IE83620B1 - An apparatus for removing pyrophoric catalyst - Google Patents
An apparatus for removing pyrophoric catalystInfo
- Publication number
- IE83620B1 IE83620B1 IE2000/1041A IE20001041A IE83620B1 IE 83620 B1 IE83620 B1 IE 83620B1 IE 2000/1041 A IE2000/1041 A IE 2000/1041A IE 20001041 A IE20001041 A IE 20001041A IE 83620 B1 IE83620 B1 IE 83620B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- bag
- container
- catalyst
- base
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036633 rest Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
An Apparatus for removing pyrophoric catalyst
lntroduction
The invention relates to a factory scale apparatus for carrying out a
hydrogenation reaction.
Hydrogenation reactions are frequently carried out in the presence of a
pyrophoric catalyst such as Raney Nickel. This presents a serious difficulty
because flammable liquids such as methanol or ethanol are often used as
hydrogenation solvents. The removal of the catalyst from the reaction
mixture after the hydrogenation reaction is complete, presents serious
difficulties. Generally the reaction mixture is passed through a filter, the
catalyst is filtered out and removed in a closed circuit.
Handling of the resultant catalyst presents difficulties and the commonly
used multiplate filters, which necessitate generation of hazardous dry
material, require extensive safety precautions and extended operation times
to facilitate safe removal of the catalyst.
US-A-4021354 describes a pressure filter comprising an outer casing having a
filter basket supported therein. The filter basket comprises a tubular
imperforate metallic shell with a sintered stainless steel filter disc welded to
the lower end of the shell. Such a pressure filter is not suitable for use with
fine metallic catalyst as the sintered disc readily clogs during operation.
Removal of catalyst from the pores requires reverse flow of water and
frequent use of acid to dissolve trapped material.
DE-A—3136905 describes a pressure filter including a sieve basket of the same
type as that described in US-A-4021354 and similar disadvantages apply.
There is therefore a need for an improved cost effective filter apparatus for
removing a pyrophoric catalyst which will overcome these problems.
Statements of Invention
According to the invention there is provided a filter apparatus for recovery of spent
hydrogenation catalyst—rich material, the apparatus comprising:—
a pressure filter container having a base, a sidewall extending upwardly from
the base and terminating in an upper rim;
the container having a perforated filter plate which is supported in spaced-
apart relation to the base;
a removable lid for closing the upper rim of the container;
the lid having a main inlet for pyrophoric catalyst—rich material;
a removable filter bag of flexible solvent / water permeable material for
placing in the container below the lid;
the bag having a top rim and a base;
a releasable clamp for clamping the top rim of the bag in position against the
container sidewall;
the base of the bag being supported on the filter plate for collection of filtered
spent pyrophoric catalyst material; and
the lid having a water inlet for wetting of the spent pyrophoric catalyst
material prior to removal of the bag.
In a preferred embodiment the lid comprises a solvent inlet for recovering the
product from the catalyst in the bag and the base of the container has an outlet for
discharge of product—rich solvent from the container. Ideally the bag is of
multifilament woven material. This ensures a large multilayer filter surface area
which is not prone to blockage.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention the bag is of acid
resistant polypropylene multifilament weave. Thus if blockages occur the
filter can be reversed and flushed with high pressure water and if necessary
soaked in dilute HCl acid. Alternatively the bags may be replaced at a
predetermined frequency.
In one embodiment the filter bag is releasably mounted to the container.
Preferably the filter apparatus includes releasable mounting means for
tightening and de-mounting the filter bag from the container. The bag may
be fitted with sewn lifting straps and removed by hoist into drums for off-
site recovery of catalyst.
The filter container is preferably mounted on a transportable chassis.
Preferably the chassis is a wheeled chassis.
The apparatus may be used in a batch process for carrying out a
hydrogenation reaction comprising the steps of:-
mixing a pyrophoric catalyst with reactants and solvents to form a
reaction mixture in a reaction vessel;
adding hydrogen to the reaction vessel;
after hydrogenation, removing the desired hydrogenation product
from the reaction vessel;
delivering the pyrophoric catalyst-rich material from the reaction
vessel to a pressure filter;adding water to the pyrophoric catalyst-rich
material in the filter; and
removing the spent pyrophoric material from the pressure filter in a
water wet form.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the pressure filter is a single
plate pressure filter, the catalyst being held in the filter in a water wet form.
In one embodiment the catalyst is Raney Nickel.
Preferably the contents of the reaction vessel are decanted after
hydrogenation, the desired hydrogenation product being substantially
removed while allowing the catalyst—rich material to settle at the bottom of
the vessel.
Preferably the reaction vessel is an agitated vessel, the agitator being stopped
to allow the catalyst to settle at the bottom of the vessel.
In one embodiment of the invention the process includes the step of washing
the catalyst—rich material in the filter with a solvent to recover residual
desired hydrogenation product.
The pressure filter may be fitted with a removable filter bag and in this case
the water wet catalyst is preferably removed from the bag and the bag is
reusable. Alternatively the bag containing the catalyst is removed and sent
for catalyst recovery.
Detailed Description of the Drawing
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following
description given by way of example only with reference to the
accompanying drawings in which:—
Fig.1 is a perspective view from the front of a filter apparatus of the
invention;
Fig.2 is a perspective view from the side of the filter apparatus of Fig.
1/_
Fig.3A is an exploded perspective view of a removable filter bag and
associated clamping band;
Fig. 3B is a perspective view of the filter bag in position;
Fig. 4 is a top view of a clam—shell lid of the filter apparatus of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the filter apparatus of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following
description given by way of example only.
