IE84943B1 - An optical connector - Google Patents
An optical connectorInfo
- Publication number
- IE84943B1 IE84943B1 IE2007/0439A IE20070439A IE84943B1 IE 84943 B1 IE84943 B1 IE 84943B1 IE 2007/0439 A IE2007/0439 A IE 2007/0439A IE 20070439 A IE20070439 A IE 20070439A IE 84943 B1 IE84943 B1 IE 84943B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- clamp
- socket
- connector
- housing
- fibre
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 210000000214 Mouth Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003414 Extremities Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000515 Tooth Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001702 transmitter Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003068 static Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000887 Face Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002832 Shoulder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
ABSTRACT An optical connector (1) comprises four main components, namely a clamp 2; a housing 3 into which the clamp (2) slides; two optical elements (4), a transmitter and a receiver; and an EMI metal shield (5) surrounding the elements (4). The clamp (2) has two parallel through holes (10, 11) for receiving fibre terminations, each through- hole having a generally conical mouth (17, 18) for convenient guidance of a fibre termination. Inside of the through-holes (10, ll) there are side resilient clamp members (12), and there is a single central clamp member (13). The clamp (2) is of moulded plastics construction, and the clamp members (12) are resilient in the lateral plane. The central clamp member (13) on the other hand has little flexibility and remains essentially static throughout the clamping operation. Each resilient clamping member (12) has a tooth (15) at its end for snap-fitting engagement with the housing (3) at open and closed positions. Fibre terminations (F) are inserted through the clamp mouths (17, 18) and the through-holes (10, 11) and into the sockets (30) of the housing (3)) The clamp (2) is then simply pushed inwardly so that teeth (35) in the socket walls bite into the fibre claddings.
Description
An Optical Connector
INTRODUCTION
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to coupling of optic fibres with optical elements or other fibres.
Prior Art Discussion
Optical fibres are commonly used for transmitting light from one location to another,
either to communicate data (by switching on and off the light, or by varying its
intensity) or to provide illumination. At one or both ends of the optical fibre it is
necessary to couple the fibre to an optical element. This element may be a light
transmitting element, from which light will enter the fibre; a light detecting element,
to detect light transmitted through the fibre; a light guide of some other type, for
example a lens to guide light to or from the end of the fibre; or the end of another
fibre, in cases where a number of fibres are coupled together to accomplish a purpose.
Optical Fibres may be made of glass (silica), or of plastics (such as PMMA or
Polycarbonate) or of a composite construction, such as a silica core with a cladding of
a polymer material, having a refractive index different from that of the silica, so
guiding the light within the fibre.
Large core (for example lmm) plastic optical fibre (POF) is an alternative to glass
optical fibre. Generally, it can be used for data communication applications for shorter
links. One of the most important features of POF is the relative ease with which it can
be prepared for coupling to optical elements. This makes it very attractive for use in
home or industrial communication networks. Also, because POF can be prepared with
larger diameters than glass fibre, it is more practical for distributing light, when it is
desired to provide illumination at a distance from the light source, for example to
provide illumination in multiple places from a single light source, or to provide
illumination underwater while keeping the electrically operated light source away
from the water.
Optical fibres are typically manufactured with a jacket over the fibre, for example, a
plastic optical fibre may be made with a diameter of 1 mm, and then a covering of
polyethylene, PVC or similar material is added to bring the total diameter up to 2.2
The coupling systems presently used for optical fibres typically involve the fitting of a
plug to the fibre that can be mated with a socket containing an optical element, such as
a light source or detector.
Couplers have also been developed which do not require the fibre to be fitted with a
plug, and provide means for aligning a fibre with an optical element and retaining it in
position. Such a coupler carries a nut and a body provided with a hole into which an
optical fibre may be inserted. On the outside of the body there is a screw thread and a
tapered shape. The nut screws onto this thread, and pushes the two sides of the body
together. When the nut is loose, an optical fibre can be inserted into the hole so that
the end of it is guided to be in contact with the appropriate part of the electro-optical
element. If the nut is then tightened, the two sides of the body will be pressed together
by the action of the taper, and they will grip the fibre so as to hold it in place.
