HRP920235A2

HRP920235A2 - Adjustable multi-level hospital bed for bed-ridden persons

Info

Publication number: HRP920235A2
Application number: HR920235A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Nikola Milinovi
Original assignee: Tpk Pan Specijalni Strojevi I
Priority date: 1991-07-30
Filing date: 1992-07-23
Publication date: 1995-12-31

Description

Oblast tehnike The field of technology

Izum spada u oblast kliničke opreme općenito, a naročito u oblast bolničkih kreveta za njegu nepokretnih osoba i to u područje okvirne noseće konstrukcije koja omogućava podešavanje kreveta u više različitih položaja. The invention belongs to the field of clinical equipment in general, and in particular to the field of hospital beds for the care of immobile persons, and to the field of a framework supporting structure that enables the bed to be adjusted in several different positions.

Presa Međunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata izum je svrstan i označen klasifikacionim simbolom A61G 7/00 kojim su definirane postelje sa specijalnom opremom za njegu bolesnika. Kako se ovdje radi o okvirnoj konstrukciji sekundarni klasifikacioni simbol predmetnog izuma je A47C 19/00 kojim su definirani okviri ili postolja kreveta. Press In the International Classification of Patents, the invention is classified and marked with the classification symbol A61G 7/00, which defines beds with special equipment for patient care. As this is a frame construction, the secondary classification symbol of the subject invention is A47C 19/00, which defines bed frames or bases.

Tehnički problem Technical problem

Tehnički problem koji se rješava ovim izumom sastoji se u slijedećem; kako konstrukcijski izvesti mehanizam postolja kreveta kojim će osnovnu plohu na kojoj su madraci biti moguće iz horizontalnog položaja trostruko prelamati u smjeru "gore-dolje". naginjati u uzdužnom i poprečnom smjeru, prelamati po polovici uzdužno na jednu ili drugu stranu, zakretati oko vertikalne osi kao i po visini podešavati, sa ciljem da se ploha sa madracima postavi u najpovoljniji položaj koji odgovara nepokretnoj ili bolesnoj osobi, pri čeku će svim funkcionalnim elementima i mehaničkim sklopovima za podešavanje navedenih položaja biti omogućeno pomoću programabilnog procesorskog uređaja. Definirani tehnički problem riješen je predloženom konstrukcijom prema ovom izumu. The technical problem solved by this invention consists in the following; how to design the mechanism of the bed base, which will make it possible to triple fold the base surface on which the mattresses are placed from a horizontal position in the "up-down" direction. tilt in the longitudinal and transverse direction, fold in half lengthwise to one side or the other, rotate around the vertical axis as well as adjust the height, with the aim of placing the surface with the mattresses in the most favorable position suitable for an immobile or sick person, during the check, all functional elements and mechanical assemblies for adjusting the specified positions to be enabled by means of a programmable processor device. The defined technical problem is solved by the proposed construction according to this invention.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

Kreveti kakvi se koriste na klinikama, naročito na odjelima za intenzivnu njegu bolesnika, čvrste su okvire konstrukcije. Metalne ili drvene ploče kao podloge madraca sastavljene su iz tri dijela pri čemu je središnja ploča učvršćena na okviru, a ostale dvije ploče pantima su povezane s "prednje" odnosno "stražnje" strane središnje ploče. Okvir sa pločama kod nekih konstrukcijskih rješenja postavljen je na četiri nogara. U drugom slučaju okvir sa pločama uležišten je na križnom podiznom postolju spregnutim sa jednim vijkom položenim ispod okvira po sredini u uzdužnom horizontalnom pravcu. Pored toga prema dolje ispruženi krakovi kružnog postolja ili imaju kotačiće ili su kotrljajućim ležajevima oslonjeni u žljebovima podnožnog okvira kojim je krevet postavljen na podu. Također kod nekih rješenja podnožni okvir je opremljen kotačima. Beds such as those used in clinics, especially in intensive care units, are solid frames of construction. Metal or wooden panels as mattress bases are composed of three parts, with the central panel fixed on the frame, and the other two panels hinged to the "front" or "back" side of the central panel. The frame with panels in some structural solutions is placed on four legs. In the second case, the frame with panels is placed on a cross lifting stand coupled with one screw placed under the frame in the middle in the longitudinal horizontal direction. In addition, the arms of the circular base extending downwards either have wheels or are supported by rolling bearings in the grooves of the base frame by which the bed is placed on the floor. In some solutions, the base frame is also equipped with wheels.

Kod ovakve konstrukcije moguće je "prednju" odnosno "stražnju" ploču uležištenu na pantima zakrenuti prema gore čim se krevet dovodi uzdužnim presjekom u oblik istegnutog slova "V". Ako je okvir sa pločama koje nose madrace uležišten na križnom postolju moguće ga me, zakretanjem određenog vijka, podizati ili spuštati te ako je ovakav krevet opremljen kotačićima nepokretna osoba prevozi se do drugog ležaja na kojeg se premješta ručnim prekretanjem tako da se nivo pokretnog ležaja približno poravna sa nivoom drugog ležaja. Za svako ovakvo podešavanje položaja kreveta kao i premještanje nepokretne osobe mora se uložiti znatan fizički napor bolničkog osoblja. Pored toga krevet ovako ograničenih mogućnosti nije moguće dovesti u položaj koji bi nepokretnoj osobi omogućio udobniji položaj. Isto tako kod spuštanja "prednje" ili "stražnje" ploče bolničko osoblje mora naročitu pažnju obratiti na položaj ruku i nogu bolesne osobe da se ne ukliješti između nepokretnog okvira i pokretne ploče. Kako ploča ne kojoj su položene noge nepokretne osobe nema mehanizam za zakretanje prema "dolje" kao ni dodatnog prekretnog oslonca za stopala krevet ovakve konstrukcije nije mogući podesiti u položaj stolice za sjedeći položaj nepokretne osobe. With this type of construction, it is possible to rotate the "front" or "back" panel mounted on the hinges upwards as soon as the bed is brought into the shape of a stretched letter "V" in the longitudinal section. If the frame with the panels that support the mattresses is placed on a cross base, it can be raised or lowered by turning a certain screw, and if this type of bed is equipped with castors, the immobile person is transported to the second bed, to which he can be moved manually, so that the level of the movable bed is approx. aligned with the level of the second bearing. For each such adjustment of the position of the bed as well as for moving an immobile person, considerable physical effort must be made by the hospital staff. In addition, it is not possible to bring a bed with such limited possibilities into a position that would provide a more comfortable position for an immobile person. Likewise, when lowering the "front" or "back" panel, the hospital staff must pay particular attention to the position of the sick person's arms and legs so as not to get caught between the stationary frame and the moving panel. Since the board on which the legs of an immobile person are placed does not have a mechanism for turning "down" or an additional turning support for the feet, the bed of this construction cannot be adjusted to the position of a chair for the sitting position of an immobile person.

