HU194752B - Method and apparatus and loosening-stripping device for cleaning ducts particularly sewage conduits - Google Patents

Abstract

The equipment uses hydraulic and mechanical methods to loosen and remove sludge which is settled at the bottom of drainage channels. The hydraulic and mechanical loosening/removing appts. is mounted on a mobile structure, which is also equipped with means for moving the loose sludge along the channel. - The mobile structure is in the form of a sliding sled which can be drawn by a rope connected to a winch . The sled may also be equipped with spring loaded locating arms to ensure that the sled moves along the centre of the channel.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for cleaning sewers, in particular to sewers with a diameter greater than 600 mm in diameter, and to a loosening device.

The channels of communal public sewer networks will become more or less muddy during their operation. Sewage sludge removal and treatment is a prerequisite for the removal of wastewater, especially from increased, unplanned volumes.

Previously, the channels were cleaned by hand or by a winch-mechanical method, which usually required workers to go down into the shafts and work there.

The high pressure water jet cleaning method eliminated the use of winch sewer cleaning and all manual labor required to go down the drain.

A device for cleaning smaller diameter channels is known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,271,556. US patent, which is drawn through the wire to be cleaned while the tube slides on a sole in the wire. This device has hydraulic and mechanical disassembly and transfer elements mounted on a rigid tube. The hydraulic breaker consists of a perforated nozzle at the front end of the rigid tube in the direction of travel, and the mechanical dismantling means is formed by rotating discs having cutting members whose diameter increases from the nozzle to the rear. Behind each rotating disc is a sliding plate mounted on the pipe. The cutting discs are rotated pneumatically. The loosened sludge is conveyed to a larger diameter channel section. This solution is expensive and complicated, requires not only a hydraulic power supply but also compressed air supply, the rotating parts are easily damaged, and they are not suitable for cleaning large-diameter and especially non-standard channels.

The device disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,337,096 is also intended for the cleaning of small diameter pipes. In the spherical shape of the enclosure, the brain of the spherical structure comprises cutting means, conveying means and wetting means. This appliance is also not suitable for cleaning (dewatering) large-diameter and non-standard channels.

U.S. Patent No. 4,356,039 proposes a method for loosening and removing sludge sedimented in a channel by first wetting the material to be loosened and then mechanically breaking it. The pre-moistened and mechanically loosened material is soaked with a second water-jetting device and the disintegrated sediment is removed from the conduit by a sliding blade. In order to carry out this operation, if there is a need to clean pipes of a larger diameter, two types of devices are used, one with a smaller diameter and one with a larger diameter, which are completely different in structure. The smaller diameter structure, formed by longitudinal plates mounted at the front of the tube and a pusher wheel at the rear, cuts a section of the settled sludge around the channel bottom, and the larger diameter drum-like structure, which is open on the mantle surface, removes the remaining sludge. This solution is also complicated, requires more technological operations and is not widespread in practice.

Based on operational experience, literature data, experimental measurement results, and hydrodynamic calculations, sewer cleaners with high pressure water pumps are virtually unsuitable for efficient cleaning of canals of 600 mm main size and larger. As no other method is currently known, the channels between 6C0 inna and 1000/1200 mm valve head are also cleaned with high pressure water jets, but this is only possible with extremely poor efficiency. The cleaning of the main drainage channels with a high drainage capacity above 2000 mm gauge is a so-called. It is driven by a "flying structure" powered by the force created by the hydrostatic pressure of the sewage swollen behind the structure. Aerial cleaning is inefficient and requires a lot of live labor in the canal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution for high performance and efficient cleaning of channels in the size range above 600 mm gauge main size.

The invention is based on the discovery that by combining the mechanical (winch) and high-pressure water jet method, first with a low power uncoupling and then a high water jet loosening, preferably above 100 bar, the cleaning efficiency is and the cleaning of channels with larger gauge sizes can be rationally solved with relatively low energy consumption. It is further recognized that when working with a target machine that incorporates all surface structures outside the winch in a compact manner, using a mobile design and a loosening-decomposing Estonian steam, which provides a perfect solution for the hydraulic and mechanical sludge removal operation , with very little space required, can be conceived in the best possible way and render the inventive process widely applicable.

