HU197381B - Method for producing space limiting structures - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing spatial limiting devices. With fiber-reinforced cement-bonded shells and between them, hard plastic foam panels (53) with thermal insulation layers are joined together. One shell is trapezoidal. They are placed in the cavities (54) of the cavities, or they are made of monolithic reinforced concrete, in the case of walls (1) pillars (11, 12, 13), and in the case of slabs (2) they are ribs or head plates (Fig. 1). 197381 -1-

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for the production of confining structures.

Spatial boundary structures of buildings play a decisive role both in the appearance of buildings and in their internal usability. In the initial stages of industrialization of construction a. The enclosing structures were made of hand masonry elements, which made it possible to create a very varied structure, satisfying a wide variety of demands. According to the low technical level, hand masonry elements can be used to construct enclosures without the use of any kind of machine. Subsequently, this advantage has become a major obstacle to industrialization efforts, as the mechanization of the industrialized mode of construction can only be difficult.

However, mass housing construction can only be achieved through industrialized methods. Obviously, these required the development of field boundary elements, which can be optimally utilized in the capacity of large mechanical equipment. happens in house factories. Large prefabricated panels can be quickly assembled into a building using mechanized methods, but only knit structures can be used. The prefabricated panel construction is thus primarily intended to meet the high-quality requirements rather than the high-quality ones.

After meeting the quantitative demands, society is increasingly and increasingly facing quality demands for a place to live. The level of quality requirements will now be increasingly determined by future homeowners, who will play the role of builder. These require buildings that are increasingly family-house, semi-detached and terraced houses to have an attractive appearance and a variable interior distribution that is adapted to the family life and division of labor. However, it is not possible to meet these needs by revitalizing the traditional hand-masonry unit construction, as it would be a major economic disadvantage to abandon the benefits of mechanization at the new technical level, but it would not be possible to generate mass skilled labor in the initial period.

Many suggestions are known for the so-called. in the framework of carcass technology for the rising walls of various structures, especially residential buildings. The essence of carcass technology is that a hollow building element made of a thermally insulating material, usually lightweight concrete, has a special geometry, usually made of blocks - a wall that has interlocking horizontal and vertical ducts. These ducts are provided with iron reinforcement as needed, and the duct system is then filled with hig mnolite concrete to form a load-bearing reinforced concrete framework surrounded by a heat-insulating material once the concrete has solidified. The disadvantages of these solutions are the high demand for live labor and also problems with building physics.

Slippers have been developing a medium-sized system of lightweight and heat-insulating elements throughout the world in recent decades that allows home-based construction with relatively little machine effort. The common disadvantage of these solutions is that the elements are fragile, and in most cases the walls made of them are inadequate to meet the increased thermal insulation requirements, at most with the addition of additional structures (such as insulating edges) which excessively increase wood thicknesses and weights. they do not allow for the elimination of snow hiccups in the walls, they contain cumbersome connections, and they assume a demanding background industry (building material, structural assortment, etc.) which is not required everywhere Another disadvantage is that the walls and slabs they are not uniform, the structures obtained by assembling the elements have a relatively low degree of maturity (eg lack of outer and inner casing) and do not take into account the satisfaction of HVAC requirements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for making wall enclosures, particularly ascending walls, of buildings, especially home-made dwellings, which allows for a technically impeccable wall and ceiling structure within a short span of time.

The present invention is based on the following findings:

if lightweight auxiliary elements - insulating panels - are used for the construction of enclosure structures which have sufficient thermal insulation per se, they have a shock and weatherproof sheathing and are thermally and watertightly connected to each other and, due to their geometric design, At the very least, to conceal most of the load-bearing structural members, buildings of equivalent physical or physical use can be constructed in a short period of time with minimal labor input and machine use. The invention is further based on the discovery that sandwich panels made of exterior planar, internally corrugated - or trapezoidal, and between them are plastic foam-reinforced, plastic-bonded sheets of sandwich panels. Such sheets, in addition to their excellent impact and weather resistance, can be well associated with conventional building materials and adhere very well to the surface of the thermally insulating foam layer. Parts of the load-bearing frame structure, such as monolithic reinforced concrete columns for walls and beams for slabs, can be inserted or formed in the recesses of the inner slab profiles. In this case, the auxiliary elements act as permanent formwork structures.

