a control unit (computer) programmed in dependence of input signals, fed into the control unit, representing various engine and vehicle data, which comprise, at least, the engine and vehicle speed, the vehicle controlling mechanisms positions, and transforming in output signals, fed into the reversible electric drive for the gearbox automatic operation.

4. The gearbox according to any of Claims 1 to 3 as described above with reference to the enclosed specification. Applicants