Based on these findings, the object of the present invention has been solved by a method of hydraulically and mechanically disassembling the sludge deposited in the duct and removing the sludge from the duct, characterized in that it is first mechanically disassembled. further decomposing the sedimented sludge and then this mechanically disintegrated sludge mass with a high-pressure water jet, and moving the resulting aqueous sludge with a high-jet water and a sewage sludge transfer device to or from a sludge removal repeating the drain repeatedly in the above order, as necessary, to cleanse the canal from the settled sludge. The process is a preferred embodiment! A mechanical loosening and demolishing means and a hydraulic loosening and demolishing means and a sludge conveying means are preferably towed in a member and simultaneously by a winch, and by the operation of these means, the canal is cleaned.

The device according to the invention has a loosening-opening device having a bi-directional traction channel, a hydraulic and mechanical decommissioning device and a means for conveying the digested sludge in the channel, a high-pressure pump flow and a winch connected thereto, characterized by a high-pressure pump , the relaxer-21

194 75?

a winch and hydraulic and electric actuators for actuating the demountable device in one direction in the channel, and the hydraulic and electric actuators for actuating the decoupling device form an actuation unit, the water reservoir preferably being mounted on the actuator main frame; a motor for the operation of the high-pressure pump; hydraulic oil tank; a central operating and control panel and, preferably, an auxiliary chassis frame, a plurality of telescopic outriggers and a high-torque hydromotor for driving the winch.

Thus, the process according to the invention first mechanically disintegrates the sedimented sludge and then only when the resistance of the mechanical disintegrator reaches a predetermined value, which is, for example, less. pre-set depending on slurry quality, layer thickness and pipe diameter - we start the high pressure pump. At this time, a significant amount of mechanically loosened sludge is usually introduced into the high pressure water jet, which is further dismantled and simultaneously rolled about by the simultaneous or possibly delayed release of the sludge transfer device (s) to the pumping site, usually a sump. A high pressure water jet or pump is generally understood to mean a water jet of at least 100 bar or a pump of this pressure.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the device, the pulling and demounting device has an additional towing unit, preferably also located on a conveying device, for pulling the loosening device in the other direction.

According to a further feature of the invention, the actuator winch has a winding drum for winding the rope for retracting the loosening device and for winding the high pressure hose connecting the pump to the hydraulic loosening device.

The present invention also relates to a loosening-dismantling device for sewer cleaning, comprising hydraulic and mechanical loosening-dismantling means, means for conveying loosened sludge in the canal, and a driving device connected by a tow rope to a hoisting rope, the purpose of which is to raise the driving means. the slide slider having a protruding column and the hydraulic loosening and dismantling means and the slurry transfer plates forming the slurry transfer means are connected to the column and that the sliding sleeve is centered or resiliently centered in the slide, embedded compasses are connected.

An advantageous embodiment of this device is characterized by a high pressure water outlet head, a pipe connected to the head, and a threaded connection port, preferably threaded, for connection to a high pressure hose formed or attached to the pipe, for example connected to a high pressure pump.

According to another feature of the invention, the sludge transfer plates are formed in a shape adapted to the channel section. In this case, it is desirable that the sludge transfer discs are connected to the sliding pillar column by means of hinges, which may be secured in a position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel or capable of being secured as a result of resistance during movement; furthermore, if the sludge transfer plates or plate portions are made of elastic material or / and have an elastic coating in the region adjacent the end of the channel wall. It is also advantageous in the exemplary embodiment that the compasses have front and rear bodies with rounded flat side surfaces and the bodies are inclined with flexible coupling members! secured to two-sided support plates connected to a column of tanners. It is advisable to use the compasses - e.g. spring bolts are adjustable in height, and if the two arms, preferably two compasses, on both sides of the slide slide overlap each other at least partially, and the compasses are at the same height.

In another preferred embodiment of the loosening device, it is provided with an elastic bearing at its rear end, obstructing and preventing tipping of the sliding carriageway, and supporting the upper portion of the channel wall during sliding of the slide carriage there; in this case, it is expedient that hr is supported by a fork, which is attached to a bracket connected to the longitudinal support of the slide carriage by means of a flexible connecting member.

