IE921867A1 - "Novel 1,5-diyne-3-cycloalkenes, process for their preparation and the pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds" - Google Patents
"Novel 1,5-diyne-3-cycloalkenes, process for their preparation and the pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds"Info
- Publication number
- IE921867A1 IE921867A1 IE186792A IE921867A IE921867A1 IE 921867 A1 IE921867 A1 IE 921867A1 IE 186792 A IE186792 A IE 186792A IE 921867 A IE921867 A IE 921867A IE 921867 A1 IE921867 A1 IE 921867A1
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- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- compound
- compounds
- same meaning
- lead
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LEHBURLTIWGHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridinium chlorochromate Chemical compound [O-][Cr](Cl)(=O)=O.C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 LEHBURLTIWGHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- KFUSEUYYWQURPO-UPHRSURJSA-N cis-1,2-dichloroethene Chemical group Cl\C=C/Cl KFUSEUYYWQURPO-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WQONPSCCEXUXTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1Br WQONPSCCEXUXTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021555 Chromium Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- CWMFRHBXRUITQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilylacetylene Chemical group C[Si](C)(C)C#C CWMFRHBXRUITQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UPQQXPKAYZYUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trichloroacetamide Chemical compound OC(=N)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl UPQQXPKAYZYUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HSRJKNPTNIJEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guaifenesin Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OCC(O)CO HSRJKNPTNIJEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005828 desilylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003563 glycoside group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006823 (C1-C6) acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910007161 Si(CH3)3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 11
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012156 elution solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000000451 chemical ionisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- HBRNOPDOZDLBNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclodeca-1,5-diyne Chemical compound C1CCC#CCCC#CC1 HBRNOPDOZDLBNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GOQJMMHTSOQIEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-5-yn-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCC#C GOQJMMHTSOQIEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 3
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLGOEMSEDOSKAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carmustine Chemical compound ClCCNC(=O)N(N=O)CCCl DLGOEMSEDOSKAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003535 D-glucopyranosyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])OC([H])(*)[C@]([H])(O[H])[C@@]([H])(O[H])[C@]1([H])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- 241001529936 Murinae Species 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017095 negative regulation of cell growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical class [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NRSGSKFWYXDGJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(OC(CCCCC1)C#CC2=C1C=CC=C2)=O Chemical compound CC(OC(CCCCC1)C#CC2=C1C=CC=C2)=O NRSGSKFWYXDGJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930189413 Esperamicin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 101000830713 Homo sapiens Torsin-3A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182816 L-glutamine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KITOJMXZRQKCHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(CCCCC1)C#CC2=C1C=CC=C2 Chemical compound O=C(CCCCC1)C#CC2=C1C=CC=C2 KITOJMXZRQKCHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXYGSEDXMLNYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(CCCCC1)C#CC2=C1C=CC=C2 Chemical compound OC(CCCCC1)C#CC2=C1C=CC=C2 HXYGSEDXMLNYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012980 RPMI-1640 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100024603 Torsin-3A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195731 calicheamicin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012894 fetal calf serum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- BCDGQXUMWHRQCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)CN BCDGQXUMWHRQCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVRCLEXKQNWTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hept-6-yn-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCCC#C BVRCLEXKQNWTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006190 sub-lingual tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C35/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C35/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic
- C07C35/205—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic containing a nine to twelve-membered rings, e.g. cyclododecanols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/013—Esters of alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Compounds of formula (I): <IMAGE> in which: R represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched (C1-C6) acyl radical or a glycoside radical, n is equal to 1 or 2, R1 and R2 simultaneously represent two hydrogen atoms or, with the double bond to which they are attached, form a phenyl ring. Medicaments.
Description
SPECIFICATION FILED..
Patent Application by ADIR ET CQMPAGNIE, a French Company of 1 Rue Carle Hebert, F92415 Courbevoie, Cedex, France.
The present invention relates to novel 1,5-diyne- 3-cycloalkene derivatives, the process for their preparation and the pharmaceutical compositions which contain them.
Esperamicins and calicheamicins belong to two families of natural 3 antibiotics possessing anti-tumor properties which are distinctly more powerful than those of the known anti-cancer compounds described by B.