Gore navedeno su osnovni nedostaci poznatih konstrukcijskih rješenja i cilj rješenja prema ovom izumi sastoji se u tome da se konstruira takav krevet kojim će pored već zastupljenih položaja biti moguće postaviti osnovne ploče nosače madraca i u druge razne položaje uključivo i u položaj za sjedenje pri čemu će krevet biti pogonjeno pokretan, siguran za rukovanje, a fizički rad medicinskog osoblja vrlo olakšan i pojednostavljen. The above are the basic shortcomings of known construction solutions, and the goal of the solution according to this invention is to construct such a bed which, in addition to the already represented positions, will be able to place the base plates of the mattress supports in other various positions, including the sitting position, whereby the bed will be driven, safe to handle, and the physical work of the medical staff very easy and simplified.

Opis rješenja tehničkog problema Description of the solution to the technical problem

Konstrukcijskim rješenjem kliničkog kreveta prema ovom izumu predviđeno je postolje od cijevnih pravokutnih profila opremljeno sa dva slobodna kotačića i dva pogonjena kotačića. Približno na sredini postolja donjim dijelom zakretno oko vertikalne osi uležišten je glavni noseći hidraulički cilindar sa kuglastim završetkom na vrhu klipnjače. Na dva konzolna oslonca učvršćena na gornjem dijelu klipnjače glavnog cilindra oslonjeni su pomoćni cilindri koji na vrhovima klipnjača imaju također kuglaste završetke. Na kuglastim završecima triju spomenutih klipnjača zglobno je uležišten središnji pravokutni okvir izveden od cijevnih pravokutnih profila. S "prednje" i "stražnje" strane središnjeg okvira na za to izvedenim pantima uležišteni su druga dva pravokutna okvira krilno zakretna u smjeru "gore"-"dolje", pri čemu su bočne stranice u uzdužnom smjeru kreveta ova dva okvira izvedena od "U" profila okrenutih žlijebom na unutarnju stranu. Polužni podizači, koji na obostranim izdancima imaju kotačiće na kojima su žljebovima uzdužnih "U" profila oslonjeni "prednji" i "stražnji" okvir, pregibno su uležišteni s donje strane središnjeg okvira i spregnuti svaki sa po jednim hidrauličkim cilindrom. Pored spomenutog, unutar svakog od tri okvira postavljena su u uzdužnom smjeru po dva limena krila učvršćena na zakretnim nosačima oblika "češlja", uzdužni profili zakretnih nosača krajevima su uležišteni na središnjim dijelovima poprečnih profila i poteznim hidrauličkim cilindrima spregnuti za uzdužne profile sva tri okvira. Uz krajnji poprečni profil kraćeg krilno zakretnog okvira zakretno prema gore na pantima uležišten je podnožni okvir preko kojeg je učvršćena metalna ploča. Podnožni okvir s donje strane je spregnut sa potisni« hidrauličkim cilindrom koji je s druge strane uzglobljen na nosaču izvedenog iz krajnjeg poprečnog profila kraćeg krilno zakretnog okvira. Preko metalnih ploči postavljeni su i labavo učvršćeni madraci. Na donjem postolju postavljeni su odgovarajući hidraulički agregat akumulatorski izvor struje sa ispravljačem i priključkom na mrežni napon te procesorski sklop za upravljanje a koji nisu predmet ovog izuma. The construction solution of the clinical bed according to this invention provides a base made of tubular rectangular profiles equipped with two free castors and two driven castors. Approximately in the middle of the base, the lower part pivots around the vertical axis and the main supporting hydraulic cylinder with a ball end on the top of the piston rod is mounted. Auxiliary cylinders are supported on two cantilever supports fixed on the upper part of the connecting rod of the main cylinder, which also have spherical ends on the tops of the connecting rods. A central rectangular frame made of tubular rectangular profiles is hinged on the spherical ends of the three aforementioned piston rods. On the "front" and "back" sides of the central frame, on the hinges designed for this purpose, two other rectangular frames are mounted, hinged in the "up"-"down" direction, while the side sides in the longitudinal direction of the bed are these two frames made of "U " profiles turned with a groove on the inside. Lever lifters, which on both sides have wheels on which the "front" and "rear" frames are supported by grooves of longitudinal "U" profiles, are hingedly placed on the underside of the central frame and each is coupled to one hydraulic cylinder. In addition to the above, inside each of the three frames, two metal wings are placed in the longitudinal direction, fixed on the "comb"-shaped pivoting supports, the longitudinal profiles of the pivoting supports are fitted with their ends on the central parts of the transverse profiles and are coupled to the longitudinal profiles of all three frames by hydraulic cylinders. Next to the end transverse profile of the shorter hinged hinged frame, pivoting upwards on the hinges, the footing frame, over which the metal plate is fixed, is inserted. The base frame on the bottom side is coupled with a push hydraulic cylinder which, on the other hand, is articulated on a support derived from the end cross profile of the shorter wing-swinging frame. Loosely fixed mattresses are placed over the metal plates. On the lower pedestal are placed a suitable hydraulic aggregate, a battery power source with a rectifier and connection to the mains voltage, and a control processor circuit, which are not the subject of this invention.

