Claims (11)
1. Uređaj koji služi za sigurno provođenje lijevokretnog termodinamičkog kružnog procesa (1) uz pomoć zapaljivog radnog fluida, kojeg se provodi u zatvorenom, hermetički zabrtvljenom krugu radnog fluida, koji ima:
– zatvoreni krug radnog fluida sa zapaljivim radnim fluidom, koji ima najmanje jedan kompresor (2) za radni fluid, najmanje jedan ekspander (4) za radni fluid, te najmanje dva izmjenjivača topline (3, 5) za radni fluid, koji u svakom slučaju ima dvije spojnice (7, 8, 9, 10) za fluide izmjenjivača topline; i
– zatvoreno kućište, koje se sastoji od vanjskog dijela kućišta (11) i unutarnjeg dijela kućišta (6), koje obuhvaća sve naprave povezane sa zatvorenim krugom radnog fluida, a može sadržavati i dodatnu napravu, pri čemu je kućište načinjeno od sklopa dva dijela kućišta ugniježđena jedan u drugom, pri čemu vanjski dio kućišta (11) barem djelomično obuhvaća unutarnji dio kućišta (6), gdje je između dva dijela kućišta na nekoliko strana načinjen međuprostor (12),
– gdje je taj međuprostor (12) ispunjen vezivom za radni fluid, čiji je kapacitet takav da može u potpunosti apsorbirati dolazeći radni fluid,
naznačen time što
– je pet strana oba dijela kućišta zatvoreno za plin, dok je jedna strana otvorena za plin,
– se strane odgovarajuće otvorene za plin nalaze na stranama ugniježđenih dijelova kućišta (6, 11), smještenih jedan nasuprot drugom,
– se na otvorenoj strani unutarnjeg i otvorenoj strani vanjskog dijela kućišta odgovarajuće nalazi jedan prolaz za plin,
– se međuprostor (12) može naplaviti samo u slučaju pretlaka do kojeg dolazi u unutrašnjosti unutarnjeg dijela kućišta (6), te što pretlak ima učinak odgurivanja vanjskog dijela kućišta (11) na način paralelan u odnosu na unutarnji dio kućišta (6), zbog čega se otvor prolaza (14) otvori za plin iz unutarnjeg dijela kućišta (6) u međuprostor (12),
– gdje su međuprostor (12) i otvor prolaza (14) tako načinjeni u terminima fluidike da je otpor protoka koji se pojavljuje kada dolazi do protjecanja svugdje jednak.1. A device that serves to safely carry out a left-handed thermodynamic circular process (1) with the help of a flammable working fluid, which is carried out in a closed, hermetically sealed circuit of the working fluid, which has:
- a closed working fluid circuit with a flammable working fluid, which has at least one compressor (2) for the working fluid, at least one expander (4) for the working fluid, and at least two heat exchangers (3, 5) for the working fluid, which in any case has two couplings (7, 8, 9, 10) for heat exchanger fluids; and
- closed casing, which consists of the outer part of the casing (11) and the inner part of the casing (6), which includes all the devices connected to the closed circuit of the working fluid, and may also contain an additional device, whereby the casing is made of an assembly of two parts of the casing nested inside each other, whereby the outer part of the housing (11) at least partially covers the inner part of the housing (6), where an intermediate space (12) is made between the two parts of the housing on several sides,
- where this intermediate space (12) is filled with a binder for the working fluid, the capacity of which is such that it can completely absorb the incoming working fluid,
indicated by what
– five sides of both housing parts are closed for gas, while one side is open for gas,
– the sides correspondingly open to the gas are located on the sides of the nested housing parts (6, 11), located opposite each other,
– there is one gas passage on the open side of the inner and the open side of the outer part of the housing, respectively,
- the intermediate space (12) can be flooded only in case of overpressure that occurs inside the inner part of the housing (6), and because the overpressure has the effect of pushing the outer part of the housing (11) in a way parallel to the inner part of the housing (6), due to whereby the passage opening (14) is opened for gas from the inner part of the housing (6) into the intermediate space (12),
- where the intermediate space (12) and the opening of the passage (14) are made in terms of fluidics in such a way that the flow resistance that appears when the flow occurs is the same everywhere.
2. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 1, naznačen time što je vezivo adsorbens, po mogućnosti načinjen od aktivnog ugljena, a radni fluid je R290.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the binder is an adsorbent, preferably made of activated carbon, and the working fluid is R290.
3. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 ili 2, naznačen time što je pomični dio kućišta postavljen na oblikovano tijelo ili ispunu načinjenu od adsorbensa.3. Device according to any one of patent claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the movable part of the housing is placed on a shaped body or filling made of adsorbent.
4. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 do 3, naznačen time što se međuprostor (12) nalazi između dva dijela kućišta (6, 11) na 4 strane.4. Device according to any one of patent claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the intermediate space (12) is located between two parts of the housing (6, 11) on 4 sides.
5. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 do 4, naznačen time što je pad tlaka u međuprostoru (12) do kojeg dolazi tijekom protjecanja ograničen na najviše 2,5 hPa.5. Device according to any one of patent claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pressure drop in the intermediate space (12) that occurs during flow is limited to a maximum of 2.5 hPa.
6. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 5, naznačen time što je slobodni poprečni presjek dotjecanja u međuprostoru (12) između 0,008 i 0,068 m2 po kg radnog fluida.6. Device according to patent claim 5, characterized in that the free flow cross-section in the intermediate space (12) is between 0.008 and 0.068 m2 per kg of working fluid.
7. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 5, naznačen time što je omjer između slobodnog poprečnog presjeka dotjecanja u međuprostor (12) i slobodnog poprečnog presjeka istjecanja iz međuprostora između 0,35 i 2,41.7. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the ratio between the free cross-section of the inflow into the intermediate space (12) and the free cross-section of the outflow from the intermediate space is between 0.35 and 2.41.
8. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 5, naznačen time što međuprostor (12) nije otvoren za protjecanje plina u nestlačenom stanju.8. Device according to patent claim 5, characterized in that the intermediate space (12) is not open for the flow of gas in an uncompressed state.
9. Uređaj u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 2, naznačen time što je aktivni ugljen upotrijebljen kao adsorbentna ispuna u obliku peleta, granulata i/ili kuglica u rasponu promjera od 0,5 do 10 milimetara, s omjerom između duljine i promjera od 1 do 20.9. Device according to patent claim 2, characterized in that activated carbon is used as an adsorbent filling in the form of pellets, granules and/or balls in the diameter range from 0.5 to 10 millimeters, with a ratio between length and diameter of 1 to 20 .
10. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 2 i 9, naznačen time što je aktivni ugljen tako dopiran da je na normalnim temperaturama brzina adsorpcije između 0,025 i 0,4 kg radnog fluida po kg adsorbensa.10. Device according to any one of patent claims 2 and 9, characterized in that the activated carbon is doped in such a way that at normal temperatures the adsorption rate is between 0.025 and 0.4 kg of working fluid per kg of adsorbent.
11. Uređaj u skladu s bilo kojim od patentnih zahtjeva 2, 3, 9 i 10, naznačen time što je duljina prostiranja adsorbensa koju određuje međuprostor (12) u kojem se nalazi između 0,01 i 1,08 metara po kg radnog fluida.11. Device according to any one of patent claims 2, 3, 9 and 10, characterized in that the length of spread of the adsorbent determined by the intermediate space (12) in which it is located is between 0.01 and 1.08 meters per kg of working fluid.