HRP931414A2

HRP931414A2 - Pressure switch

Info

Publication number: HRP931414A2
Application number: HR931414A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Stevan Vukomanovi
Original assignee: Stevan Vukomanovi
Priority date: 1985-04-30
Filing date: 1993-11-19
Publication date: 1994-12-31

Description

Oblast tehnike The field of technology

Predmet pronalaska spada u oblast opće strojarstvo i to u područje skladištenje ili razvođenje plinova ili tekućina. Prema Međunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata pronalazak je označen klasifikacijskim simbolom F17D 5/00 kojim su označeni zaštita ili nadzor instalacija u sistemima cjevovoda. The subject of the invention belongs to the field of general mechanical engineering and to the field of storage or distribution of gases or liquids. According to the International Classification of Patents, the invention is marked with the classification symbol F17D 5/00, which indicates the protection or monitoring of installations in pipeline systems.

Tehnički problem Technical problem

Tehnički problem koji se rješava ovim pronalaskom sastoji se u slijedećem: kako riješiti signaliziranje maksimalnog ili minimalnog tlaka u cjevovodu kod težih uvjeta rada gdje su učestali hidraulički udari i vibracije primjenom tlačne sklopke koja zadovoljava rad u takovom prostoru. The technical problem that is solved by this invention consists in the following: how to solve the signaling of the maximum or minimum pressure in the pipeline under difficult working conditions where there are frequent hydraulic shocks and vibrations by applying a pressure switch that satisfies the operation in such a space.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

Dosadašnji uređaji koji se koriste kao tlačne sklopke nisu bili građeni za teške uvjete rada na cjevovodima gdje su tlakovi visoki i učestali su hidraulički udari i vibracije. U slučaju da su pare tekućine i plinovi u cjevovodu ili u okolici lakozapaljive ili stvaraju eksplozivnu smjesu potrebno je da je cijela tlačna sklopka izvedena tako da bude neopasna u toj sredini. The previous devices used as pressure switches were not built for heavy working conditions on pipelines where pressures are high and hydraulic shocks and vibrations are frequent. In the event that liquid vapors and gases in the pipeline or in the surrounding area are flammable or create an explosive mixture, the entire pressure switch must be designed so that it is non-hazardous in that environment.

Tlačna sklopka prijavljena ovom prijavom izvedena je tako da omogućuje primjenu na cjevovodu sa vrlo visokim tlakovima. Podešavanje nivoa signalizacije ili regulacije tlaka je jednostavno i pouzdano, a sama sklopka je izvedena tako da zadovoljava „S“ zaštitu i prema JUS N. 58.401 omogućuje upotrebu u Exm I, Exm II i CT6 stupnju protueksplozivne zaštite. The pressure switch reported in this application is designed so that it can be used on pipelines with very high pressures. Adjusting the level of signaling or pressure regulation is simple and reliable, and the switch itself is designed to meet "S" protection and, according to JUS N. 58.401, enables use in Exm I, Exm II and CT6 degrees of anti-explosion protection.

Sklopke koje se danas koriste upotrebljavaju se kao uređaji koji se uključuju ili isključuju kod pada tlaka ispod neke vrijednosti ili kod porasta tlaka iznad neke vrijednosti. The switches used today are used as devices that turn on or off when the pressure drops below a certain value or when the pressure rises above a certain value.

Tlačna sklopka prijavljena ovom prijavom može se samo podešavanjem elemenata na tijelu sklopke upotrijebiti i za signaliziranje maksimalnog ili minimalnog tlaka. The pressure switch registered with this application can be used to signal maximum or minimum pressure just by adjusting the elements on the switch body.

Opis rješenja tehničkog problema Description of the solution to the technical problem

Tlačna sklopka sastoji se od tijela 1 valjkastog oblika koje je izvedeno od nemagnetičnog materijala, takovih debljina stjenki da zadovolje maksimalne trenutne tlakove koji se mogu pojaviti u sistemu cjevovoda gdje je sklopka ugrađena. Na donjem dijelu tijela 1 izveden je navoj 1.1 kojim se tlačna sklopka učvršćuje na priključno mjesto na cjevovodu. S gornje strane tijela 1 također je izveden navoj 1.2 kojim se učvršćuje poklopac 2 na tlačnu sklopku. Poklopac 2 ima ulogu zaštite regulacionog dijela tlačne sklopke od nečistoća i neovlaštenog podešavanja. The pressure switch consists of a cylindrical body 1, which is made of non-magnetic material, with such wall thicknesses as to meet the maximum instantaneous pressures that may occur in the pipeline system where the switch is installed. On the lower part of the body 1, there is a thread 1.1, which fastens the pressure switch to the connection point on the pipeline. On the upper side of the body 1, there is also a thread 1.2 that fastens the cover 2 to the pressure switch. Cover 2 has the role of protecting the regulating part of the pressure switch from dirt and unauthorized adjustment.

U tijelu sklopke 1 izveden je provrt u kojem se nalazi klip sklopke 3. Na čeonu površinu klipa 3.1 djeluje tlak iz cjevovoda i pomiče ga tijelu sklopke 1. A hole is made in the body of the switch 1 in which the piston of the switch 3 is located. Pressure from the pipeline acts on the front surface of the piston 3.1 and moves it to the body of the switch 1.

