HU176721B - Three phase grouped fuse mouting of vertical arrangement,of plate drawer - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a three-phase, vertical array plate drawer group fuse assembly.

Wires and cables from transformer stations and low voltage switchgear S for a wide variety of applications must be protected against overload or short circuits. The Bzen problem is usually solved by using fuses. Fuse protectors are also used in some versions of contact protection for safety purposes.

In high-voltage power supply and industrial installations, the Nm fuses and matching NOL, SNOL, NOR, etc. manufactured by VBKM are almost exclusively used for this purpose. the use of fusible inserts Iata teqed. They are applied in groups in essentially two ways. In one case, said socket - fuse units are made of three - phase assemblies, respectively. (such as KBK, BTS, FEB, etc.) and 20 of these are made into distribution units with the disposable and encapsulated according to the specific need.

Alternatively, each Nm socket and fuser insert is mounted horizontally or vertically on the housing support assemblies, thereby forming three-phase branching units.

It is well known that the BKB fuse assembly does not produce the desired effects from a safety point of view and is also expensive. As a result, production is planned to be discontinued. The BTS type. The device 30 is better than the previous one in terms of safety, but has many contacts and therefore has low reliability. It also has the disadvantage that it necessarily requires a protective cover. Both devices are arranged horizontally (the fuses and fittings of each phase are located side by side), which means that in case of a large number of branches, the horizontal size requirement is often unbearably large. This can be mitigated with a multi-tier layout, but this results in a rail and connection complexity which leads to vertical size increases and costs cannot be reduced.

The fact that, in practice, the three-phase fuse units are generally used in a multiplied manner, in groups, indicates in itself that it is inappropriate to make the three-phase unit as a complete assembly and device, and then to mount it to a support structure with the required number of branching devices. Device manufacturing and assembly activities can be partially combined, while ensuring that the structural elements of adjacent units can be combined and reused. For this reason, but also in terms of size and space utilization, the vertical arrangement of the three-phase unit is preferred.

The appearance of the vertical phase-mounted FEB assembly did not bring the expected and desirable benefits, as it could be the source of an accident during operation, and from a safety point of view, 176721 has given rise to strong objections. This is based on the fact that you can only perform the load switching function when the switch cover and handle are used together. However, the cover is very fragile, which makes it often unavailable, and sometimes it is impossible to fit and connect to the body of the device under operating conditions. However, phase separation and arcing can only be achieved through the switch cover! Distribution equipment made of FEB requires a protective case or additional measure, since its protective cover does not cover the rail terminals of the R and S phase connectors. A similarly disadvantageous design is the switch handle that utilizes both hands. Beyond the safety defects of the device, it is also very expensive.

Because of the lower cost and the variation possibilities, so-called flat-bottomed Nm sockets with fuser inserts are widely used. it can also be a horizontal or vertical arrangement of the three-phase connection unit. This type of mounting is for rail or rail mounting. resulting in a complicated and overwhelming solution for connecting wires. There are unavoidable safety issues, especially considering that the fuse pads can only be handled with a conventional Nf handle, so this device is not suitable for the load switching function, although it should be required by all distributors for power continuity and high operating currents. The results and effects that can be achieved with this disposition do not meet our current safety and operational requirements.

To promote arching, so-called metal sheets are generally made of metal sheets. arcing chambers are used. They are usually placed in the socket assembly in the arcuate contact area of all Nm sockets. Other times - such as the VBKM FEB type. device - this task is a separate structural unit called the so-called. it is provided with a switch cover, otherwise it has conventional arching chambers. The former is considered unfavorable for economic reasons, while the latter is neglected for security reasons for the reasons already mentioned.

For safety reasons, earthing and short-circuiting the busbar busbar or post-fuse contacts of each junction may be necessary in some cases. An assembly designed for this purpose is still in use, but its use is cumbersome and, in some respects, dangerous. It consists of a 3-wire assembly made of a screw-clamped collar or insulating material made of a Nf-handle insert, which must be - and can - be fastened to the busbar one after the other, and may be mounted on the busbar. de-fused and earthed and placed in Nm fuses intended for short-circuiting.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a safety assembly which is free from defects and deficiencies of the prior art and which, in particular, has new beneficial effects in terms of safety. It is also our goal that technical upgrades can be accomplished with the reduction of labor and fixed costs, at a favorable price for fittings.

When designing the switch handle, we consider that it is a natural requirement nowadays to operate a low voltage fuse blade fuse box assembly in the rated load range, so to use it as a load switch. In most cases, phase-by-phase operation is permissible. In fact, this is almost desirable for power distribution distributors, as single-phase consumer connections are usually established, thus minimizing power outages in time and space.

To overcome the shortcomings of current grounding short-circuits, the inventors have aimed to provide a grounding-short-circuit assembly that fits the dimensions of, and is an indirect accessory to, the dimensions of three-phase, vertical, plate-mounted, group fuses.

