HU200499B - Roof skeleton structure particularly for covering halls - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention that the lower belt (2) and the upper belt (3) consist of spaced apart metal, preferably steel sections, between which the oblique bars (4) and the bars (5) are fixed. The grid columns (5) are perpendicular to the upper belt (3) and are mounted in an upwardly extending manner. At the extending end of the lattice columns (5), it is generally attached to the screens (6) formed by the at least two sections (6a, 6b). (Figure 1). Scope of the description: 12 pages, Figure 7 -1

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a roof-frame structure which can be used primarily for covering large span halls.

In recent years, a number of lightweight spam types have been developed worldwide. They are usually covered by a roof covering that is mounted in frames, fixed to steel beams parallel to the longitudinal direction of the building.

Ceilings in steel lattice halls are determined by the maximum height (frame spacing) and usually this is the size of the overall hall height. In the majority of cases, the components of the trusses (their bars, columns, trusses) are of solid cross-section, and the longitudinal sections are usually made of solid section profiles. The currently known halls are made to a specific dimension (span, frame spacing, etc.) and the frame beams also have a fixed, defined upper bend. This necessarily results in the identity (parallelism) of the upper belt of the trusses and the bending of the shell. This circumstance restricts designers, for example, in the choice of roofing material, height division of interiors, etc. The height of the halls for various purposes (eg production halls, storage halls, etc.) is usually determined by the height of the highest mechanical equipment operating inside the hall. In such cases, high ceilings are generally unnecessary in other parts of the hall.

For example, U.S. Patent No. 2,254,279 discloses a roof frame structure having two upper and lower waistbands of lower and upper belts. V-section open-section - they are connected to each other by grid bars. Some of the lattice bars are inclined, the other lattice bars are vertical and their ends remain within the outer plane of the lumbar bars. The grid ends are bent. The bending operation requires a special pressing tool. Special clamping and clamping devices are required to weld the inclined grid bars and their belts (welding edges). With this roof-frame structure, parts of halls of different heights within a hall can not be formed and arched roof linings cannot be connected to them.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a roof-skeleton structure which, while maintaining the structural system and geometric dimensions, in particular its height, of lattice steel main supports, has various angular shells and / or spaces with different ceilings (e.g. ).

The present invention is based on the following findings:

- if main lattice structures with a slanted upper belt are used to provide maximum span distances and the lattice columns are not installed in the currently generally vertical position, but perpendicular to the upper belt, with each lattice pillar extending equally over the upper belt, - in the case of shelling parallel to the upper belt, the shell shall be provided with the projected inclined surface, without further action or assistance. It is further recognized that by attaching double (split) 2-section ribs to the ends of the lattice columns extending beyond the upper belt so that the semi-sectional lattice columns are symmetrically encircled, the material is made to have a high torsional rigidity with favorable material insertion. Finally, it has been found that by choosing the stretching length of some of the lattice columns differently from the others, interior spaces of different headroom can be formed without changing the structural system and height of the main supports.

Based on the above findings, the object of the present invention has been solved by the use of a roof frame structure having main supports having an oblique upper belt, preferably a horizontal lower belt, oblique lattice bars, and lattice columns, and having a. in essence, the lower belt and the upper belt consist of spaced metal sections, preferably steel, between which are inclined lattice bars and lattice posts; the lattice pillars are perpendicular to the upper belt and are mounted above it; and that they are connected to the overhanging end of the lattice columns by a web formed by at least two sections.

A preferred embodiment of the roof-frame structure is characterized in that the lattice columns and / or oblique lattice bars are formed by bars of closed section, for example rectangular cross-section.

According to another aspect of the invention, the lower belt and / or upper belt and / or the sectional sections are steel C, and / or L sections.

In a further embodiment, the main carrier comprises a plurality of parts, each of which is connected to each other by releasable connections, such as welded face plates and fasteners, preferably by means of screws.

Finally, in many cases, it may be expedient to have the lattice pillars extending differently from the upper belt.

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show preferred embodiments of the roof-frame structure and important structural details thereof. In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a main carrier of a preferred embodiment of a roof frame structure according to the invention;

2-6. Figures 1 to 4 show a schematic front view similar to that of Figure 1, further embodiments of the roof frame structure;

Figure 7 shows a detail of Figure A in Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a top view of the node of Figure 7; Figure 9 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is an enlarged scale C of Figure 1;

Figure 11 is a sectional view taken along the line D-D in Figure 10;

Figure 12 is an enlarged detail E of Figure 1;

Figure 13 is a sectional view taken along the line F-F in Figure 12.

In Figure 1, the main truss frame of the roof-frame structure is denoted by reference numeral 1 in its entirety. The main holder 1 has a horizontal lower belt 2, a sloping upper 3 belt,

EN 200499 Inclined lattice bars and 5 lattice columns which are perpendicular to the inclined upper belt 3, i.e., at an angle α to the vertical. The angle α is preferably between 2 * -10 *. The upper end of the lattice pillars extends over the upper belt 3, in other words the lattice posts extend beyond the upper belt. The projections at the ends of the lattice column are surrounded by the sections 6a, 6b of the split sectional ribs, all of which are designated 6, which in the present embodiment are steel C profiles. The

In Fig. 1, the downward slope of the upper belt 3 (in two opposite directions) is indicated by the reference letter.