According to a further feature of the invention, an attachment front plate is attached to the top of the slide carriage column for attaching additional module cleaning units to the slide carriage so that it can be expanded in the sense of humidity. It may also be desirable for the slide to have a longitudinal web support having a connecting plate at its end perpendicular to its longitudinal geometric axis for extending the loosening device module by means of cleaning members, and slideways made of, for example, steel I-beams it is provided with curved end portions at the rear, and when a wedge-shaped opening body formed by a sliding member which is a member of the mechanical loosening-disengaging device in the direction of the main cleaning direction and which has a top-down and forward-facing front wall having a downwardly and outwardly substantially triangular side surface and deflector panels extending from the side surfaces; in the latter case, it is advantageous to have mud flaps extending from the lateral surfaces of the decomposing stem and serving as mud flaps and for orienting, and also to have divergent flaps and angles differing from the horizontal, the flaps being preferably disposed over the flap. In general, both the flaps and the flaps are triangular. According to another feature of the invention, an upwardly extending plate is attached to the horn socket of the wedge-shaped opening body, comprising holes forming a series of holes for connecting the towing hook to the slide carriage at various heights. It is also advantageous if the opening body is provided with a lower curved nose portion at the front which is closed by a plate, and if the lower edges of the inclined side plates of the opening body are curved.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are one embodiment of the process

194,752, on the one hand, and the equipment and its most important components, on the other hand. In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section showing a technological scheme for cleaning a channel section according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the actuator of the apparatus;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the actuator of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a more detailed side view of a preferred embodiment of the loosening and demolishing unit of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a plan view of the loosening and demolishing unit of Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a front view of the loosening and demolishing unit of Fig. 4, viewed in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 1 shows, in a distorted scale, for clarity, the longitudinal section of a channel 1 containing shafts, which is cleaned of sediment (not shown) by the apparatus according to the invention.

The main units of the apparatus according to the invention are as follows; the actuator 3, the loosening device 4 and the towing unit 5. It is advisable to choose this section length up to 200 m. The actuator 3 has a self-propelled conveyor 6 (e.g., a truck adapted for the purpose) and is equipped with the most important means for actuating the loosening-dismounting device 4 (hereinafter described in detail in FIGS. 2 and 2).

3). Among these devices, the water tank 7, the high-pressure pump 8 and the winch 9 are also shown in FIG. The traction unit 5 is equipped with a winch 11 mounted on a self-propelled conveyor 10. The release device 4 is connected to the winch 9 of the actuator 3 by means of a high-pressure hose 12 which can be unwound and unwound from it. The hose 12 is connected to a hydraulic loosening device 13 mounted on the loosening device 4. The loosening-demounting device 4 also has a mechanical loosening-loosening device, designated 14.

The loosening device 4 in the channel 1 can be pulled forward by the winch 11 and the rope 15, preferably a steel wire rope in the direction of arrow b, while the rope 16 connected to the winch 9 can be retracted in the channel 1 by the arrow c. The coupling mechanism 15a incorporated in the rope 15 can be used to release the rope connection. The ropes 15, 16, as well as the hose 12 are guided by screws 26 fixed in the channel 1.

In Figures 2 and 3, the actuator shown in Figure 1, all of which is numbered 3, is shown in a larger scale. The same reference numerals as those used in FIG. 1 are used to denote the same structural elements in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, the main components of the actuator 3 are: the high-pressure hydraulic pump 17; the 18 main frame; a hydraulic motor 19 (for actuating it) associated with the high pressure pump 8; a central control and control panel 20; the hydraulic oil reservoir 21, and the auxiliary frame frame 22 and telescopic foot support legs 23. The structural elements described above are located within the thermally insulated container 24 with dotted lines in Figure 2. The container is heated by 25 air blowers.

A high-torque hydraulic motor 27 is provided for driving the winch 9. The reel 9a of the winch 9 is wound on the tow rope 16 and the reel 9b of the hose 12 is wound. (For example, the rope 16 may be a wire rope 220 mm long, 28 mm in diameter.) Each winch 9 has a hydraulic rotating cylinder which is referred to as 28! country. Hydraulic lines, fittings, valves, pressure control unit, filters, etc. 2 and 3 are not shown for clarity.