LONG et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 86, 2-6, 1989).
The anti-tumor properties of the two series of compounds are due to the presence of a 1,5-diyne-3- cycloalkene ring common to these two families (Nature, 389. 566-567, 1991).
The present invention relates to 1,5-diyne-3- cycloalkene derivatives which, in addition to the fact that they are novel, have particularly intense anti-tumor properties.
The invention relates more particularly to novel 1,5-diyne-3-cycloalkene 15 derivatives corresponding to the general formula (I): ι Ί - Ο - R (I) in which: R represents a hydrogen atom, a straight-chain or branched (C1-C6) acyl radical or a glycoside radical, n is 1 or 2, and Rl and R2 simultaneously represent two hydrogen atoms or, together with the double bond to which they are attached, form a phenyl ring, their isomers and enantiomers.
The invention also extends to the process for the preparation of the compounds of formula (I), characterised in that (Z)-1,2-dichloroethylene or 1,2- dibromobenzene is reacted in an anhydrous medium, under an inert atmosphere, with an alcohol of formula (II): (II) in which n has the same meaning as in formula (I), in the presence of a palladium catalyst prepared from tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, n-propylamine and copper iodide, in accordance with the techniques described by K. SONOGASHIRA et al.
(Tetrahedron lett. 4467-4470, 1975) and D. GUILLERM (Tetrahedron lett., 26, 3811-3812, 1985), to lead to the compound of formula (III): (III) (CH2)n in which n, R] and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I) and X represents a chlorine or bromine atom depending on the starting material used, which compound is coupled, as above, in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, n-propylamine and copper iodide, with trimethylsilylacetylene, in an anhydrous medium, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (IV): (IV) in which n, R·) and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), which compound is subjected to a desilylation in an anhydrous basic medium, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (V): in which n, R·) and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), with which iodine is reacted, in an anhydrous organic medium in the presence of morpholine, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (VI): (VI) (CH2)n/\ OH in which n, and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), which compound is subjected to oxidation in the presence of pyridinium chlorochromate in an anhydrous organic medium, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (VII): (VII) in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), which is cyclised with the aid of a mixture of chromium chloride containing 1.3ί of nickel chloride in suspension in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, at ambient temperature, under an inert atmosphere, in accordance with the techniques described by K. TAKAI et al., (Tetrahedron lett., 26, 5585-5588, 1985) and T.D. AICHER (Tetrahedron lett., 28, 34633466, 1987), to lead to the compound of formula (I/a), a particular case of the compounds of formula (I): in which n has the same meaning as in formula (I), which compound is: - either converted to the corresponding ester, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (I/b), a particular case of compounds of formula (I), (I/b) in which n, R) and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), and ac represents a straight-chain or branched (C)-Cg) acyl group, - or oxidized in the presence of pyridinium chlorochromate, to lead to the compound of formula (I/c), a particular case of the compounds of formula (I), (I/c) in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), - or glycosylated in the presence of acetyl glycoside trichloroacetamidate and then deacetylated after separating the isomers if appropriate, to lead to the compound of formula (I/d), a particular case of the compounds of formula (I), (CH2)n - glyc (I/d) in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I) and glyc represents a glycoside group, which compounds of formula (I/a), (I/b), (I/c) and (I/d) are purified, if necessary, using a conventional preparation technique and the isomers of said compounds being separated, if desired, using a conventional separation technique.
The compounds of the invention have very valuable pharmacological properties. They inhibit the proliferation of L 1210 (murine leukaemia) cells in culture, which is predicative of a good anti-tumor activity in animals and also in man.
The present invention also relates to the pharmaceutical compositions containing, as active principle, at least one compound of general formula (I) or one of its addition salts with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid, on its own or in combination with one or more non-toxic, inert excipients or vehicles.
Amongst the pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention, those which may be mentioned more particularly are those which are suitable for oral, parenteral or nasal administration, simple or coated tablets, sublingual tablets, capsules, suppositories, creams, ointments, dermal gels and aerosols.