In the fuse assembly according to the invention, the fuses for each phase are superimposed and form columns. The fuses in one row are mounted on a common support. The columns are separated by longitudinal plates made of insulating material. The longitudinal plates have grooves which engage with the holders. Above and below the center fence are transverse partition plates made of insulating material, the grooves of which are connected in a comb-like manner to the longitudinal partition plates provided with the adapter stiffening ribs. The longitudinal plates are fastened by means of fixing bolts with insulating metal pipes in the grooves of the longitudinal plates at the top and bottom. The longitudinal response plates are provided with open openings from the rear for busbars connected to one of the contact sockets of the fuse bases. On the back side of the transverse response plates, grooves are provided for rails connecting to the other contact terminal of the fuse sockets, which are inserted between the insulating body of the fuse boxes and the stud bolts provided in the grooves on the rear side of the longitudinal response plates. For switching handles and earthing short-circuits, open L-shaped grooves are provided on the longitudinal response plates, and the longitudinal response plates are provided with stop bolts.

Preferably, each securing pillar is provided with a protective cover consisting of a closed front wall and side walls having locking projections fitted to the fixing screws.

A coupling handle is proposed for the fuse assembly according to the invention, wherein one of the ends of the coupling and retaining arms is fixed to the pins which engage in the grooves of the longitudinal plates, which are pivotally limited relative to one another and a compression spring is disposed therebetween. At the other end of the coupling arm are grip plates for a fusible insert and a handle provided with a hand protrusion. At the end of the handle is a locking knob connected to the locking lever by a cable and at the other end a locking chamber is secured.

The fuse assembly preferably has a grounding short-circuit having a body made of insulating material with a handle on the pins in the grooves of the longitudinal plates by means of a coupling lever. A metal rail is embedded in the body, equipped with contacts and a grounding conductor.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment and drawings. In the drawings it is

Figure 1 is a front view of a fuse assembly according to the invention without a protective cover, a

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1 with a protective cover fitted, a

Figure 3 is a side view of the longitudinal response plate, a

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line Β-B in Fig. 3;

Figure 5 is a front view of the longitudinal response plate of Figure 3, a

Figure 6 is a detail view of the transverse response plate, a

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the protective cover, a

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along the line C-C in Figure 7, a

Fig. 9 shows the position of the switch handle in two phases of operation, side view, and

Figure 10 is a side view of the earthing short-circuit details.

The design and structural elements of the multi-branch fuse switchgear are illustrated in Figures 1 and 2:

The retaining bases 2, 2 ', 2' are fastened to the support structure horizontally by three rows of rectangular cross-section support 1. Underneath fuses, the so-called fuses. columns form three-phase units. In the center of the columns there are vertical insulating plates 3, 3 '' (Figures 3-5), which are connected to the supports 1 by their grooves 9, which also provide the basic mechanical fixing. On both sides of the central locking line, also in the middle, the transverse response plates 4 (Fig. 6) are connected to the longitudinal response plates 3, 3 'with the grooves 38 in a comb-like manner. This connection also provides for the joint holding and lateral locking of the response plate 4. Further fastening of the ends of the longitudinal response plates 3, 3 'at the top and bottom with the insulating support tubes 5, 5' is provided by the fixing screws 6, 6 '. Depth positioning of the transverse response plates 4 is easily solved by the derailed rails 7, 7 '.

The insulating partition plates 3, 4 thus form a drawer system, each of which has its fuse socket and its fusible insert separated from its neighbor.

It follows from the arrangement that the busbars 31, 31 ', 31 "are arranged in rows, connected to the upper or lower contact pins 37 of the fuse holders 2, 2', 2". For this purpose, the openings 32 in the longitudinal partition plates 3 are provided with openings 32 from the rear. Fig. 3 shows a partition plate 3 for accommodating an upper busbar 31.

The cable connection can be made per column in the longitudinal direction. For this purpose, the rails 7, 7 'connecting the two fuse bases 2', 2 'to the contact piece 39 must be led to the connector compartment, which is an extended part of the drawer. The specially curved rails 7, 7 'are disposed on the back of each column, with the position holding on one side of the respective grooves 33 (Fig. 6) of the transverse partition plates 4 and on the lower (upper) fitting The support tubes 34 and the insulating body of the securing base 2 (2 ") provided in the grooves 40 formed in the grooves 40 on the rear side of the response plates. The rails 7, 7 'are insulated with shrink tubes.

Alternatively, the outlet can be provided in both directions within the same distribution unit. The prerequisite for this is that the column concerned is constructed with a suitable longitudinal response plate 3.

When connecting wires and cables, the fastening screws 6, 6 'can be removed from the grooves 35, 35' of the response plates 3, 3 'after loosening (Fig. 3).