Opisanim konstrukcijskim rješenjem omogućeno je da se izvlačenjem -uvlačenjem jednog ili više hidrauličkih cilindara krevet postavlja u različite položaje. Glavnim nosećim cilindrom okviri s madracima, bez obzira na njihov međusobni položaj se podižu ili spuštaju to jest podešava se nivo kreveta. Cijeli krevet, kada su svi okviri u istoj horizontalnoj ravnini, moguće je djelovanjem pomoćnih cilindara nagnuti na bilo koju stranu, pri čemu se dodatno podešavanje položaja obavlja naginjanje« jednog ili oba okvira vezana na glavni okvir. Kada su svi okviri u istoj ravnini bez obzira na položaj nagnutom krevet je moguće uzdužno prelomiti istovremenim podizanjem lijevih ili desnih krila ili lijevih i desnih krila istovremeno. Spuštanjem kraćeg okvirnog krila prema dolje i podizanjem dužeg okvirnog krila prema gore pri čemu podnožni okvir zadržava približnu paralelnost sa glavnim okvirom krevet se pretvara u stolicu za sjedeći položaj. Krevet je moguće zakrenuti oko vertikalne osi glavnog hidrauličkog cilindra na jednu ili drugu stranu. Cijeli krevet je samohodan pri čemu se upravljanje vožnjom obavlja pogonskim kotačićima. Pored opisanih položaja okvira kod ovog kreveta su mogući i drugi položaji kao kombinacija gore navedenih što znatno olakšava rad medicinskom osoblju, a nepokretne osobe moguće je postaviti u za njih najpovoljniji položaj. To bi bile osnovne prednosti kliničkog kreveta prema ovom izumu. The described construction solution enables the bed to be placed in different positions by pulling out and retracting one or more hydraulic cylinders. The main bearing cylinder raises or lowers the frames with the mattresses, regardless of their mutual position, that is, the level of the bed is adjusted. The entire bed, when all the frames are in the same horizontal plane, can be tilted to any side by the action of the auxiliary cylinders, whereby the additional adjustment of the position is done by tilting one or both frames attached to the main frame. When all the frames are in the same plane, regardless of the tilted position, the bed can be folded longitudinally by simultaneously lifting the left or right wings or the left and right wings at the same time. By lowering the shorter frame wing down and raising the longer frame wing up, with the foot frame maintaining approximate parallelism with the main frame, the bed turns into a sitting chair. It is possible to rotate the bed around the vertical axis of the main hydraulic cylinder to one side or the other. The entire bed is self-propelled, where the drive is controlled by drive wheels. In addition to the described positions of the frame of this bed, other positions are possible as a combination of the above, which makes the work of the medical staff much easier, and immobile people can be placed in the most favorable position for them. These would be the basic advantages of the clinical bed according to the present invention.

Konstrukcija kliničkog kreveta detaljnije je objašnjena primjerom načina njegove izvedbe prikazanoj na priloženim crtežima gdje: The construction of the clinical bed is explained in more detail with an example of its implementation shown in the attached drawings where:

slika 1 prikazuje okvirnu konstrukciju kreveta u tlocrtu Figure 1 shows the frame construction of the bed in the floor plan

slika 2 prikazuje konstrukciju kreveta u pogledu sa isprekidanim linijama označenim nekim od mogućih položaja nastalih zakretanjem krila Figure 2 shows the construction of the bed in a view with broken lines marking some of the possible positions created by turning the wings

slika 3 prikazuje duže zakretno okvirno krilo u poprečnom presjeku "A-A" iz slike 1 Fig. 3 shows the longer swing frame wing in cross-section "A-A" of Fig. 1

slika 4 prikazuje konstrukciju kreveta u poprečnom presjeku "B-B" iz slike 1 Figure 4 shows the construction of the bed in cross-section "B-B" from Figure 1

slika 5 prikazuje dio kliničkog kreveta u horizontalno« presjeku "C-C" iz slike 2 kroz gornji dio klipnjače glavnog cilindra Fig. 5 shows a section of the clinical bed in horizontal section "C-C" from Fig. 2 through the upper part of the connecting rod of the master cylinder

slika 6 prikazuje tlocrtno okvirno postolje kreveta u presjeku "D-D" iz slike 2 kroz tijelo glavnog cilindra Fig. 6 shows a plan view of the frame bed frame in section "D-D" from Fig. 2 through the main cylinder body

slika 7 prikazuje horizontalno ispružene okvire kreveta prostorno izometrijski u pogledu donje strane sa odvojenim glavnim podiznim sklopom figure 7 shows the horizontally extended bed frames in spatial isometric view from the bottom side with the main lifting assembly separated

Postolje 1 kreveta sastoji se od dva uzdužna cijevna profila 2, 3 koji su međusobno povezani sa više poprečnih profila 4, 5, 6, 7. Na krajevima uzdužnih cijevnih profila 2, 3 učvršćeni su kotačići 8,9. Prednji kotačići 8 postavljeni su na kotrljajućim ležajevima tako da su zakretni oko vertikalne osi. Stražnji kotačići 9 opremljeni su pogonskim hidromotorima 9.1. The base 1 of the bed consists of two longitudinal tubular profiles 2, 3 which are interconnected with several transverse profiles 4, 5, 6, 7. Wheels 8, 9 are fixed at the ends of the longitudinal tubular profiles 2, 3. The front wheels 8 are mounted on rolling bearings so that they are pivoted around the vertical axis. Rear wheels 9 are equipped with drive hydraulic motors 9.1.

