HU184295B - Insecticide granules against wireworm containing soil-extraneous attractants without food-sources - Google Patents

Abstract

Field of the Invention The present invention relates to 3-10% insecticide active against wireworms and from 90% to 97% of solid granules, preferably mineral or vegetable carriers, containing 0.05% to 0.1% of pine oil or carnation oil or orange oil as granules. contain. The composition thus made attractive as a soil disinfectant allows a reduction of 20-25% of the amount of toxic agent required for the area unit without reducing the soil disinfection effect. -1-

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a soil disinfectant against wireworms (acarid insects = Elateridae and Aleculidae = Alleculidae), which is a combination of soil-derived attractants and any insecticide formulated as granules.

Any insecticide formulated as granulates against wireworms significantly enhances the soil disinfectant effect by adding 0.05-0.1% of aetheroleum pinicillvestris or orange oil (oleum aurentii) or carnation oil (aetheroleum caryophylili), thereby significantly reducing the amount of toxic agent required per unit area.

In order to achieve adequate crop yields, it is a prerequisite that the optimum number of plants set during sowing should not be reduced by soil worms. Acne and beetle larvae are usually protected against insecticidal granules containing the active ingredient "highly toxic".

In the prior art, two types of soil disinfection methods have been used against wire worms. One is when the insecticidal granulate is applied just before sowing, in the form of a complete surface treatment, and then applied with a disc or combiner, and the second is when the soil disinfectant is applied to the pest-infested area by seeding. In the latter case, the seed drill is equipped with a separate soil disinfection adapter, which ensures that the chemical is placed directly under or next to the seedbed and that the necessary application is carried out.

The essence of the soil disinfection process against soil pests is that the active ingredient is dissolved from the granules introduced or mixed into the soil during desorption. It also exerts its toxicity by oral absorption (by the oral route) in the immediate vicinity of the granulate, which is a skin or respiratory poison, which contains lethal concentrations of pests, and in the case of systemic insecticides. Because the oral effect only develops to some extent after damage to the plant, it is more beneficial to the skin and respiratory toxicity of the soil disinfectant to protect the plant.

In current soil disinfection procedures, the pest zone around the granule particles is mostly randomly crossed by pests, so the granular grain distribution (volume and uniformity of application) should be adjusted to allow the pest to reach 90% of the lethal zone containing the lethal concentration. However, by orienting the movement of the harmful larvae towards the poison zone, the safety of the control process can be significantly increased and the amount of soil disinfectant per hectare can be reduced.

Attracting insects with attractive materials and then chemically killing them is not new to science. Determination of Terényi, Josepovits, Matolcs; Plant Protection Chemistry c. book 418-419. According to his side, 'attractive compounds are always volatile substances whose vapor is transported over long distances. They can be used in combination with pest prediction and toxic or other physiologically active chemicals ... ”etc. However, this wording is outdated in several respects. It is now known that certain non-volatile compounds in the soil may be attractants in solution or dissociated. However, the cited authors overlook the fact that various volatiles are not attractive to all insects, but can be inert or even alarming. The specificity of insects against different chemicals is demonstrated by examples in Fiint, Η. M. et al., "Chemical abstracts 92.70992 y" and Smelyanets, V.P., et al., "Chemical abstracts"

78. 40383 u ”.

Fiint, Η. According to M., β-caryophylliene is attractive to certain veins (eg Chrysopa camea or Collops vittatus) but does not attract Pectinophora gossypiella. Smelyanets et al. Investigated terpenes of Pinus silvestris (pine needle) for insect resistance to pine fir (Rhyacionia buoliana) and bark beetle (Aradus spp.). Resistance to max. It is at a concentration of 0.3% terpene. Also report results provided to statistical evidence that β-Pinene (I) and Δ ³ -carene (II) fenyőiloncára attractants, while the α-Pinene (III) and the limonene (IV) repellent (repellents) can. In contrast, the II. and III. attractive to Aradus species in I and IV. and they are repellents.

overall, therefore, different species of the animal world respond differently to compounds acting on them from their sensory range, some are indifferent, some are attractive to others, or they are repellant. What animal species will behave in the face of an unprecedented chemical stimulus, as it stands today, cannot be inferred logically or generalized from previous research experience. This is all the more true when a selected compound, or a concentration thereof, is also foreign to the animal's natural habitat.