On the basis of these findings, the object of the present invention has been solved by a method for producing spatially enclosing structures having load-bearing elements and thermal insulation, characterized in that the spatially enclosing structure is provided with adjacent fiber reinforced cement binder shells and the space between them being formed by panels with surface insulating layers, preferably with a hard plastic nhb layer with recesses in at least one of their wide sides, and load-bearing elements formed in and / or located on at least a portion of these panel cavities. In a preferred embodiment of the method, panels having a trapezoidal shell on one side and a flat plate shell on the other side are provided.

In the case of rising walls, first of all, it is expedient to take action to establish a watertight connection between adjacent panels.

There are various ways of forming a waterproofing connection. For example, it may be desirable to place the watertight connection in a gap between the face faces of one of the adjacent panels, preferably of the exterior, with a resilient, preferably rubber-shaped, sealing strip; it is formed by permanently filling the area of the gap outwardly from the sealing strip with a resilient putty and by placing a linear closure in the space between adjacent thermal insulation layers. In this case, generally, a C-shaped closure profile facing the sealing strip with a concave side made of a resilient plastic material is placed in the space between the insulating layers, but it is also possible to insert a linear body of elastically deformable plastic as a closure into the space. most of it is filled.

According to another feature of the invention, the joint 4 to be formed is joined to a panel 4 having a joint made of wood with longitudinal edges of the joint having recessed grooves spaced apart in the region of the thermal insulation layer; resilient material lip-sealing profiles, preferably made of rubber, close to each other in the grooves closer to the outside of the panel, while inserting in the other pair of grooves a straight resilient zero plate and sealing the gap between adjacent shells on the outside of the sealing profiles . In this case, it is expedient to tighten the adjacent panels by means of the connecting rods formed by a steel bar with threaded ends extending into the openings behind the connection strips and screwed into the ends of the connection strips.

According to another embodiment, the joints to be made watertight at their longitudinal edges are joined with panels made of wood and having a sawtooth profile in the region of the heat insulating layer, such that the teeth of the adjacent strips Who.

According to a further feature of the invention, the waterproofing connection between adjacent panels is secured by sealing two professional sealing sheets, preferably sheet steel, in the region of the outer and inner planes of the outer shell and filling the space between adjacent thermal insulation layers with plastic foam. Who. In this case, it is advantageous to use U-profile joint sealing plates with an outwardly directed stem, in addition to which the sealing plates are located on the outer plane of the outer shells and the inner plates having tensioning edges on the lower surface of these shells.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method, the load-bearing elements are formed as monolithic reinforced concrete pillars in the case of rising walls or in the case of slabs as monolithic reinforced concrete ribs (beams). In this case, the panels serve as permanent shuttering elements in the structure and also provide thermal insulation. Otherwise, usually a monolithic (reinforced concrete) slab is formed over the slab ribs, preferably with mesh reinforcement.

According to another advantageous feature of the invention, the panels are placed adjacent to one another by vertical or substantially vertical cavities of trapezoidal cross section, facing the space to be delimited, securing the panels in their design position and, where appropriate, forming watertight connections between them; sealing the cavities on the inside with cladding panels, which are preferably final finishing elements, such as gypsum board, by covering these cladding members with the inside of the panels and securing the cladding members to the panels; and thereafter, at least the cavities at the joints of the panels are formed into concrete load-bearing pillars, preferably after the iron installation.

It is expedient to place plumbing wires in the panel cavities without the load-bearing element or / and these cavities 10, e.g. loose structure - filled with thermal insulation materials, preferably expanded perlite.

