HRP930387A2

HRP930387A2 - Improvement on centrufugal pumps

Info

Publication number: HRP930387A2
Application number: HR930387A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Laurent Bourdelain; Joel Cousin
Original assignee: Electro Mec Nivernais
Priority date: 1992-03-17
Filing date: 1993-03-16
Publication date: 1994-12-31
Also published as: SI9300124A; DE69301480D1; FR2688830A1; ES2083257T3; EP0561689A1; ATE134024T1; FR2688830B1; DE69301480T2; EP0561689B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an improvement which applies to all types of centrifugal pumps, particularly those equipped with filters (2) including a body (15), a filter (2), a filter chamber (1), a discharge pipe (6) and a separation partition (8,3) between the filter chamber (1) and the turbine chamber (4), and characterised in that they include at least one calibrated opening between the periphery of the turbine chamber (4) and the filter chamber (1) allowing a permanent water circuit to be set up between the two chambers. <IMAGE>

Description

Ovaj izum bavi se usavršavanjem svih tipova centrifugalnih crpki, a posebno onih s filterom. This invention deals with the improvement of all types of centrifugal pumps, especially those with a filter.

Primjerice, u nekom električnom aparatu centrifugalna crpka služi kao crpka za cirkulaciju fluida, posebice za izbacivanje vode. Zato se crpka sastoji od komore turbine, komore motora, a može biti opremljena i komorom filtera koja zaustavlja nepoželjne krute elemente donesene vodom da ne uđu u komoru. Pogonski motor turbine može biti sinkroni, asinkroni, univerzalni motor ili elektromotor nekog drugog tipa. For example, in an electrical appliance, a centrifugal pump serves as a pump for fluid circulation, especially for expelling water. That is why the pump consists of a turbine chamber, a motor chamber, and can also be equipped with a filter chamber that stops undesirable solid elements brought by the water from entering the chamber. The turbine drive motor can be a synchronous, asynchronous, universal motor or an electric motor of some other type.

Dakle, voda se filtrira, centrifugira u komori turbine, te izbacuje kroz cijev za odvod. Osim problema vezanih uz funkcioniranje, postoje i problemi cirkulacije vode i svojstveni su svim centrifugalnim crpkama, te se mogu svrstati u dva tipa. Therefore, the water is filtered, centrifuged in the turbine chamber, and thrown out through the drain pipe. In addition to problems related to functioning, there are also problems of water circulation and they are inherent to all centrifugal pumps, and they can be classified into two types.

Kad zrak počne prodirati u tok crpke (kao naprimjer na kraju pražnjenja spremnika stroja), on ostaje blokiran u središnjem dijelu komore turbine, te preostala voda zauzima periferiju te komore. Taj fenomen je prouzrokovan težinom čestica vode koje je velikom brzinom povukla turbina, te centrifugirala na vanjski dio komore turbine, zadržavajući zrak u središnjem položaju. When air begins to penetrate the flow of the pump (such as at the end of emptying the tank of the machine), it remains blocked in the central part of the turbine chamber, and the remaining water occupies the periphery of that chamber. This phenomenon is caused by the weight of water particles that were pulled by the turbine at high speed and centrifuged on the outer part of the turbine chamber, keeping the air in the central position.

U toj fazi pražnjenja stvara se jedan oscilatorni režim dolaska i odlaska vode u odvodnoj cijevi, što uzrokuje neugodnu buku koja se naziva "reniflement" (šmrkanje; šmrcanje op.prev.). In this emptying phase, an oscillatory regime of arrival and departure of water in the drainage pipe is created, which causes an unpleasant noise called "reniflement".

S druge strane, kad nova količina vode stigne nakon toga na ulaz komore, ona biva blokirana zrakom koji je u središtu turbine, pa se protok vode ponovo uspostavlja tek nakon dosta vremena (između nekoliko sekundi do nekoliko minuta). On the other hand, when a new amount of water arrives at the entrance of the chamber afterwards, it is blocked by the air in the center of the turbine, so the water flow is restored only after a long time (between a few seconds and a few minutes).