The dosage varies depending on the age and the weight of the patient, the nature and the severity of the disease and the mode of administration. The latter may be oral, nasal, rectal or parenteral. In general, the dosage ranges between 0.2 and 200 mg for a treatment taken in one or more doses per 24 hours.
The following examples illustrate the invention and do not limit it in any way.
EXAMPLE 1: 1,5-diyne-(3Z)-cyclodecen-7-ol Stage A: 8-chloro-5-yne-7-octen-1-ol 650 μί (7.01 mmol) of n-propylamine, 480 μί (4.26 mmol) of 5-hexyn-1-ol, 420 μΐ (5.40 mmol) of cis- dichloroethylene and 35 mg (0.184 mmol) of copper iodide are added successively to a solution of 85 mg (0.074 mmol) of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium in 8 ml of anhydrous benzene.
The reaction mixture is heated for 100 minutes at 40°C under an inert atmosphere, then concentrated and taken up in diethyl ether. The organic phase is washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, dried and then evaporated. The expected product is obtained in the form of a colourless liquid after purification by chromatography on silica using a (40/1) dichloromethane/acetone mixture as elution solvent.
Yield: 78* Mass spectrum: chemical ionisation (NH3) M + NH4+ : m/z = 176 Stage B: 10-trimethylsilyl-5,9-diyne-7-decen-1-ol 516 mg (3.25 mmol) of the compound obtained in stage A, in 7 ml of anhydrous benzene, are treated with 500 μί (6.08 mmol) of n-propylamine, 70 mg (0.061 mmol) of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, 32 mg (0.168 mmol) of copper iodide and 650 μί (4.51 mmol) of trimethylsilylacetylene. The reaction mixture is stirred for 100 minutes at ambient temperature, under an inert atmosphere, then concentrated and taken up in diethyl ether. The organic phase is washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride and then with water, dried and evaporated. The expected product is obtained, in the form of an oil, after purification by liquid chromatography on silica using a (40/1/0.04) dichloromethane/acetone/triethylamine mixture as elution solvent.
Yield: 82* Stage C: 5,9-diyne-7-decen-1-ol 1.12 g (5.08 mmol) of the compound obtained in stage B, in solution in 10 ml of anhydrous methanol, are treated with 770 mg (5.57 mmol) of potassium carbonate at ambient temperature, under an inert atmosphere, for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture is then concentrated, taken up in dichloromethane and washed with water. The organic phase is then dried and evaporated. The expected product is obtained, in the form of a colourless oil, after purification by liquid chromatography on silica using a (20/1) dichloromethane/acetone mixture as elution solvent.
Yield: 90? Mass spectrum: chemical ionisation (NH3) M +NH4+ : m/z = 166 Stage D: 10-iodo-5,9-diyne-7-decen-1-ol 2.49 ml (28.55 mmol) of morpholine are added to a solution containing 2.42 g (9.53 mmol) of iodine in 20 ml of anhydrous benzene heated to 45°C. After stirring for 20 minutes at 45°C, under an inert atmosphere, 675 mg (4.55 mmol) of the compound obtained in stage C, in solution in 5 ml of anhydrous benzene, are added. The reaction mixture is stirred for a further 3 hours at 45°C, concentrated, taken up in diethyl ether and washed successively with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, a 20? aqueous solution of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, a 20? aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate, a 10? aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and then with water. The organic phase is then washed and evaporated. The expected product is then obtained, in the form of an oil, after purification by chromatography on silica using a (1/1) hexane/diethyl ether mixture as elution solvent.
Yield: 80? Mass spectrum: Chemical ionisation (NH3) M + NH4+ : m/z = 292 - 8 Stage E: 10-iodo-5,9-diyne-7-decen-1-al 250 mg (1 .16 mmol) of pyridinium chlorochromate and 2 ml of dichloromethane are stirred in activated molecular sieve (4&) in powder form for 20 minutes, at ambient temperature, under an inert atmosphere. 94 mg (0.343 mmol) of the compound obtained in stage D, in solution in 3 ml of anhydrous dichloromethane, are added to the above mixture. The mixture is stirred for a further 30 minutes at ambient temperature and 20 ml of diethyl ether are then added. The reaction mixture is then filtered and then concentrated. The expected product is obtained after purification by chromatography on silica using a (1/1) hexane/diethyl ether mixture as elution solvent.