1, 3. With the aid of the apparatus according to Figs. To clean 1/60/90 channel:

; In the first step, after removing the cover plate from the shafts in the channel section to be cleaned, the rope 15 is threaded into the channel section intended to be cleaned by means of a pump 8 or otherwise by means of a pneumatic drive feeder channel passageway (not shown and illustrated). That;. In the case of Fig. 1B, this applies to five 2 mines, that is, to four mines. Next, the loosening-demounting device 4 is lowered into the first manhole 2, and the necessary acquisition work is carried out, such as fastening it to the loosening-demounting device 4 with ropes 15, 16, also attaching the hose 12 and securing it 15 rope switching devices. When the winch 11 of the tractor unit 5 is started and the actuator 3 is actuated properly, the dismounting mechanism 41 is pulled by the tube 1; towed in the direction of the arrow. Towing eg. It can run at 0-5 rn / min and with a maximum traction set of 10-20 to. The towed loosener-demolition device (4) first mechanically repels the slurry, i.e. the high-pressure hydraulic loosener-demolition device (12) emitting a water jet of at least 100 bar only operates when the winch 11, due to the increased resistance, would you - stop. At this point, the high pressure water jet is directed to the mass of mechanically disrupted sludge, which, on the one hand, further loosens the sludge and, on the other hand, scrolls the aqueous sludge in channel 1 in a circular motion. As a result of this operation, the drag resistance obviously decreases, the winch 11 starts and the loosener-demolition device 4 - while in the drain! pulled forward in the direction of arrow b - it carries with it the portion of the diluted aqueous sludge that was not swept forward by the high-pressure jet of water. The hydraulic loosening device 3 can be operated for a short period of time, if necessary, during this repeated pulling of the loosening device 4, when another mechanical dismantling operation is started and until the resistance is again increased to such an extent that 11 winches stop. The hydraulic loosening device 13 is activated again. The operations described above are repeated alternately along the entire length of the channel section (between the actuator 3 and the traction unit 5 in Figure 1) until the sludge is completely removed. Meanwhile, the loosened slurry is continuously pumped through the nearest 2 shafts - in a manner known per se, for example with sludge suction tanks. Pumps are continued until the loosening device 4 reaches the line of this first shaft 2; then stop all winch and pump a complete amount of sludge from each of the 2 shafts.

During the operations described above,. 4 loosening and disengaging means in the direction of arrow c by means of winch 9 and rope 16

194,752 also pulled flies backwards; for example, during the retraction, a cleaning-sludge removal operation can be performed, since cleaning can be performed in several rounds, either one-way or traction, when the loosening-defrosting device 4 is "idle" and the sludge conveying means (1 later) can be folded back. , the unit can move without resistance.

4 to 6. Figures 1 to 5 show a preferred embodiment of the loosening-demounting device, designated 4 throughout Figure 1, which is the object of the present invention. The top sail 29 allows the entire loosening-demounting device 4 to travel safely at the bottom of the channel 1 (Fig. 6), a basic element of the whole device. The slider 29 in the present example consists of a steel I-beam formed by curved portions 29a, 29b, to which the column 30 is secured, for example, by welding 15 (the column 30 may also be made of an I-beam).

The loosening device 4 has, in accordance with Figure 1, a hydraulic loosening device 13 and a mechanical loosening device 14. 20

The mechanical slack-release device 14 provided with pins 33a, 33b on slides 29 and ridge 45 has a wedge-shaped opening body 31 having a leading edge 32 extending downwardly and forwardly, and having diverting openings 34 on both sides perpendicular to them. a mud flap 35 having a flap breaking and orientation function; recorded. The 31-extracting bodies at the bottom curved nose piece 31a is ^El: equipped with a sealed plate. The lower edges of said side plates are curved to such an extent that the wedge-shaped opening body 31 is secured to the bottom of the channel 1. With this design, the tensile body 31 is able to overcome unevenness in the channel bottom during towing. The dismantling body otherwise facilitates the lowering of the entire loosening-dismantling device 35 to the bottom of the channel in the sludge and, by the disintegration-loosening of the sludge, naturally reduces the need for traction.