Osnova rješenja za ove dvije poteškoće sastoji se u tome da se između izlaza i ulaza u komoru turbine instalira cijev dobro kalibriranog promjera, kako bi se zadržao stalan dotok vode u crpku, čak i kada ona nema više vode koju treba izbaciti. Taj dotok vode omogućava da se homogenizira mješavina zrak-voda u unutrašnjosti komore, što pak pospješuje najbolju evakuaciju zraka kad se voda ponovno pojavi na ulazu. Takvo rješenje isto tako omogućava prigušenje oscilatornog režima cijevi za odvod vode. Ovo rješenje već je primijenjeno na nekim strojevima za rublje i posuđe, ali je skupo zbog cijene dijelova (dodatne cijevi, priključci) te cijene instalacije (cijev za montažu koja se često ručno izrađuje). The basis of the solution to these two difficulties is to install a tube of well-calibrated diameter between the outlet and the inlet of the turbine chamber, in order to maintain a constant flow of water to the pump, even when it has no more water to discharge. This inflow of water enables the air-water mixture inside the chamber to be homogenized, which in turn promotes the best air evacuation when the water reappears at the entrance. Such a solution also enables damping of the oscillatory regime of the water drainage pipe. This solution has already been applied to some washing machines and dishes, but it is expensive due to the cost of parts (additional pipes, connections) and the cost of installation (mounting pipe which is often made by hand).

Ovaj izum omogućuje da izbjegnemo dva problema loše cirkulacije vode u komori turbine (fenomen "šmrcanja" /reniflement/ i kašnjenje početka procesa), isto kao i poteškoće prouzročene prethodno opisanim rješenjem koje stvara gubitak dobro kalibriranog protoka s periferije komore turbine "uzvodno" prema komori filtera. This invention allows us to avoid two problems of poor water circulation in the turbine chamber (the phenomenon of "sniffing" /reniflement/ and the delay of the start of the process), as well as the difficulties caused by the previously described solution that creates a loss of well-calibrated flow from the periphery of the turbine chamber "upstream" to the chamber filter.

Budući da je voda na periferiji komore turbine pod visokim pritiskom, a u komori filtera pod niskim pritiskom, uspostavlja se protok vode od periferije komore turbine prema komori filtera. Prema tome, ta je voda preuzeta u komoru turbine kroz komoru filtera, što omogućava da se homogenizira mješavina zrak-voda, uspostavljajući stalni protok vode između komore turbine i komore filtera, čak i ako više nema vode koju treba izbaciti ; te se prema tome umanjuje vrijeme potrebno za ponovnu uspostavu režima nakon novog dolaska neprekinutog toka vode i eliminira pojava "šmrcanja" . Since the water on the periphery of the turbine chamber is under high pressure, and in the filter chamber under low pressure, water flow is established from the periphery of the turbine chamber towards the filter chamber. Therefore, this water is taken into the turbine chamber through the filter chamber, which allows the air-water mixture to be homogenized, establishing a constant flow of water between the turbine chamber and the filter chamber, even if there is no more water to be expelled; and accordingly, the time required for the re-establishment of the regime after the new arrival of an uninterrupted flow of water is reduced and the phenomenon of "sniffing" is eliminated.

Također, ovaj izum bavi se centrifugalnom crpkom za fluide koja sadrži tijelo (cilindar) crpke, filter, komoru filtera, komoru turbine, cijev za odvod i pregradu za odvajanje dviju komora, s karakteristikom da ima bar jedan kalibrirani otvor između periferije komore turbine i komore filtera, koji omogućava uspostavu stalnog protoka vode između dviju komora. Also, this invention deals with a centrifugal pump for fluids that contains a body (cylinder) of the pump, a filter, a filter chamber, a turbine chamber, a drain pipe and a partition for separating the two chambers, with the characteristic that it has at least one calibrated opening between the periphery of the turbine chamber and the chamber filter, which enables the establishment of a constant flow of water between the two chambers.

Ovo rješenje donosi mnogobrojne prednosti od kojih je najvažnija vrlo mali trošak, jer zahtijeva samo laganu modifikaciju jednog već postojećeg dijela (filtera, spoja ili pregrade za odvajanje dviju komora). This solution brings numerous advantages, the most important of which is very low cost, because it only requires a slight modification of one already existing part (filter, connection or partition for separating two chambers).

Ostale prednosti će se bolje vidjeti pri čitanju donjeg opisa, a izum će se bolje shvatiti uz pomoć narednih slika: Other advantages will be better seen when reading the description below, and the invention will be better understood with the help of the following pictures:

slika 1. predstavlja pogled u presjeku crpke opremljene komorom filtera prema prvom načinu realizacije izuma, Figure 1 represents a cross-sectional view of a pump equipped with a filter chamber according to the first embodiment of the invention,

slika 2. predstavlja pogled sprijeda prema vratilu A dijela filtera koji odvaja komoru filtera od komore turbine, a prema prvom načinu realizacije izuma slike 1., Fig. 2 represents a front view towards shaft A of the part of the filter that separates the filter chamber from the turbine chamber, and according to the first embodiment of the invention of Fig. 1,

slika 3. predstavlja pogled u presjeku komore filtera i komore turbine prema drugom načinu realizacije izuma, Figure 3 represents a cross-sectional view of the filter chamber and the turbine chamber according to the second way of implementing the invention,

slika 4. predstavlja pogled u presjeku odvajanja komore filtera i komore turbine prema trećem načinu realizacije izuma. Fig. 4 represents a cross-sectional view of the separation of the filter chamber and the turbine chamber according to the third way of realizing the invention.