The detail A in FIG. . Figures 8 and 9 show that not only the flap 6, but also the top belt 3 has a split profile; the sections 3a, 3b are also made of steel Q profiles which are spaced f apart and which surround the steel column 5 of rectangular cross-section, of course perpendicular to the direction of the rib 6. The lattice column 5 has fasteners 7, e.g. It is secured to the sections 6a, 6b of the flange 6 by means of nut nuts 12.

Figures 1 and 11 are, to a larger extent, detail C in Figure 1; in Figures 10 and 11, the reference numerals used previously refer to the same structural elements, as appropriate. The ends of the inclined grid bars 4 do not extend beyond the upper plane of the upper belt 3 and are trapped between its sections 3a, 3b, e.g. they are welded there. At the ends of the pair of sections 3a, 3b, which are inclined in opposite directions, vertical end plates 8a, 8b are welded, which are flush with one another and fastened with fasteners 7, e.g. they are secured to each other with the bolts. In this way, the two parts of the whole main carrier 1 (Fig. 1) are connected to each other by a releasable connection.

In Figures 12 and 13, detail E in Figure 1 is shown in larger scale, and the components already described are denoted by reference numerals already used. At the center (Fig. 1) of the sections of the split bottom belt 2 spaced apart from one another, the end plates 9a, 9b are welded together and joined by means of releasable fasteners 7, e.g. they are secured to each other with the bolts.

Fig. 2 illustrates that in a hall covered with a roof frame structure according to the invention, different ceiling heights can be achieved by extending some of the lattice columns 5a over the upper belt 3 more than the other lattice columns 5. In the example of Fig. 2, the central three or three lattice columns 5a have a length h2 greater than the other lattice bars 5 so that the side openings 13 can be used to illuminate the hall. The dashed shells 12, 12a, of course, extend at different heights, but have the same slope.

3, it has been found that a shell 12 with an arrow b other than the slope a of the upper belt 3 may be formed by the roof frame structure according to the invention, starting from the ends 5b only. the height of the columns shall be increased towards the center of the main carrier.

Figure 4 shows that, while retaining the structural system and geometric dimensions of the main carrier 1, an arched shell 12b can be used, only the variable height of the lattice columns 5c need to be varied according to the intended shell curvature. The advantage of curved sheathing is that it can be made of a single sheet in cross-section or, if it is made of several pieces, there is no need to fit the sheathing sheet along the highest line (ridge line) because it bends in one piece; Thus, a constant source of error can be eliminated.

Previously, Figures 10-13. Figs. 4 to 5 make it possible to make the main racks in several pieces by means of front-to-back solder joints, which simplifies transport and provides a wide range of variations. The main carrier 1 of the roof frame assembly of Fig. 5 is composed of three parts I, H and;; references H1 and H2 are welded connections, and reference numbers L1 and L2 are denoted as end-plate connections. The main supports 1 of the roof-frame structure shown in Fig. 6 have only H1, H2 front plate connections on the lower belt 2 and the upper belt 3 and these main supports 1 are made up of two parts IV, V. Referring to Figures 5 and 6, reference numerals and symbols used previously, as appropriate, are used.

Advantageous effects of the invention may be summarized as follows:

our roof-frame structure offers greater variation than currently known structures for similar purposes. The span can also be varied, as the simple manufacturing capability resulting from the simple design (without knot plate) provides a way to change the geometry of the main carrier, including the span. A further significant advantage is that, while maintaining simple training in terms of design, manufacture and installation, the bending of the roofing can be varied and spaces of different heights can be provided in the interior. This makes it easier, for example. design of skylights. The material utilization of the structure is also optimal, so its economic efficiency is favorable, since the construction of the main supports and beams from the split sections provides the possibility of locally reinforcing the heavily used elements, e.g. in the case of their belts, by the local attachment of additional belts ('strap of equivalent strength'). Dual profile main racks make it easy to fit interior enclosure elements, eg. ceilings; heat-insulating structures, etc. suspension, since the link bar can extend beyond the gap between the lower belt profiles. Finally, if the lattice columns have the same degree of elongation at the upper belt, i.e. the slope of the shell is equal to that of the upper belt, the upper surface of the shell sections, without any additional or additional elements for the shell,

The invention is, of course, not limited to the embodiments detailed above, but may be practiced in many ways within the scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS Roof-frame structure, in particular for covering halls having an oblique upper belt, preferably a horizontal lower belt, oblique grid bars, and EN 200499 The main supports having lattice columns, and the associated sashes, are formed and the lower and upper belts are formed of spaced metal sections, preferably steel, between which the oblique lattice bars and lattice posts are fixed, characterized in that the lattice posts (5, 5a, 5b, 5c) are perpendicular to the upper belt (3) and mounted in a way extending upwardly therefrom and having at least two sections (a) extending therebetween the projection end of the lattice columns (5, 5a, 5b, 5c). , 6b) are connected by the ribs (6). Roof frame structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lattice columns (5, 5a, 5b, 5c) and / or oblique lattice bars (4) are formed by bars of closed section, for example rectangular cross-section (Fig. 8). Roof frame structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower belt (2) and / or the upper belt (3) and / or the sections (2a, 2b; 3a, 3b; 6a) of the web (6). 6b) steel C and / or L prescriptions. 4. Roof frame structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main carrier (1) consists of several parts (I, Π, ΙΠ, IV, V) and each part has releasable connections, for example welded hom10 sheet metal (8a, 8b; 9a, 9b). and fasteners (7), preferably screwed together (Figures 5, 6 and 11-13). 5. Roof frame structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lattice columns 15 (5a, 5b, 5c) are extending differently from the upper belt (3) (Figures 2-4).