The baffle plates 34 and the plate plates 35 are not parallel to one another, but to different horizontal or horizontal portions. β angle. Their function is to break, dismantle, loosen the hard sludge and to produce a vertical downward force component from the horizontal traction forces that is capable of supporting the entire loosening-dismantling structure at the bottom of the channel. Preferably, the deflection panels 34 and the flaps 35 have adjustable angles α and β, respectively. Both the flaps and the flaps are triangular.

Connected to the end edge 32 is an upwardly extending plate 36 (spine plate) in which a series of holes 50 formed by holes 36a is formed. In one of these holes 36a, the towing hook 37 is secured. The hole row allows the height of the traction point to be selected so that the tipping moment is kept to a minimum. 55

The role of the aforementioned vertical column 30 is to provide the hydraulic loosening device 13; hold the mud conveyor discs 38, 39 and the lateral guides 40, 41 and 42, 43. A connector 60 fixed to the top of the column 30 allows 60 to be used in the position shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, attach additional module elements (not shown) that allow the loosener-demounting device 4 to be extended upwards to make the device suitable for cleaning ducts of various sizes. 65

The hydraulic loosening device 13 is used to discharge high pressure water in a defined direction. The main parts are the head 46, the tube 47 and the threaded connection 48 formed at the opposite end of the latter, to which the high pressure hose shown in Fig. 1 can be releasably connected. One or more nozzles in the head 46 are adjustable so that a high pressure jet of water is ejected from the head in multiple directions. The role of the hydraulic loosening device in the technology according to the invention is extremely important: to assist or complement the mechanical sludge loosening operation by batch or continuous operation; blast shop sludge shop blasting can be triggered by batch operation.

\ z Lateral orientation is extremely important for proper operation of the equipment; means for this are the lateral orientators 40, 41, and 42, 43, which are held in the longitudinal axis of the channel 1 as they move along. Their bodies 40a ~ 43a, which are rounded at the front and have flat side surfaces, engage elastic coupling members 49 (e.g., rubber springs, spiral springs, or telescopic members), and are bolted to the holding plates 50. Their position is vertically adjustable by releasing and adjusting the locking pins 51. In side view, the opposing compasses 40, 42, and 41,43 overlap each other, and the end of the compass 40 is also aligned with the front of the compass 43, also in side view, in the direction of travel corresponding to the arrow x.

Such an arrangement or arrangement of the compasses makes it possible, on the one hand, for the disengaging device 4 to be e. the ladder should pass over obstacles while on the move, and on the other hand: to prevent the unit from getting stuck during side channel collapses. The compasses 4043 are adjustable according to the double / arrows shown in FIG. 6, so that they can be aligned with the radius R of the upper part of the respective channel 1 (FIG. 6).

At the end of the loosening-demounting device 4, the fork 52 is fitted with a support wheel 53, which provides the unit with forced guiding and prevents it from tipping forward. The fork 52 is connected to the bracket 56 fixed to the longitudinal spine 45 by inserting a flexible coupling member 55.

The cleaning technology of the present invention may require towing of the loosening-demounting device 4 in the channel opposite to arrow b (arrow 1 in Fig. I), for which a towing hook 54 is connected to the rear end of the sliding color 29.

The sludge transfer plates 38, 39 are connected to the column 30 by means of hinges 57, which are divided in height, and have a profile corresponding to the profile of the channel 1 to be cleaned. The height separation, i.e. the fact that the sludge transfer plates are made up of several mounting parts, allows the same loosening and dismantling structure 4 to be used for cleaning channels of different sections. Pulling the loosener-dismantling device 4 in the direction of the cleaning arrow b, the slurry transfer plates are supported perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel 1 and the loosened slurry is pushed forward. When the loosening device 4 is pulled back in the channel 1 (see arrow c in Fig. 1), the sludge transfer plates 38 are bent around the hinges 57 in the direction of the arrows g in Fig. 5, thereby minimizing the resistance.

-5194,752

Iisra decreases. The individual panel elements are aperture-shaped and interconnected so that they can be adapted to the various channel shapes and sizes as already indicated. The edges in contact with the sewer wall are provided with or are made of a resilient coating 58 to prevent mechanical damage to the sewer wall on the one hand and to scrub the sludge adhering to the sewer wall on the other hand.

