IES20120381A2 - A heating system - Google Patents

A heating system

Info

Publication number
IES20120381A2
IES20120381A2 IES20120381A IES20120381A IES20120381A2 IE S20120381 A2 IES20120381 A2 IE S20120381A2 IE S20120381 A IES20120381 A IE S20120381A IE S20120381 A IES20120381 A IE S20120381A IE S20120381 A2 IES20120381 A2 IE S20120381A2
Authority
IE
Ireland
Prior art keywords
heating system
radiator
heated
liquid
ptc
Prior art date
Application number
IES20120381A
Inventor
Denis O'dwyer
Original Assignee
Denis O'dwyer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Denis O'dwyer filed Critical Denis O'dwyer
Priority to IES20120381A priority Critical patent/IES86173B2/en
Publication of IES20120381A2 publication Critical patent/IES20120381A2/en
Publication of IES86173B2 publication Critical patent/IES86173B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2013/068200 priority patent/WO2014033328A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2221—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00421—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
    • B60H1/00428—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply
    • F24H3/004—Air heaters using electric energy supply with a closed circuit for a heat transfer liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/08—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes
    • F24H3/081—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes using electric energy supply
    • F24H3/085—The tubes containing an electrically heated intermediate fluid, e.g. water
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2228—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters
    • B60H2001/2234—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters when vehicle is parked, preheating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2268—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/2296—Constructional features integration into fluid/air heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2240/00—Fluid heaters having electrical generators
    • F24H2240/01—Batteries, electrical energy storage device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/04—Positive temperature coefficients [PTC]; Negative temperature coefficients [NTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A heating system comprises a liquid-filled radiator 10 whose contained liquid is heated by an electrically powered positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating element 16. The electric power may be derived from a battery 24 or solar energy 22. <Figure 1>

Description

A Heating System Field of the invention This invention relates to a heating system, and in particular, but not exclusively, to a system that can be adapted to control automotive vehicle heating / climate control systems but also can be adapted to control domestic, commercial or industrial buildings heating systems and domestic hot water systems.
Background of the invention Automotive vehicles and especially vehicles such as ambulances and specialized vehicles require for passenger and patient care to have the climate (interior temperature) to be at a comfortable level at all times. This necessitates either using a diesel or gasoline powered heater which necessitates having to run the engine to operate such heater systems efficiently and keep batteries at a certain voltage. Some conventional systems in a vehicle use a water heater which is connected into the cooling (coolant) system of the vehicle, but this still needs to have the vehicle's engine running and also has a delay period where it takes the vehicle's engine some time to heat all the coolant (added coolant due to added lengths of hosing / pipe work and heater matrix) to a sufficient level for heating of the vehicle's compartments sufficiently. Sizeable fuel consumption and emissions is typical of these conventional heating systems.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a heating system, in particular but not exclusively for use in automotive vehicles / emergency service vehicles, which avoids or mitigates the above-mentioned problems.
Summary of the invention According to the invention there is provided a heating system comprising a liquid-filled radiator whose contained liquid is heated by an electrically powered positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating element.
Unlike conventional heating systems the invention does not require the use of hydrocarbon fuel such as oil, gas, diesel or solid fuels as is commonly used today. Its PTC heating element can be powered by a solar panel or by one or a combination of batteries and as the heating element heats up its power consumption reduces. 886'73 Brief description of the drawings Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the invention.
Figures 2 and 3 show modifications of the system of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the drawings Referring to Figure 1, the embodiment of heating system there shown comprises a conventional domestic hot water radiator 10 with inlet and outlet valves 12a, 12b respectively. The input and output valves are connected via a 12 240 volt ac/dc circulating pump 14 and a 12 240 volt ac/dc PTC ceramic heater element 16 with adjustable temperature sensing, housed in a chamber 18. The radiator 10 optionally includes an adjustable external temperature sensor 20. By adjustable temperature sensing we mean using a sensor (not shown) in the manner of a thermostat to monitor the temperature of the PTC element 16, or the coolant that surrounds the element, and when the temperature rises above, or falls below, a pre-determined adjustable threshold level switching off, or on, the electrical supply to the element 16 to maintain the temperature at about the threshold level. It is also possible to monitor the current flow to the PTC element 16 and as the element's electrical load decreases substantially as the device reaches its curie temperature this can be used to control switching on and or off the electrical supply to the element at a pre-determined electrical load I device temperature.
The radiator 10 optionally includes an adjustable external temperature sensor 20 whose primary function is to control the switching of the fan when a fan assisted system is used (Figures 4 and 5). It could also be used to turn on or off the power supply to the PTC element 16 when the temperature of the radiator coolant reaches a pre-determined level. The temperature sensor 20 is positioned at a low level to help insure that the radiator coolant has reached the desired temperature.
The PTC heater element 16 is electrically powered by one or more solar panels 22, which also charge a 12 or 24 volt battery pack 24. The battery pack 24 provides reserve power at night and also supplements the solar power during the day. Although not shown, the pump 14 is also powered by the battery pack 24. Alternatively, the circulating pump 14 and PTC heater element 16 can be powered from a 110-240 volt ac mains.
The system shown in Figure 1 is a closed system in which water is heated by the PTC heater element 16 and circulated in the radiator by the pump 14.
Figure 2 shows a modification of the system of Figure 1. In this case the pump 14 is omitted and the PTC heater element 16 is connected between the top and bottom of the radiator so that hot water is circulated in the radiator 10 by convection. The soiar/battery power supply is not shown in Figure 2.
Figure 3 shows that how the system of Figure 1 can be connected into a conventional boiler system by flow and return pipes 26a, 26b incorporating on/off valves 27. Again, the soiar/battery power supply is not shown.
Figure 4 shows an industrial application of the invention in which a number of standard radiators 10 are stacked on their side and connected so that the hot water heated by the PTC element 16 circulates through all the radiators from the inlet valve 12a to the outlet valve 12b. The heat output is increased by an electric fan 30 which assists the air flow through the radiators (forced convection).
The optional temperature sensor 20, if present, can be used to control the fan 30 cut in and out. The radiator stack could be fixed in position or mounted on a trolley. As before, the soiar/battery power supply is not shown.
Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the invention for use in an engine-powered vehicle such as an emergency vehicle or marine craft. In this case, as well as having forced convection by a fan 30, the vehicle alternator 32 is used to charge the battery pack 24 when the vehicle's engine is running.
The advantages of one or more embodiments of the invention are: • No hydrocarbon fuel use • No emissions • Substantially reduced heat loss • Rapid response to reaching required temperatures • The higher the temperature of the PTC element the less power consumption so maintaining the temperature demands less power consumption.
• Can be powered directly by solar panels or a combination of solar panels and batteries.
• System will operate even if there is mains power cut unlike conventional heating systems in domestic, commercial or industrial buildings • Unlike some of the modern day solar panels systems where heat pumps or an auxiliary heating system is necessary when snow or frost is on the roof and the solar panels coolant can have a potential of freezing, this is not a problem with the present invention.
• There is no pipe connections or routing of such pipe-work to roof solar panels reducing heat loss and coolant to be heated • There is no flow and return pipes to be ran to boilers etc. Seriously reduced pipework and seriously reduced heat loss. Seriously reduced coolant to heat · System will work even when no sunlight is available (at night) with battery reserve power.
• Can also be used of course to heat water for domestic purposes (domestic hot water).
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein which may be modified or varied without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