The purpose of the studies leading up to the invention was to find, in natural attractants, which are formed in the germinating plant or in the living, growing root, attractively volatile wireworms, which may be useful in practical applications, having stronger attractive properties, preferably in compound or concentration. they are not a source of food for the pest. That is, create an unlimited number of soil disinfectant compositions in which the chemical structure of the insecticide is virtually inert because a high-potency attractant keeps the pest permanently in the poisoned soil zone and at the same time competes with natural food sources (crop plants). It was also an important consideration that these volatile materials are relatively inexpensive and should be available domestically.

Investigations of the subject matter of the invention have been carried out for several years, exploring the attractive effects of many natural and artificial materials. Initially, the experiments were carried out with the help of a special olfactometer, which was designed for this purpose in laboratory conditions, and then the attractants selected during the screening tests were tested in the open air.

Table 1 summarizes the results of the attractiveness studies relevant to the invention in an average of 4 replicates.

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Table I

treatments

Soil dwellers Number of deviations from the average haakonttoU

soil knot + sawdust First wheat Knot 1.25 -1.25 Second Wheat germ + sawdust 2.50 1.25 - Third Wheat germ + sawdust + Oleum aurantii 4.50 3.25 2.00 4th Sawdust + Oleum aurantii 2.50 1.25 0 5th Wheat germ + sawdust + Aetheroleum pin-sil- vestris 5.00 3.75 2.50 6th Sawdust + Aetheroleum Pini-silvestris 4.25 3.00 1.75 7th Wheat germ + sawdust + Aetheroleum caryophylli 4.75 3.50 2.25 8th Sawdust + Aetheroleum caryophylli 1.25 0 -1.25

♦ Significant Difference at 5% = 0.62 20 ♦ Significant Difference at 0.1% = 1.07 ♦ Significant Difference SZDp ~ indicates the maximum difference at P% significance level that can be considered as a test error.

From the data of Table 1 it can be stated that the result is significant even at SZD _Os i% level; that is, when comparing this value to the table mean deviation data, there is a real difference between the treatments. The evolution of catch results 30 is thus not a coincidence but a consequence of the attractive effect.

In accordance with the subject matter of the present invention, we further investigated the soil disinfectant effect of diazinon-active insecticidal granules made by Aetheroleum pinicillvestris on larvae of larvae, while varying the area dose by increasing the amount of active ingredient of the granules, that is, the grain density per area unit was reduced.

The experiment was carried out in 4 replicates in a 25 cm deep breeding box with a floor area of 1.5 m ² . A total of 10 stems of maize were sown in two rows in a 70x30 cm bandage. One row of sowing was placed in a seed bed free of soil disinfectant insecticidal 45 granules, and the other was treated with different doses of diazinon at row sowing depth.

After sowing, 15 wire-worms were planted at 50 evenly spaced intervals between treatments and repetitions in the centerline of the two maize rows. Ten days after introduction, the number of live and dead larvae in the treated and untreated maize rows was determined. The efficacy of each treatment is shown in Table 2. Table ₂ 55 Attractants * = Aetheroleum Pinyilvestris

Basudin 5 G ** = fact box both corn lines were treated

The table shows that Basudin 5 G, an active ingredient of 5% 0.02-diethyl-O- (2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridinidinyl) thiophosphate, is an insecticidal granulate of the Minister of Agriculture and Food 80.268 / 1970. Instead of using the 35 kg / ha (20 kg / h) application rate set out in the license No. 20, the 26 kg / ha application is equally effective if the soil disinfectant formulation is made attractive by adding 0.05% aetheroleum pinilisilvestris per granule amount. . This means that 25.7% per hectare of Basudin 5 G is sufficient, which is 80.268 / 1970. With a licensed dose of about a quarter hectare, more land can be managed and disinfectant from a commensurate volume purchase of soil disinfectant. It also reduces the environmental risk of the procedure.