Približno na sredini postolja 1 preko poprečnih profila 4, 5 učvršćena je pravokutna metalna ploča 10 sa plošnim kružnim udubljenjem 10.1 na gornjoj plohi. U kružnom udubljenju 10.1 metalne ploče zakretno klizno uležišten je donji prirubni vijenac 12.1 stubline 12 glavnog nosećeg hidrauličkog cilindra 11. Četverostrano preko rubnih dijelova gornje plohe prirubnog vijenca 12.1 postavljeni su segmentni osigurači 15 koji su drugim dijelom pločastih tijela prislonjeni na gornju plohu metalne ploče 10 i za koju su vijčano učvršćeni. Approximately in the middle of the base 1, a rectangular metal plate 10 with a flat circular recess 10.1 on the upper surface is fixed over the transverse profiles 4, 5. In the circular depression 10.1 of the metal plate, the lower flange ring 12.1 of the stem 12 of the main supporting hydraulic cylinder 11 is pivotally inserted. Segmental fuses 15 are placed on the four sides over the edge parts of the upper surface of the flange ring 12.1, which are pressed against the upper surface of the metal plate 10 by the other part of the plate bodies. to which they are screwed.

Preko vanjske plaštene plohe donjeg dijela stubline 12 učvršćen je zupčanik 16 čije obodno ozubljenje spregnuto sa pružnim vijkom 17.1 pogonskog reduktorskog sklopa 17 pogonjenog hidromotorom 18. A gear 16 is fixed over the outer casing surface of the lower part of the stem 12, whose circumferential toothing is coupled to the strip screw 17.1 of the drive reduction assembly 17 driven by the hydraulic motor 18.

Na preostalom dijelu postolja 1 preko poprečnih profila 5, 6, 7 u prikazanom primjeru izvedbe, polja 19, 20, 21 označena na slici 7 isprekidanom linijom predviđena su za smještaj hidrauličkog pogonskog agregata, akumulatorskog izvora struje sa ispravljačem i priključkom na mrežu 220 V i elektronički upravljački sklop, a što (s obzirom da se radi o poznatim rješenjima) nije predmet ovog izuma. On the remaining part of the base 1 over the transverse profiles 5, 6, 7 in the shown example of the design, the fields 19, 20, 21 marked in Figure 7 with a broken line are intended for the placement of the hydraulic power unit, the battery power source with the rectifier and the connection to the 220 V network and electronic control circuit, which (given that these are known solutions) is not the subject of this invention.

Na vrhu klipnjače 13 glavnog nosećeg hidrauličkog cilindra 11 izveden je kuglasti završetak 14. Ispod kuglastog završetka 14 na klipnjači 13 učvršćena je prstenasta obujmica 22 iz čije su plaštene plohe u uzdužnom i poprečnom pravcu izvedena dva pravokutna izdanka 22.1, 22.2. Na bočnim stranicama izdanaka 22.1, 22.2 učvršćeni su konzolni nosači 23, 24 sastavljeni od para pločastih elemenata ispruženih u koso prema dolje. Pomoćni hidraulički cilindri 25, 26 donjim krajevima pripadajućih stublina 25.1, 26.1 zglobno su uležišteni na krajevima uparenih konzolnih nosača 23, 24. Na vrhovima klipnjača 25.2, 26.2 pomoćnih hidrauličkih cilindara 25, 26 učvršćeni su kuglasti završeci 27, 28 koji su nešto manjeg promjera od kuglastog završetka 14 klipnjače 13 glavnog nosećeg hidrauličkog cilindra 11. On the top of the connecting rod 13 of the main supporting hydraulic cylinder 11 is a spherical end 14. Below the spherical end 14 on the connecting rod 13 is fixed an annular clamp 22, from the outer surface of which two rectangular protrusions 22.1, 22.2 are formed in the longitudinal and transverse directions. On the sides of the outcrops 22.1, 22.2 are fixed cantilever supports 23, 24 composed of a pair of plate elements extending obliquely downwards. The auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 25, 26 are hinged at the lower ends of the associated stems 25.1, 26.1 at the ends of the paired cantilever supports 23, 24. On the tops of the connecting rods 25.2, 26.2 of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 25, 26, spherical ends 27, 28 are fixed, which are slightly smaller in diameter than of the ball end 14 of the connecting rod 13 of the main supporting hydraulic cylinder 11.

