HRP921271A2

HRP921271A2 - Drum screen

Info

Publication number: HRP921271A2
Application number: HR921271A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Gerhard Keuchel
Original assignee: Linnhoff Maschinenbau
Priority date: 1988-01-19
Filing date: 1992-11-16
Publication date: 1995-08-31

Description

Izum se odnosi na rešetkasti bubanj prema uvodnom dijelu zahtjeva 1. The invention relates to a grating drum according to the introductory part of claim 1.

Takvi rešetkasti bubnjevi se npr. primjenjuju, u pripremi materijala gornjih slojeva putova, uz upotrebu bitumena odnosno asfalta i drobljenog agregata različitih veličina čestica. Drobljeni agregat grubih veličina čestica se koristi za izvođenje osnovne konstrukcije, a drobljeni agregat manjih veličina čestica za djelomično punjenje šupljina osnovne konstrukcije, dok bitumen koji prodire u preostale šupljine, služi za vezivanje ostalih sastavnih dijelova obloge. Pri tome može se koristiti poznata vrsta rešetkastog bubnja, da bi se pojedine sastavne dijelove dovelo u ispravan odnos komponenata smjese i pripremilo povoljno temperiranje u zagrijavanom bubnju za miješanja, kada treba pojedine komponente gornjeg sloja puta istovremeno nanositi na donji stroj puta. Such lattice drums are used, for example, in the preparation of materials for the upper layers of roads, with the use of bitumen or asphalt and crushed aggregate of different particle sizes. Crushed aggregate of coarse particle sizes is used to perform the basic structure, and crushed aggregate of smaller particle sizes to partially fill the cavities of the basic structure, while the bitumen that penetrates into the remaining cavities is used to bind the other component parts of the lining. In this case, a known type of lattice drum can be used, in order to bring the individual components into the correct ratio of the components of the mixture and to prepare favorable tempering in the heated mixing drum, when individual components of the upper layer of the road must be simultaneously applied to the lower road machine.

Zadatak izuma je da se poznati uređaj konstruira tako, što se pojedini dijelovi prstenastog rešeta mogu povezati na povoljniji način s bubnjem. Pod "što je moguće više povoljan način" osobito se podrazumijeva da se dijelovi prstenastog rešeta mogu što je moguće brže i uz minimum troškova alata, montirati i demontirati, i da su montirana prstenasta rešeta u montiranom stanju pouzdano povezane s bubnjem. The task of the invention is to construct the known device in such a way that individual parts of the ring sieve can be connected to the drum in a more favorable way. By "the most advantageous way possible" it is particularly understood that the parts of the ring grate can be assembled and disassembled as quickly as possible and with the minimum tool costs, and that the assembled ring grate is reliably connected to the drum in the assembled state.

Za rješenje toga zadatka služe izuzetne odlike patentnog zahtjeva 1, dok su odlike koje na koristan način oblikuju ove rješenje, predmeti podzahtjeva. The exceptional features of patent claim 1 serve to solve this task, while the features that usefully shape this solution are the subjects of subclaims.

U daljnjem oblikovanju izuma treba dodatno poboljšati pripremu materijala smjese, a za rješenje ovog dijela zadataka služi to, što cijeli bubanj uključujući rešeta treba smjestiti s uzdužnom osi koja je nagnuta prema horizontali. In the further development of the invention, the preparation of the mixture material should be further improved, and the solution to this part of the task is that the entire drum, including the sieve, should be placed with the longitudinal axis inclined to the horizontal.

Dalje je izum objašnjen detaljnije, pri čemu se uzima u obzir priloženi nacrt, na kojem obilježavaju Next, the invention is explained in more detail, taking into account the attached drawing, on which they mark

Sl. 1 u shematskom prikazu bubanj za miješanje u bočnom izgledu, u koji se kod pripreme materijala za gornji sloj puta ovom dovodi stari asfalt, što međutim nije neizbježno za izum, Sl. 1 in the schematic representation of the drum for mixing in a side view, into which old asphalt is fed during the preparation of the material for the upper layer of the road, which is however not inevitable for the invention,

Sl. 2 isječak iz sl. 1 sa mnogo detalja Sl. 2 clip from Fig. 1 with many details

Sl. 3 presjek po liniji III-III na sl. 4 Sl. 3 section along line III-III in Fig. 4

Sl. 4 izgled u smjeru strelice C na sl. 3. Sl. 4 view in the direction of arrow C in Fig. 3.