Na klipu sklopke 3 nalaze se i utori 3.2 u kojima su smještene brtve 4, koje sprječavaju prolaz medija iz cjevovoda u prostor provrta tijela sklopke 1. On the piston of the switch 3, there are grooves 3.2 in which seals 4 are placed, which prevent the passage of media from the pipeline into the bore of the switch body 1.

U klip sklopke 3 nasuprot čeonoj površini klipa 3.1 učvršćen je odstojnik 5. Na odstojniku 5 nalazi se permanentni magnet 6 učvršćen na određenu udaljenost od klipa sklopke 3. Iznad permanentnog magneta 6 postavljena je vodilica opruge 7. A spacer 5 is fixed in the piston of the switch 3 opposite the front surface of the piston 3.1. On the spacer 5 there is a permanent magnet 6 fixed at a certain distance from the piston of the switch 3. A spring guide 7 is placed above the permanent magnet 6.

Sa gornje strane tijela sklopke 1 u provrtu kroz tijelo 1 izveden je navoj 1.3 kojim se može podesiti položaj regulacionog vijka 8. Regulacioni vijak 8 na gornjoj strani ima četvrtasti nastavak 8.1 koji služi za prihvat cjevastog ključa namijenjenog podešavanju tlačne sklopke. S donje strane regulacionog vijka 8 nalazi se vodilica opruge 8.2 On the upper side of the body of the switch 1, in the hole through the body 1, there is a thread 1.3, which can be used to adjust the position of the adjustment screw 8. The adjustment screw 8 has a square extension 8.1 on the upper side, which is used to accept the tubular key intended for adjusting the pressure switch. On the lower side of the adjustment screw 8 is the spring guide 8.2

U tijelu sklopke 1 između vodilice opruge 7 i vodilice opruge 8.2 smještena je opruga 9. A spring 9 is located in the body of the switch 1 between the spring guide 7 and the spring guide 8.2.

Na tijelo sklopke 1 s vanjske strane učvršćena je magnetska sklopka 10 pomoću obujmica 11. A magnetic switch 10 is attached to the body of the switch 1 on the outside by means of clips 11.

Na tijelu sklopke 1 je i otvor 1.4 namijenjen izlazu medija iz tijela sklopke 1 u slučaju da je prošao uz brtvu 4 u taj prostor. On the body of the switch 1, there is also an opening 1.4 intended for the exit of the medium from the body of the switch 1 in case it has passed along the seal 4 into that space.

Ovisno o tlaku u cjevovodu koji djeluje na čeonu površinu klipa 3.1 i podešenost regulacionog vijka 8, te karakteristici opruge 9 dolazi do pomicanja permanentnog magneta 6 u provrtu tijela sklopke 1. Prolazeći pored magnetske sklopke 10 permanentni magnet 6 aktivira magnetsku sklopku 10 u kojoj se vrši otvaranje ili zatvaranje kontakata i uspostavlja ili prekida regulacioni strujni krug koji dalje vrši regulaciju ili signalizaciju stanja u sistemu. Depending on the pressure in the pipeline that acts on the front surface of the piston 3.1 and the adjustment of the adjusting screw 8, and the characteristics of the spring 9, the movement of the permanent magnet 6 in the bore of the switch body 1 occurs. Passing by the magnetic switch 10, the permanent magnet 6 activates the magnetic switch 10 in which opening or closing contacts and establishes or breaks the regulation circuit which further regulates or signals the state of the system.

Dijelovi tlačne sklopke moraju biti izvedeni iz nemagnetičnog materijala na magnetsku sklopku, osim utjecaja permanentnog magneta. The parts of the pressure switch must be made of non-magnetic material on the magnetic switch, except for the influence of the permanent magnet.

Navod o najboljem načinu za privrednu upotrebu Citation of the best way for commercial use

Kod izrade tlačne sklopke nisu potrebna neka posebna znanja ili uputstva osim onih kojima raspolažu ljudi koji rade na poslovima izrade preciznih predmeta. When making a pressure switch, no special knowledge or instructions are needed, except for those that are available to people who work on making precision objects.

U toku izrade potrebno je pridržavati se traženih tolerancija kako bi se dobila funkcionalna veza pojedinih elemenata. During production, it is necessary to adhere to the required tolerances in order to obtain a functional connection of individual elements.

Materijal tlačne sklopke mora biti nemagnetičan (osim permanentnog magneta) tako da ne utječe na ispravan rad magnetske sklopke. Brtva za brtvljenje između tijela sklopke i klipa mora biti otporna na medij koji se nalazi u cjevovodu. The material of the pressure switch must be non-magnetic (except for the permanent magnet) so that it does not affect the correct operation of the magnetic switch. The sealing gasket between the switch body and the piston must be resistant to the medium in the pipeline.

Claims

1. Pressure switch intended to signal the maximum or minimum pressure in the pipeline where hydraulic shocks and vibrations are frequent, indicated by the fact that the permanent magnet (6) is fixed with a spacer (5) on the switch piston (3) and above the permanent magnet (6) a spring guide (7) and spring (9) and regulation screw (8) located in the body of the switch (1), while the magnetic switch (10) is fixed on the body of the switch (1) from the outside.