Konstrukcija ležaja 29 kliničkog kreveta sastoji se od glavnog okvira 30 i dva zakretna okvira. Glavni okvir 30, čine dva uzdužna cijevna profila 31, 32 međusobno povezana si poprečnim cijevnim profilima 33, 34. Svi cijevni profili 31, 32, 33, 34 glavnog okvira 30 su pravokutnog presjeka. S donje strane glavnog okvira 30 izvedene su četiri podvlake 35, 36, 37, 36 koje su također cijevni pravokutni profili. Podvlake 35, 36, 37, 38 su obostranim krajevima prislonjene i zavareno učvršćene za uzdužne profile 31, 32. U uzdužnoj osnoj sredini kreveta s donje strane između podvlaka 35, 36 učvršćena je metalna ploča 39. Druga ploča 40, učvršćena na isti način kao i ploča 39, smještena je na podvlakama 37, 38 dok se treća metalna ploča 41 nalazi sa "desne" strane učvršćen za podvlake 35, 36. Na metalnim pločama 39, 40, 41 vijčano su učvršćena kućišta 42, 43, 44 sa polukuglastim udubljenjima u kojima su zglobno uležišteni kuglasti završeci 14, 27, 28 klipnjača 13, 25.2, 26.2 glavnog nosećeg hidrauličnog cilindra 11 i dva pomoćna hidraulička cilindra 25, 26. Time je cijeli ležaj 29 postavljen na pokretnom postolju 1. The structure of the bed 29 of the clinical bed consists of the main frame 30 and two swivel frames. The main frame 30 consists of two longitudinal tubular profiles 31, 32 connected to each other by transverse tubular profiles 33, 34. All tubular profiles 31, 32, 33, 34 of the main frame 30 are rectangular in cross-section. From the lower side of the main frame 30, there are four supports 35, 36, 37, 36, which are also tubular rectangular profiles. The two ends of the supports 35, 36, 37, 38 are abutted and welded to the longitudinal profiles 31, 32. A metal plate 39 is fixed in the middle of the longitudinal axis of the bed on the lower side between the supports 35, 36. The second plate 40, fixed in the same way as and plate 39, is located on the supports 37, 38, while the third metal plate 41 is on the "right" side, fixed to the supports 35, 36. On the metal plates 39, 40, 41, the housings 42, 43, 44 with hemispherical recesses are screwed. in which the spherical ends 14, 27, 28 of the connecting rods 13, 25.2, 26.2 of the main supporting hydraulic cylinder 11 and two auxiliary hydraulic cylinders 25, 26 are hinged. This means that the entire bearing 29 is placed on the mobile stand 1.

S "prednje" strane glavnog okvira 30 uz njegov poprečni profil 33, zglobno na obostranim pantima 45, 46 međusobno povezana osovinom 47 paralelnom sa poprečnim profilom 33, krilno zakretno u smjeru "gore"-"dolje" priključen je "prednji" okvir 48. Na isti način zakretno u smjeru "gore"-"dolje" na pantima 53, 54 međusobno povezanim osovinom 55 priključen je "stražnji" ili "leđni" krilni okvir 56. Uzdužni profili 49, 50 prednjeg okvira 48 kao 1 uzdužni profili 57, 58, stražnjeg okvira 58 imaju presjek oblika slova "U" i žljebom su okrenuti na unutrašnju stranu. Poprečni profili 51, 52 krila 58 kao i poprečni profili 59, 60 su od cijevi pravokutnog presjeka, a mogu biti i od profila "U" presjeka. On the "front" side of the main frame 30 next to its transverse profile 33, hinged on both sides hinges 45, 46 interconnected by an axis 47 parallel to the transverse profile 33, the "front" frame 48 is attached to the wing pivoting in the "up"-"down" direction. In the same way, the "rear" or "back" wing frame 56 is connected to the hinges 53, 54 by means of an interconnected shaft 55, pivoting in the "up"-"down" direction. Longitudinal profiles 49, 50 of the front frame 48 as 1 longitudinal profiles 57, 58 , of the rear frame 58 have a cross-section in the shape of the letter "U" and are turned inwards with a groove. The transverse profiles 51, 52 of the wings 58 as well as the transverse profiles 59, 60 are made of a rectangular section pipe, and they can also be made of a "U" section profile.

Podnožni okvir 64 priključen je pantima 61, 62 međusobno povezanim osovinom 63 za prednji okvir 48 uz njegov poprečni profil 52. Podnožni okvir 64 je trostrane izvedbe sa jednim poprečnim profilom 67 koji je obostranim uzdužnim profilima 65, 66 povezan sa pantima 61, 62. The base frame 64 is connected to the hinges 61, 62 by an interconnected shaft 63 for the front frame 48 along its transverse profile 52. The base frame 64 is of three-sided design with one transverse profile 67 which is connected to the hinges 61, 62 by longitudinal profiles 65, 66 on both sides.

Unutar glavnog okvira 30 sa svake strane u odnosu na uzdužni osni pravac kreveta izvedena su dva pločasta prema gore zakretna krila 68, 69 a koja su podloge madraca kreveta. Krila 68, 69 donjim površinama učvršćena su za konzolne krakove 70.1, 71.1 zakretnih nosača 70, 71. Zakretni nosači 70, 71 izvedeni su od cijevnih pravokutnih profila koji su krajevima zakretno uležišteni (svaki s jedne strane uzdužnog osnog pravca) na poprečnim profilima 33, 34 glavnog okvira a njima pripadajući horizontalno prema uzdužnim krakovima 31, 32 ispruženi krakovi 70.1, 71.1 izvedeni su iz cijevnih pravokutnih profila zakretnih nosača 70, 71. S donje strane na cijevnu pravokutnim profilima zakretnih nosača 70, 71 uzglobljeni su krajevi klipnjača poteznih hidrauličkih cilindara 72, 73, a koji su s druge strane, također zglobno, povezani za uzdužne profile 31, 32 okvira 30. Na isti konstrukcijski način izvedena su pločasta zakretna krila 74, 75, 80, 81 unutar okvira 48, 56 sa pripadajućim nosačima 76, 77, 82, 83 i hidrauličkim poteznim cilindrima 78, 79, 84, 85. Inside the main frame 30, on each side in relation to the longitudinal axial direction of the bed, there are two plate-like, upwardly pivoting wings 68, 69, which are the bases of the bed's mattress. The lower surfaces of the wings 68, 69 are fixed to the cantilever arms 70.1, 71.1 of the pivoting supports 70, 71. The pivoting supports 70, 71 are made of tubular rectangular profiles whose ends are pivotally inserted (each on one side of the longitudinal axis direction) on the transverse profiles 33, 34 of the main frame, and the arms 70.1, 71.1 belonging to them, extending horizontally to the longitudinal arms 31, 32, are derived from the tubular rectangular profiles of the pivoting supports 70, 71. On the lower side, the ends of the connecting rods of the traction hydraulic cylinders 72 are hinged to the tubular rectangular profiles of the pivoting supports 70, 71. . , 82, 83 and hydraulic traction cylinders 78, 79, 84, 85.