The invention utilises a process wherein, after hydrogenation, a reaction
mixture is decanted, the desired hydrogenation product is substantially
removed and catalyst rich material which settles at the bottom of the vessel is
delivered to a single plate pressure filter. The spent catalyst is retained in the
filter bag while the product rich solvent is led away from the bottom outlet of
the pressure filter to a receiving vessel. The retained catalyst material is
washed with a solvent to recover residual product and then washed with
water to saturate the catalyst material which is then safely and easily
transferred to drums and stored under water awaiting recovery.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 5 there is illustrated a filter apparatus 1 of the
invention. The filter apparatus 1 comprises a container having a domed base
2, a generally cylindrical sidewall 3 terminating in an upper rim 4 closed by a
removable lid 5 having lifting lugs 6. The lid 5 is fixed in pressure-tight
engagement with the sidewall 3 by flange engaging screw clamps 7 and an
embedded polytetrafluoroethene gasket 8.
The filter container has a single removable, perforated filter plate 9 which is
supported in spaced-apart relation from the base 2 by supports 12. The base
2 has an outlet 10 below the filter plate 9. The outlet 10 is fitted with an
outlet valve 13 for discharge of product-rich solvent .
The lid 5 has several fittings including a main catalyst inlet line 15, a decant
inlet valve 16 and a water wash inlet line 17. A light port 18, a sight glass 19,
pressure relief line 20 and a nitrogen purge line 21 are also provided. An
earth clip 22 is located on the lid 5.
The filter container has two jacketed coils 30 with inlet and outlets 31, 32.
The jackets may be heated or cooled, as required, to heat or cool the contents
of the filter container. A hot water pressure release device 23 and a hot water
overflow 27 are also provided.
Referring especially to Fig. 3 there is illustrated a removable filter bag 40 of
water / solvent permeable material, typically of acid resistant polypropylene
weave (about 10 micron pores), with a top rim 41 held in position against
the side wall 3 of the filter container by a band 11. A releasable ring clamp 42
is provided on the band 11. The clamp 42 is adjustable to maximise the
diameter of band 11 and thus tighten the filter bag rim 41 against the filter
side wall 3. The bottom of the filter bag 40 rests on a perforated filter plate 9
which is supported by a filter plate support 12. The filter is inerted by first
applying a vacuum and then breaking the vacuum with nitrogen. Most of
the contents of a reaction vessel after settling are pressure decanted from the
reaction vessel and fed into the closed single plate pressure filter apparatus 1
through an inlet line 16. Liquid free of catalyst is discharged through the
bottom outlet valve 13 and transferred to a receiving vessel. The residual
catalyst in the reaction vessel is fed to the filter through the larger inlet line
followed by a solvent wash to recover residual product. The spent
catalyst is retained in a filter bag 40 while the desired product is drained off
and removed, by applying pressure to the apparatus 1, through to a
receiving vessel via the outlet valve 13. Water is then added through the
wash inlet line 17 to wash out residual solvent to waste and to saturate the
retained catalyst material. The pressure in the filter apparatus 1 is released
and the lid 5 is removed by passing a chain through the lugs 6 and hoisting
the lid 5 off. Water saturated catalyst is scooped directly to drums and
stored under water. Alternatively the filter bag 40 is lifted out and the water
wet catalyst is removed and stored for disposal. The filter bag 40 may be
reused. Alternatively the filter bag 40 is lifted out of the pressure filter and
the bag containing catalyst charged to a drum where it is stored under water
and sent for catalyst recovery.
The filter container is mounted on a wheeled chassis 50 so that the filter
apparatus may be easily moved from one location to another.
The invention provides a simple, cheap and rapid method for removing
spent pyrophoric catalyst from hydrogenation catalyst-rich material. The
filter apparatus is cheap to set up and maintain. By keeping the pyrophoric
catalyst water wet the catalyst does not pose a safety hazard and may be
easily taken from the filter apparatus 1 in removable filter bags 40 and safely
and easily transferred to drums containing water for storage and recovery.
The filter surface area is readily cleaned and reused or alternatively is
disposable.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments hereinbefore described
which may be varied in detail within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. Filter apparatus for recovery of spent hydrogenation catalyst—rich material, the apparatus comprising:— 5 a pressure filter container having a base, a sidewall extending upwardly from the base and terminating in an upper rim; the container having a perforated filter plate which is supported in 10 spaced—apart relation to the base; a removable lid for closing the upper rim of the container; the lid having a main inlet for pyrophoric catalyst—rich material; 15 a removable filter bag of flexible solvent / water permeable material for placing in the container below the lid; the bag having a top rim and a base; 20 a releasable clamp for clamping the top rim of the bag in position against the container sidewall; the base of the bag being supported on the filter plate for collection of 25 filtered spent pyrophoric catalyst material; and the lid having a water inlet for wetting of the spent pyrophoric catalyst material prior to removal of the bag. Filter apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the lid comprises a solvent inlet for recovering the product from the catalyst in the bag and the base of the container has an outlet for discharge of product-rich solvent from the container. Filter apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the bag is of multifilament woven material. Filter apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the bag is of acid resistant polypropylene weave. Filter apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the filter container is mounted on a transportable chassis. Filter apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein the chassis is a wheeled chassis.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IE2000/1041A IE83620B1 (en) | 2000-12-18 | An apparatus for removing pyrophoric catalyst |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IEIRELAND17/12/19991999/1063 | |||
IE991063 | 1999-12-17 | ||
IE2000/1041A IE83620B1 (en) | 2000-12-18 | An apparatus for removing pyrophoric catalyst |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IE20001041A1 IE20001041A1 (en) | 2002-03-20 |
IE83620B1 true IE83620B1 (en) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
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