Centrifugalna crpka opremljena filterom može imati (kao što je na slici 1.) komoru filtera (1), filter (2), pregradu za razdvajanje (3) između komore filtera (1) i komore turbine (4), turbinu (5) i odvodnu cijev (6). A centrifugal pump equipped with a filter can have (as in Figure 1) a filter chamber (1), a filter (2), a partition (3) between the filter chamber (1) and the turbine chamber (4), a turbine (5) and drain pipe (6).

Pritjecanje fluida je predstavljeno strelicama F, F' i F''. Fluid prolazi (F) komoru filtera (1) i otvor (7) u membrani filtera (2), pa se centrifugira (F') na periferiju komore turbine (4) s turbinom (5) u rotaciji, zatim se evakuira (F'') odvodnom cijevi (6), čiji se ulaz nalazi na periferiji komore turbine (4). Fluid flow is represented by arrows F, F' and F''. The fluid passes (F) the filter chamber (1) and the opening (7) in the filter membrane (2), then it is centrifuged (F') on the periphery of the turbine chamber (4) with the turbine (5) in rotation, then it is evacuated (F' ') drain pipe (6), whose entrance is located on the periphery of the turbine chamber (4).

U načinu realizacije predstavljenom na slici 1., središnji dio pregrade za razdvajanje između komore turbine (4) i komore filtera (1) jest dio (8) filtera (2) koji sadrži spoj na rub (9) . In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the central part of the separation partition between the turbine chamber (4) and the filter chamber (1) is the part (8) of the filter (2) that contains the connection to the edge (9).

U ovom posebnom slučaju spoj na rub (9) je po mogućnosti od istog materijala kao i filter (2), primjerice od plastike. Sasvim je očito da se može koristiti i svaki drugi tip nepropusnog spoja, samostalnog ili integriranog za filter ; dva od tih tipova filtera su predstavljeni slikama 3. i 4. In this particular case, the edge connection (9) is preferably made of the same material as the filter (2), for example plastic. It is quite obvious that any other type of leak-proof connection, independent or integrated for the filter, can be used; two of these types of filters are presented in Figures 3 and 4.

Da bi se stvorilo otjecanje između periferije komore turbine (4) (u kojoj je fluid pod visokim pritiskom) i komore filtera (1) (u kojoj je voda pod niskim pritiskom), izvodi se jedan ili više kalibriranih otvora (10) na visini periferije komore turbine (4). Ti otvori (10) moraju biti kalibrirani, njihovi presjeci mogu biti jednaki naprimjer desetini presjeka odvodne cijevi (6) , a da se znatno ne umanji protok crpke, pa zato oni mogu biti svih oblika. Ovaj ili ovi otvori su izvedeni direktno kroz pregradu razdvajanja (3) integriranu na tijelo (cilindar) crpke, ili pak kroz dio (8) filtera (2) osiguravajući razdvajanje između komore turbine (4) i komore filtera (1), kao što je to slučaj na slikama 1. i 2. In order to create an outflow between the periphery of the turbine chamber (4) (in which the fluid is under high pressure) and the filter chamber (1) (in which the water is under low pressure), one or more calibrated openings (10) are made at the height of the periphery turbine chamber (4). These openings (10) must be calibrated, their cross-sections can be equal to, for example, a tenth of the cross-section of the drainage pipe (6), without significantly reducing the flow of the pump, so they can be of any shape. This or these openings are made directly through the separation partition (3) integrated on the body (cylinder) of the pump, or through the part (8) of the filter (2) ensuring the separation between the turbine chamber (4) and the filter chamber (1), such as this is the case in pictures 1 and 2.

Ako su otvor, odnosno otvori (10) smješteni na membrani (8) za razdvajanje od filtera (2), kao što je slučaj na otvoru (1) i (2) , on, odnosno oni će biti karakteristični po nestanku nepropusnosti membrane (8), dobivenom pomoću žlijeba (10) koji je polukružnog, pravokutnog, okruglog ili nekog drugog oblika, općenito smještenog na obrubu nepropusne membrane (8). If the opening or openings (10) are located on the membrane (8) for separation from the filter (2), as is the case with openings (1) and (2), it or they will be characterized by the loss of the membrane's impermeability (8) ), obtained by means of a groove (10) which is semicircular, rectangular, round or some other shape, generally located on the edge of the impermeable membrane (8).