S gornje strane profila 65, 66, 67 podnožnog okvira 64 učvršćena je metalna ploča 86. Ispod okvira 64 između poprečnog profila 67 i poprečnog profila 52 okvira 48 obostrano zglobno je postavljen potisni hidraulički cilindar 87. A metal plate 86 is fixed on the upper side of the profiles 65, 66, 67 of the base frame 64. Under the frame 64, between the transverse profile 67 and the transverse profile 52 of the frame 48, a pressure hydraulic cylinder 87 is hinged on both sides.

S lijeve strane kućišta 42 učvršćenog za ploču 39 položeno u uzdužno« pravcu kreveta izveden je oslonski nosač 88 od "U" profila okrenut žljebom prema dolje a učvršćen je krajevima hrptene plohe s donje strane podvlaka 35, 36. Oslonski nosač 88 nastavlja se ispod podvlake 36 u vertikalno prema dolje ispruženu vodilicu 89 koja je također od "U" profila žlijebom okrenutim na prednju stranu prema okviru 48. Iz prednjeg dijela oslonskog nosača 88 ispod podvlake 35 izveden je oslonac 90 od dvije kratke uparene plosnate lamele prema dolje ispružene u ravninama stranica oslonskog nosača 88. On the left side of the housing 42 fixed to the plate 39, laid in the longitudinal direction of the bed, there is a support bracket 88 made of a "U" profile facing downwards with a groove, and it is secured by the ends of the spine surface on the underside of the underlay 35, 36. The support bracket 88 continues under the underlay 36 into the vertically downwardly extending guide 89, which is also made of a "U" profile with a groove facing the front side towards the frame 48. From the front part of the support bracket 88 under the support 35, a support 90 is derived from two short paired flat lamellas extending downwards in the planes of the sides support bracket 88.

Oslonski nosač 91 čeonim krajevima učvršćen je za podvlake 37, 38 s desne strane kućišta 43. Vertikalno prema dolje ispružena vodilica 92 čeono je pričvršćena za donju plohu podvlake 37 dok uparene lamele oslonca 93 su izvedene iz podvlake 36. Stranice oslonskog nosača 31, vodilice 91 i lamela oslonca 93 položene su u dvije vertikalne uzdužne paralelne ravnine. Zakretni držači 94, 96 okvira 48, 56 koji iz pripadajućih poprečnih profila 94.1, 96.1 imaju na krajevima izvedene prema gore ispružene krakove 94.2, 94.3, 96.2, 96.3 krajevima letvi 95, 97 položenim u uzdužnom smjeru uzglobljeni su na osloncima 90, 93. Iz krajeva poprečnih profila 94.1, 96.1 izvedene su kose ukrute 95.1, 95.2, 97.1, 97.2 koje su drugim prorezima čvrsto povezane s jedne i druge strane letvi 95, 97. Na vrhovima s vanjskih strana krakova 94.2, 94.3, 96,2, 96.3 uležišteni su kotačići 98 na kojima su žljebovima uzdužnih profila 49, 50, 57, 58 oslonjeni prednji i stražnji zakretni okvir 48, 56. The front ends of the support bracket 91 are fixed to the supports 37, 38 on the right side of the housing 43. The vertically downwardly extending guide 92 is frontally attached to the lower surface of the support support 37, while the paired slats of the support 93 are derived from the support support 36. The sides of the support support 31, the guides 91 and support lamella 93 are laid in two vertical longitudinal parallel planes. Swivel holders 94, 96 of the frame 48, 56, which from the corresponding transverse profiles 94.1, 96.1 have at their ends extended arms 94.2, 94.3, 96.2, 96.3, with the ends of the slats 95, 97 laid in the longitudinal direction, are articulated on the supports 90, 93. at the ends of the transverse profiles 94.1, 96.1, oblique stiffeners 95.1, 95.2, 97.1, 97.2 are made, which are firmly connected by other slots on one and the other side of the slats 95, 97. wheels 98 on which the front and rear swivel frames 48, 56 are supported by longitudinal profile grooves 49, 50, 57, 58.

Vertikalno postavljeni hidraulički cilindri 99, 103 zglobno su uležišteni u žljebovima oslonskih nosača 88, 91. Na krajevima klipnjača 99.1, 103.1 izvedeni su obostrano rascijepljeni držači 100, 104. U užim rascjepima držača 100, 104 uležišteni su koračići 101, 105 oslonjeni unutar vodilica 89, 92. Dvokraki potezno-potisni elementi 102, 106 kraćim ukošenim krakovima 102.1, 106.1 uzglobljeni su u širim rascjepima držača 100, 104, a na krajevima uparenih lamelastih krakova 102.2, 106.2 zglobno su oslonjene letve 95, 97 zakretnih držača 94, 96. Vertically placed hydraulic cylinders 99, 103 are articulated in the grooves of the support brackets 88, 91. At the ends of the connecting rods 99.1, 103.1 there are two-sided split holders 100, 104. In the narrower splits of the holders 100, 104, the steps 101, 105 are placed and supported inside the guides 89 , 92. The two-armed pull-push elements 102, 106 are articulated with shorter angled arms 102.1, 106.1 in wider slits of the holders 100, 104, and at the ends of the paired lamellar arms 102.2, 106.2, the slats 95, 97 of the swivel holders 94, 96 are hinged.