In a further embodiment, the monolithic reinforced concrete corner posts 15 of the ascending walls are formed on the outer side such that, e.g. one of the adjacent panels connected at right angles has been covered with a heat seal on the front! close and form the shuttering with the remaining cladding elements and then concrete the corner cavity, where appropriate after the installation of the iron fitting. It is also possible to form the monolithic reinforced concrete corner posts of the rising walls on the inside by forming a cavity open to the space to be delimited, preferably forming part of one of the connecting panels, with a heat-insulated double-shell corner element 30 and then concreting the corner cavity, if appropriate after placing iron hardware.

Although most of the residual shuttering elements used in the process of the invention are thermal insulating panels, according to the invention, prefabricated load-bearing elements, such as steel I-supports, are preferably housed within the panel cavities. This solution can be used primarily when making walls 40 and can be combined with the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete columns in the same wall structure.

It is preferable to use panels with the minimum thickness of the thermal insulation layer to meet the required thermal insulation requirement.

In order to construct a spacer structure of greater thickness, in particular a rising wall according to the invention, two panels are placed facing each other 50 and the resulting cavities are optionally filled with reinforced concrete, at least in the joints of adjacent panel pairs. we turn out 55.

Finally, when constructing rising walls, it is desirable to place in the plinth the orientation anchoring pins 60, preferably formed by angular steels, which facilitate the positioning of the panels and which are concreted into the pillars.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGS.

Figure 6 illustrates an embodiment of the processable building as well as major structural details thereof. 1 is an axonometric view of a detail of a building made by the method of the invention; FIG. a cross-section of a heat-insulating panel is shown on the second panel; Figure 3 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of a wall section made by connecting two adjacent panels of Figure 2;

FIG. 4A is a perspective cross-sectional view of the cornering capabilities of the ascending walls of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of a wall structure made by facing the panels of Figure 2; Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view showing the thermal and watertight joints of two panels of Figure 2; 8-11. FIGS. 7A and 2B show nodal solutions having the same purpose as FIG.

Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view showing a partition element for making partitions useful for the method of the invention;

Figure 13 is a top plan view of the possibility of attaching various structural partitions to a main wall made by the process of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view of a slab made of the panels of Figure 2;

Fig. 15 is a vertical sectional view showing a connection between the ascending wall and the plinth made in accordance with the invention;

Figure 16 is a vertical sectional view showing the possibility of installing a window into a vertical wall made by the method of the invention;

Figure 17 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 16.

As shown in Fig. 1, the base 5 of the building according to the invention (slate), 51 feet projecting upwards (e.g. brick or monolithic concrete) is connected to the foot. 1 rising walls (main walls); It has 2 slabs, 50 roof structures and 3 partitions. At the junction of the main wall 2 and the ascending walls 1, a monolithic reinforced concrete wreath 6 containing reinforcing steel inserts 53 extends. One of the windows built into the ascending wall is marked with 4 reference numbers.

The rising walls 1 and the slab 2 of the building of Fig. 1 are made in accordance with the present invention with the insulating panels shown throughout in Fig. 2, denoted by 53, as residual shuttering elements. The panel 53 has an outer shell 7 formed by a slip sheet, an inner shell 8 formed by a trapezoidal sheet, and a heat insulating layer 9 formed by a hard plastic foam (POR foam) therebetween. The shells 7 and 8 are made of fiber reinforced sheet, preferably reinforced with polypropylene fibers, and the hard plastic foam is produced in situ between said shells. This combination of materials is extremely advantageous: cementitious sheets have excellent vapor barrier properties and are therefore very physically advantageous and the plastic foam with the required thermal insulation value adheres very well to the rough surface of the shells. In addition, the strength, impact resistance, weather resistance and toughness of the shells meet the requirements in this respect.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the height m of the heat-insulating panel 53 (Fig. 1) used to make the ascending walls (i.e., floor-height panels are preferably used in the method of the invention) and width (Fig. 2). and, in particular, should be chosen having regard to the mobility of the panel, preferably 600 mm or 900 mm; the panels should preferably be movable by two people without the use of mechanical force. In addition, the dimensions of the panels 53 used in the slab construction should be adapted to the particular slab construction technology.