When two fibres are to be used together, the two outer jackets are commonly moulded
together, forming a “figure—of-eight” cable. To insert such a cable into connectors, it is
necessary to separate the two strands so that each may be inserted into the appropriate
location. If this is done by hand, or by the use of low-cost tooling, some damage or
additional material may be present on the circumference of the jacket of each strand
where they have been separated. Where the strands have separated, each has a
projection where they were originally joined, as indicated in Fig. A with the letter P.
When the strand is inserted into a locating hole this additional material may cause the
cable to be eccentric in the hole. This may interfere with the proper alignment
between the core of the optical fibre and the optical element.
The invention is therefore directed towards allowing the coupling of optical fibres to
optical elements or other fibres, without the necessity of fitting a plug to the optical
fibre.
Another objective is to provide for retaining the fibre securely, but allowing it to be
easily released.
Another objective is to achieve relatively low cost for fibre coupling, and/or to occupy
reduced space in the equipment, and/or to optimise the coupling between the fibre and
the optical element, and/or to minimise the time taken to retain or release the fibres.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention there is provided an optical connector comprising:
a housing comprising:
at least one socket for a fibre termination, each socket having a resilient
wall for pressing against a fibre termination inserted n the socket, and
a housing side wall to a lateral side of the socket; and
a clamp comprising at least one clamp member for sliding in the housing in a
direction generally parallel to the socket between outer and inner positions in
the housing, at least one of said clamp members sliding in contact with the
housing wall on one side and with a socket resilient wall on the opposed side
so that it laterally urges the socket resilient wall to grip a fibre termination in
the socket.
In one embodiment, each clamp member engaging the housing wall has a projection at
its extremity, and the housing wall is configured to limit movement of the clamp
member by engagement with the projection.
In one embodiment, the housing wall has a recess for snap-fitting with the projection
to define an outer, open, position.
In one embodiment, the housing wall has a recess for snap—fitting with the projection
to define an, inner, closed position.
In one embodiment, the clamp further comprises a through hole for training a fibre
termination through the clamp and into the socket.
In another embodiment, the through hole has a tapered mouth.
In one embodiment, the clamp is wider at the mouth to provide a finger-grip portion.
In one embodiment, lateral external surfaces of the clamp are curved outwardly and
laterally towards an outer extremity of the clamp.
In one embodiment, the socket resilient wall has a projection for pinching a fibre
termination in the socket.
In a further embodiment, each socket comprises a pair of opposed resilient walls, each
for lateral movement for gripping a fibre termination.
In one embodiment, the housing comprises a pair of parallel sockets, the clamp has a
resilient clamp member are on each lateral side of the pair of sockets, and the clamp
further comprises a central clamp member between the sockets and for urging socket
resilient walls to grip a fibre termination.
In one embodiment, the central clamp member has tapered surfaces for sliding
engagement with the socket resilient walls as the clamp moves between the open and
closed positions.
In one embodiment, each socket comprises a longitudinal recess to accommodate
excess material along the length of a fibre termination.
In another embodiment, the housing further comprises a compartment for retaining an
optical element in registry with a fibre termination in the socket.
In one embodiment, the compartment is behind a separating wall through which each
socket passes.
In one embodiment, the coupler further comprises a metal shield partly surrounding
the compartment, and the compartment comprises a formation for engagement with
the metal shield.
In one embodiment, the compartment comprises divider projections for alignment of
optical element legs.
In one embodiment, the shield has five sides, with an open bottom end for sliding
downwardly around the compartment, and at lest one tab for folding to engage the
housing to retain the shield in place.
In one embodiment, the shield comprises a dividing wall for separation of optical
elements.
In one embodiment, the tabs are configured to retain optical elements in position in
the compartment.
In one embodiment, the dividing wall is configured to provide optical shielding
between adjacent optical elements in the compartment.
In a further embodiment, the housing comprises at least two aligned sockets and there
is a clamp at each end of the housing for clamping opposed fibre terminations in an
end-to-end configuration.
In one embodiment, the housing comprises a transparent membrane between the
aligned sockets.