Za kretanje kreveta po podnim površinama u pravcu "S1", oba pogonjena kotačića 9 okreću se sinhrono ako se krevet želi skrenuti u "lijevo" prekine se dovod medija u hidromotor 9.1 lijevog kotačića 9. Analogno tome odvija se kretanje kreveta sa skretanjem u desno. Konstrukciju ležaja 29 kao cjelinu moguće je zakrenuti oko vertikalne osi u odnosu na vozno postolje 1 puntanjem u rad hidromotora 18. Cijela konstrukcija ležaja 29 podiže se ili spušta pomoću glavnog nosećeg hidrauličnog cilindra 11. Uzdužno naginjanje prikazano sa 29', 29"obavlja se izvlačenjem ili uvlačenjem klipnjače 25.2 pomoćnog hidrauličnog cilindra 25 dok se poprečan obosmjerni nagib konstrukcije ležaja 29 u položaj "P1" ili "P2" obavlja izvlačenjem ili uvlačenjem klipnjače 26.2 drugog pomoćnog hidrauličkog cilindra 26. Pored toga, istovremenim djelovanjem oba hidraulička cilindra 25, 26 unutar određenih granica maksimalnog uzdužnog i poprečnog nagiba, omogućeno je postizanje nagiba cijele konstrukcije ležaja 29 u bilo kojem smjeru u odnosu na horizontalnu ravninu. Izvlačenjem cilindra 99, posredstvom potezno-potisnog elementa 102 i zakretnog držača 94, okvir 48 zakretanjem oko panata 45. 46 se spušta sve do položaja označenog sa 48'. Uvlačenjem cilindra 99 okvir 48 se izdiže do položaja označenog sa 48". Drugi okvir 56, djelovanjem hidrauličkog cilindra 103 posredstvom potezno potisnog elementa 106 1 zakretnog držača 96, moguće je zakrenuti od gornjeg položaja 56' do donjeg položaja 56''. Kada je zakretno okvir 56 najviše prema gore zakrenut u položaju 56', okvir 46 u donjem položaju 48' a okvir 64 istezanjem cilindra 87 doveden u položaj 64' te cijela konstrukcija ležaja 29 uvlačenjem glavnog nosećeg cilindra 11 spuštena na najniži nivo, klinički krevet kao cjelina pretvoren je pokretnu invalidsku stolicu. Kada su svi okviri 30, 48, 56 u jednoj ravnini bez obzira na položaj ukošenosti konstrukcije ležaja 29, uvlačenjem "lijevih" hidrauličkih cilindara 72, 79, 85 zakreću se prema gore pločasta krila 69, 75, 81 na kojima su utvrđeni madraci. Istovremeno zakretanje svih "desnih" krila 68, 74, 80 sa madracima prema gore obavlja se na isti način ali uvlačenjem hidrauličkih cilindara 73, 78, 84. Naznačeni položaji "lijevih" krila 69, 75, 81 odnosno "desnih" krila 68, 74, 80 omogućavaju prekretanje nepokretne osobe na njezin desni odnosno lijevi bok. Istovremenim podizanjem lijevih krila 69, 75, 81 i desnih krila 68, 74, 80 dobiva se ležaj koji u poprečnom presjeku ima oblik slova "V" što nepokretnoj osobi koja stalno mora ležati na leđima znatno olakšava ležanje u smislu povremenog rasterećivanja oslonca na kičmu. Također je važno napomenuti da ovakvim kliničkim krevetom zbog pokretljivosti i podešavanja nivoa konstrukcije ležaja 29, je omogućeno lagano i jednostavno premještanje nepokretnih osoba na druge ležajeve kao što su npr. kirurški stolovi. For the movement of the bed on the floor surfaces in the direction "S1", both driven wheels 9 turn synchronously, if the bed wants to turn to the "left", the media supply to the hydraulic motor 9.1 of the left wheel 9 is interrupted. Analogously, the bed moves with a turn to the right. The bearing structure 29 as a whole can be rotated around the vertical axis in relation to the undercarriage 1 by puncturing the hydraulic motor 18. The entire bearing structure 29 is raised or lowered by means of the main supporting hydraulic cylinder 11. The longitudinal tilt shown by 29', 29" is performed by pulling out or by retracting the connecting rod 25.2 of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 25, while the transverse two-way tilt of the bearing structure 29 to the "P1" or "P2" position is performed by extending or retracting the connecting rod 26.2 of the second auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 26. In addition, by simultaneous action of both hydraulic cylinders 25, 26 within certain limit of the maximum longitudinal and transverse inclination, it is possible to achieve an inclination of the entire structure of the bearing 29 in any direction in relation to the horizontal plane. By pulling out the cylinder 99, by means of the pull-push element 102 and the swivel holder 94, the frame 48 rotates around the pan 45. 46 is lowered up to the position marked with 48. By retracting the cylinder 99, the frame 48 rises d about the position marked with 48". The second frame 56 can be rotated from the upper position 56' to the lower position 56'' by the action of the hydraulic cylinder 103 by means of the pulling pressure element 106 of the swivel holder 96. When the pivoting frame 56 is rotated to the highest position 56', the frame 46 is in the lower position 48' and the frame 64 is brought to the position 64' by stretching the cylinder 87, and the entire bed structure 29 is lowered to the lowest level by retracting the main bearing cylinder 11, the clinical bed as the whole was turned into a mobile wheelchair. When all the frames 30, 48, 56 are in one plane, regardless of the position of the bevel of the bed structure 29, by retracting the "left" hydraulic cylinders 72, 79, 85, the plate wings 69, 75, 81, on which the mattresses are fixed, are rotated upwards. Simultaneous rotation of all "right" wings 68, 74, 80 with mattresses upwards is done in the same way but by retracting the hydraulic cylinders 73, 78, 84. Indicated positions of "left" wings 69, 75, 81 and "right" wings 68, 74 , 80 make it possible to turn an immobile person onto his right or left side. By simultaneously raising the left wings 69, 75, 81 and the right wings 68, 74, 80, a bed is obtained which in cross-section has the shape of the letter "V", which makes lying down much easier for an immobile person who constantly has to lie on his back in terms of occasionally relieving the support on the spine. It is also important to note that this type of clinical bed, due to the mobility and level adjustment of the bed structure 29, enables the easy and simple transfer of immobile persons to other beds, such as, for example, surgical tables.