Returning to Figure 2, the total width b of panel 53 is e.g. 210 mm; the thickness v of the shells 7, 8 is 6-10 mm; the value ti may be 200 mm and the value tz 150 mm. The minimum thickness of the thermal insulation (plastic foam) 9 is generally 60 mm and is in accordance with the current requirements for snow.

From the panels 53 shown in larger scale in Figure 2, the walls 1 - external main walls - are constructed by placing these panels side by side in an upright vertical position and temporarily securing them in this position. As shown in Fig. 3, the insulating cores 9 of adjacent panels 53 are adjacent to one another along the vertical joining plane x and form a cavity 54 with the same vertical trapezoidal section as the adjacent ribs 8 of the inner panel formed by the trapezoidal sheet. . In these cavities 54, as shown in Figure 1, reinforcing steel inserts 52 are placed, sealing the cavities by placing the inner casing 10 and rigidly securing the panels 53 to the inner side, i.e., the interior 55, and filling the cavities with monolithic concrete. thus forming the intermediate reinforced concrete pillars 11. In Figure 3, ceak is shown as such an intermediate pillar 11, where the adjacent panels 53 are connected to one another. As a material for the inner casing 10, it is desirable to have a final surface-forming material, e.g. use drywall boards.

Figures 1 and 4, 5 also illustrate two types of wall corners; in both cases reinforced concrete corner posts are placed on the wall corners, which are designated by 12 and 13, respectively. The corner pillar 12 shown in Figure 4 requires a rib 53 and a slightly different design 53a. The latter has a rib 56, elongated with respect to Fig. 2, and sealed with a face plate 8a, the free surface of the insulating core 9 of which abuts the free surface of such a core 9 of the panel 53. Again, the residual formwork of the pillar 12 is formed by the inner shell portions 8, 8a of the panels 53, 53a and the inner casing elements IC from the interior 55.

To form the corner pillar 13 of Fig. 5, a panel 53 of Fig. 2 and a panel 53b with slightly modified sections are required. The structural elements described previously are denoted by the reference numerals already used. Panel 53b differs from panel 53 of Figure 2 in that a rectangular triangular corner member 14 is connected to one end of the panel and is formed by two plastic foam cores 9a enclosed by two shell panels 7a, 8a it forms one unit. The same applies to the connection between the fiber-reinforced cement-bonded sheets 7a, 8a and the sheathing plates 7, 8. In this case, the inner shell 8 of the panels 53, 53b and the shell 8a of the corner-forming member 14, as well as the inner covering elements 10, preferably of plasterboard, serve as the remaining formwork of the reinforced concrete corner beam 13.

If one of the steps 1-5. 1-3, we intend to build a wall structure thicker than that shown in Figs

Using the panels 53 of Fig. 2, the two panels 53 of such width b are placed facing each other so that the cavities 54 overlap each other. The resulting hexagonal cavities are acoustically filled with monolithic concrete after the iron assembly is placed, and the resulting wall 2b is obviously twice the thickness of a panel 53. In this case, there is no need for a separate outer cover element, such as plasterboard cover.

For the wall structure of Figure 3, it was assumed that the reinforced concrete column 11

The 511s are constructed only in the joining section of the panels e 53, thus providing not only the statically required pillar frame for the vertical spatial delimitation structure, but also the attachment section of the panels. In the vast majority of application cases, the resulting pillar frame is expected to fulfill the load-bearing function required of vertical enclosures; however, if needed, a portion of the additional cavities 54 may be concreted (Figure 1 to Figure 1). It is foreseeable that it will never be necessary to concretize all of the cavities, that is to say, statically, some of the cavities may remain empty and can be used in these empty cavities for building engineering purposes, namely to install various installation wires.