In one embodiment, the sockets are arranged for abutment of opposed fibre
termination ends, with a restriction to limit fibre movement.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Brief Description of the Drawings
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of some
embodiments thereof, given by way of example only with reference to the
accompanying drawings in which:-
Figs. 1 and 2 are perspective views of an optical connector of the invention, for
coupling of two fibres to transmitter and receiver optical elements;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the connector with a vertical cut-away section,
and Fig. 4 is a perspective view with a horizontal cut-away section;
Figs. 5(a), 5(b) and 5(0) are plan cross-sectional views showing insertion of a
clamp into a housing pf the connector;
Figs. 6(a), 6(b) and 6(0) are similar views of the connector, but including fibre
terminations being secured in place;
Figs. 7 and 8 are top perspective exploded views of the connector from right
and left sides respectively:
Figs. 9 and 10 are underneath perspective exploded views of the connector;
Figs. 11 and 12 are plan cross-sectional views of different end-to-end,
connectors of the invention. for accommodating a single fibre at each end; and
Figs. 13 and 14 are plan cross-sectional views of different end-to-end
connectors of the invention, for accommodating two fibres at each end
Description of the Embodiments
Referring to Figs. 1 to 10 an optical connectorl comprises four main components,
namely:
, a clamp;
a housing into which the clamp 2 slides;
, two optical elements, a transmitter and a receiver; and
, an EMI metal shield surrounding the elements 4.
The clamp 2 has two parallel through holes 10 and 11 for receiving fibre terminations,
each through-hole having a generally conical mouth 17, 18 for convenient guidance of
a fibre termination. Inside of the through—holes 10 and 11 there are side resilient clamp
members 12, and there is a single central clamp member 13. The clamp 2 is of
moulded plastics construction, and the clamp members 12 are resilient in the lateral
plane. The central clamp member 13 on the other hand has little flexibility and
remains essentially static throughout the clamping operation. Each resilient clamping
member 12 has a tooth 15 at its end for snap-fitting engagement with the housing 3 at
open and closed positions, as described in more detail below.
The outer end of the clamp 2, with its flared-out configuration, provides a convenient
finger grip 19. Also, the conical mouths 17 and 18 provide for particularly convenient
insertion of fibre terminations.
The housing 3 has a pair of rigid side walls 31 between which are two sockets 30,
each having a resilient curved side wall 32 and a resilient curved central wall 33.
There is a gap top and bottom between the walls 32 and 33 to allow them to move
closer together to pinch a fibre termination inserted into the socket 30. The pinching is
effected by a ridge 35 on each wall of each socket. The socket 30 walls 33 also
include a longitudinal recess, not shown, for accommodating excess cladding material
arising from the figure-of—eight arrangement. Such material is indicated as P in Fig. A.
The housing 3 also comprises a receiver 20 on each side, each to accommodate a
resilient clamp member 12. Each receiver 20 comprises an outer recess 21 and an
inner recess 22, the former for snap-fitting engagement with the tooth 15 of the
member 12 at an open position, and the latter for engagement with the same projection
at a closed position. The sockets 30 extend through a partition wall 37 in the housing.
which defines a pair of compartments 36 for retaining the optical elements 4. The
compartments 36 are bordered at the top by a top wall having rectangular projections
38 for engagement with the EMI shield 5. Also, the compartments 36 include a lower
series of rearward projections 39 for alignment of optical element leads 40.
The bodies of the optical elements 4 fit within the compartments 36of the housing 3,
so that their leads 40 extend downwardly from the connector, and so that they are
optically aligned with the sockets 30. As is clear in the plan sectional views, inner
ends of the sockets 30 project into the compartments 36, so that they abut optical parts
41, one an emitting diode lens and the other a detector diode lens, aligned with the
sockets 30. The overall construction of the housing 3 is rigid around the outside, so
that there is a small tolerance for registry of the optical elements 4 with the sockets 30.
The EMI shield 5 fits around the end of the housing 3 so that it surrounds the optical
elements 4. It is best viewed in Figs. 7 to 10. It is open at the lower side so that it can
slide downwardly and fit into place. Top apertures 50 engage the projections 38 of the
housing 3. Rear resilient springs 52 press against the rear of the elements 4 to help
retain them in the optimum position. The shield 5 has a front wall 53 which overlies
the partition wall 37 of the housing and shields the maximum possible area to the front
of the elements 4. The shield 5 also has downwardly—projecting ground pins 54 for
earth connection. Also, there are tabs 55 for folding under the housing 3 and tabs 57
for folding into the housing 3 to retain the shield 5 in place. The shield 5 also has a
central divider 56 between the elements 4. The divider 56 has a lower projection for
engagement with a substrate and holding the divider 56 in place against the spring
force exerted by the springs 52.