L-shaped groove rails 41, 41 ', 41 "and stop pins 10, 10', 10" are formed on the longitudinal response plates 3, 3 'to connect the connecting stiffeners 36 and the connecting pins of the switch handle and the earthing short-circuit.

5 and 10).

Fuse accessory accessories are also included in Figures 7 and 7

Fig. 8 is also a protective cover. The protective cover covers the vertical three-phase units. The protective cover has a closed front wall 42 and side walls 43, 44 provided with locking projections 45, 46, 46 '. The attachment of the protective cover to the assembly body can be easily lifted or tilted using the upper and lower retaining bolts 6, 6 'and the retaining projections 45, 46, 46'. The protective cover covers all live components, including the wiring harness fittings, thus providing complete protection in itself from a safety point of view. There is therefore no need for a separate enclosure for this reason. The protective cover, when fitted, is shown in Figure 2.

The new insulating elements, partition plates and protective cover used for the present construction can also be made of plastic with a low resistance to heat, as they are not subject to electrical stress and intensive ventilation. However, the self-extinguishing properties and mechanical availability, shape stability is a requirement. to 120%. It is advisable to make the protective cover in a transparent design so that the visual inspection of the electrical fittings can be carried out without lifting.

A switch handle suitable for the load switch function is also illustrated in Figure 9:

The switch handle is made of insulating plastic, to which metal components are fastened with screws. Inside the handle body 11 there is a locking button 12 with a helically spring reset which is actuated at its end and engages a locking pin by a cable link. T-cut grip plates are connected to the lower face of the handle body to connect the tabs of the fusible pads 47.

During use, the switch handle engages two metal plate fork-shaped coupling arms 14 to the fitting of the 2, 2 ', 2 "fittings so that the pin 15 at both ends of the longitudinal response plates 3, 3' is opposed per drawer 41, 41 '. 41 ”it enters the groove paths and lifts them up at its ends, but retains its ability to turn. The switch handle pivotable about the pins 15 is thus capable of moving the fusible insert 47 attached to the gripping plates, pushing the blades 49, 53 as movable contacts between the spring-loaded contact contacts 48, 52 of the fuse holders 2, 2 ', 2'. pulls out of them. The two plates of the coupling arm 14 are fastened to both sides of the coupling body by a screw connection so that the plates are insulated from one another. Using a handle can cause a short circuit, so you can't even make a mistake or negligence.

The switch handle is equipped with a 16-chamber fire chamber, which is constructed of grooved and grooved sheets of high heat capacity and good arcing. The plates of the arching chamber 16 are fastened by screws between the insulating inserts on both sides, to which are also attached the forks 17 of the arching chamber 16, also in the form of a fork. The attachment of the support arm 17 is secured by the pins 15 of the coupling arm 14 allowing rotation around the pins 15. The support arm 17 and, with it, the springs chamber 16 are laterally spring-tensioned in the direction away from the handle body. thus approx. A rotation of 20 ° is possible, whereby a pivot limit is created between the coupling arm 14 and the retaining arm 17.

Thus, the operation and mechanism of action of the switch handle and the enclosed arcing chamber 16 are as follows:

The blade fusible insert 47 to be removed in the fuse assembly is gripped by the engaging handle by the tabs provided for this purpose. To do this, the handle pins 15 are slid into the respective narrower guide grooves 41, 41 ', 41', and the handle is pushed onto the fusible insert 47 and pushed down. Meanwhile, the locking engagement between the coupling handle and the fusible insert 47 is tightened, and the springs between the coupling arm 14 and the support arm 17 are tensioned as the support arm 17 rests on the stop pins 10, 10 ', 10 "and approx. it is set in parallel. The grooved plates of the arc chamber 16 then encircle the stationary contacts 48 and the blade 49 between them. When the handle body is pulled out, the blade 49 of the fusible insert 47 that moves with it is detached from the stationary contact 48, but by approx. Up to a rotation of 20 °, the springs leave the drinking chamber 16 in place. In the next phase of the switching operation, the arching chamber 16 is moved with the handle (coupling arm 14) as a rigid connection is formed between the two arms by collision. The separation of the contacts occurs in the first phase of the switching, with the 16 arcing chambers at rest. The motion of the arching chamber 16 during the arcing (second phase) increases the extinguishing effect as fresh, cold plates enter the arch space and the air space above the stationary contacts 48 is rapidly rinsed. The arc extinguishing effect can also be improved by cutting off the fusible side 47 of the stationary contacts 48 of the fuse bases 2, 2 ', 2'.

The hand of the person performing the coupling is protected from the potentially dangerous effects of the arc by the plate-shaped projection 50 of the handle body.

The switch handle, the extinguishing chamber 16, the fusible insert 47 or the position contact of the stationary contacts 48, 52 during the various phases of actuation a

Figure 9 illustrates.