Claims

1. A clinical bed for immobile persons adjustable in several positions, by which the bed structure 29 has a central main frame 30 to which the front and rear frames 46,56 are hingedly connected on both sides, indicated by the fact that they are on the main frame (30), which consists of mainly connected longitudinal profiles (31, 32) and transverse profiles (33, 34) of rectangular tubular cross-section, on the lower side placed underlays (35, 36, 37, 38) made of tubular rectangular profiles which are welded to the lower surfaces of the longitudinal profiles at both ends (31, 32), which is a metal plate (39) with a housing (42) fixed on the bottom side in the middle of the undercarriage (35, 36), while the other metal plate (40) with a housing (43) is fixed on the underside in the middle of the undercarriage (37, 38), and the third plate (41) with the housing (44) is fixed on the right side on the supports (35, 36), which are on the spherical ends (14, 27, 28) made on the tops of the piston rods (13, 25.2 , 26.2) of the main and auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (11, 25, 26) with spherical depressions and the supported housings (42, 43, 44) of the main frame (30) of the bearing structure (29), whereby the auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (25, 26) are hinged with the ends of the stems (25.1, 26.1) on the ends of the cantilever supports extending diagonally downward (23, 24) whose paired flat lamellae, on the other hand, are fixed by welding on the projections (22.1, 22.2) of the ring clamps (22) fixed in the upper part of the connecting rod (13) of the main supporting hydraulic cylinder (11), which is the hydraulic cylinder (11) with the flanged cornice (12.1) of the stem (12) pivotally and slidingly seated in the flat circular recess (10.1) of the metal plate (10) fixed in the middle of the cross profiles (4, 5) of the base (1), while the gear (16) is fixed circumferentially in the lower part of the stem (12) is connected by toothing to the strip screw (17.1) of the reducer assembly (17) driven by the hydraulic motor (16) and which is fixed on the metal plate (10).

2. Clinical bed according to claim 1, in which a hydraulic unit, a power source with a rectifier and a 220V mains connection and an electronic control unit are located on the transverse profiles 5, 6, 7 of the base 1 inside the corresponding cover housing, characterized by the fact that the wheels (8) are embedded pivoting around the vertical axis at the front ends of the longitudinal profiles (2, 3), while the wheels (9) are located at the rear ends of the profiles (2, 3) of the base (1), driven by hydraulic motors (9.1).

3. Clinical bed according to claim 1, indicated by the fact that the front frame (48), connected by hinges (45, 46) with a transversely laid axis (47), hinged in the up-down direction, is placed against the transverse profile (33) of the main frame (30), while the rear frame (56) is also hinged in the up-down direction by hinges (53, 54) with an interconnected shaft (55) fitted to the second transverse profile (34) of the frame (30), with the longitudinal profiles (49 , 50, 59, 60) of the front and rear hinged frame (48, 56) of the section of the letter "U" with a groove facing inward, which is in addition to the transverse profile (59) of the front frame (48) with hinges (51, 62) and the shaft (63) an upwardly pivoted base frame (64) is placed over the longitudinal and end transverse profiles (65, 66, 67) of which a metal plate (86) is fixed, and on the lower side in the axial center of the bearing structure (29) between the transverse profile (67) frame (64) and transverse profile (59) of the frame (48) hinged pressure hydraulic cylinder (87) and what are in the frame nut (30, 48, 56) on each side of the longitudinal central direction of the bearing structure (29) between the transverse profiles (33, 34, 51, 52, 59, 60) upwardly hinged wings (68, 69, 74, 75, 80, 81) made of sheet metal fixed on the cantilever arms (70.1, 71.1, 76.1, 77.1, 82.1, 83.1) of tubular swivel supports (70, 71, 76, 77, 82, 83) which are pulled by hydraulic cylinders (72, 73) , 78, 79, 84, 85) hinged to the longitudinal profiles (31, 32, 49, 50, 57, 58) of the main or front and rear frames (30, 48, 58).

4. Clinical bed according to claim 1 and 3, characterized by the fact that on the left side of the housing (42) from the lower side in the longitudinal direction on the supports (35, 36), a support bracket (88) is fixed with a guide 89 of "U" extending downwards. profile and the support (90), which is on the right side of the housing 43 between the supports (37, 38), a support bracket (91) made of U profile with the groove facing downwards, while the guide (92) and the support (93) are extended downwards, facing welded and fixed to the supports (37, 38), which are wheels (98), on which the longitudinal profiles (49, 50, 57, 58) of the front and rear frames (48, 56) are supported by grooves, placed on the upper part of the side panels according upwardly extended arms (94.2, 94. 3, 96.2, 96.3) derived from the ends of the transverse profiles (94.1, 96.1) of the swivel holders (94, 96) whose longitudinal slats (55, 97) are frontally fixed to the transverse profiles (94.1, 96, 1) and reinforced with oblique stiffeners (95.1, 95.2, 97.1, 97.2), the other ends are jointed in the cracks of the supports (90, 93), which are on top with the piston rods (99.1, 103.1) of the hydraulic cylinders (99, 103) inserted in the grooves of the support brackets (88, 91), two-sided split holders (100, 104) were made, whereby the wheels (101, 105) were inserted in the narrower slots of the holders ( 100, 104), supported in the grooves of the guides (89, 92), while in the wider slits of the holder (100, 104) the beveled arms (102.1, 106.1) of two-armed push-pull elements (102, 106) are articulated, and the paired lamellar arms are extended upwards hinged to the slats (95, 97), swivel holders (94, 96) of the frame (48, 56).