U nepokretnom kućištu 1 je bubanj 2 s uzdužnom osi 3, uležišten obrtljivo oko te uzdužne osi. U bubanj 2 je od bubanjskog kraja, lijevog u prikazu, izbočen plamenik 4, čija se uzdužna os plamena podudara s uzdužnom osi 3 bubnja. Plamenik može u principu biti proizvoljne vrste za pogon na plinsko ili tekuće gorivo. Pogon bubnja 2 proizlazi od neprikazanog motora preko prenosnika koji uključuje radni prsten 5 koji obuhvaća bubanj i s ovim je čvrsto spojen. Na donjem kraju su na kućištu 1 smješteni u uzdužnom smjeru bubnja jedan za drugim više takozvanih vrućih silosa 6. Ovi vrući silosi su ljevkasti rezervoari, koji su obilno izolirani od temperaturnog zračenja i koji, iz bubnja 1 izlazeći agregat različite veličine čestica pomiješan s bitumenom odnosno asfaltom, primaju i predaju na transportnu traku za daljnju preradu. In the stationary housing 1, there is a drum 2 with a longitudinal axis 3, mounted rotatably around this longitudinal axis. In the drum 2, a burner 4 protrudes from the drum end, left in the view, whose longitudinal axis of the flame coincides with the longitudinal axis 3 of the drum. In principle, the burner can be of any type for gas or liquid fuel. The drive of the drum 2 derives from a motor not shown via a transmission which includes an operating ring 5 which encompasses the drum and is firmly connected to it. At the lower end of the housing 1, several so-called hot silos 6 are placed one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the drum. These hot silos are funnel-shaped reservoirs, which are abundantly insulated from thermal radiation and which, coming out of the drum 1, aggregate of different particle sizes mixed with bitumen or with asphalt, receive and hand over to the conveyor belt for further processing.

Da bi se moglo poduzeti klasiranje materijala, smješteni su na bubnju 2 u uzdužnom smjeru bubnja jedan za drugim cilindrična rešeta 7 na taj način, što između omotača bubnja 2 i cilindričnih rešeta 7 postoji prstenasti prostor 8. Cilindrična rešeta imaju različite veličine otvora rešeta, pri čemu se cilindrično sito 7a s najvećom veličinom otvora rešeta nalazi na nacrtu na desnom kraju bubnja, a cilindrično rešeto 7d s najmanjom veličinom otvora rešeta na lijevom kraju. Prstenasti prostor 8 je preko otvora 9 spojen s unutrašnjim prostorom bubnja 2, a koji su na nacrtu na lijevom kraju bubnja raspoređeni ravnomjerno po opsegu bubnja. In order to be able to classify the material, cylindrical sieves 7 are placed on the drum 2 in the longitudinal direction of the drum one after the other in such a way that there is an annular space 8 between the casing of the drum 2 and the cylindrical sieves 7. The cylindrical sieves have different sizes of sieve openings, at which is why the cylindrical sieve 7a with the largest size of the sieve opening is located on the drawing at the right end of the drum, and the cylindrical sieve 7d with the smallest size of the sieve opening is at the left end. The annular space 8 is connected to the inner space of the drum 2 through openings 9, which are distributed evenly around the circumference of the drum on the left end of the drawing.

Kod pogona postrojenja dovodi se pak u bubanj 2 različiti materijal na oba kraja bubnja, preko po jednog uređaja 10 i 11 za punjenje. Preko uređaja 10 za punjenje na desnom kraju bubnja suprotno od plamenika 4, dovodi se u bubanj novi materijal u hladnom stanju, dakle povoljno drobljeni agregat različite veličine čestica, i taj se materijal pomiče suprotno plamenu plamenika 4 i pri tome se zagrijava na željenu temperaturu. Preko uređaja 11 za punjenje na kraju bubnja plamenika 4 dovodi se stari asfalt u bubanj. Mješavina starog asfalta i drobljenog agregata dolazi kroz otvore 9 u prstenasti prostor 8 i od tamo, klasiran prema odnosnoj veličini drobljenog agregata, u vruće silose 6 i može se iz ovih uzimati za daljnju preradu. During plant operation, different material is fed into the drum 2 at both ends of the drum, via one device 10 and 11 each for filling. Through the filling device 10 at the right end of the drum opposite to the burner 4, new material is fed into the drum in a cold state, i.e. conveniently crushed aggregate of different particle sizes, and this material moves against the flame of the burner 4 and is heated to the desired temperature. Through the filling device 11 at the end of the drum of the burner 4, the old asphalt is fed into the drum. The mixture of old asphalt and crushed aggregate comes through the openings 9 into the annular space 8 and from there, classified according to the respective size of the crushed aggregate, into the hot silos 6 and can be taken from these for further processing.