Claims
1. A heating system comprising a liquid-filled radiator whose contained liquid is heated by an 5 electrically powered positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating element.
2. A heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric power is at least partially derived from at least one of a battery, a mains supply and/or solar energy. 10
3. A heating system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the heated liquid is circulated in the radiator by a pump.
4. A heating system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the heated liquid is circulated in the radiator by convection.
5. A heating system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the radiator is selectively connectable to a separate source of heated fluid.
IES20120381A 2012-09-03 2012-09-03 A heating system IES86173B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IES20120381A IES86173B2 (en) 2012-09-03 2012-09-03 A heating system
PCT/EP2013/068200 WO2014033328A1 (en) 2012-09-03 2013-09-03 A heating system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IES20120381A IES86173B2 (en) 2012-09-03 2012-09-03 A heating system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
IES20120381A2 true IES20120381A2 (en) 2013-04-10
IES86173B2 IES86173B2 (en) 2013-04-10

Family

ID=48040769

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IES20120381A IES86173B2 (en) 2012-09-03 2012-09-03 A heating system

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IE (1) IES86173B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2014033328A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2532273A (en) * 2014-11-14 2016-05-18 David Thomas Warren Adam Heating apparatus
CN106043175A (en) * 2016-03-09 2016-10-26 冯子同 Sunshade curtain type solar air conditioning system for vehicle
CN111692688A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-09-22 深圳前海帕拓逊网络技术有限公司 Double-layer sound-insulation noise-reduction device and atomizer
GB2608871B (en) * 2021-10-27 2023-07-12 Digital Heat Ltd Electric fluid heater

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5187349A (en) * 1990-08-22 1993-02-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Defrost and passenger compartment heater system
DE10014021C2 (en) * 2000-03-22 2002-02-21 Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh Heating system for heating the interior of a motor vehicle
US20070280655A1 (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-12-06 Ivanhoe Chaput Infra-red radiant panel heater using PTC conductive polymeric electrodes
EP2567840A4 (en) * 2010-04-12 2014-03-26 Valeo Japan Co Ltd RADIATOR OF THE ELECTRIC HEATING TYPE FOR AIR CONDITIONING A VEHICLE, AND AIR CONDITIONING DEVICE OF A VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SAME
FR2963868B1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-09-28 Valeo Systemes Thermiques HEAT EXCHANGER COMPRISING A HEATING ELEMENT SERIGRAPHIE
DE102011115210A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-08-09 Daimler Ag Heating device for motor vehicle, is provided with heating circuit having electric heating cartridge, circulating pump, heat exchanger, control unit and temperature sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014033328A1 (en) 2014-03-06
IES86173B2 (en) 2013-04-10

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