Yield: 83% Mass spectrum: Chemical ionisation (NH3) M + NHi|+ : m/z = 290 Stage F: 1,5-diyne-3-cyclodecen-7-ol 181 mg (1.47 mmol) of chromium chloride containing 1.3% of nickel chloride in suspension in 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran are stirred for 20 minutes at ambient temperature, under an inert atmosphere. 78 mg (0.29 mmol) of the compound obtained in stage E, in solution in 9 ml of tetrahydrofuran, are added very slowly to the above mixture. After the addition, which takes about 2 hours 40 minutes, the reaction mixture is concentrated and taken up in ethyl acetate. The organic phase is washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, dried and then evaporated. The expected product is obtained in the form of an oil after purification by liquid chromatography on silica using a (75/25/0.1) hexane/ethyl acetate/triethylamine mixture as elution solvent.
Yield: 34% Mass spectrum: Chemical ionisation (NH3) M + NHn+ : m/z = 164 EXAMPLE 2: 7-acetoxy-1,5-diyne-3-cyclodecene 14.6 mg (0.1 mmol) of the compound obtained in Example 1 are treated with 1 ml of pyridine and 0.5 ml of acetic anhydride for 45 minutes, at ambient temperature, under an inert atmosphere. The reaction mixture is diluted with diethyl ether and washed successively with water, a 50¾ aqueous solution of potassium hydrogen sulfate, a 50¾ aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and then with water. The organic phase is dried and then evaporated. The expected product is obtained in the form of an oil after purification by liquid chromatography on silica using a (83/17/0.1) hexane/ethyl acetate/triethylamine mixture as elution solvent.
Yield: 59¾ Mass spectrum: Electronic impact M : m/z = 188 EXAMPLE 3: 1,5-diyne-3-eycloundecen-7-ol The expected product is obtained by following the procedure as in Example but using 6-heptyn-1-ol in place of 5-hexyn-1-ol in stage A.
Yield (stage F) : 76¾ Mass spectrum: Chemical ionisation (NH3) M + NH4+ : m/z = 178 EXAMPLE 4: 7-acetoxy-1,5-diyne-3-cycloundecene The expected product is obtained by following the procedure as in Example but replacing the compound of Example 1 by the compound of Example 3.
Yield: 90¾ Mass spectrum: Electronic impact M : m/z = 202 EXAMPLE 5: 7-hydroxy-benzo[c]cyclodeca-1,5-diyne The expected product Is obtained by following the procedure as in Example but replacing cis-dichloro-ethylene by 1,2-dibromobenzene in stage A.
Mass spectrum: Electronic impact M : m/z = 196 EXAMPLE 6: 7-acetoxy-benzo[c]cyclodeca-1,5-diyne The expected product is obtained by following the procedure as in Example but replacing the compound of Example 1 by the compound of Example 5.
Yield: 70? Mass spectrum: Electronic impact M : m/z = 238 EXAMPLE 7: 7-oxo-benzo[c]cyclodeca-1,5-diyne The expected product is obtained by oxidation of the compound of Example 5 in the presence of pyridinium chlorochromate.
Yield: 70? Mass spectrum: Electronic impact M : m/z = 194 EXAMPLE 8: 7-(P-D-glucopyranosyl)benzo[c]cyclodeca-1,5- diyne, Isomer 1 and EXAMPLE 9: 7-(P~D-glucopyranosyl)benzo[c]cyclodeca-1,5- diyne, isomer 2 EXAMPLE 8: 7-(P~D-glucopyranosyl)benzo[c]cyclodeca-1,5- diyne, isomer 1 Stage A: 7-(0-D-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetylglucopyranosyl)benzo[c]cyclodeca1,5-diyne, isomer 1 413 mmol of the compound obtained in Example 5 and of 2,3,4,6-tetra-Oacetyl-a-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetamidate prepared in accordance with the process described by Schmidt and Michel (Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 12, 1980, 731-732) are stirred in 2 ml of anhydrous toluene for 3 hours under an inert atmosphere in the presence of molecular sieve (4A). The mixture is cooled to -78°C and 92 μί of boron trifluoride etherate in toluene are then added. After the temperature has returned to 0°C, the mixture is neutralized with ethyl- diisopropylamine and then filtered and the filtrate is evaporated.