Uklanjanje prašine i vlage vrši se dimnjakom 19 za otpadne plinove na kraju bubnja uređaja za punjenje. The removal of dust and moisture is done by the chimney 19 for waste gases at the end of the drum of the filling device.

Učvršćenje srednjih cilindričnih rešeta 7 na bubnju 2 vrši se prema izumu tako kao što je prikazano na sl. 2-4. Fixation of the middle cylindrical grates 7 on the drum 2 is done according to the invention as shown in Fig. 2-4.

Parovi 22, 23 distancionih elemenata su smješteni u područjima na obje strane površine 21, koje uglavnom određuju širinu procjepa između bubnja 2 i cilindričnih rešeta 7. Parovi 22, 23 distancionih elemenata su ravnomjerno raspoređeni po opsegu bubnja 2, uz zadržavanje velikih razmaka. Svaki distancioni element 22 odnosno 23 je šipkasti profil, koji se pruža u uzdužnom pravcu bubnja i ima poprečni presjek u vidu slova U, pri čemu se distancioni elementi svakog para distancionih elemenata, uz zadržavanje relativno malog razmaka, sa svojim zadnjim stranama 24 okrenuti međusobno suprotno, smješteni jedan za drugim po opsegu bubnja i sa svojim radijalno unutrašnjim obodima 25 pričvršćeni na bubnju 2. Dužina svakog distancionog elementa (šipkastog profila) 22 odnosno 23 odgovara približno dužini cilindričnog rešeta 7. Između "jednog" distancionog elementa 22 jednog para distancionih elemenata i "drugog" distancionog elementa 23 najbližeg para distancionih elemenata u smjeru opsega bubnja 2, smješten je oslonac 26 za rešeto, pri čemu se radi o šipkastom profilu, ravnog i pravokutnog poprečnog presjeka, koji se pruža u smjeru opsega bubnja, čiju konturu prati i na jednom kraju je čvrsto spojen, prvenstveno zavaren s "jednim", a na drugom kraju sa "drugim" od distancionih elemenata, gore navedenih, smještenih u parovima i s poprečnim presjekom u vidu slova U. Na gornju stranu ovih površina, u poprečnom presjeku pravokutnih oslonaca za rešeto i na vanjske obode 25d distancionih elemenata 22, 23 naliježu cilindrična rešeta. U tom položaju su cilindrična rešeta na svakom svom kraju učvršćena steznom vrpcom 27. Svaka stezna vrpca je jedna čelična vrpca, koja se pruža u smjeru opsega bubnja 2 i čija je dužina podesiva preko jedne zatege između svoja oba kraja na taj način, što je odnosni kraj cilindričnog rešeta učvršćen bez zazora između pripadne stezne vrpce i pripadnog oslonca za rešeto. Držači 28 u vidu kutnika su u početnom stanju raspoređeni ravnomjerno po dužini svake stezne vrpce. Horizontalni krak 28a odnosnog držača je sa steznom vrpcom 27 spojen čvrsto, npr. zavaren. Drugi krak 28b je kao prirubnički odsječak izbočen radijalno prema van i nakon postavljanja i pritezanja stezne trake 27 može se smatrati funkcijski kao element prstenastih rešeta. The pairs 22, 23 of distance elements are located in the areas on both sides of the surface 21, which mainly determine the width of the gap between the drum 2 and the cylindrical grates 7. The pairs 22, 23 of the distance elements are evenly distributed around the circumference of the drum 2, while maintaining large distances. Each distance element 22 or 23 is a rod profile, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the drum and has a cross-section in the form of the letter U, whereby the distance elements of each pair of distance elements, while maintaining a relatively small distance, with their rear sides 24 turn opposite to each other , located one behind the other around the circumference of the drum and with their radially inner rims 25 attached to the drum 2. The length of each distance element (rod profile) 22 or 23 corresponds approximately to the length of the cylindrical grate 7. Between "one" distance element 22 one pair of distance elements and of the "second" distance element 23 of the closest pair of distance elements in the direction of the circumference of the drum 2, there is a support 26 for the grate, which is a rod profile, with a flat and rectangular cross-section, which extends in the direction of the circumference of the drum, whose contour it follows on at one end it is firmly connected, primarily welded to "one", and at the other end to "the other" of the distance el elements, mentioned above, located in pairs and with a cross-section in the form of the letter U. On the upper side of these surfaces, in the cross-section of the rectangular supports for the grate and on the outer rims 25d of the distance elements 22, 23, a cylindrical grate rests. In this position, the cylindrical grates are secured at each end by a clamping band 27. Each clamping band is a single steel band, which extends in the direction of the circumference of the drum 2 and whose length is adjustable via a single tension between its two ends in such a way, that the respective the end of the cylindrical grate is fixed without a gap between the corresponding clamping band and the corresponding support for the grate. Holders 28 in the form of angle brackets are in the initial state distributed evenly along the length of each clamping band. The horizontal arm 28a of the respective holder is firmly connected to the clamping band 27, for example welded. The second leg 28b is like a flanged section protruding radially outwards and after placing and tightening the clamping band 27 can be considered functionally as an element of ring grates.