As mentioned above, from a thermal point of view, the dimensions of the panels 53 are chosen such that their smallest structural thickness (size 2, Fig. 2) is sufficient to provide the required thermal insulation at all times. The cavities 54 may thus remain empty in the final structure, but it may also be desirable to fill them with an inexpensive thermal insulating material such as expanded perlite.

The plastic foam material of the insulating layer 9 must be protected safely and in a durable manner from moisture, since its penetration could result in the destruction of the insulating property. The water penetration is along the vertical x-joining plane of the adjacent panels 53, so the vertical gap occurring here must be closed. 7-11. Figures 3A and 4 show a larger scale detail of Figure 3, showing a horizontal section of various joint sealing devices. 7-11. In Figures 1 to 4, the components described above are denoted by the reference numerals already used.

As shown in FIG. 11, between the adjacent and aligned outer shells 7 of the connecting panels 53, the inside of the gap 60 is provided with a triple lip profile resilient, preferably made of rubber, sealed externally from outside air space 57. sealed with a flexible cap of 15. This putty layer is capable of bridging surface irregularities and tracking movements of various origins. Behind the sealing strip 16, in the space 58 between the adjacent thermal insulation layers 9, having a substantially rhombic cross-section, is a C-shaped closure profile 17 made of a resilient material such as neoprene facing the inside of panel 53 and the inside closure of panel 53. ensure.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, an impregnated wooden connector strip 21 is secured along the vertical edges of the adjacent panels 53 between the sheaths 7, 8, which seal the thermal insulation layers 9 from the outside to the side. These junctions have in-service grooves illa, 21b formed at intervals perpendicular to the junction plane x, which are arranged in pairs opposite each other. The grooves 21a are made of flexible material, e.g. a triple lip seal sealing strips 20 which are facing each other and are tensioned against each other; the sealing strips 20 are preferably placed when the panels 53 are installed. The gap 60 is closed on the outside with a permanently elastic kit 19; such a kit eg .FUGASIL * is commercially available (such material can also be used as a filler kit with the reference number 15 in the Figure 7 connection). The sealing plate 23 in the groove 21b is made of a flexible plastic material, e.g. made of neoprene. Through the dotted holes 18, the dotted line connector 22 can be accessed at the ends of the steel bar, which is free from end portions, and nuts (not shown) folded thereto, e.g. wrench tightened, making the adjacent 5? the panels are secured together. The holes 18 can also be used to position the panels during the concreting process.

9, the gap 60 is sealed with two profiled sealing plates 24a, 24b made of metal, preferably steel, made of corrosion-resistant or anti-corrosion coating, which are fastened to each other by means of plate screws 59 and can be e.g. Both end plates 24a, 24b are provided with outwardly curved stems having an outer U-profile, the outer plate 24a being located narrower between the front faces of the adjacent outer shells 7 and having flanges bent outwardly from the stalks, the plate 24b is wider, extending beneath the outer shells 7, and having at its ends its inwardly curved tabs which lie against the lower surface of the shells 7 and as a result of tightening of the plate bolts 59 are elasticly tensioned against these surfaces. The space between the adjacent thermal insulation layers 9, which is substantially diamond-shaped, is filled with a hard plastic foam made in situ to provide perfect thermal insulation. The thermal insulation layer can be considered as infinite.

In the embodiment of Fig. 10, the vertical faces of the panels 53 are closed with wooden sawtooth inserts 27, the teeth of which are joined to one another. The gap 60 is filled with a permanently elastic kit 26, such as FUGASIL, on the outside.