At the end of the longitudinal web 45, a connecting plate 61 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel 1. By removing the fork 52, it is possible to connect additional module cleaning elements (not shown) to the loosening device 4, thereby enabling the assembly of a train-like cleaning device according to the current cleaning technology.

Advantageous effects of the invention include:

the most important advantage of the invention is that it is also possible to clean and maintain channels, namely medium-sized channels, such as 100/150 cm, which have caused most problems so far, and in fact such channels cannot be cleaned by any rational method. In addition, cleaning efficiency is increasing dramatically, with about four to five-fold increases in cleaning efficiency. The present invention enables extremely economical, energy-saving and water-saving operation. The power demand for mechanical dismantling is much smaller (eg 25 hp) than for high-pressure water jet dismantling (eg 125 hp), and whereas the first step in repetitive loosening and dismantling operations is always the mechanical and the second step is the hydraulic operation, the high-power pump only starts when the low-energy sludge clump is already loosely accumulated in the sewer. The use of a high-pressure jet of very low efficiency with respect to solid sludge with a high energy input is only required for the loosening of the loose material or the roller-rolled conveying, whereby a short-term hydraulic break-loosening transmission is achieved. In other words, the source of water and energy savings is that the high-pressure pump only needs to be operated for a very short period of time compared to when the solid sludge is only hydraulically dismantled without prior mechanical dismantling or the hydraulic and mechanical dismantling operations are not performed.

The present invention also provides for the removal of thick layers of fat that significantly reduce the cross-sectional area of the gutter. The need for live labor, including the need for diving, is minimized as the degree of mechanization is maximum. In addition, each loosening-disassembly device can be connected to the same vehicle-mounted actuator, further improving the speed and efficiency of cleaning.

The invention is, of course, not limited to the embodiment of the process as described above or to the illustrated and described embodiment of the apparatus, but can be practiced in a number of ways within the scope of the claims.

Claims (26)