The arrangement of the shield 5 not only provides for EMI shielding, but also optical
shielding between the optical elements 4 within the connector 1, and retention of the
optical elements 4 in position.
In use, the coupler 1 may be mounted at the edge of a circuit board so that the outer
ends of the sockets 30 face outwardly. The leads 40 of the optical elements 4 are
engaged in plated through holes of the board, as are the ground pins 54 of the EMI
shield 5. As shown in Figs. 6(a) to (c), while the clamp 2 is disengaged from the
housing 3, fibre terminations F are inserted through the clamp mouths l7 and 18 and
the through-holes 10 and 11 and into the sockets 30 of the housing 3. This is
particularly convenient because of the configuration of the mouths 17 and 18.
The clamp 2 is then simply pushed inwardly so that the teeth 15 disengage from the
outer recesses 21, slide within the receivers 20, and engage with the inner recesses 22.
During this movement, tapered surfaces 16 of the clamp elements 12 gradually urge
the side walls 32 of the sockets 30 to a closed position and simultaneously the central
clamp member 13 tapered surfaces urge the socket inner walls 33 to a closed position.
At the clamp 3 closed position, the ridges 35 pinch the fibres F to retain them into
position, their ends abutting the elements 4 at the imier ends of the sockets 30. This
final closed position is shown most clearly in Fig. 6(c). The movement of the clamp 2
towards the closed position is particularly convenient because of the finger—grip
portion 19.
It will be appreciated that the coupler provides very effective gripping of fibres at
correct positions for coupling with optical elements, and that it is very simple to
operate.
In the above embodiment, the connector is for two fibres, and this is particularly
convenient as it is often desirable to couple with both a transmitter element and with a
receiver element at the same physical location. However, in another embodiment the
same principles are applied for only one fibre and one element. Also, in other
embodiments the fibre or fibres are not coupled to optical elements but instead to
other fibres.
Refening to Fig. 11 a coupler 70 has a housing 71 which is symmetrical, and there is a
clamp 72 at each end. Each clamp 72 has a through-hole 73 and a pair of resilient
clamp members 74. The clamp members 74 slide within receivers 75 of the housing
between outer and inner positions to retain a fibre F in a socket 77 which is akin to
the socket 30 of the coupler 1. At their inner ends, the sockets 77 have tapered
shoulders for engaging the ends of the fibres F so that opposed fibres abut each other
with accurate alignment.
Referring to Fig. 12, a coupler 90 is also for butting two fibres, one entering from each
end. The coupler 90 has a symmetrical housing 91, and a clamp 72 at each end for
movement in the same manner as in the coupler 70. However, in this case the housing
has a central transparent membrane 92 between the ends of the fibres.
The fibre-to-fibre coupling can also be achieved for a pair of fibres at each end, as
shown in Figs. 13 and 14. Referring to Fig. 13 a coupler 100 has a symmetrical
housing 101 and a clamp 102 at each end. Each clamp 102 has a pair ofthrough-holes
103, a pair of side resilient clamp members 104, and a central clamp member 105. The
housing 101 has receivers 106 and socket resilient walls 107 and 108. The coupler
operates in a manner akin to the connector 1, in this case bringing two fibres F in each
end so that opposed fibres about each other at the centre of the housing 101.
Referring to Fig. 14, a coupler 120 has a housing 121, and there is a clamp 102 at each
end. This operates in the same manner as the coupler 100, except that there is a
transparent membrane 122 separating the fibre ends. Thus, the fibres F can be pushed
conveniently against the relevant faces of the membrane 122 for passage of light
through to the other fibre.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described but may be varied in
construction and detail. For example, it is not essential that the sockets have ridges or
teeth for pinching the fibre, as instead they may have roughened surfaces for gripping
the fibres as they press against them. Also, it is envisaged that there may not be a
clamp member sliding against a housing wall. For example, the clamp may be in the
form of a cylinder with a tapered internal surface, which is pushed over the socket.