Slika 2. predstavlja pogled prema vratilu A slike 1., takve izvedbe u kojoj je samo jedan otvor (10) polukružnog oblika napravljen na rubu membrane (8) filtera (2). Figure 2 represents a view towards the shaft A of Figure 1, of such an embodiment in which only one semicircular opening (10) is made on the edge of the membrane (8) of the filter (2).

Fluid centrifugiran na periferiju komore turbine (4) može tako otjecati u komoru filtera (1) de facto s različitim pritiskom, te biti ponovo privučen prema središtu turbine (5) , gdje će se u prisustvu zraka tamo pomiješati, zatim biti ponovo centrifugiran i tako stvoriti stalan tok vode između komore turbine (4) i komore fluida (1), što će riješiti prije navedene tehničke probleme. The fluid centrifuged on the periphery of the turbine chamber (4) can thus flow into the filter chamber (1) de facto with a different pressure, and be attracted again towards the center of the turbine (5), where it will mix in the presence of air, then be centrifuged again and so to create a constant flow of water between the turbine chamber (4) and the fluid chamber (1), which will solve the previously mentioned technical problems.

Slika 2. predstavlja pogled na presjek jednog dijela crpke po drugom načinu realizacije izuma. Nepropusnost je ovdje osigurana ravnim spojem (12) pritisnutim između membrane (13) filtera (14) i pregrade za razdvajanje (15) čiji dio koji je u kontaktu sa spojem može imati oblik kljuna (16) . U tom slučaju jedan ili više otvora (17) nalaze se duž ove pregrade za razdvajanje (15) i stvaraju otjecanje između komore turbine (18) i komore filtera (19). Figure 2 represents a cross-sectional view of one part of the pump according to another embodiment of the invention. The impermeability is ensured here by a flat joint (12) pressed between the membrane (13) of the filter (14) and the separation partition (15), whose part that is in contact with the joint may have the shape of a beak (16). In this case, one or more openings (17) are located along this separation partition (15) and create an outflow between the turbine chamber (18) and the filter chamber (19).

Na slici 4. je nepropusnost između pregrade za razdvajanje (20) i ili pregrade (21) komore filtera (22) i membrane (23) filtera (24) omogućena torusnim spojem (25). Kalibrirani otvor ili otvori između komore filtera (22) i periferije komore turbine (26) mogu se izvesti kroz ovu membranu (23), s ciljem ostvarenja željenog otjecanja. In Figure 4, the impermeability between the separation partition (20) and or the partition (21) of the filter chamber (22) and the membrane (23) of the filter (24) is made possible by a torus connection (25). A calibrated opening or openings between the filter chamber (22) and the periphery of the turbine chamber (26) can be made through this membrane (23), in order to achieve the desired outflow.

Ovaj izum se primjenjuje kod svih tipova centrifugalnih crpki, koje se koriste u svim strojevima s protokom fluida, a posebno onih s filterima, te kućanskim strojevima za rublje i posuđe. This invention is applied to all types of centrifugal pumps, which are used in all machines with fluid flow, especially those with filters, and household machines for laundry and dishes.

Claims

1. Centrifugal fluid pump consisting of body (cylinder) (15), filter (2), filter chamber (1), turbine chamber (4), drain pipe (6) and separation partition (8,3). between the filter chamber (1) and the turbine chamber (4), indicated by the fact that it has at least one calibrated opening between the periphery of the turbine chamber (4) and the filter chamber (1), which enables the establishment of a constant flow of water between the two chambers.

2. Centrifugal fluid pump according to claim 1, characterized in that this or these openings (26) are placed through partitions for separation (8,3) of the filter chamber (1) and the turbine chamber (4).

3. Centrifugal fluid pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separation partition (8,3) between the two chambers (1,4) contains means for achieving impermeability (9,12,25).

4. Centrifugal pump for fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that this or these openings (10) are made through an impermeable means (9).

5. Centrifugal fluid pump according to claim 1, characterized in that this or these openings (17) are located on the body (cylinder) of the pump.

6. Centrifugal pump for fluid according to any of the previous requirements is characterized in that the joint (9, 12, 25) is a means of sealing between the two chambers (1, 4).

7. Centrifugal pump for fluid according to claim 6, characterized in that the connection is of the type of edge connection (9), torus connection (25) or flat connection (12).

8. Washing machines, in particular for laundry or dishes, using a fluid pump characterized by having a centrifugal pump according to any of the preceding claims.