The arrangement shown in Figure 11 is essentially a plurality of lip-shaped, elastic, e.g. a joint sealing profile made of rubber 29 and a permanently elastic 28 putty7

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layer (eg FUGASIL). The difference is that in the space 58 having a substantially trapezoidal cross section, e.g. A linear closure body 30 made of a resilient material, preferably BITURAN, having a cross-section of 50 x 50 mm is inserted which is tensioned between adjacent thermal insulation layers 9 and thus has an oval deformed shape.

By using fiber-reinforced cement-bonded trapezoidal panels 80 of the shell 8 of the panel 53 of FIG. 2, the partition walls 3 of the building according to the invention (FIG. 1) can also be constructed, e.g. in combination with plasterboard 61 flat panels, but of course any partition of known structure can be incorporated. The trapezoidal sheet 80 is closed on both sides by shells 61 which are welded to the trapezoidal ribs 62, and the cavities 54 are provided with a soft material 31 such as felt, textile waste (e.g., TEMIZOL), etc. to provide adequate sound insulation. can be filled. Attachment at the locations 62 may be by gluing or screwing. The cladding can be made not only of gypsum board, but also of other cementitious boards (.BETONYP).

Fig. 13 illustrates the connection possibilities between partitions 3 of different construction and the main wall 1 made according to the invention. Vertical trapezoidal cavities 54 facing the interior 55 of the building provide an excellent opportunity for joining a partition 3 of any structure. From above, first, a partition 3 of conventional 63 small bricks and then a partition of Fig. 12 is connected to the main wall 1. Reference number 64, known as the so-called The 3 partitions made of 'ALBA'-wall elements - the third from above - can be covered with wallpaper on both sides, while the small brick partition can, of course, be plastered. Gypsum plasterboard or .BETONYP covered partitions do not require additional surface finish. In Figure 13, the bottom bulkhead has a wooden frame 65 covered on both sides by the shells 61 mentioned in connection with Figure 12, and the intermediate space may also be filled with the soft material 31 referred to therein. In each case, the inner casing 10 (FIG

1 and 3) can be pressed against the partition 3 on both sides, so that perfect connections can be made not only in terms of grip but also in terms of aesthetics.

The panels 53 of Figure 2, as shown in Figure 1, can be used to construct not only the ascending walls 1 but also the slabs 2. A portion of the slab made by the panels of the present invention using panels 53 is shown in Figure 14 in vertical cross-section. In this application position, the panels 53 are mounted in a stationary position and e.g. they act as permanent formwork for a reinforced concrete slab. Of course, there is no need for e.g. 7-11. 9 to 9, but the shuttering elements must be supported at a sufficient density before concreting. In the longitudinal horizontal trapezoidal cavities 54 of the panels 53, a beam-iron assembly 52 consisting of longitudinal irons and brackets 52 can be accommodated, so that after the concreting, the beams 65 are formed, and above them are panels 32 (Fig. 1); the latter may be embedded with a reinforcing steel net 52a. The slab 2 of Figure 14 is a heat and soundproof structure. If the floor is not required for thermal insulation, only the trapezoidal panels 8 can be used as permanent shuttering elements.

For connecting the wall 1 made with the method according to the invention to the base 5, e.g. the

Figure 15 provides a solution. (In this case, the previously described structural elements are denoted by the reference numerals already used.) The angle-fixing pins 35 made of angular steel fixed to the foot 5 determine the exact location of the panels 53 and, by reaching into the reinforced concrete pillars 11 of the wall 1 , or the position of the whole 1 wall. The significance of the pins 34 is that they are oriented towards the correct positioning of the panels 53 of rather high precision. The visor profile 35 provides protection for the outer surface 5a of the base 5. The building's insulation number is 66, the concrete barrier 67 and the floor cover 69.