Claims (1)
1.An optical connector comprising: a housing (3) comprising: at least one socket (30) for a fibre termination, each socket having a resilient wall (32, 33) for pressing against a fibre termination (F) inserted n the socket, and a housing side wall (31) to a lateral side of the socket; and a clamp (2) comprising at least one clamp member (12) for sliding in the housing in a direction generally parallel to the socket (30) between outer and inner positions in the housing, at least one of said clamp members (12) sliding in contact with the housing wall (31) on one side and with a socket resilient wall (32) on the opposed side so that it laterally urges the socket resilient wall (32) to grip a fibre termination (F) in the socket. A connector as claimed in claim 1, wherein each clamp member (12) engaging the housing wall has a projection (15) at its extremity, and the housing wall (31) is configured to limit movement of the clamp member by engagement with the projection. A connector as claimed in claim 2, wherein the housing wall (31) has a recess (21) for snap-fitting with the projection (15) to define an outer, open, position. A connector as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the housing wall (31) has a recess (22) for snap-fitting with the projection (15) to define an, inner, closed position. A connector as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the clamp (2) further comprises a through l1ole (10, 11) for training a fibre termination through the clamp and into the socket (30). A connector as claimed in claim 5, wherein the through hole (10, 11) has a tapered mouth (17, 18). A connector as claimed in claim 6, wherein the clamp is wider at the mouth to provide a finger-grip portion (19). A connector as claimed in claim 7, wherein lateral external surfaces of the clamp are curved outwardly and laterally towards an outer extremity of the clamp. A comiector as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the socket resilient wall (32, 33) has a projection (35) for pinching a fibre termination in the socket. A connector as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein each socket (30) comprises a pair of opposed resilient walls (32, 33), each for lateral movement for gripping a fibre termination. A connector as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the housing comprises a pair of parallel sockets (30), the clamp has a resilient clamp member (12) are on each lateral side of the pair of sockets, and the clamp further comprises a central clamp member (13) between the sockets and for urging socket resilient walls (33) to grip a fibre termination. A connector as claimed in claim 11, wherein the central clamp member (13) has tapered surfaces for sliding engagement with the socket resilient walls (33) as the clamp moves between the open and closed positions. A connector as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein each socket comprises a longitudinal recess to accommodate excess material along the length of a fibre termination. A connector as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the housing (3) further comprises a compartment (36) for retaining an optical element in registry with a fibre termination in the socket. A connector as claimed in claim 14, wherein the compartment is behind a separating wall (3 7) through which each socket (30) passes. A connector as claimed in either of claims 14 or 15, wherein the coupler further comprises a metal shield (5) partly surrounding the compartment, and the compartment comprises a formation (38) for engagement with the metal shield (5). A connector as claimed in any of claims 14 to 16, wherein the compartment comprises divider projections (39) for alignment of optical element legs (40). A connector as claimed in either of claims 16 or 17, wherein the shield has five sides, with an open bottom end for sliding downwardly around the compartment, and at lest one tab (55, 57) for folding to engage the housing to retain the shield (5) in place. A connector as claimed in any of claims 14 to 18, wherein the shield (5) comprises a dividing wall (56) for separation of optical elements (4). A connector as claimed in claims 18 or 19, wherein the tabs (55, 57) are configured to retain optical elements in position in the compartment. A connector as claimed in any of claims 18 to 20, wherein the dividing wall (56) is configured to provide optical shielding between adjacent optical elements in the compartment. A connector as claimed in any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the housing comprises at least two aligned sockets (77) and there is a clamp (72) at each end of the housing (71) for clamping opposed fibre terminations in an end-to- end configuration. A connector as claimed in claim 22, wherein the housing (71) comprises a transparent membrane between the aligned sockets. A connector as claimed in claim 22, wherein the sockets are arranged for abutment of opposed fibre termination ends, with a restriction to limit fibre movement at an abutment position. An optical connector comprising: a housing comprising: at least one socket for a fibre termination, each socket having a resilient wall for pressing against a fibre termination inserted n the socket, and a clamp comprising at least one clamp member for sliding in the housing in a direction generally parallel to the socket between outer and inner positions in the housing, at least one of said clamp members sliding in contact with a socket resilient wall so that it laterally urges the socket resilient wall to grip a fibre termination in the socket. An optical connector substantially as described with reference to
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IE2007/0439A IE84943B1 (en) | 2007-06-18 | An optical connector |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IEIRELAND21/06/20062006/0465 | |||
IE20060465 | 2006-06-21 | ||
IE2007/0439A IE84943B1 (en) | 2007-06-18 | An optical connector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IE20070439A1 IE20070439A1 (en) | 2008-02-06 |
IE84943B1 true IE84943B1 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
Family
ID=
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