It should also be noted that with some modifications to the earthing shorting handle described below, a three-phase switching handle may be provided, however, in this case, the placement of the arching chamber 16 on the handle must be eliminated and incorporated into the socket assembly.

The recommended grounding short-circuit (with lower short-circuit contacts) is shown in Figure 10:

The body of the three-phase earthing short-circuit is made of insulating plastic, which also includes a handle 20 as a structural part. Embedded in the body 19, by means of a double dovetail joint, is a metal rail 21 short-circuiting the corresponding stationary contacts 52, 52 ', 52 "of the three phases to which the 22, 22', 22" contacting screws connect the three closures. The metal rail 21 is connected to the metal rail by means of an intermediate piece, which is connected on the front side with a transparent plastic-protected and insulated flexible grounding wire.

The earthing short circuit to the fuse assembly or it can be connected to the lowest groove paths 41 of the response plates 3, 3 'by means of pins 51 fixed to the coupling arm 24. (Of course, its functional use can only occur after removing the fuser inserts and connecting the grounding wire to the grounding screw.) The earthing shortcut, as well as the protective cover, provides a safety touch as the fully insulated body on the front side is The contact assembly is covered over the entire length of the fuse assembly to prevent accidental contact. The assembly is secured by a securing strap 25 in the on position against any short-circuit, dynamic forces.

It has already been mentioned that the design of the fuse assembly enables the distributors to be formed with lower or upper conductor connections, and even a switching position is possible within the same distributor. It follows that short-circuiting the conductor side must be provided at the lower or upper contacts of the fuses. A similar situation arises if the earthing or short-circuiting of the busbar is to be solved with the recommended earthing short-circuit.

The earthing short-circuit is also suitable for this alternative function, if it is connected to the metal rail 21 at the height of the lower or upper contacts of the base column providing the contacts 22, 22 ', 22 ".

The new three-phase, vertical-array, disk-stacked, group-fuse assemblies are advantageously used, for example:

for the distribution and public lighting equipment of building transformer stations, for distribution meters for public and industrial column transformer stations, for fuse distribution cabinets for cable networks and for terminal boxes for residential buildings.

Claims (5)

A three-phase, vertical arrangement of plate-type, group-mounted fuse assemblies, in which each of the phases, stacked on top of each other, form columns, characterized in that the series of fuses (2, 2 ', 2') on a common support (1) are secured, the posts are separated from each other by longitudinal partition plates (3, 3 ') made of insulating material, grooves (9) are formed on the longitudinal partition plates (3, 3') which engage with the supports (1), the middle fuse base (2 ') above and below a row there are provided transverse partition plates (4) made of insulating material, the grooves (38) of which are connected in a comb-like manner to the longitudinal partition plates (3, 3 ') provided with the insert stiffening ribs (36); and below with insulating support tubes (5, 5 ') fitting into the grooves (35, 35') of the longitudinal response plates (3, 3 ') fastening screws (6, 6 '), the openings (32) are formed from the rear on the longitudinal plates (3, 3') by means of openings (31) connected to one of the contact pins (37) of the sockets (2, 2 ', 2'); 3Γ, 31 ”), grooves (33) are provided on the rear side of the transverse selection plates (4) for rails (7, 7’) connected to the other contact pivot (39) of the fuse bases (2, 2 ', 2'), which are the insulation bushings of the fuses (2, 2 ', 2 ”) and the longitudinal 5 response plates (3), (3 ') are guided between rod bolts (8) with retaining tubes (34) located in grooves (40) on the rear side, and for switching handle and earthing short-circuit on the longitudinal response plates (3, 3') from the front Open L-shaped groove tracks (41, 41 ', 41 ") are formed and the longitudinal response plates (3, 3') are provided with stop bolts (10, 10 ', 10"). An embodiment of a fuse assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the fuses The securing posts 5 are provided with a protective cover consisting of a closed front wall (42) and side walls (43, 44) having locking projections (45, 46, 46 ') fitted to the fixing screws (6, 6'). The fuse assembly according to claim 1 Embodiment 0, characterized in that one end of the coupling arm (14) and the support arm (17) are fastened to the pins (15) fitting into the grooves (41, 4Γ, 41 ”) of the longitudinal response plates (3, 3 '). , and 5 are provided with a compression spring, the other end of the coupling arm (14) being connected to a fusion plate (47) by handle plates and a handle (11) with a hand protrusion (50), locked by a locking lever at the end of the handle (11) A push button (12) is formed and the arch (17) is secured at the other end of the support arm (17). An embodiment of a fuse assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it is longitudinal A body (19) of insulating material with a handle (20) is secured to the pins (51) of the grooves (41, 41 ', 41') of the 5 response plates (3, 3 '), and a metal rail (21) is provided in the body (19). ) is embedded with contacts (22, 22 ', 22 ") and has a grounding conductor.