The expected product, isomer 1, is purified and separated from isomer 2 by chromatography on silica gel using a (3/1) hexane/ethyl acetate mixture as eluent.
Optical rotation: [a]D2° - - 50° (C = 1 mg/ml/CHCl3) Stage B: 7-(P-D-glucopyranosyl)benzo[c]cyclodeca-1,5- diyne, isomer 1 The product obtained in the preceding stage, in solution in a (1/1) dichloromethane/methanol mixture, is treated with a catalytic amount of sodium methanolate at ambient temperature, under an inert atmosphere. The reaction mixture is then neutralized on Amberlite resin (IRC 50 - H+ form) and then filtered. The expected product is then obtained after filtration, evaporation of the solvent and purification by chromatography on silica gel using a (6/1) dichloromethane/methanol mixture as eluent.
Yield: 80» Melting point: 123°C (MeOH) Optical rotation: [α]ϋ2θ = -18°C (C = 0.85 mg/ml - acetone) EXAMPLE 9: 7-O-D-glueopyranosyl)benzo[c]cyclodeca-1,5- diyne, isomer 2 The expected product is obtained by following the procedure as in stage B of Example 8, using isomer 2 from stage A of Example 8 as the starting material.
Yield: 80» Melting point: 126°C Optical rotation: [α]ϋ2θ = + 77° (C = 1.2 mg/ml - ΟΗΟΙβ/ΜβΟΗ (1/1)) PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE DERIVATIVES OF THE INVENTION EXAMPLE 10: in vitro cytotoxicity L 1210 (murine leukaemia) cells are cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented by 10* fetal calf serum, 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 units/ml penicillin, 100 pg/ml streptomycin and 10 mM Hepes (pH : 7.4). The inhibition of cell growth is determined using the Microculture Tetrazolium Assay described by M. ALLEY et al., (Cancer Res., 48, 589-601, 1988).
The results of this test are expressed as IC50, the concentration resulting in 50* inhibition of cell growth. The reference product used is 10 BCNU, a highly active alkylating agent used in medicine.
During this test, the IC50 of the compound of Example 2 is 5.6 μΜ and that of the compound of Example 7 is 0.5 μΜ, whereas that of BCNU is 6.4 μΜ.
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION EXAMPLE 11: Tablet: preparation formulation for 1000 tablets containing a 15 dose of 2 mg Compound of Example 2 Hydroxypropylcellulose Wheat starch .........
Lactose .............. g 2 g 10 g 100 g Magnesium stearate Talc .............
Claims (11)
1. Compounds of formula (I): (CH2)n 0 - R (I) in which: R represents a hydrogen atom, a straight-chain or branched (C1-C6) acyl radical or a glycoside radical, is 1 or 2, and Rl and R 2 simultaneously represent two hydrogen atoms or, together with the double bond to which they are attached, form a phenyl ring, their isomers and enantiomers.