A method for cleaning ducts, in particular ducts having a diameter greater than 600 mm in diameter, which comprises hydraulically and mechanically disassembling the sludge deposited in the duct and removing it from the duct first by mechanically disassembling the sludge sludge, further decomposing this mechanically disrupted sludge mass with a high-pressure water jet and moving the resulting aqueous sludge to a sludge removal site, such as a manhole, by means of the high-pressure water jet and the sludge transfer device discharged through the channel (1); and purifying the channel (1) from the settled sludge by repeating these operations in the above order repeatedly as necessary in the above order. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical loosening-disassembly means (14) and the hydraulic loosening-disassembly means (13) and the sludge conveying means, preferably by means of a winch (11), are pulled through the channel (one). 1) or a section thereof to be cleaned and operating the means to clean the canal (1). 3. Equipment for cleaning sewers, in particular sewers of a diameter of more than 600 mm, having a two-way towing device having a hydraulically and mechanically dismantling device and a means for conveying the disposed sludge through the channel, a high-pressure pump connected thereto, characterized in that the high-pressure pump (8), the hydraulic and electric actuators for actuating the winch (9) for pulling the loosening device (4) in the channel (1) and the loosening device (4) arranged on a conveyor (6) to form an actuator (3), the actuator (3) being preferably mounted on a main frame of water (7); a motor (19) for actuating the high pressure pump (8); a hydraulic oil reservoir (21); a central operating and control panel (20) and, more preferably, an auxiliary frame frame (22), a plurality of telescopic support legs (23) and a high-torque hydraulic motor (27) for driving the winch (9) (Fig. 1). Apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that the pulling device (4) for pulling the loosening-dismantling device (4) in the other direction in the channel (1) is provided with an additional winch (11), preferably located on the conveying device (10). (Figure 1). Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the winch (9) of the actuator (3) is wound for winding the rope (16) for retracting the loosening device (4) and the pump (8) for hydraulic loosening. a winch (9a; 9b) for winding the high pressure hose (12) connecting the breaker (4) and that the actuators of this device are preferably mechanically connected to the conveyor (6) by means of auxiliary stroke of the conveyor (6) and / or hydraulically and / or electrically. 6. Loosening and dismantling devices, in particular -6194,752 For cleaning sewers with a diameter greater than 600 mm main diameter, having hydraulic and mechanical loosening and dismantling means, means for conveying the loosened sludge in the canal, and a hoisting rope driving device having a slider on the upper ( 29) and the hydraulic loosening and dismantling means (13) and the sludge conveying plates (38, 39) forming the sludge conveying means are connected to the pillar (30) and that during sliding the slider (29) flexible embedding compasses (4043) located along the channel wall for centralized or substantially centralized travel of the slide carriage (29) (Figures 4-6). 1 A device according to claim 6, characterized in that said head (46) for ejecting high pressure water; a conduit (47) for connection to the head (46) and a connection (48), preferably threaded, for connection to a high pressure hose (12) formed or attached to the conduit (47), for example connected to a high pressure pump (8). The structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the sludge transfer plates (38,39) are shaped in the shape of the channel (1). 9. A device according to claim 8, characterized in that the sludge transfer plates (38, 39) are hinged (57) on both sides to the column (30) of the sliding slide (29) and can be fixed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the channel (1), or connected in a way that can be fixed as a result of resistance during movement. The structure according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the sludge transfer plates (38, 39) consist of several, preferably interchangeable, parts. 1 i. 8-10. A structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sludge transfer plates (38, 39) or portions of the sludge are made of elastic material or / and have an elastic coating (58) in the region adjacent the end thereof. The structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the compasses (40, 41, 42.43) have rounded, flat side surface bodies (40a-43a). 13. A device according to claim 12, wherein the bodies (40a-43a) are secured to the two-sided support plates (50) connected to the column (30) of the slide carriage (49) by means of elastic connecting members (49). Device according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the compasses (40-43) are adjustable in height (f), for example by means of spring pins (51). 15. 11-11. A structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the compasses - preferably two compasses (40,41; 42, 43) - side view overlaps at least partially. 16. A 12-15. A structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the compasses (40-43) are at the same height. 17. A 6-16. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, in the direction of the main cleaning direction (b), it is elasticly mounted at its rear end, providing forced guiding and tipping for the loosening-dismounting device (4) the area comprises a support wheel (53) for support. 18. A device according to claim 17, characterized in that the support wheel (53) is supported by a fork (52) which is inserted by a resilient coupling member (55) into a longitudinal web support of the slide carriage (29). 0 (45) fixed to the connected console (56). 9. 6th-18th. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an additional module cleaning unit is connected to the slide (29) of the slide carriage (29), so that its height A connector front panel (60) is provided for expansion in 5 dimensions. 20. A 6-19. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the slide carriage (29) has a longitudinal web support (45), at the end of which A connecting plate (61) perpendicular to the geometric longitudinal axis of the 3 channels (1) is provided for extending the module of the slack-breaker (4) with cleaning elements. 21. 6-20. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sliding slide (29), for example made of steel I-beam, is formed with curved end portions (29a, 29b) at the front and rear. 22. 6 to 21. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mechanical loosening device (14) has a wedge-shaped opening body (31) located in front of the slide (29) and facing in the direction of main cleaning (b). a downwardly and forwardly facing front end (32) having a laterally sloping downwardly and outwardly facing side surface, substantially triangular, v; and having diverting discs (34) extending from the side surfaces. A structure according to claim 22, characterized in that the flaps (35), which serve as a sludge) for breaking and orienting, extend from the side surfaces of the opening body (31). Device according to Claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the diverting plates (34) and / or the flaps (35) are perpendicular to the side surfaces, ß and close to each other at different angles (α; (3)). wherein the flaps (35) are preferably located above the diverting disks (34). 25. A 21-24. A structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each of the flaps (35), All diverting plates (34) are triangular. 26. 22 to 25. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an upwardly extending plate (36) is attached to the end edge (32) of the wedge-shaped opening body, which is provided with holes for forming a hinge arm (36a) for attaching the tow hook (37) to the slide carriage (29) ). 27. At 22-26. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the opening body (31) is provided with a lower bow (31a) at the front which is closed by a plate. 28. At 22-27. A structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lower edges of the inclined side plates of the opening body (31) are curved.