An advantageous, extremely simple and aesthetic possibility of installing the window 4, shown in Figure 1, in the wall 1, which provides heat and water sealing, is illustrated in Figures 16 and 17. The structural elements previously described are denoted by the following reference numerals. The window frame 70 is made of wood and has a visor profile 38 connected to the outer side 57 of the window. From the interior space 55, a wooden member 35, such as a ledge and a wooden member 36, e.g. Reference numeral 39 denotes a sealant, which seals the thermal insulation layer 45 externally after sealing. The wooden elements 35, 36 and 41-44 are then fixed. In the final step, insert the outer water profile 38. The wood member 35, e.g. between the sill and the upper face of the wall 1 there are 37 profiles; in the first step, it is fastened to the wall 1 by means of the fasteners 40, and then the frame 70 is pushed in from there until it is inserted. Reference numerals 41-44 denote the various wood elements of window 4 and reference numeral 46 (FIG. 17) denote a metal profile.

Advantageous effects of the invention may be summarized as follows:

-7197381 the insulation of the insulated panels is shock and weather resistant, the on-site connection of the panels can be waterproof and heat-insulated, and the panel cladding - due to the nature of its material - ensures the airtight ventilation of the enclosed spaces. The panels - and, where applicable, the slabs - when assembled, provide permanent formwork for the on-site construction of 10 monolithic reinforced concrete load-bearing elements or structures such as columns, pillars and ribbed ceilings. However, since not all cavities necessarily have to be filled with concrete or 15 other load-bearing structures, some cavities may be used to conceal the installation of plumbing cables. The minimum structural thickness (usually 6-8 cm) of the thermal insulation layer of the shuttering panels can be selected 20 to provide the required snow-proofing capability of the enclosure.

The shells provide a durable and aesthetic surface even without external surface formation, are highly resistant to climatic influences on their surface, have excellent impact resistance, and the hard, heat-insulating plastic foam adheres well to the rough interior surface of the shells. This is an important factor, because good cooperation between • the shells and the plastic foam is one of the most important basic requirements for the durability of panels.

The invention is, of course, not limited to the specific examples detailed above, but may be practiced in many ways within the scope of the claims. It should be noted that not only monolithic reinforced concrete structures can be formed in the cavities of the panels, but also other load-bearing elements such as steel I-beams, etc. also 40 can be placed.

Claims (20)