Considering that wild pine oil, orange oil, and carnation oil, identified as earthworm attractors to wire worms, elicited almost the same quality of movement reflexes in the comparative studies (Table 1), our further investigations were conducted with commercially available forest pine oil.

To demonstrate that any insecticide that can be formulated as granules can be formulated in a soil disinfectant subject to the present invention and has a wire-germicidal effect equal to or better than that of a separate formulation with a higher active ingredient, kinalphos = 0.0-diethyl-O- (quinoxalinyl) with the active ingredient Ekalux 25 EC. The insecticide was made in the form of a plant protection product in the form of granules, with or without 0.05% pine oil. Biological control of a new type of soil disinfectant was carried out under small-plot conditions using a maize flagella in 3 replicates with provocative infection (widening of wireworms per plot). The sowing depth of the corn was 5 cm. Wireworms were harvested 24 hours after sowing and treated with soil disinfectant 24 hours later. The soil disinfectant was applied as a surface treatment and then applied to the soil at a depth of 2-3 cm. (The plots were separated from each other by recessed soil elements to prevent crawling or mixing of the worms.) The new soil disinfectant was compared with the 10% carbofuran, traditionally used in agriculture, under the tradename Chinufur 10 G. The study was evaluated 14 days after treatment, with plant screening and live wire worms per treatment! determination.

The extent of soil disinfection is shown in Table 3.

Treatment Application rate kg / ha Effectiveness as a percentage of mortality Basudin 5 G + Attractant · 35 + 0.05% * 100.0 Basudin 5 G + Attractant * 32 + 0.05% * 98.3 Basudin 5 G + Attractant * 29 + 0.05% * 100.0 Basudin 5 G + Attractant * 26 + 0.05% * 96.6 Basudin 5 G + Attractant * 23 + 0.05% * 95.0 Basudin 5 G + Attractant * 20 + 0.05% * 91.6 Basudin 5G 35 56.6 Basudin 5G " 35 96.6 control untreated 11.6

Treatments Dose

Mortality%

First

Second

Third

4th

5th

6.7.

Ekalux 5 G Ekalux 5 G Ekalux 3 G Ekalux 3 G Ekalux 3 G Ekinux 3 G Chinufur 10 G (Standard Control) kg / ha kg / ha kg / ha kg / ha kg / ha + 0.05% pine oil 20 kg / ha + 0.05% pine oil 25 kg / ha

73.3

70.0

73.3 60.0 86.6

83.3 66.6

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The table shows that the soil disinfectant according to the invention proves to be at least 13% and at most 23% better than its self-formulated equal dose counterparts, but its biological activity is 10% higher than the 1.6 times higher active ingredient. and a single dose formulation of 1.75 times the dosage. The new soil disinfectant of the present invention also proved to be about 20% better than the standard control. The corn plants did not have wireworm damage in any of the plots. This means that the 66.6% effect of Chinufur 10 G is also appropriate, meaning that Ekalux 3 G + 0.05% Pine Oil is a suitable soil disinfectant at lower application rates.

Similarly good results were obtained in our large plot studies with the following formulations:

(a) 0,05% pine oil

5.0% 0.0-Diethyl-O- (2-isopropyl-4-methyl-pyrimidinyl) -thiophosphate (Diazinon 5 G)

94.95% limestone

b) 0.05% orange oil

10.0% 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl-N-methylcarbamate (Chinufur 10 G)

89.95% corn cob meal (c) 0.05% carnation oil

10.0% Ο, Ο-diethyl S-ethylthiomethyldithiophosphate (Thimet

G)

89.95% sepiolite

Mineral, vegetable, or other suitably selected solid carrier materials are suitable as a formulation, as evidenced by the formulation examples listed above.

Claims (1)

Granules containing 3-10% insecticidal active ingredient and 90-97% solid, preferably mineral or plant carrier material against wireworms, characterized in that 0.05-0.1% wild pine oil or carnation oil is used as an attractant, or contains orange oil.