Između po dva oslonca 26 za rešeto, koji su smješteni simetrično prema ravnini 21, učvršćen je šipkasti profil 29, koji ima isto tako poprečni presjek u obliku slova U i pruža se u smjeru bubnja 2. Ovaj šipkasti profil 29 je na obje svoje strane čvrsto spojen s osloncima za rešeto, prvenstveno zavaren s njima. Between two grate supports 26, which are placed symmetrically to the plane 21, a rod profile 29 is fixed, which also has a U-shaped cross-section and extends in the direction of the drum 2. This rod profile 29 is fixed on both sides connected to the grate supports, primarily welded to them.

Za ugradnju cilindričnih rešeta su s bubnjem 2 zavareni distancioni elementi 22, 23, a s njima su zavareni oslonci 26. Na taj način pripremljen bubanj 2 je na obje strane šipkastog profila 29 odnosno između dvaju šipkastih profila 29 smještenih jedan za drugim u uzdužnom pravcu bubnja, umetnuto jedno od cilindričnih rešeta. Zatim se stezna traka 27 s držačima 28 navuče i pritegne na svakom kraju odnosnog rešeta. Iza toga radijalno prema van izbočeni kraci držača 28 naliježu što je moguće više bez zazora na strane šipkastih profila 29. Materijal držača 28 omogućuje, da se krajevi radijalno prema van izbočenih krakova 28a (sl. 3 lijevo), a koji su radijalno izbočeni iznad oboda šipkastog profila 29, saviju oko gornjih krajeva oboda šipkastih profila 29 (sl. 3 desno) i time učvrste stezne trake a time i rešeta, sigurno prema bubnju 2. For the installation of cylindrical grates, distance elements 22, 23 are welded to the drum 2, and supports 26 are welded to them. The drum 2 prepared in this way is on both sides of the rod profile 29, that is, between two rod profiles 29 located one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the drum. one of the cylindrical grates inserted. Then the clamping band 27 with the holders 28 is pulled on and tightened at each end of the respective grid. Behind that, the radially outwardly protruding arms of the holder 28 rest as much as possible without gaps on the sides of the bar profiles 29. The material of the holder 28 enables the ends of the radially outwardly protruding arms 28a (fig. 3 left), which are radially protruding above the rim of the rod profile 29, bend around the upper ends of the rim of the rod profiles 29 (fig. 3 on the right) and thus secure the clamping strips and thus the grate, securely towards the drum 2.

Kod opisane konstrukcije prema izumu je omogućena na jednostavan način ugradnja i demontaža kao i izmjena rešeta, i pored toga sigurno lokaliziranje rešeta bez posebnih pomoćnih sredstava. With the described construction according to the invention, it is possible to install and dismantle as well as to change the grate in a simple way, and in addition, to safely localize the grate without special auxiliary means.

Za poboljšanje pogona takve vrste montiranog rešetkastog bubnja služe i još dvije daljnje forme s kojima je poboljšan izum. To improve the operation of this type of mounted lattice drum, two further forms with which the invention has been improved are used.

Uz jednu je rešetkasti bubanj u cijelosti postavljen prema horizontali 30 na taj način koso, što je između nje i uzdužne osi 3 bubnja postoji kut od približno 4° tako da kraj za pražnjenje leži više nego kraj za punjenje s uređajem 10 za punjenje. Ova mjera potpomaže potpuno miješanje, s time što se povećava trajanje zadržavanja materijala u bubnju i što materijal dobiva radijalnu komponentu kretanja. With one, the grate drum is placed entirely towards the horizontal 30 in such an oblique way that between it and the longitudinal axis 3 of the drum there is an angle of approximately 4° so that the discharge end lies higher than the filling end with the filling device 10. This measure promotes complete mixing, increasing the retention time of the material in the drum and giving the material a radial component of movement.