2. Compounds of formula (I) according to claim 1, in which n is 1.
3. Compound of formula (I) according to claim 1, which is 7-acetoxy1,5-diyne-3-cyclodecene, as well as its enantiomers.
4. Process for the preparation of the compounds of formula (I) according to claim 1, characterized in that (Z)-1,2-dichloroethylene or 1,2-dibromobenzene is reacted in an anhydrous medium, under an inert atmosphere, with an alcohol of formula (II): (II) 20 in which n has the same meaning as in formula (I), in the presence of a palladium catalyst prepared from tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, n-propylamine and copper iodide, to lead to the compound of formula III: - 1« - in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I) and X represents a chlorine or bromine atom depending on the starting material used, which compound is coupled, as above, in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, n-propylamine and copper iodide, with trimethylsilylacetylene, in an anhydrous medium, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (IV): -Si(CH3)3 (IV) (CH 2 ) n /\ OH in which n, Ri and R 2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), which compound is subjected to a desilylation in an anhydrous basic medium, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (V): in which n, Ri and R 2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), with which iodine is reacted, in an anhydrous organic medium in the presence of morpholine, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (VI): (VI) - 15 in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), which compound is subjected to oxidation in the presence of pyridinium chlorochromate in an anhydrous organic medium, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (VII): (VII) in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), which is cyclised with the aid of a mixture of chromium chloride containing 1.3% of nickel chloride in suspension in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, at ambient temperature, under an inert atmosphere, 10 to lead to the compound of formula (I/a), a particular case of the compounds of formula (I): (CH 2 ) n (I/a) R1 'R 2 in which n has the same meaning as in formula (I), which compound is: - either converted to the corresponding ester, under an inert atmosphere, to lead to the compound of formula (I/b), a particular case of compounds of formula (I), (I/b) in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), and ac 20 represents a straight-chain or branched (C1-C6) acyl group, - 16 - or oxidized in the presence of pyridinium chlorochromate, to lead to the compound of formula (I/c), a particular case of the compounds of formula (I), in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I), - or glycosylated in the presence of acetyl glycoside trichloroacetamidate and then deacetylated after separating the isomers if appropriate, to lead to the compound of formula (I/d), a particular case of the compounds of formula (I), (I/d) in which n, Ri and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I) and glyc represents a glycoside group, which compounds of formula (I/a), (I/b), (I/c) and (I/d) are purified, if necessary, using a conventional preparation technique and the isomers of said compounds being separated, if desired, using a conventional separation technique.
5. Pharmaceutical compositions containing, as active principle, at least one compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, on its own or in combination with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable, non-toxic, inert 20 excipients or vehicles.
6. Pharmaceutical compositions according to claim 5, containing at least one active principle according to any one of claims 1 to 3 useful in the treatment of cancer. -177.
7.A compound substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples.
8. A process substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples.
9. A composition substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples.
10. Use of a compound as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3 for the preparation of a medicament for use in a method of prophylaxis or treatment.
11. A use substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples.
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FR9107045A FR2677646B1 (en) | 1991-06-11 | 1991-06-11 | NOVEL 1,5-DIYNE-3-CYCLOALCENE DERIVATIVES, THEIR PREPARATION PROCESS AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM. |
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IE921867A1 true IE921867A1 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
IE65580B1 IE65580B1 (en) | 1995-11-01 |
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IE921867A IE65580B1 (en) | 1991-06-11 | 1992-07-01 | Novel 1,5-diyne-3-cycloalkenes process for their preparation and the pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds |
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EP (1) | EP0518753B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0735347B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE115539T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU646166B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2070960A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69200900T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0518753T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2068685T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2677646B1 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3015214T3 (en) |
IE (1) | IE65580B1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA924273B (en) |
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1991
- 1991-06-11 FR FR9107045A patent/FR2677646B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1992
- 1992-06-10 ES ES92401591T patent/ES2068685T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-10 AU AU18106/92A patent/AU646166B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-10 EP EP92401591A patent/EP0518753B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-10 DK DK92401591.0T patent/DK0518753T3/en active
- 1992-06-10 CA CA002070960A patent/CA2070960A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-06-10 AT AT92401591T patent/ATE115539T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-10 DE DE69200900T patent/DE69200900T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-11 JP JP4151889A patent/JPH0735347B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-11 ZA ZA924273A patent/ZA924273B/en unknown
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1995
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JPH0735347B2 (en) | 1995-04-19 |
GR3015214T3 (en) | 1995-05-31 |
FR2677646A1 (en) | 1992-12-18 |
IE65580B1 (en) | 1995-11-01 |
JPH05178775A (en) | 1993-07-20 |
EP0518753A1 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
ES2068685T3 (en) | 1995-04-16 |
ATE115539T1 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
FR2677646B1 (en) | 1993-08-20 |
EP0518753B1 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
DE69200900D1 (en) | 1995-01-26 |
DK0518753T3 (en) | 1995-05-15 |
CA2070960A1 (en) | 1992-12-12 |
ZA924273B (en) | 1993-03-31 |
AU1810692A (en) | 1992-12-17 |
AU646166B2 (en) | 1994-02-10 |
DE69200900T2 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
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