PATENT CLAIMS A method for producing a space barrier structure comprising load-bearing elements and thermal insulation, characterized in that the space barrier structure is provided with fiber-reinforced cementitious bonding liners (7, 8) arranged adjacent to each other and filling the space between them (9). the panels (53) having at least one of their wide sides with recessed cavities 55 (54) and / or load-bearing members formed in at least a portion of these panel cavities (54). Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that panels (53) with a trapezoidal shell (8) on one side and a flat plate (7) with a flat plate on the other side are screened. (Figures 1-3 and 14) Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a watertight connection is formed between adjacent panels (53). Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the water-tight connection is made between a resilient material, preferably a rubber lip sealing strip (16; 29), between the front faces of one of the adjacent panels (53), preferably of the respective outer shell. (60); filling the gap (60) outwardly from the sealing strip (16; 29) with a permanently elastic kit (15; 2f), and in the space (58) between the adjacent thermal insulation layers (9), a lithium closure (17; 30). position it. (Figures 7 and 11) A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the zero-member is provided with a C-shaped profile (17) facing the sealing strip (16) with its concave side facing towards the sealing strip (16) in the space between the thermal insulation layers (9). The method of claim 4, wherein said closure member is a linear body (30) made of a resiliently deformable plastic material (58) which is filled with a predominant portion of said space (58). (Figure 11) Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the connection for forming the waterproof connection is provided at its longitudinal edges with panels (21) of wood and having recessed grooves (21) spaced apart (e) in the region of the thermal insulation layer (9). 53) matched; inserting flexible lip-sealing lip profiles (20) of elastic material, preferably made of rubber, in opposing grooves (21a) closer to the outside of the panel (53), and a straight elastic locking plate (23) in the other pair of grooves (21b) and filling the gap (60) between adjacent shells (7) on the outside of the sealing profile (20) by means of a permanently resilient putty (19) (Fig. 8). Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the connecting elements (22) formed by a steel rod with free ends terminating in the arrows (18) behind the connection strips (21) and the adjacent panels (22) are screwed on to the ends of the connection strips (21). 53) Autumn pull. (Figure 8) Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the panels (53) are joined to each other by joining panels (53) of wood and at the longitudinal edges of the joint to form a watertight connection with sawtooth profiles (27) in the region of the thermal insulation layer (9). The teeth (27) are inserted into each other and the gap (60) between the faces of the outer shells (7) is filled with a permanently elastic kit (26) (Fig. 10). Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the watertight connection between adjacent panels (53) 5 is secured by two profiled joint sealing plates (24a, 24b), preferably steel sheet, in the region of the outer and inner planes (7), and by filling the space (58) between adjacent thermal insulation layers (9) with a plastic foam (25) made in situ (Figure 9). Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the U-15 profile sealing plates (24a, 24b) with outwardly facing stems are used, the outer surface of the outer shell (7) and the lower surface of the shell (7) being inside. inserting sealing plates (24a, 20 24b) with tensioning edges and securing the plates to one another by means of plate screws (59) (Fig. 9). 12. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in the case of ascending walls (1), the reinforcing elements are in the form of monolithic reinforced concrete pillars (11, 12, 13) or, in the case of slabs (2), formed as monolith reinforced concrete ribs (65) (beams) (1; Figs. 3-5 and 14). Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a monolithic (reinforced concrete) plate (32) is provided over the ribs (65) of the slab (2), preferably with mesh reinforcement (52a) (Fig. 14). 35 14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the panels (53) are arranged adjacent to one another with their trapezoidal - vertical or substantially vertical cavities 40 (54) facing the space (55) to be delimited. (53) anchored in their intended positions, and - where appropriate, forming watertight connections between them; the cavities (54) on the inside 45 with cladding panels (10) which are preferably final finishing elements, e.g. plasterboard panels - sealed by covering these inner members of the panels (53) with the cladding members (10) and securing the panel members (10) to the panels (53); and thereafter, at least the cavities (54) at the joints of the panels (53), after placing the iron assembly (52), are formed into concrete load-bearing pillars (11, 12, 13). (1, 3, 4, and 5). 15. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that plumbing wires (54) are placed in the cavities (54) of the panel (53) without the load-bearing element, or / and these cavities (54) - e.g. loose structure - filled with heat insulating material, preferably expanded perlite. 16. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the monolithic reinforced concrete corner posts (12) of the ascending walls (1) are formed on the outside in such a way that e.g. sealing the heat-insulating layer (9) of one of the adjacent panels (53) at right angles to the face shell (8a) and forming the formwork with the remaining cover elements (10) and, after the iron installation (52) has been placed, Figure 4). 17. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rising walls (1) are formed on the inner side of a monolithic reinforced concrete corner column (13) by a snow-insulated double-shell corner shell (9a), preferably forming part of one of the connecting ribs (53). forming an open cavity on the space to be delimited (55), which is sealed with an internal shuttering plate (10) and concreted in the corner cavity, optionally after the iron assembly (52) is placed. (Figure 5) 18. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that prefabricated load-bearing elements, such as c / I-brackets, are disposed in the panel cavities (54). 19. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that panels (53) having the smallest thickness of the heat-insulating layer (9) (in particular, the panels (53) satisfying the required heat-insulating requirement) are used (Figure 2). 20. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that two panels (53) are placed opposite their cavities (54) and the resulting cavities are filled with monolithic concrete, at least in the joining sections of the adjacent panel pairs, optionally after iron installation. ) (Figure 6). 21. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, when constructing the rising walls (1), orienting anchoring tongues (34) are provided in the footing (5) to facilitate the positioning and positioning of the panels (53). part of it (11, 12, 13) is concreted (Fig. 15).