Uz drugu je u prstenastom prostoru između bubnja i rešeta odnosno dionice rešeta, smještenih jedna za drugom i različitih veličina otvora rešeta, smješten višehodni puž 31. Svaki od ispušnih otvora 9 je povezan s jednim žlijebom između po dva hoda puža. To znači, odnosno ima za posljedicu usporedivu umjerenost transporta materijala u prstenasti prostor, što potpomaže klasiranje i pražnjenje klasiranog materijala u vruće silose 6. Prvenstveno su predviđena četiri ispušna otvora 9 i četiri puža 31. Next to the other, in the annular space between the drum and the sieve, that is, the sections of the sieve, located one behind the other and with different sizes of the sieve openings, a multi-pass auger 31 is located. Each of the exhaust openings 9 is connected to one groove between two turns of the auger. This means, that is, it results in a comparable moderation of material transport into the annular space, which supports the classification and discharge of classified material into hot silos 6. Primarily, four exhaust openings 9 and four augers 31 are provided.

Na krajevima bubnja se koristi ili na opisan način samo jedan obod šipkastog profila 29 poprečnog presjeka u vidu slova U, ili umjesto rasporeda prikazanog na sl. 3 dolazi samo polovica desno ili lijevo od površine 21, već prema tome, da li se radi o lijevom ili desnom kraju bubnja na sl. 1. At the ends of the drum, either only one rim of the rod profile 29 with a cross-section in the form of the letter U is used in the described manner, or instead of the arrangement shown in Fig. 3, only half comes to the right or to the left of the surface 21, depending on whether it is the left or the right end of the drum in Fig. 1.

Claims

1. Lattice drum for conditioning and grading granular material, with one feeding device at one end of the drum rotatable about its horizontal longitudinal axis and with one discharge device for the conditioned material at the other end of the drum, the discharge device being in connection with the annular space , which is formed between the drum and the parts of the ring sieves, which are placed one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the drum and concentrically encompass the drum, whereby the sizes of the sieve openings of the parts of the ring sieves are alternated in such a way that the section with the smallest size of the sieve openings is the closest to the device for discharging, and the part with the largest size of the sieve opening furthest from the discharge device, primarily the part of the ring sieves located in the area of the filling device, indicated by the fact that a gap is left between two parts (7a, 7b) of the ring sieves one after the other which concentrically encompasses the drum (2), where the grooved rod profile is located (29) with the open side towards the outside, on the outer sides of which is placed one holder (28) of parts of ring grates, with one flanged radially protruding part (28b), which, after the installation of the respective ring grate, protrudes first in the lying state above the profile, and then with the part protruding above the profile, it would be bent around one edge of the profile and laid on the connecting inner side of the rod profile, so that part of the ring grates hook over the profile.

2. The grating drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the part (7a, 7b) of the ring gratings on both sides of the grooved bar profile (29) rests on the support (26) for the grating, which includes the drum (2) and lies in the same circumferential surface as a bar-shaped rib.

3. Grid drum according to claim 1, characterized in that each part (7a, 7b) of the ring grids is fixed on its grid support (26) with a closed clamping band (27).

4. Lattice drum according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hook holders (28) are fixed on the clamping band (27) and engage the rod profile (29).

5. Lattice drum according to one of claims 2 to 4, indicated by the fact that the supports (26) for the grate on both sides of the respective rod profile (29) are firmly connected to the rod profile and with the interface of the distance elements (22, 23) rest on the wall drum.

6. Lattice drum, according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the distance elements (22, 23) are grooved bar profiles in cross-section, which are fixed on the drum (2) by the inner rim (25) and are located in the slots between the supports (26) ) for the sieve.

7. Grid drum according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the annular space between the drum (2) and the ring grids (7) a multi-pass transport screw (31) is placed, which is firmly connected to the drum.

8. Lattice drum according to claim 7, characterized in that the drum for one stroke of the transport screw has one exhaust opening (9).

9. Lattice drum according to claims 7 and 8, characterized by four exhaust openings (9) and four worm courses.

10. Lattice drum according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the longitudinal axis (3) of the drum is slightly inclined in relation to the horizontal surface (30) in which the longitudinal axis of the drum is located at one end of the drum.

11. Lattice drum according to claim 10, characterized in that the angle of inclination is in the range of approximately 10°.

12. Lattice drum according to claim 10 or 11, indicated by the fact that the center of the angle ( ) of the inclination is located in the area of the drum filling side (2).